NANG CAO HIEU QUA GIAO DUC LY LUAN CHINH TRj CHO SINH VIEN 0 CAC TRlTONG DAI HOC VA CAO DANG NlTflfC TA HIEN NAY /H W^3 ^J PHAN THI HONG DUYEN * Cdng tdc gido due 1̂ luan chinh tri ed vai trd hit sflc[.]
NANG CAO HIEU QUA GIAO DUC LY LUAN CHINH TRj CHO SINH VIEN CAC TRlTONG DAI HOC VA CAO DANG NlTflfC TA HIEN NAY -/H W^3 ^J PHAN THI HONG DUYEN * C dng tdc gido due 1^ luan chinh tri ed vai trd hit sflc quan trpng ludn dupc Dang ta dac biet quan tdm vd coi trpng, nhdt la viec giao due ehlnh tri, tu tudng ddi v6i sinh vien, hpc sinh Van kien Dai hdi IX cua Dang da chi ro: 'Tang cudng gido due chinh tri, tu tudng, dao dfle, ldi sdng cho hoc sinh, sinh vien Cai tiln viec giang day va hoc tdp cdc bd mdn khoa hpc Mdc - Ldnin va tu tudng Hd C!hi Minh cae trudng dai hoc, cao ddng, ttung hpc chuydn nghiep vd day nghl"'" Hiue tl cdc trudng dai hoe vd cao ddng vdn cdn mdt sd sinh vien cd thdi dd thd o, eoi nhe, thilu nilm tin ddi vdi cdc mdn L^ ludn chinh tri, cd nhdn thflc Idch lac vl mue dich, 1^ tudng sdng, vl cdc gid tri dao dfle, van hod, cd bilu hien vi pham ldi sd'ng van hod dao dfle, thilu trung thuc thi cir, tu vd ky ludt, flng xu thie'u van hda, sdng thilu hoai bao, lap than, lap nghiep, lam anh hudng din qud ttinh giao due, dao tao cua nha ttudng eung nhu vide hinh nhdn each mdi sinh vidn Vdn dl bfle xuc nhdt giao due nude ta hidn la "ehdt lupng giao due todn didn, trude hit la chdt lupng giao due chinh ttj !>' tudng, dao dfle, Id'i sd'ng, dac biet a bde cao ding, dai hoc""' Dang Cdng san Viet Nam da nhdn dinh: "Ddc bidt ddng Io ngai la mdt bd phdn hoc sinh, sinh vien cd tinh trang suy thoai dao dfle, md nhat IJ tudng, theo ldi sd'ng thuc dung tMlu hodi bdo ldp than, lap nghidp vi tuong lai cua ban than va ddt nudc""' Tmh hinh dd nhilu nguyen nhdn ca chii quan va khach quan, song mdt nhihig nguyen nhan co ban la do: "Cdng tac giao due chinh tri, tu tudng, dao dfle va nhan each cung nhu viec giang day cac mdn khoa hoc xa hdi va nhdn van bi xem nhe Hieu qua giang day edc mdn khoa hoc Mac - Lenin bi han chi"''" Dilu dd, ddt yeu cau phai ddy manh hon nfla hoat ddng giao due ly ludn ehinh tn, ndng cao hon nua ehdt lupng, hieu qua giang day, hoc tdp cac mdn LJ ludn chinh tri nhdm hinh cho sinh vien thl gidi quan va phuong phap ludn khoa hpc xdy dung cho sinh vien niem tin vao chii ngMa Mac - Lenin, tu tudng Ho Chi Minh tin vao dudng ldi ddi mdi efla Dang, vao su nghiep C3VH,HDH ddt nudc Tuy nhien, de viec gido due ly ludn chinh tri cho sinh vien d cac trudng dai hoc va cao ding dat hidu qua cao, chung ta edn quan tdm de'n mdt sd giai phap ea ban sau: Th^ nhd't ndng cao nhdn thflc va tdng cudng sir lanh dao cua cac cap uy Dang, Ban Gidm hieu vd cac td chuc doan the trudng dai hpe, cao ddng dd'i vdi viec giao due ly ludn chinh tri cho sinh vien Giao due ly ludn chinh tri cac trudng dai hpc va cao ddng