Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
HLi^^^^DAlHOC DONG T Tap chf Khoa hoc sd 26 (06 2017) XAY DUNG VA Sir DUNG BAI TAPTHU^C NGHIEM NHAM PHAT TRIEN NANG U r C THU^C HANH THI NGHIEM HOA HOC CHO SINH VIEN CV TRU''''O''''NG DAI HQC SU PHAM • Ly H[.]
HLi^^^^DAlHOC DONG T Tap chf Khoa hoc sd 26 (06-2017) XAY DUNG VA Sir DUNG BAI TAPTHU^C NGHIEM NHAM PHAT TRIEN NANG U r C THU^C HANH THI NGHIEM HOA HOC CHO SINH VIEN CV TRU'O'NG DAI HQC SU PHAM • Ly Huy Hoang", Cao Cu' Gia Tom tat ', Le Hai Oang'~ Su dung bdi lap thuc n; , , , ,, " ^''^''S nhung hien phdp hinh Ihdnh vd phdi inin ndng luc Ihuc hanh thi nghiem hoa hpc cho sinh vien Bdi bdo trinh bay cdu iriic ndng luc thuc hdnh thi nghiem f'0''f'OC.quyirinhxaydungvdgidithieumdlsdbdiidplhirengh.emtrongdayhochoeph^ Ihuc hanh phuong phap day hoe hoa hoc a inrdng dai hoc supham Tir khda-Bdudp thitc nghiem ndng luc thuc hdnh hoa hoe ihi nghmn hda hoc D?t van de nghiem nong day hoc hoc phan Tlii nahigm (TN) • ^ ' ° ' ^ ° ' ; f ^ ' " ( f ; ^ o hudng tiep can thuc hanh phuong phap day hpc (PPDH) hda hpc nang luc la phu hgp vo dinii huong dot mdi giao g.iip phat tnin nang lue THTN hda hoe eho SV Su due Nghi quyet Hgikhda nghiXIlan thii 8, pham Hoa hoc Ban Chapthong hanhcua Trung uong Dang "Chuyt Noi dung manh qud trinh tir chu yiu chi trang bi hen thire 2.1 T o n g quan ve nang lire va nang lye sang phdt tnen lodn dien ndng luc vd phdm chdt T H T N hoa hpc ciia ngudi hoc " [1] Theo chuan dau cua nganh Hign nay, nang luc cd nhilu dmh nghia khac Supham Hda hgcfliupcTruong Dai hoc Su pham Weinert (2001) dmh nghia "NUng luc Id Ha Npi [8], Truong Dai hgc Su pham Thanh phd nhirng khd ndng vd kixdo hoc duac hoac sdn co Ho Chi Minh [9], Trucmg Dai hoc Dong Thap [ 10], ciia cd the nhdm giai quyii cdc tinh hudng xac SV sau trucmg can dat cac ehuin nang luc dinh cung nhu su sdn sdng vi ddng ca xa hdi vd chung vii nang luc dac thii ciia nganh hoe Nang khd ndng van dung cdc each gidi quyit vdn di mdt luctiiuchanh thi nghigm (THTN) hda hoc la mdt edch cd irdeh nhiem vd hieu qua nhiing Iinh nhung nang luc dac tiiu can dugc phat tnen hudng linh hoal" [2j Theo Nguyin Cuong "Ndng cho SV nganh Hda hoc ndi chung va SV Su pham luc Id khd ndng thue hien cd hieu qua vd cd Irdch Hda hgc ndi neng d cac truong dai hgc De hinh nhiSm eac hdnh ddng, gidi quyet cdc nhiem vu, vdn va phat tngn nang luc nay, chimg ta cd the de thudc cdc ITnh vuc nghe nghiep xd hdi hay cd sii dung nhieu bien phap khac nhau, ma truoc hit nhdn nhiing tinh hudng khdc tren co giang vien (GV) can trang bi hg thong ben thitc sd hieu biel, ki ndng, kixdo vd hnh nghiem cung hgn quan den kl nang THTN giiip SV hieu dugc nhu su sdn sdng hdnh ddng " [4] ngigjen tac, muc ttgu, npi dung va phuong phap Tir vi?c nghien ciru cac dinh nghia ve nang THTN Bai tap (BT) tiiuc n^igm la mgt phuong Hgn higu qua cho viec hinh kien thiic lign lue, chiing tdi dua khai mem vl nang luc