m i N G NHAN THUI; CUA GIANG VliNVlRtNlUYfNKlNJlNGMKfBlll H i I U I J I Y E I K i TAU CHU SINH VIEN NGANH GIAO HUC nlu HUC ThS, P H A M VAN HAI'''' Abstract Constructive Study has been considered the str[.]
m i N G NHAN THUI; CUA GIANG VliNVlRtNlUYfNKlNJlNGMKfBlll Hi I U IJIYEI K i TAU CHU SINH VIEN NGANH GIAO HUC nlu HUC ThS, PHAM VAN HAI' Abstract: Constructive Study has been considered the strategic orientation of changing teaching method Teaching in constructism theory mean the teacher firstly designed the lectures by conslmclive way ivhich helps students study constructively According to this theory, the teacher need to aware fully of constructism theory and designing lecture folloiv constructism theory Based on that they can organize to practise designing skills for students In fact, the research on lecturers ofprimaj education faculty who participated in training course had good awareness of constructive study tstA constructism theory They can point out the elements of each lecture; they knew how to design lectures followed the constructism theory for students of primary education This is the importm thing to develop the program of training skills of designing lectures follow constructism theory for students of primary education Keywords: Lectures follow constructism theory, skills of designing lectures follow constructism theory, training skills of designing lectures follow constructism theory D aconhieu nghien cijuveren luyen ItTnang supham dao tao giao Vien.Trong sonhutig l(Tnang day hpc, hau het nhiing nghien cOfu deu thua nhan sir can thiet cua ki nang thiet ke day hoc Tuy nhien, noi dung CLI theva chien Iuoc hay bien phap ren luyen hoac dao tao kinang trucfng sir pham lai chua dugc nghien cuu daydu, Lau mpi nguoi chi quan niem don gian la viec "tap si/' bien soan giao an cua sinh vien (SV) thi/c hanh, tht/c tap su pham Vi vay, ren luyen kl nang thiet ke day hpc ma cu the la thiet ke bai hpc cung la van de 11 luan can duoc phat trien sau s^c hon, Ve thuc tiln cung nhu ve li luan, hpc tap kien tao gan day dupc quan tam nghien cuu, dugc xem nhu mpttrong nhung phuong huong chien luge cija doi mcfi phuong phap day hpc Van de hpc tap kien tao tiieo triet li hay chien luge hpc tap da dugc de cap ratnhieu cong trinh nghien ct/u giao diic.tUkhia canh nen tangcho den nhung kh ia canh kTtiiuat frong cac mon hpc vacap hpc cutiie.Deday ngudi hpc tien hanh hpc tap theo c]uan diem kien tao, qua trinh day hgc phai dugc thiet ke va thuc hien mot each thich hgp Do do, day hpc tiieo quan diem kien tao, nhiem vij cua nha giao laphai tiiiet ke'cac bai hpc kien tao giup ngucri hpc cothe hoc tap kien tao Muon vay, truoc het, giang vien (GV) can nhan tiiiJc day du ve bai hpc ttieo li thuyet kien tao va thiet kebai hpc theo li ttiuyetkientaoptrencosodomcfi CO khanang tochu'c ren luyen cac kTnang thiet ke cho SV.Trong khido, 261 Tgp chi Gido dye so 379 giao vien hieu nhuthenao ve tiiiet kebai hoc kien t ^ i dtieu hpc la van de it dugc nghien CIXJ Bairn I gop phan lam sang to thuc trang nhan thu'c cua G V ve bai hpc