hien giu vai trd rdt quan bdi giao due ly ludn chinh tri la mdt ylu td hpp quan trpng ttong nln gido due d nudc ta, la mdt bd phdn cua cdng tdc chinh tri - tu tudng, cd hen quan den mflc kien dinh ehu nghia Mac - Lenin - nln tang cua Dang va Nhdn dan Viet Nam, hen quan deh viec thuc hien nMem vu ehinh tri va muc tieu ddo tao eiia edc trudng dai hpc va cao ddng Niiiem vu chii ylu eiia cdng tde giao due ly ludn ehinh tri la cung cd'p cho sinh vien nhiing kien thuc co ban cua ehu nghTa Mae • Ttin SI, Dai hoc Hoa LU • Ninh Binh Lemn, tu tudng Hd CM' Minh, dudng ldi cdch - Dane Cong san Viet Nam, Van kiSn Bai hoi dai bieu mang cua Dang, Irang bi cho sinh vien nhung kiln loan qu& ldn thi^IX, Nxb CTQG, H 2001 tr.nO-lU thflc vl ly ludn chinh tti, hinh cho smh vidn - Ddng Cpng sdn Vi^t Nam V«" * f " ^ ' ' ' ' ^ ' ' ' i ° ^ ' ^ bdy Ban Chap hanh Trung iMng khoa IX Nxb CTi/O M 2003,tr 40-41 - Ddng Cong sdn VUt Nan Van *f" ,f" "f ^ ' ^ J ' - Ddng Cgng sdn Viet Nam (1997) Van kien Hoi nghi ldn hai Ban Chdp hinh Trung uang khoa VIU Nxb CTQO H thii hai Ban Chdp hanh Trung liung klwa VIII Nxb CTQG H 1997 tr 261997 tr 24 TAP CHi GIAO D y e LV LUAN - S 217 (8/2014) 71 BIEN BAN eiAO DUC ban linh chinh tri vung vdng; xdy dung cho hp th^ gidi quan, phucmg phdp ludn khoa hpe, nhan sinh quan, dao dfle each mang; Mlu va vdn dung dung ddn chu truong, dudng ldi cua Dang, chinh sach, phdp ludt cua Nhd nudc vao thue tidn hpc tdp va cdng tac sau nay; ddu tranh chdng cdc ludn dieu xuydn tae, nhflng tidu cue xa hdi Tfl dd, giup sinh vien cd mdt cdng cu nhdn thfle sde ben dl dinh hudng va hanh ddng ttong thuc tiln, cung c6 long tin vdo sflc manh chdn ly cua hd tu tudng cdch mang vd khoa hoc, vao dudng xay dung chu nghia xa hdi h nudc ta Vi vdy, ddi hdi phai tdng cudng su lanh dao eua Dang uy Ban Giam hidu nha trudng, cac khoa, phdng, viec chi dao, quan tridt va thuc Men day du, sdu sdc cac quy dinh, ehi thi cua Dang va Nha nudc vl cdng tac giao due 1;^ ludn ehinh tri ddi v ^ sinh vidn Ddi vdi cac td chflc nhu Doan Ttianh nien, Hdi Sinh vien cd vi tti vai ttd chflc nang, nhiem vu khac nhung diu la noi thu hflt, tdp hpp, vdn ddng, gido due va td ehflc cae hoat ddng cua sinh vien ttong nha trudng Tinh hieu qua hoat dpng cua cdc td chflc cd anh hudng rSt ldn din viec ndng cao chdt lupng giao due chinh tti eho sinh vidn Thdng qua hoat ddng cua cac td chflc cd thl tuydn ttuyln, gido due dudng ldi, chu ttuong eua Dang, chinh sach, phap ludt cua Nhd nudc; neu guong td't, vide tdt; phe binh nhiing tu tudng lac hdu, tidu cue, nhihig thdi hu tat xiiu ttong hpe tap cua sinh vien Song, dl phat huy vai trd cua Doan Thanh men, Hdi Sinh vidn Ban Gidm hieu nha trudng phai quan tdm xdy dung vd thudng xuydn kidn toan cac td chflc that viing manh Ddng thdi, eac td chflc phai thuc su phat huy dupc ddn chu ttong sinh vidn vd thdng qua hoat ddng cua