THTN quan din ki nang THTN cho SV, qua hinh tiianh hda hge nhu sau Nang luc THTN hda hpc la kha va phat tnen nang luc THTN hda hgc Hign nang SV ed the sir dung cac dung eu TN, hda chat viec nghien ciru vaxay dung dgng BT da dupe tien hanh TN hoa hoe an loan va cong, quan mpt so tac gia thuc hien, nhien he thdng BT sat, md ta hien tuong TN va xit li cae thong On cdn it, chua khai thac duoe cae ki nang THTN hda hen quan den TN de nit kgt luan can thiet phuc hpc mdt each hg thong va da dang Do do, vu cho bai day hoa hoe Nang luc THTN hda hpc bat bag nay, chimg tdi trinh bay cau triic nang luc gom bon fhanh to sau 1- Nang luc bao quan hoa quy trinh xay dung va gidi thigu mdt so BT thyc chit va dung cu TN an toan, chinh xae 2- Nang Ute Uen hanh TN; 3- Nang luc quan sat, md ta cae hien tuong TN va nit ket luan, 4- Nang luc xu '•'Nghien cuu sinh Tiuong Djihpc Sir phan ly thdng tin hen quan dgn TN '••' Truong Dai hgc Vuih Trgn CO sd ciia viec xac dinh cau triic nang lue '"'' Tniimg Dai hoc Su pham Ha N6i 29 TRUdNG DAI HOC DONG THAP T a p chi Khoa h o c s d (06-2017) THTN hda hge dac diem hgc phan T N tiiuc hanh PPDH hda hoc, chuong trinh Hda hoc Dai hpc S u pham, ehiing toi da xac dmh khung eac nang luc va bilu hien nhu sau B u * c Xac dmh dang BT se xay dung D u a theo eac to eiia nang lue THTN hoa hge GV xae dinh dang BT c i n xay dyng la' B T ve bag quan hda chat va dung eu TN an toan ehinh xac; BT vi Bans Cau trijc nang lire THTN boa hoc cua SV sir pham b6a hoc nang tien hanh TN, Bieu hien cnSu chi ilAnh ^ a ) Nang Ivc phan STT BT ve kl nang quan Hieu v4 dure liign diing npi quy quy lie an loan Bao quin lioa dial va 6\fag phong TN sat, md ta cae hien I cu TN an loan, cliinh xac Bietcachbaoquandungcu.hoacliatuongphongTN nrongTN.BTxitly thong tin lign quan Nhjn dang \ a lua chpn dupe dung eu, twa chat can denTN thiet de lam TN Lip cac bo dung cu cin thiet cho timg TN, hicu dupe N g o a i can lac dung cua linig bg phan, bicl phan tich su dimg sai Ticn lianh TN x a c d m h BT xay Uong each lip dung cy TN dung theo hinh thuc Su dyng Ihanh thgo cac dung cu- hoa ehal TN nao (trie nghiem hay TienhanhdunequytrinhTN,TNantaan.thanhc6ng tuliian),ddE^ chung Biet cach quan sat, nhan dupe cac hign lupng TN Quan sat, mo ti cae hign tdi chii yeu thiet ke Mo ta chinli \ac cac hign tuong TN, rut dupe tupng TN va rut kel luan theo hinh thire Iric kelluan nghiem khach quan Biel (an dyng nqi dung ly Ihuyel giai thich cac hign ' Xu ly thong tin lien quan tupng TN nipt cach khoa hoc denTN 10 Phan tich va xu li ket qua Ihuc nghigm cua mot so TN dtnli lupng 2.2 Quy t r i n h xay dirng B T T H T N hoa hi BT T H T N la nhiing BT co hgn quan din ling THTN (de cap den b e n thue ve kl nang T H T N SV) Trong khudn k h i bai vilt nay, chiing tdi chi d l cap den nhung BT ve kiln thirc hen quan din nhimg ki nang tiiuc hanh hda hoc thugc hoe phan TN tiiuc hanh PPDH hda hgc De xay dimg BT thuc