ttieo li thuyet kien tao va ren luyen ki nang thiet ke bai hpc ttieo li thuyet kien tao cho SV nganh Giao due tieu hpc Nghien ci>u dugc tilijc hien vao tiiang 3/2015 tren mau khach the la 107 G V cac trudng dai hgc co tham gia dao tao giao vien nganh Giao dye tieu hpc, gom: Trudng Dai hoc Thij Ha Npi, Trudng Dal hoc SK pham Ha Ngi, Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi 2, TnJoJig Daihpc Supham-Daihpc ThaiNguyenJrudng fiai hpc Hai Phong, Trudng b a i hpc Hung Vuong Phuang phap nghien cijru chu yeu la dIeutiB b^ng bang hoi, quan sat, phong van eac GV ttiam gia nghien cuu Nhan thuc cua GV ve hgc tap kien tao Van de dat dau tien la GV eac trudng di/» • nghien cijti quan niem nhuthenao ve hpc t?p^kieii tao.Oelamsangtovandenay.chungtoltimhi&uliai khia canh: l.i Quan niem cua GV vehgc tip Men tao (bang 1) Ket qua thong ke a bang eho thay,phan I6n G i dugc hdi(64,49%)c6 nhan thuc dungvehpc tap l # tao, d6 la kieu hpc tap ngudi hpc d i ^ vaovl kien thtic vakinh nghiem cua ban ttian detu tao di^ * Dang liy kh6i cac tnAling fiai bgc (kil-4l20m_ Bang Quan niem cua G V vehgc tap kien tao So ni§ Quan niEm ciia GV v£ iioc tap kiln tao Ket quathongke d d a n ^ ^ c h o thay, G V d a n h | n dien dugc kha day du ve cac dac trung co ban cua hgc tap kien tao (tat ca cac dac trung deu co sd'GV lua li ciiiSn lifdng hoc tap 06 Q& cao iioat chgn xap xitCr 60-90%) iJ6ng GV cung cip, trang bi kiSn tfiilc cho ngi/fli 2,80 Nhu vay, cd the tiiay, GV dugc khao sat da co hQC U kilu hQC tap chu d5ng, mang tinh chM fim nhan thi/c tuong dd'i day dij ve ii thuyet kien tao, hpc tOi, phat hlgn va giai quyet van de hodc tich luy va 12 11,21 tap kientao Nhieu GVdacdnhUng hieu biet kha sau phMtnIn gia tn ciJa ngucli hoc sac ve li tliuyet day hpc Day dugc xem la mpt Igi 3, Ul kilu hoc tSp fjg cao tinh tich cUc, chu cTong 17 15,89 the Idn de trien khai cac bien phap ren luyen kTnang cOa ngi/fll hoc tronq fim ki^m va khSm pha tri thiJc li kilu hoc tap Uong 66 ngi/fii hoc di/a vSo von thiet kebai hpc kien tao cho SV supham nganh Giao kien thilc va kinh nghiam ciia ban than de tu tao 69 64.49 diic tieu hgc dUng tri thilc mdi Nhan thuc ciia G V ve d a n vj bai hgc 5, y IciSn Idiac 5,61 Degitjp SV hieu the nao la bai hgc, trudc het GV tri thuc md^ Sd'GV lai (tren 27%) dong nhat hpc phaied nhan thiJc dung ve bai hpc, Ke't qua khao satd tap kien tao vcA cac kieu hgc tap tich ciJc, hpetap theo 6anp5gitjplam sang to dieu hudng tim toi, phat hien, giai quyet van de Mac dt) Bang Quan niem cua G V vedan vi bai hoc nhung GV chua xac dinh duge diem tiien chot, Tlie Quan niim ve ddn vi bai hgc tinh dpc dao lam nen dac trun^ cua kieu hpc tap kien iLftInq tao, nhung nhin chung hp van co quan niem ring: 1^ mgt hinh thu'c day hoc va no dUOc phan biet vdl cac hinhttiUCday hoc khac nhU: tham quan, thUc 11 10,28 kieu hpc tap kiai tao ttiupcl ktftn nghidm =• IhSt b?l => thich nghi =• tn 58 thac mdi day hpc Nhung hieu biet cdtinh chat nen tang tren Trf thilc la sin p h ^ cua ngifdl va ddde t^o ca 82,24 day cija GV ve cac van de cd lien quan tdi de tai BB