minh, phai dinh hudng cho sinh vidn vao xdy dung edc gid tri, edc chuan muc xa hdi tiln bd, ddu tranh vdi cac bilu Mdn tidu cue nha ttudng, ldp hpc ThA hai, ddi mdi ndi dung chuong ttinh, phuong phdp giao due, dao tao phu hpp vdi dd'i tupng sinh vidn Trudc nhirng doi hoi cd'p bach cua thuc tiln, ddng thdi de ndng cao chat lupng day hpc cac mdn Ly ludn chmh tti cho khdi sinh vien khdng chuyen cac Irudng dai hoc va cao dang, Bd Gido due va Dao tao da khdng ngijmg ngMdn cuu ddi mdi ndi dung ehuong Irinh, gido ttinh cac mdn Lj' ludn ehinh tri Ngay 25 thdng nam 2008 Bd trudng Bd Gido due va Dao tao da ban hanh Cdng vdn sd 2488/BGE«DT-DH&SDH, thdng bao k l hoach td chflc giang day cde mdn LJ ludn chinh tti eho sinh vidn edc tnrdng dai hpe, cao ddng Sau do, Bd Gido due vd Dao tao da ban hanh Quylt dinh sd 52/2008/QD-BGDE)T, 18/09/2008 vl vide Ban hdnh chuong trinh edc mdn Ly ludn chinh tri ttinh dd dai hpc, eao ddng dung cho sinh vien khdi khdng chuyen nganh Mac - Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh Diem ndi bat nhSt ldn ddi mdi la chuong trinh cac mdn LJ ludn ehinh tri da rflt gpn tfl mdn hpc trudc ddy xudng cdn mdn va rut ngdn thdi lupng day - hpc ede mdn Ly ludn cMrih tri gdm 10 tin etd (15 don vi hpc trinh) Ndi dung mdn Nhung nguydn IJ co ban cua ehu ngMa Mae - Ldnin dupc xdy dung tten CO sd cua chuong trinh ba mdn hoc: Trilt hoc Mac - Lenin, Kinh t l ehinh trj Mae -Ldnin vk Chu nghia xa hdi khoa hpe; Ndi dung mdn Dudng l^i each mang cua Dang Cdng san Vidt Nam dupc xfly dung tten co sd mdn Lich sfl Dang Cdng san Viet Nam va dudng ldi phdt triln kinh tl-xa hdi ctia Dang; Mdn Tu tudng Hd C3u Minh, tidn co sd ndi dung chucmg trinh hidn hanh bd sung thdm nhDng vdn dl mdi phfl hpp v^ tinh hinh day vd hpc cdc trudng dai hoc vd cao dang Thirc chdt ndi dung chuong ttinh cua cac mdn hpc vdn dang gdy dp luc rdt ldn bdi su qud tai vl ndi dung Chang han, mdn Nhung nguydn ly co ban cua chfl nghia Mdc Lenin (phdn 1) so vdi ndi dung mdn trilt hpc Mdc Lenin trudc ddy thi gdn nhu khdng cd su thay ddi, ttong kM dd thcd gian giang day chuong trinh mdi chi bdng mdt nua so vdi chuong trtnh cu Vi vdy, thiet nghT ddi mdi ndi dung chuong ttinh gido due Yj ludn chinh tri, trudc hit, phai xdy dung ndi dung chuong ttinh gido due ly ludn chiiih tri phu hpp vdi mue tidu gido due, phai cd linh khoa hpc vd dam bao tinh gido due todn didn Hai Id, xdy dimg npi dung chuong trinh gido due IJ ludn chiiih tti phai phu hpp vdi ddi tupng gido due nhu Ludt Gido due nude ta da xdc dinh: "Ndi dung gido due phai bao dam tinh co ban, todn didn, thi^ thuc, hien dai va ed he thdng Coi trpng gido due tu tudng va J thfle cdng ddn; bao tdn va phdt huy Iruyen thdng tdt dep, ban sde vdn hda ddn tdc, tilp thu tinh hoa vdn hda nhdn ioai; phfl hpp vdi sU phdt triln ve Idm sinh IJ Ifla tudi ngudi hpc"'^' VI ddi mdi phuang phap gido