nghiem can dua tren cac tieu chi danh gia vg nang luc THTN hda hgc Cu the, quy trinh xay dung BT thuc nghiem nhu sau Bii«'c Xac dinh myc lieu va ngi dung Bu-dc , Xac dinh dii kien, yeu cau ciia d l bai va viei ngi dung BT Tir kien thirc thudc cac k i n a n g thuc hanh hen hanh xac dmh thdng tin can cung cap (con goi la 8'^ **'">'f^ ^^y "^ ^^ biet)_vatiidng hn cSn hoi (con goi la k i t luan hay c L) va Viet m ^'^^ ^"l" ^ ' 1^^ ' ' ^ S BT can luu y Vol cac B T cung cap thdng tin hinh ve, cac hinh anh can dam bao ehinh xac ve mat khoa hpc (trir nhimg trucmg hgp d l bai chii y vS sai de kiem Ua SV) va tiiam mi - Khi xay d u n g BT trac nghiem can luuy dua eac p h u o n g an nhieu hop li Muc ngu eiia viee xay dung BT tiiuc nghiem - Npi dung B T can dien dat ngan gon, dehieu, la trang bi va danh gia nhiing kiln thirc quan flung cau triic ngir phap din kinang THTN Ngoai ra, BT tiiuc nghigm B u d c Thii nghiem va chinh siia giiip SV eiuig cd, van dung kiln thire da hgc vao 2.3 Vi du m i n h hoa giang day hoc smh phd thdng * Xdy dung BT ihuc nghiem a bdi "Cdc W Ve ndi dung BT d day can hieu laxae dmh cac halogen " irong hoc phdn TN ihirc hdnh PPDH kien thiie lien quan den kl nang thuc hanh ein Irang hda hoi bl va danh gia SV to chue day hgc hoc phan TN Buwe Xae dmh muc fleu va ngi dung thue hanh PPDH hda hoc Cac BT xay dung xuit MueUgu XaydungeaeBTthuenghiemnhJm phat tir nhung TN cu till co hoc phan, dua trang bi k i l n thitc hgn quan d i n ki nang THTN tren nhiing bieu hign cua nang luc T H T N hda hgc thdng qua not dung bai "Cac T N v l halogen" can trang hi cho SV su pham hoa hgc Ngi dung X u i l phat tir mgt so TN ed 30 TRUCJNGDAl HOC DONG THAP bai hoc nhu TN dieu ehe elo phdng TN, tac dung vdi kim loai, dilu ehi va thii tinh tan eiia HCl xae dinh duoc cae kiln thitc vl ki nang thuc hanh Buwc Xac d]nh dang bai se xay dung Vdi TN dilu chl phong TN Tii each thuc hign TN co die xac dmh mdt so kiln thuc cd thi khai tiiac my dung BT THTN dang BT ve kT nang tien hanh TN (lua chgn hda chat can thigt delamTN,TNan toan, cdng, Uen hanh diing quy trinh TN ) Buwc Viet npi dung BT Bai Hon hgp hoa chat dimg dg dieu che elo phong TN cd the la 1), Hdn hgp HCl,j, + MnO, 2) Hdn hpp HNO, + NaCl,^,^ + KMnO^ 3) Hgn hop HCl^^^ + KMnO^ 4) Hon hop H,SO,,„ + NaCI,„, + K,Crp, 5) Hdn hgp HC!„, + CaOCI, 6) HdnhgpH^SOj^^+NaCl'i^j-i-MnOj A 1,3,4, B 1,2,4, C 1,4,5,6 D 1.3,5,6 Bai Xac dmh thii tu hop li eactiiaotac TN"i±luchgkhi elo" va danh so thit tu I, 2, vao n tuong iing vdi cac thao tac dudi day n Liy gia sit, liy bmh cau va lap vao gia D Lip phlu brom va cam vao binh cau, cho mpt it dung dieh HCI^^j vap phlu brpm D Cho vao binh cau mdt lugng nhd BCMnO^ D Md phlu brgm cho tir tir HCl,j, nhd vao binh cau D Tiln hanh dimg den cdn dun binh cau cd chira hdn hgp HCi,jj va KMnO^ D Tiln hanh lip cac binh nia va thu khi, lan lugt la dung dich NaCl, dung dich H^SO^j^^, day mieng binh thu bing bong