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MOI SO GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEO OOA XAY ODNG VA PHAT TRIEN GHHHNG TOlNH SACH GIAD KHOA PHO TOONG SAD NAM 20 IS TS, NGUYEN THU TUAN* di giai doan phat trie''''n cua dat nude deu dat ra nhtrng yeu eau mdi c[.]
MOI SO GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEO OOA XAY ODNG VA PHAT TRIEN GHHHNG TOlNH SACH GIAD KHOA PHO TOONG SAD NAM 20IS TS, di giai doan phat trie'n cua dat nude deu dat nhtrng yeu eau mdi cho dao tao ngudn nhan lire, vi vay chuong trinh (CT) giao due phdthdng (GDPT) can cd nhirng thay dd'i thich hpp de gdp phan dap ung nhimg yeu cau mdi dd Tuy nhien, CT GDPT hien hanh dang bdc Id nhirng bat cap, can duqc giai quyet bdi mdt loat cac giai phap ddng bdtheo hudng vufa kethua va phat huy nhirng tuu da dat dupe, vufa thuc hien nhiing dd'i mdi de' dap iing cae yeu cau dao tao ngudn nhan luc giai doan phattrie'n mdi cua dat nude, dap iing suphat trien eua ban than CT vakhSe phue nhirng tdn tai, han ehe'cLiaCTcu(l) Mat khac, tuf nhifng ddi hdi phai nang cao chat lupng day va hpe, tiif yeu eau ddi mdi can ban va toan dien nen giao due de'dap irng sunghlep CNH, HOH dat nude, viee xay dung va phattrie'n CT, sach giao khoa (SGK) mdi la he't sii'C can thie't (2) De nang eao chat lupng CT, SGK mdi sau nam 2015, can cd mdt hi thd'ng nhirng giaiphip ddng bd, Xii viee dd'i mdi mue tieu giao due cho de'n each thirc td Chile, dieu hanh, tdng ket, danh gia chat lupng CT va SGK ciia cac ea quan quan li, eung nhu chuan bj ngudn nhan luc, ngudn tai ehinh va su quan tam, phd'i hop cila nhieu co quan, ban nganh (3) Cac glal phap dd la: 1.Xay dung CT.SGK mdi theo quan diem giao duo hien dai Viee xay dung va phattrie'n CT GDPT theo quan diem giao due hien dai nhim phat huy nhirng tuu, khac phue nhung tdn tai cua cac CT trude dd, tao dung mdt bd CT mdi phii hap vdi truyen thd'ng va nhimg dd'i mdi cua dat nude, eua GDPT Viet Nam de' cang tie'p can dupe vdi trinh dp G D PT eua eae nude phattrie'n tren thegidi CT GDPT mdi phai la CT giao due qud'c gia dupe ap dung thd'ng nha't ca nude nhung dupe phep van dung linh hoat dephiihpp vdi tu'ng dieu kien, hoan canh cuthe'cua tilrng vLlng/m len, tung nha trudng, tii'ng dd'i tupng hpc sinh (HS) (1) IVIdtCT GDPT hien dai can dat dupe 12 Tap chi Gido due so 326 NGUYEN THU TUAN* nhiing thach thufc ma HS phai lien tuc nd luc phan dau devuptqua.De'lam vlec nay, eac mdn hpc phai dupe td ehii'e thiet ke va thuc thi cho ed the eung cap cho HS each hpc, each glal quyet van de, each khai thae thdng tin tuf nhirng ngudn khac nhau, kT thuat xu li thdng tin , tddd kie'n tao kie'n thdc mdi cho ban than hoac giai quye't cae van de cudc sdng Qua do, HS cam tha'y tutin vao ban than, cd ddng lire tim tdi eae vande mdi (4) Bien soan mdt CT ehuan qud'c gia vdi nhieu bo SGK khac la mdt van de mdi dd'i vdi Viet Nam, nhung da la phdbiendnhleu nude tren thegidi Quan diem hoan toan dung din, phii hop vdi xu hudng ehung, tao dieu kien de' ngudi day va ngudi hpc lira ehpn nhimg cudn SGK phii hpp nha't, tdtnhatdenang cao chat lupng day va hpe Nhung trude dua quye't djnh ve van denay, can tra Idi thda dang nhifng cau hdi sau: Can bao nhieu bd SGK: 2,3 hay bp? Neu nha xua't ban (NXB) la don vi true tie'p tdehifc bien soan SGK thi ngoai NXB Giao due Viet Nam dang rat ed uy tin va eang khing djnh thuong hieu eua minh, se cd nhifng NXB Idn nao khac dam nhiem