due IJ ludn chinh tri Tmdc ydu cdu cua thuc tidn chuyin sang phuang thflc dao tao tin chi thi tinh ttang ldp ddng Id kha phd biln Vi vdy, viec ndng eao chdt lu^g giang day ndi chung, giang day cde mdn LJ ludn - huat Gido due, Nxb CTQG, H 72 TAP CHi GIAO DVC LV LU^iN - s 217 (8/2014) chinh tti ndi ridng Id mdt thdch thflc rdt ldn De thuc su kich ihich, khoi day dupc tinh sang tao, say me cua sinh vidn hpc tdp IJ ludn chinh tri, ddi hdi cin quan tdm din phuong phdp giang day, tflng budc cai ti^n phuong phap day va hpc theo hut^g Men dai hod, cdn chuyin phuong phap "su pham ddc thoai, dp ddt va quyin uy" sang phuong phdp "su pliam ddi thoai vd ddn chu"'^' va chuyin tfl "vide truyin dat tiidng lin khoa hpc sang viec td chflc qua trinh nhdn Ihflc, giang day khdng chi Id cung cdp hoae "nhdi nhit" thdng tin ma la chi dao, hudng ddn sinh vien tu tim Ihdng tin mdi, md rdng ddo sdu tri thflc, tu minh hinh vd phdt triln ky ndng, ky xao cho minh"'^' phfl hc^ vdi tinh hinh mdi Mdn Thuc hien dupc dilu dd, ddi hdi cdc trudng dai hpc va cao ddng phai tang cudng td chflc hdi thao vl ddi mdi phuong phdp giang day, giang vien phai nhdn thflc rd vl viec cin thilt va chu ddng, sang tao, tich cue ddi mdi phuong phdp giang day, sfl dung linh hoat cac phuang phdp khde va tang eudng ung dung cdng nghe ihdng tin ttong day hoc cac mdn LJ ludn chinh tti nhdm khde phuc tinh don dieu nhdm chdn cfla mdn hpc ThA ba, ndng cao chdt luong dpi ngu can bd giang day d cdc Irudng dai hpc va cao ding trude ydu cdu mdi Nghi quylt Trung uong (khda X) da neu ro: "Tdng eudng dao tao, dao tao lai, ndng eao ttinh dd khoa hpc, ban ITnh chi'nh tri va pham chdt dao dtte cfla ddi ngu can bd nghien cflu, giang day cdc mdn khoa hpc Mac - Ixnin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh; chu trpng phdt hidn va boi dudng ddi ngu chuydn gia ddi vdi cdc chuydn nganh nghidn eflu, giang day IJ ludn""" Quan trpng hon nfla la edn chfl ttpng bdi dudng cho giang vien nhung kie'n thflc ca ban vl IJ ludn day hpc, vl phuong phdp day hpc phii hop vdi iinh hinh thuc liln hien Day Id mdt ndi dung then chdi Irong giao due IJ ludn chinh tri cho sinh vien Bcri vi chi uen co sd ndm vung nhflng phucmg phdp giang day, nhflng nguyen tic eo ban ttong giang day IJ Man chuih tri, giang vien mdi c6 the ttuyln dat din sinh vidn, ldm cho ho hilu sdu sdc ndi dung bdi giang vd cd nilm say md, hflng thu ttong hoc tdp Ddng th(ri, de bd sung cho viee giang day cua giang vien sinh ddng, hdp ddn thi viec lang cuong bdi duong vdn kjnfa nghiem thuc tiln cho giang vien cung la mdt vide lam edn thilt Vi ehi uen co sd CO vdn kinh nghiem thuc tiln phong (Afl, giang vidn mdi cd the ed dupc nhung bdi giang sinh ddng, hap ddn d^ vdi sinh vien Thu: tu, khuyen kMch sinh vidn tu hpc tu nghien cuu Day chinh la mdt ydu cau co ban ttong phuong phap giao due hien dai Bdi le, IJ ludn