tam dung dieh NaOH Bai Trong phdng TN giao vigntiiudngdigu chl CI, til MnO, vii HCl dac De thu duoc CI saeh va khd, cin din thu duoc di qua cae binh riia (A) va (B) nhu hinh sau Hay cho bilt binh (A) va (B) dung chat nao eac chat sau day'' Tap chl Khoa hoc so 26 (06-2017) Hinh 1.TN dieu chu trung iihdngTN A Binh (A) dung dung dich H,SOj dac va binh (B) dung dung dich NaCl B Binh (A) dung dung dich H,SO, dac va binh (B) dung dung dich Ca(OH), C Binh (A) dyng dung dich NaCl bao hoa vii binh (B) dirng dung dich H,SO^ dac, D Binh (A) dung dung dieh H.SO^ dac va binh (B) dung dung dich KMnO^ * Mdi sd BT thuc nghiem da xdy dung Dang I BTve bao quan hoa chdt vddungcu TNantodn chinh xdc Bai Khi hIn hanh TN bieu dien ein tiiuc hign trudc de kiem tra cdng eiia TN, dac bigt la cac hda chit dl lau cin tuu y sit dyng bing kinh nghiem ehimg ta cd ihl quan sat duoe mau sic cua cae chat da bi bien doi A Phenol B Anilin B HNO, C CaA,B,C Dang Bdi lap ve kinang liin hdnh TN Bai Mot SV tiln hanh TN dieu chl HCl phdng TN nhu hinh vg sau Hinh Z TN dieu che hidroclonia Hoa chat uong hinh ve tren lan luot la A Dung dieh H,SO„j,, NaCl (tinhtiie),bong n AgNO, TRUClNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc sd 26 (Q6-2017) 4) Phan img c a Na vdi rupu etylic xay ta em dm 5) Na tac dung vdi nude v a ruou etylic hign tupng TN xay deu giong 6) Phan img Na vdi nude dS gay chay, no Cac phat bieu dung la A 1,2,4,6 B 2.3,4,6 C 2, 3,5,6 D 1,3,4,5 Bai Khi cimg thuc hign TN dun nong hnh thi NH^Cl va tinh thi I^ Sau quan sat hign tupng hgc sinh co phat bieu: 1) Hign tuong ciia TN dIu gpi la si; thang hoa 2) Hien luong xay TN deu giong nhauvl hign tugng 3) Hign tuong nhiet phan muoi la hign tuong hda hoe, hien tuong dun ndng tinhtiieI, la hign tuong vat iy 4) Hien tuong ciia TN deu cd ban chat giong Cac phat bieu dung la A 1,2,3 B, 2,3 C 2,3,4 D 1,3 Dang BTxirly thdng tin lien quan den W Bai Kill tien hanh TN dot chay etilen tiong khdng Vi khdng thi dot true tiep etilen hj binh dieu ehg khong can Menh d^ Mcnh dc dan qua binh loc khi'' Dung d)eh thuoc tim nhat mail dan A Dung dich nuoc Br, A Cd luong CO; Mau nau cua dung dich doi sang mau B Dung dieh 1, xanhnhal lin CjH^ lam cho C Dung dicli Feci, Mau vang nau nhat dan va mat mau qua trinh chay dimg lai D DungdjcliKMnOJoangva Mautimeuadungdiehnhatdanvamatmau B Cd hoi nude lln \aigiotH,SO, ioang Dungdichkh6ngmaubivSnducniau\ang CJi, lam cho qua E Dungd)ChK.Cr,0_loang\a Dung dich co mau da cam chuyen sang trinh chay cham lai \ gipt H,SO, loang mau xanh lye Dung dich khong mau chuyen sang mau C Cd lin hoi ancol F Dung diCh H,S vang nhat etyhe (chat dl chay) thoai eiing vdi etilen lam Bai Cac phat bilu md ta cho TN cuaNa vdi cho qua trinh chay manh hon nude va rugu etylic D Cd lugng SO, lln trgng C^H^ lam 1) Na cudn Iron va chay tren be mat TN eho qua trinh chay dimg lai vdi nude va rugu etylic Bai Hai nhom hpc smh lam TN nghien 2) Na cupn