vJ mat xa hOi va van hda nghien cUu se la nhung dieu kien quan trgng dam cac tuong tac xa hdi iam smh Id thOc d moi ca 82 76.64 nhan naudl hoc bao eho suthanh cdng viec trien khai ren luyen kT NgUdi hoc ludn dUa vao von hieu bl^t da cd de xay B5,05 91 nang thiet ke bai hpe cho SV theo li thuyet kie'n tao lUdng % % % dtmo nin tri fliilc mdi cho ban thin (kil-412016) Tap chi Gido due so 379 27 Nhan th lie c u a G V v e cac kinangthiet kebai hpc kien tao va ren luyen kTnang thiet kc'bai hgc theo kien tao cho SV nganh Giao due tieu hoc 3.1 Nhan thirc cua G V vecac kinang thletke bai hgc kim tao [bang 4} Bang Nhan thik cua G V vecac kinang thiet kebai hoc kien tao Cac kl nang Suit ka bai hoc lain tao So iL/dng Tiig 61 57,D1 57 53,27 94 87,85 84 78,50 56 52,34 5,61 Phan fich bai hoc d l tim nhung noi dung tam cd Bil to chiJc hoc tap kiln tao 2, Phan h'ch dac (film nhan thifc va hoc tap cua ngUdi hoc Thi^t ke cac hoat dong hgc tSp Sm loi, phat hien cho ngUfli hoc 4, Thi^t k^ phuong phap hUdng din, trd giiip cila GV 5, Thiel ke moifrUCnqhoc tap cua ngudi hoc cac ki nSng khac De danh gia nhan ttitJccijaGV vecac kinang thiet ke bai hgc kien tao, chtJng tdi da dua mgt he thong cac kT nang lien quan true tiep tdi hoat dgng thiet kebai hgc theo li thuyet kien tao Ket qua dieu tra cho thay, GV da nhan dien dugc tuong dd'i day diJ cac kTnang thiet yeu de thiet ke bai hpc kien tao Trong do, hai kT nang cd tinh chat eong cu la Ki nang thietke cic hoat dong hgc tap tim toi, phathien cho hgc sinhva Kinang tiietke phuang phap hudng din, irggiup ct/a Gl/dugc hau het GV nhan dien Ket qua khac xa so vdi ketqua khao sattrenSV, dieu cd nghTa G V da nim b i t dugc kha day diJ vecosdlithuyetcija kTnang thiet kebaihgc kien tao cho SV Van de la tochiic ren luyen cac kTnang cho SV nhuthenao? 3.2 Nhan thirc cua GV ve phuang thiic ren luyen kinang thiet kebai hgc cho SV [bang 5) Bangs NhSn thuc cua GV vecac phuemg thirc ren luyen kTnang thiet kebai hgc cho S V PhUdng thUc rgn iuySn ki nang thiet ke bai hoc choSV So lUdng Ttie 1, Thflng qua day hoc cSc mon hoc vl phuong phap day hoc 42 39,25 Thdng qua hoat dflng r6n luyfin nghiep vu sU pham Ihudng xuygn 37 34,58 Thflng qua cSc chuyen de bOi dUdng la nang v i phuang phap day hoc 29 27,10 Quat/hpc, tu ren luyen 27 25,23 5, Thong qua to chdc giao luu va tap huan vdi sU hd trd cua ChuySn gia 17 15,89 Thdng qua t5 chiic cSc cupc thi thiai ke bai hoc kiln tao, cau lac bg hoc hdp tac, du qid 10 9,35 cac each thUc khac 0,00 % Ket qua fl bang cho thay, phifong thic Juoj GV (Janh gia la tiem nang nhat (Je ren iuyen Idnaiij thiet kebai hoc Iheo lithuyet kien lao cho SV chinh ia Ihong q ua qua trinh day hgc cac rr on hgc piiuong phap day hgc chuyen nganh, luyvay, ti le lira chan cung ctii dai 39,25% Qua khang djnli, viec cip nhat cac thuyetdayhpchlen dai noi Chung valitiuyS kien tao noi lieng vao chuong trinh day hoc cac mon hgc hoc phan ii luan day hgc bp mon chua di/gccac Irudngsupham quan tam.Baychinh lamgt (lieu sol I6n can duflc bo iihuyet chirong trinh dao lai ciJa cac trucmgsupham noi Chung,l