chinh tri la khoa hpc each mang Muc dich hpc dl van dung chfl khdng phai hoc 1J ludn vi ly ludn Dl sinh vien van dung nhung kien thflc da dupc hgc vao thuc tidn cupc sdng, ddi hdi hp phai chu ddng, lich cue tu giae hpc tdp Tu hpe, tu nghien cflu, mdt mat, giup sinh vidn ndm viing tri thflc, ky nang ky xao khdng ngflng ndng cao hieu qua va chdt lupng hpc tdp IJ luan chinh tri; mat khac giup suih vien hinh thdnh mim tin khoa hpc, ren luyen y chi phdn ddu, due tinh kien tri, nang luc phe phan bdi dudng long say me, thu ttong hpc tdp IJ ludn chinh tri vd cac mdn khoa hpc khac Tu hpc se giup sinh vien hinh thdnh tinh ddc lap ttong nghien eflu va ehu ddng hodn loan qua trinh hpc tdp CM ed tich cue, tu giae, chu ddng hpe tdp, sinh vien miS ed thl nim vung va hieu bilt mdt edeh sdu sic nhung vdii dl IJ ludn da hpc Lam dupc dilu mdt mat, sinh vien phai xdc dinh rd muc dich hpc tdp, xdy dung ddng CO hpc Idp dling din, cd kl hoach sdp xdp thdi gian hoc Idp va kien tri thuc hien kl hoach; mdt khde, giang vien bd mdn cdn chu ddng giao bai tdp vl nha cho sinh vidn hudng ddn sinh vien dpc tai beu va nghien eflu bai hpc trude ldn ldp Thif nam timg budc ddi mdi, hidn dai hda vl CO sd vat chdt nhdm ndng cao chdt lupng, hieu qua ttong cdng tac giao due IJ ludn chinh tri Qua ttinh giang day hpc tap cua giang vien va sinh vien du dupc tien hanh du^ bdt ky hinh ihflc ndo Cling deu duoc diln ttong nhiJng dilu kien vdt chdt nhdt dinh Ca sd vat chdt d ddy bao gdm toan bd co sd tdng vdi cae dilu kien vdt ehdt nhu phdng hpc, thu vien, nha an, edc ihilt bi, phuang lien may mdc phuc vu cho giang day hoc tdp sinh hoat Chinh vi vay, co sd vdt chdt cua nha ttudng cd anh hudng nhift dinh va Uen • Nguyin Cdnh Toan (Chu bien) Hoc ud day cach hqc, quan den td ehflc quan IJ cac qua trinh giang day, hpc tdp nghidn cflu khoa hpc sinh hoat cua Nxb Dm hoc sUpham H 2004 tr 26 - Luu Xu6n Mdi Ly ludn day hoc dai hgc Nxb Giao due giang vien va sinh vidn Vi vdy, hien dai hda co sd H 2000, tr 163 ^ -.r vai chdt, dilu kien giang day cac tnrdng dai hoc - Ddng Cdng sdn Vi^t Nam Van kien Hot nghi lan tha S vacao ddng Id mdi ydu cdu tdt ylu hien nay.EJ Ban CAdp hdnh Trung Uang khoa X Nxb CTQG H 2007 tr 48-49 TAP CHI GlAO DVC LY l U f N - S(5 217 (8/2014) 73 ... nha cho sinh vidn hudng ddn sinh vien dpc tai beu va nghien eflu bai hpc trude ldn ldp Thif nam timg budc ddi mdi, hidn dai hda vl CO sd vat chdt nhdm ndng cao chdt lupng, hieu qua ttong cdng tac... phdp giao due, dao tao phu hpp vdi dd''i tupng sinh vidn Trudc nhirng doi hoi cd''p bach cua thuc tiln, ddng thdi de ndng cao chat lupng day hpc cac mdn Ly ludn chmh tti cho khdi sinh vien khdng chuyen... phdp ludt cua Nhd nudc vao thue tidn hpc tdp va cdng tac sau nay; ddu tranh chdng cdc ludn dieu xuydn tae, nhflng tidu cue xa hdi Tfl dd, giup sinh vien cd mdt cdng cu nhdn thfle sde ben dl dinh