trdn va chay tren be mat TN vdi nude, phan img long dung dich rugu ciru tSe dg phan iing kem tan dung dieh axit elohidnc etyhe Nhdm I Can mieng kem I g va cho vao coc 3) cin phai lam khan rugu etylic trudc dung 200 ml dung dich axit HCl M cho TN vdi Na B Dung dieh H.SO,,,, CaOCl,, bong tam NaOH C Dung dieh H.SO^^, NaCl (tmhtiie),bong lam NaOH D Dung dieh H^SO^,,,, NaCl, bong tam AgNOj Bai Trong gid THTN PPDH hda hge, mgt SV phat bigu luu y tiln hanh TN dilu ehg HCl phong TN Theo em nhirng phat bieu nao la diing'' ^ 1) Axit H,SO^ phai dam dac, muoi khong biam 2) Cac dung cu dilu chl va thu khdng can thigt phai khd 3) Khi thoatratiulueo ihldunnongnhp hoac cho them axil H,SO^ dae 4) Mu6n eho HCl thoat ta nhanh, manh can cho H,SO^ nhanh chay vao binh ciu 5) Khi ngimgtiiu,thao dng dan va gan vao coc dung bong tam dung dich NaOH loang de kbit HCl du A 1,3,4 B 1,2.3,5 C 1,3,5 D 1,2.5 Dang BT vi h ndng quan sal, md id cdc hen luang TN Bai Ghep hai menh de mo la hien tuong xay cae TN sue tir tir SO, vao cac dung di ch I ^ ^ ? ^ : i ^ D A I HOC DONG THAP T a p chi Khoa h g c sd 26 (06-2017) ^oni2:CanIgbdtkemvatiiavaocoedung 300 ml dung dich axit HCl M Kgt qua cho thay bpt tiioaf d T N cua n h o m manh hon lii A N h d m dimg axit it hon B Dign tich b l m a t b g t kem lgn hgn C So luong kem b d t n h i e u hon, D N h d m dimg nhieu axit hon, 2.4 S u ' d u u g B T T N t r o n g d a y h^c hoc p h a n TN thirc h a n h P P D H h d a hoc Tren co sd cac cau hdi da thiet ke chiing tdi sii dung k i l m tra danh gia SV theo nhiing phuong an sau: Phuong dn P six dung kiem tra su chuan bi ciia SV cho cac budi t h u c hanh (dang I) Chiing tdi lua chgn nhiing cau hdi ve ki n a n g sii dung dung eu TN, kT nang sir dung hda chat va kT nang tien hanh cac T N bai dap an va SV tu cham diem lin Phuong dn sit dung kiem tra sau kit thiie hoc p h i n Chimg toi xay dung de kiem tra cd 50 cau hdi dg danh gia d i y du eac kien tfiiic v l kJ nang tiiuc hanh T N ciia SV hgc tap hoe phan T N t h u c bmh P P D H hda hgc, vdi diy du cac kT nang h-gn b i n g hmh tiiiic trie nghiem khach quan, duoc thilt kg b i n g phan m I m iSpnng QuizMaker SV lam bai kiem tra tren phong may Hnh, time hien khoang thdi gian 60 phiit N h u vay khoang thdi gian n g i n chimg ta co the kilm tra d u o c kien tiiiic ve cac ki nang tiiuc hanh T N eiia SV frong loan bg hpc phan K i t qua bai th: duge danh gia khach quan, chinh xac, u l t kiem tiicn gian 2.5 Ket q u a thii'c nghiem sir p h a m D e danh gia dupe higu qua ciia vigc su dung BT tiiuc nghiem n h i m phat t n i n nang lue THTN hda hpc, GV sii dung bang kiem quan sat n o n g qua trinh td ehue day hoc B a n g kiem quan sat Phuong dn sit dung kiem tra danh gia k i t qua cuo! buoi t h u c hanh (dang 2, dang va dang giup quan sat co chii dieh cae tieu chi ciia 4), Danh gia k i t qua tien hanh T N , giiip SV ren ki luc T H T N hoa hoc thdng qua cae boat dpng hpc nang