dupe vlec nay? Cd can thie't phai td chii'c dau thau giifa cac NXB khdng? (vi ed canh tranh nen cung khie'n cho SGK se cd chat lupng tdt hon) Vdi cdng tac quan li, cap nao la ngudi true tie'p lira chpn bo SGK deday eho HS (eac SdGD-OT hay Ban giam hieu nha trudng, hay giao vien (GV) bd mdn?) (5) Theo quan die'm eiia ehung tdi, xua't phat tuf dieu kien cuthe'cua thue tien day va hpe hien dphdthdng, vlec bien soan nhieu bdSGK d Viet Nam de'n nao nen thuc hien vathuc hien nhuthe nao can phai can nhlcthau dao, than trpng nhung cung ddi hdi phai ed quyet djnh khan truang de' nd trd hien thuc va dem lai Ipi ieh eho nen giao due nude nha Trong mdt qudc gia, CTgiio due nin thd'ng nhat, nhung qui trinh van dung can cdphan cdng viphan mem (phan ciing bao gdm nhifng tri thufc ehung mang tinh bit bude nha nude quan li; phan mem bao gdm tri * Khoa Nglie thuat, Tnriing Dal hoc sir pham Ha Noi (ki2-1/2014) Mcdiapbuang) Tn/demit,canudcthd'ngnhaimdt hiing hau cae nha khoa hpe, eac nha giao due dtrung bd SGK mdi, dd dinh eho dia phuang quyen uang va dia phuang eiing tham gia Tuy nhien, td xay dung eae tai lieu giio khoa bd'trgphuhgp vdidic chifc bien soan CT va SGK mdi sau nam 2015, Bd diem cda ngudi hgc va dac thu eua dia phuang minhGD-DT can cd suchpn Ipc tinh hon, kT han, nghiem (tat nhien, eae tai lieu giao khoa dja phuang phai ngat han dpi ngu tac gia bSng each dua tiiu chi lua dupe sutham dinh va gdp y cua IHdi ddng tham dinh ehgnticgia(7)6idam baoCTvaSGKmdisau nam qud'c gia) (3) Trong dieu kien chua ed nhieu bd SG K 2015 dupe bien soan tdt nha't, tao dieu kien tdi uu cho ehotifng_viing/mienthiSGkmdlsaunam2015nen vlec day va hpe dat hieu qua cao ed chl din eu the deG V ed the chii ddng linh hoat td Cdng tac quan li chii'c cac hoat ddng day hpe cho phii hpp vdi thuc Dd'i mdi cachequan li.dleu hanh la van de eaban tecijatufng dja phuang va then ehd't, gan nhu cd vai trd quye't djnh bai CT GDPT va SGK mdi se dupe xay dung theo eua toan bd cdng tac dd'i mdi giao due va dao tao (7) hudng tie'p can nang luc eua ngudi hpe (tii'c la xua't -Thudng xuyen tdehife danh gia, mt kinh nghiem phat td cac nang luc ma mdi HS can cd cudc ve CT va cac dieu kien trien khai CT de phat huy sd'ng, va ket qua cud'i ciing la phai dat dupe eae nang nhifng uu diem; ddng thdi phat hien kjp thdi nhifng tdn luc ay) Theo dd, ndi dung - phuang phap day hpc - tai denhanh chdng dieu chinh, bdsung deae mue dp phuang phap kie'm tra, danh gia deu phai hudng tdi thich hpp nang luc tu hpc, nang luc phat hien va giai quye't van - Nang cao nang luc hoan thien ve ddi ngu nha de hpc tap, cude sd'ng, col trpng ren luyen giao va can bd quan li giao due de ddn dau nhifng ddi kT nang sd'ng (6) Vi vay, nd phai dupe xuat phat tif mdi cua GDPT (1) eac nang luc thie't ye'u can cd eude sd'ng hien - Can lap mdt Vien chuyen nghien cifu ve tai va tuong lai dd'i vdi mdi HS, tren ca sd dd ma lua CT, SGK phdthdng, add quy tu mdt dpi ngu nha giao chpn, de xua't eac ITnh vuc hpc tap, cac hoat ddng va can bd quan li ed be day kinh nghiem, ed nang luc giao due cho tuong thich va hifu ieh Nang lue HS thuc te nghien cifu, thiet keCT, SGK Nhiem vu can cd la eac nang luc ehung va nang luc chuyen cua Vien la nghien cifu nhifng van de lien quan de'n nghiep Ca sd de' hinh nang luc la kie'n thire ddi mdi mue tieu, ndi dung, phuang phap day hpe, Dethuc hien viee ren luyen nang luc, CT can duqc danh gia ket qua hpe tap; xay