qua moi buoi thuc hanh, chimg toi thuc hien tap cua SV, tu danh gia duoc kiln thiic, kTnang, Tao phieu k i e m tra k h o a n g 10 phut bag gdm cac n a n g l u c T H T N h o a h g c t h e g m u c t i e u ciia bai hpc cau hdi lien quan den cac k i n a n g ihuc hien T N an B a n g kiem quan sat cac tieu chi danh gia nang toan, cdng, quan sat, md ta TN, kT nang giai luc T H T N hda hgc td chiie day hoe hpc phan thich hign t u p n g T N su dung T N vao bai day hda T N thuc hanh PPDH hda hoe ed su dung BT thuc hoc Smh vien ttk Idi p h i l u k i l m tra G V eong bo nghiem duge thiet k l nhu Bang Bang Bang Idem quan siit cac tilu chi d^nh gi£ nang lire THTN hoa hoc tmng day hgc phin TN ibirc hAnh PPDH hoa hue (Diing clio giang vidn ddnh gid SIO Doi t u o n g quan sat Ldp Truong Qui udc Muc I chua dai (0-4 diim) mire dat (5-6 diim) mice idl (7-8 diim) mice rdt lot (9-10 diim) Nh^n Tieu chi t h i hign nang luc THTN hoa hoc cua SV Su Miic phat triln/ diem dat duoc TT pham Hoa hi^c M i i c l Mire Muc Mirc4 Hieu va thuc hign diing npi quy, quy tac an loan phong TN Biet cSch sit dimg va bao quan dung cy hoa chat Nhan dang v4 iya chon dupe dung cu- hoa ehal can duet LSp cae bg dyng cu can Ihiel eho timg TN hieu dupe tac dung cua rimg bp phgn, biet phan lieh su dung sai Irong Su dung thao cac dung cu, hoa chat TN Tien hanli diing quy trinh TN, TN an loan, IhMi cong Ouan sat, nhgn dupe cac hign lupng TN Tgp chi Khoa hoc sd 26 (06-2017) T R U O N G DAI HOC DONG THAP s Mo ta chinh xac eac higntupng TN, rill la dupe ket luan Van dung ngi dung ]\ thme! giai ttiich cac hign lupng TN mot cSch khoa hoc 10 Phan tieh va xu h ket qua thiic nghigm cua mpt s6 TN dinh lupng Tong diem Bang3 MiTcdociia nang lire THTN boa hpc doi vdi SV sir pham h6a bpc Nang lire phan Su dung TN an Ti^nhanhTN Quan sat mo i^cSchign tupng TN va nit ket lugn Mirc d6 phdt trign Mlicl Chua thuc hign ngi qm quy tic an toan phong TN M6i:2 Mue Muc Thuc hign diing mgt so Thuc hign dung n6 Thuc hign ral tot n&i ngiqin qu> lac an loan qu> qu^ tae an toan quy, quy t i c an t o ^ phong TN phong TN phong TN Siet EU dung va bdo Chua biei su dung \i quin nhung dung cu bao q u ^ dung cu, hoa hoa chai don gian chflt uong phong TN phong TN Hieu nguyen tae sir dung va bign phap bao quan mgi s6 dung cu, hoa chit uong phong TN SU dung thao va hieu ro bign phap b§o q u ^ cSc dung cu, hoa chat phdng 174 Khong lua chpn dupe Lira chon sai mgt so Lua chgn diing dung Sang tao vigc lua dung c(L hoa chat can dpng eu, hoa chat can cu hoa chit e i n thiet chon dung cu hoa clat duel cho TN thict cho TN choTN cinthielchoTN Lip diing cdc bg dung Lip dung eac ho diing Lap dung cac bg dung cu c i n Ihict cho tirng cu c i n thict cho rimg cu can Ihiet cho tiing Khong lip dupe hoSc TN, chua hicu dupe TN, hieu dupe lac dung TN, hieu dupe lie dimg lip sai cac bo dung cu tac dung ciia mpl so bp cua mpl so bg phgn, biel eiia tung bg phan, biet cin