dung chuan kie'n thifc, kT dattren nen tang eua mdt nguyen li: kii'n //jifcphai nang; thie't lap quan he giifa tinh phap li, tinh thd'ng duqc HS tu kie'n tao chif khdng phai dupe chuye'n nha't va su van dung linh hoat CT giao due qud'c gia giao tif G V Viee ren luyen nang luc ddi hdi phai cd theo dac diem dja phuong, dac die'm dd'i tupng HS du thdigian, HS phalsi}dung nhieu lan, lap di lap lai Tdehifc hoat ddng phai rat chuyen nghiep, bai mdi cdthe tang cudng nang luc cave chieu rdng lan ban va hieu qua chieu sau (4) Dd'i vdi cac trudng su pham Od'l mdi GDPT phai bit dau tif cae trudng su Quy trinh lua chpn, xet duyet chat luprng SGK dua vao sudung pham (7) Vi vay, eac trudng_ su pham can nhanh Theo chiing tdi, BpGD-OTphai la dan vjchuquan chdng ddi mdi can ban, sau sac CT dao tao cho phu de' hudng din, ehi dao viee bien soan CT Cae NXB hpp vdi thue tiln G DPT dang Hen tue thay dd'i va phat Idn, cd uy tin se la nhifng don vj true tie'p tdehifc bien trie'n CT dao tao mdi eua eae trudng su pham phai di soan SGK Sau bien soan xong, Bd GD-OT se trude GDPT, vi vay can trien khai tuf nam hpc tham djnh chat lupng va dua quye't dinh cud'i eiing de'sau 4-5 nam nifa, cac khda sinh vien tmdng de bd SG K nao se dupe lua chpn dua vao day dtrudng cd the d l dang tie'p can va thich iing dupe vdi phdthdng CT, SGK mdi sau 2015 Van de tac gia bien scan CT va viet SGK - Can ed che dp thu hut de' huy ddng, tap hop CT va SGK phai la mdt edng trinh nghien cuu dupe cac giang vien va can bd quan li giao due la khoa hpc su pham thuc su, la ket qua hoan hao cua nhung chuyen gia hang dau ve giao due cae cap mdtquatrinh lao ddng nghiem tiie ciia dpi ngu tac gia hpe phdthdng, cac giang vien ed be day kinh nghiem ed trinh dp chuyen mdn va am hie'u giao due phd va cd nang lue thue tecap hpe phdthdng de' hp sin thdng Khi soan thao CT va bien soan SGK phdthdng sang tham gia vao cdng cudc dd'i mdi CT va SGK hien hanh, Bd GD-DT da tap hop duqc mdt dpi ngu sau nam 2015 (ki2-1/2014) Tap chi Gido due so 326 13 - Tao dieu kien va khuyen khich cae giang vien va sach giao khoa phd thOng sau 2015" Tap chi Khoa thudng xuyen cap nhat vdi CT dd'i mdi cua tmdng phd hoc gido due, sd 93, thang 6/2013 thdng, tham gia cae dpt tap huan ve phuang phap (5) NguySn Van Ninh "Chucmg trinh Ljch su phd day hpc hien dai de' san sang tie'p nhan CT mdi, san thOng a Cong hoa Phap va kha nang van dung cua Viet Nam" Tap c/ii Gido duc,sd 297, thang 11/2012 sang tham gia bdi dudng chuyen mdn va nghiep vu (6) Ngo Tr4n Ai "Sach giao khoa - cSn mOt tdng c8ng su pham eho GV eac dia phuang trinh su xuit sdc" Tap chl Day vd hoe ngdy nay, sd - Can ehii y cdng tac bdi dudng eho dpi ngu GV 10, 2012 hien hanh, thudng xuyen td ehife eae Idp tap hua'n (7) Vu Van Du "Suy nghT vS ddi mai chuotng trinh, giiip GV nang eao trinh dp, cap nhat kie'n thifc, nim sach giao khoa giao due phd thOng sau nam 2015" chic ndi dung va yeu elu eiia CT, SGK mdi (3) Cac Tap chi Qudn li gido due, sd 50, thang 7/2013 GV khdng nen quan niem SGK la mdt thif khudn vang, thude ngpc de vi the ma thay va trd nhat nhat SUMMARY phai tuan theo de'n tufng cau, tOfng chu, tung vi du nhu From requires improving the quality of teaching sach (vi SGK duac vie't bdi mdt hay mdt nhdm and learning, from innovation requires radical and tic gia, vay nd mang rd tinh ehu quan cua ngudi comprehensive new education to meet the industrialization and modernization of the