thiel cho TN phgn chua biel phan ptian tich su tiling sai phan lich su diing sai tich su diing sai trong each lip trgng each lip each lap Khong CO kh^ nang sir Su dung thao cac SU dung rat than Bicl su dung cac dung dung cac dung cu, hiia dung cu h6a ehal can c^c dung cu, hda chat CO, hoa ehat cin cho TN chii can cho TN choTN can cho TN Tign lianh TN an loan, Ticn hanh TN an Tien hiuih TN an loan, Gan nhu khong co khS sai quv trinh TN, nliung loan, diing quy trinh, qu>' trinh i6 lang, nang nen hanh TN cong cong eong, k^t quj dl quans^ Bicl phuong phap Co phuong phap quan Khong phat hignia hien quan sal, nhgn chua ro Nhan lO cac liign lugng sat, nhan iS va diy nrpngTN TN nhung ehua day du hign tugng TN dii cac hign tugng TN Khong mo 1^ dupe hign Mo la day dii cac hign Mo la day dii cae hign Mo la chinh xac cac hi^o tupng TN, khong nit la hrpng TN, chua nit rupng TN, rut dugc lupng TN, nil dugc dupe ket iuan dupe kel luan tit TN kclluan Khong biel van dung ly Van dung ly Ihuyel g i ^ Van dung ly thuyet gi4i Viin dung Iy thuyet giii tiiuyeide giai thich eac Ihieh cac hign lupng thich dupe cac hign ihich cdc hign lirgng lupng, nhung diln dat TN mgt each khoa hoc hign nrpng TN chua diy dii chita luu loat Xiily Ihong lin lien quan SV CO the phan lich Khong eo kha nang dgnTN va xir li ket qua thuc Biel phan Uch vaxil-li Phan lich va xii li phSn lich va xu li ket nghigm ciia mgi s6 TN kel quA thuc nghigm thdiih Uiao kel qui dmc qua ihiic nghigm ciia djnh lupng co su eua moi so TN dinh nghigm ciia mgl so TN mgi so TN (t)nh lupng irp fillip cila ban be, lugng l)nh lupng cuaGV ™ ^ j G DAI HQC B N G THAP Tgp chf Khoa hoc sd 26 (06-2017) Chiuigioi datienhanh thircrjjt-.igmsupham ngaunhien GiatnESehofliay ketquathucnghiem vdi ba phuong an su dung BT thuc n ^ g m da dl dat miic anh hudng rit Ion xuat vdi ddi tuong la SV nam thii tu d Trudng D^ Ket luan hoc Dong Thap (long so SV thuc nghigm la 41, sd Viec xay dung va sii dung BT thue nghigm SVdoi chiing la 39), nong nam hgc 2015 -2016 day hgc hoc phin TN tiipc hanh PPDH hoa vaiiamhgc2016-2017{hocky 1} hgc lamgttrongnhiingbign phap higu qua va thuan Ket qua digm sd thu dupe duoc quy d6i d bdn loi cho viec hinh thanh, phat tnen nang luc THTN miic (til muc dgn miic tuong img tir dilm din hda hoc cho SV Khi xay dung BT dang can diem theo Bang va Bang 3) Cac gia tn tham sd duatren ciu tnjc cae bilu hign eiianangiucTHTN Ifaong ke bang phan mem Excel theo phuong phap hda hge Kit qua thuc nghiem qua bang kiem quan thong ke n^ien cihi khoa hgc Su pham img sat eua giang vien cho thiy rang vigc sii dung BT dung [3], thu dugc tgng diem trung binh ciia ldp ddi thuc nghigm day hpc hgc phin TN thyc hiinh chimg la29,l 8, ldp thuc nghiem la 31,00 Gia tn p PPDH hda hoc Ss ed nhieu tac dgng tich cue, lam cua phep kiem dinh t-test = 0,001047 < 0,05 Mvic thay doi nhan thiie, phat trien nang luc THTN hda dd anh hudng ES bang 1,406 Su chenh