country, the conbiin soan - mac du sich dd da dugc tham dinh a cap struction and development program process, a new ^odcp/aj.Thuc techo tha'y, nhifng GVgldlthudng cd textbook Is essential, with strategic significance for each day rieng cua minh qua trinh sir dung the education sector SGK nhung lai cd hieu qua rat eao To build and develop programs, new textbooks after 2015 successfully, there must be a system of Nghien cifu, hoc tap kinh nghiem cua cac synchronized solutions, have been studied and imnude phat trien plemented In earnest, cautious Thus, programs and Trong bd'i canh hdi nhap qud'c te nhu hien nay, textbooks after 2015 will have the quality, effectivechiing ta cd nhieu co hdi va dieu kien detrao dd'i kinh ness, feasibility, come to life nghiem, hpe tap each lam CT, SGK phdthdng cua eac nude tien tie'n va van dung eho phu hpp vdi dieu kien, hoan canh cua dat nude minh - dd la dudng ngin nha't, tie't kiem nhat de'tie'p can vdi xu theva trinh dp GDPT ciia eac nude phat trie'n khu vuc va tren the gldl(1) To Ghliii day nglig theo module (Tiep theo trang 11) Tai lieu tham kliao Dang COng san Viet Nam Van Iden Dal liSi dai Xay dung vaphat trie'n CT, SGK phdthdng mdi la bieu toan qu6'c iSn tliii' XI NXB Chinh tri qud'c gia mdt cdng viee he't sifc trpng dai, ed y nghTa chien lupc Su thdt, moi I ddi vdi nganh giao due, can dupe tien hanh nghien Fulst, Stefan Im Spannungsfeld von Modularisierung ciru va thue hien mdt each nghiem tuc, khan truang und Europisierung: Die deutsche duale Berufsbildung nhung than trpng (3) De xay dung va phat trien CT, im Test Rainer Hampp Verlag 2003 SGK mdi sau nam 2015 thuc suchait lupng, hieu qua Fasshauer, Uwe u.a Beweglichkeit ohne Beliebigkeit Modularisierung und Schulentwicklung in der va cd tinh kha thi, can thuc hien mdt he thd'ng nhifng beruflichen Bildung W Bertelsmann Verlag GmbH giai phap ddng bp nhu tren Q & Co KG, Bielefeld 2001 *** (1) D6 Dinh Hoan "Met sO' bai hoc kinh nghiem tir bo'n lin thay ddi chuong trinh giao dye phd thOng" SUMMARY Tap chi Khoa hpc gido due, s6 72, thang 9/2011 The paper presents the study of modular voca(2) Trinh Dinh Tung - Biii Thj Oanh "MOt s6' y kie'n v6 sach giao khoa mOn Lich sir hien va sau nam tional training, to clarify the difference between the yearly vocational training and vocational training 2015" Tap chi Gido dvic, s0'312, thang 6/2013 module, assess the status of vocational training (3) D6 Ngpc Thft'ng "Ddi mdri chucmg trinh va sSch modules, on the basis that the proposed solution giao khoa giao due phd thOng" Tap chi Khoa hoc measures implemented In the modular vocational gidoduc, s6'62, thang 11/2010 practice, perform basic policy Innovation, compre(4) NguySn Due Chinh "Vai suy nghi vS chuong tnnh hensive training 14 Tap ehi Gido due so 326 (ki2-1/2014) ... tap hop duqc mdt dpi ngu sau nam 2015 (ki2-1/2014) Tap chi Gido due so 326 13 - Tao dieu kien va khuyen khich cae giang vien va sach giao khoa phd thOng sau 2015" Tap chi Khoa thudng xuyen cap nhat... baoCTvaSGKmdisau nam qud''c gia) (3) Trong dieu kien chua ed nhieu bd SG K 2015 dupe bien soan tdt nha''t, tao dieu kien tdi uu cho ehotifng_viing/mienthiSGkmdlsaunam2015nen vlec day va hpe dat hieu qua cao. .. mdi sau 2015 Van de tac gia bien scan CT va viet SGK - Can ed che dp thu hut de'' huy ddng, tap hop CT va SGK phai la mdt edng trinh nghien cuu dupe cac giang vien va can bd quan li giao due la khoa