lech vl gia hoc ciia SV Chiing toi dang hoan thien bo hg thong tri trungbinh diem so giiia hai idp thuc nghigm va BT va dua vao ngan hang can hdi de to chiic kiem doi chimg eua viec sil dung BT thuc nghiem vao tra danh gia SV tham gia hgc hgc phan TN thuc phat tnen nang lue THTN hda hgc khdng phai hanh PPDH hda hgc / Tai lieu tham khao [1] Ban Chip hanh Trung uong Dang Cdng san Vict Nam (2013), Nghi quyilHdi nghi Trung uong KhdaXIve ddi mdi can bdn, lodn diSn gido due vd ddo tao Ha Npi [2] Bemd Meier, Nguyen Van Cudng {2014), Li ludn day hoc hien dai - ea sd ddi mdi muc lieu, n dung vd phuong phdp day hoc, NXB Dai hge Su pham [3] Bd Giao due va Dao tao - Du an Viet Bi (2010), Nghien ciru khoa hoc Supham img dung, NXB Dai hoc Su pham [4] Nguyen Cuong (2007), Phuong phdp day hoe hda hoc a irudng phd Ihong vd dai hoc Mdi sd vd di cabdn, NXB Giao due [5] Nguyen Cuong (Chu bicn) va nhom tae gia (2007), Thi nghiem ihuc hdnh phuong phdp day hoc hda hoe, NXB Dai hoc Su pham 16] Cao Cu Giac (2009), Thdt ki vd sir dung bdi ldp thuc nghiem day vd hoc hoa hoc, NXB Giao due [7] Cao Cu Giac (Chu bien) - U Van Nam - U Danh Binh -Nguyen Thi Bich Hien (2015), Giao Irinli Ihi nghi&m thue hdnh phuong phdp day hoc hda hoc, NXB Dai hoc Vinh [8] Tnrdng Dai hoe Su pham Ha Ngi Chuan diu nganh Su pham Hda hpc, http//hnue edu vn/Daotao/ Chuandaura/DatiiocvaCaodang/t3bid/423/Stdld/18/Dcfaultaspx, „ , ^ „ -, [9] Tmdng Dai hoe Su pham Tbanh phi Hi Chi Minh, Chudn ddu nganh Supham Hoa hoc https // dnve.googleeom/filc/d/0Bx|Vf2m-fbPQenE3Y3hJTV9FRma/ [10] Tnrdng Dai hgc Ddng TTiap, Chudn ddu nganh Supham Hda hpc, http //dtiiu.edu vn/detmls aspx?id=4l&la^TTi&pa=80 DESIGNING AND USING EXPERIMENTAL EXERCISES TO = ™ ' f TU^iJ^SCHEMISTRY EXPERIMENTAL COMPETENCE AT PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITIES Summary Dsin expenmental exorasts „ one oflie , a , s in fonn.ng m,d dtvelopmg studcntsshmm «penm=nt i^ g '^rolevM e^nases m teaehmg _ L - ^"mpetence, process ofmethods designing md p^^ rSm the modnle of Expenmemng ehem.str,them.tmenon at oedaeoBical universities Kej^voids expenmental Ke\^vords experunental exercises, chemistry cnemisiry expenmental expenmenuu cotnp^ence, i.oiiipcitin,>„ chcmist^^expenments -~r Ngdyni f^Jnynhdnbdi 30/12/2016 Ngdy nhdn lai 14/3/2017 Ngdy duyil ddng 07'6/2017 ... Lira chon sai mgt so Lua chgn diing dung Sang tao vigc lua dung c(L hoa chat can dpng eu, hoa chat can cu hoa chit e i n thiet chon dung cu hoa clat duel cho TN thict cho TN choTN cinthielchoTN... dung cac dung cu, hiia dung cu h6a ehal can c^c dung cu, hda chat CO, hoa ehat cin cho TN chii can cho TN choTN can cho TN Tign lianh TN an loan, Ticn hanh TN an Tien hiuih TN an loan, Gan nhu khong... diing cdc bg dung Lip dung eac ho diing Lap dung cac bg dung cu c i n Ihict cho tirng cu c i n thict cho rimg cu can Ihiet cho tiing Khong lip dupe hoSc TN, chua hicu dupe TN, hieu dupe lac dung