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H NGHIEN Ctfu LJ LUAN GIAO DUC PHAP LUAT TRONG NHA TRI/dNG TRUNG HOC MOT SO VAN o i VE NOI DUNG VA PHlfONG PHAP PHAM VIET THANG Trudng oai hoc Sif pham Hd Nfii Email vietthang27l077@''''yahoo coni vn Tdm[.]
H NGHIEN Ctfu LJ LUAN GIAO DUC PHAP LUAT TRONG NHA TRI/dNG TRUNG HOC MOT SO VAN o i VE NOI DUNG VA PHlfONG PHAP PHAM VIET THANG Trudng oai hoc Sif pham Hd Nfii Email: vietthang27l077@'yahoo.coni.vn Tdm tdt: Gido due phdp ludt cho hge smh trung hge Id nhiem vu Idn eua ngdnh Gido due vd Ddo tao ndi chung vd eiia gido vien day hoe mon Gido due cong ddn cdc nhd trUdng thdng ndi rieng Thtfc tien gido due phdp luat hien d cdc nhd trUdng cho thdy hieu qud ciia edng tdc ndy ehUa cao, co nhtfng nguyen nhdn lien quan den ndi dung vd phuang phdp day hoe bd mon Viee doi mdi cdn bdn, todn dien gido due, ddo tgo htfa hen nhiiu thay doitlcli cue chuang trinh mon Gido due cdng ddn de ddptfngyeu cdu mdi cua thuc tien dat nUdc Ttf thUe te do, bdi vietde xudt mot so nguyen tdc, npi dung vd phuang phdp dgy hoc can Uu tien xdy dung chuang trinh mdn Gido due edng don nham dua thUe ti&n gido due phdp ludt cho hge sinh di vdo thUe chdt Ttf khda: Gido due cdng ddn; gido due phdp ludt; trUdng trung hoe; day hoe tinh huong; tinh huong phdp ludt (Nhdn bdi 28/03/2017: Nhdn kit qud phan bien vdchinh stfa ngdy 09/04/2017: Duyet ddng ngdy 25/04/2017) I.Datvande Gilo due phap luat (GDPL) nha trUdng phd thdng da v l dang duac thUe hien qua nhieu kenh khae nhung cd hai kenh ehinh dd la GDPL thdng qua cac chuong trinh mdn hoe cd lien quan trUc tiep nhu Gilo due cdng dan (GDCO)va GDPL thdng qua cac hinh thde tuyen truyen, phd bien phap luat ngoai gid len Idp Do vay, viec nang cao hieu qua GDPL nha trUdng gin vdi viee nang cao chat luong cua ndi dung mdn hoc GDCD va nang cao chat lUOng day hoc ciia giao vien thdng qua viec sd dung cac phuong phap day hoc (PPDH) phii hop, Ngoai ra, viec nang cao hieu qua cua GDPL nha trUdng cdn phu thudc vao nhieu yeu td khae nhU, tac ddng ciia xa hdi, ciia mdi trudng sdng, sU phdi hop gida nha trudng va gia dinh, cac td chdc chmh tn xa hdi, Trong bai viet nay, chung tdi tap trung phan tieh nhdng nguyen tic va ndi dung cO bin ciia GDPL nha trUdng phd thdng nham gdp phln xay dUng chuang trinh va ndi dung sach giao khoa GDCD mdi, ddng thdi goi y mdt sd phuong phIp day hoe phu hdp vdi viee day cac ndi dung GDPL Yeu cau tong quat, nguyen tac CO ban va nhiem vu chu yeu 2.1 Yeu cdu tong qudt GDPL cho HS eIn ed sU ket hap gida dae diem Ida tudi v l thuc te eude sdng ciia HS, giupHS nang cao nhan thdc va ren luyen thudng xuyen kien thdc phap lult, dan dan trd nhdng ngUdi ke tuc va xly dung chu nghia xa hdi cd ki luat, cd dao ddc, cd van hda va cd litudng, 2.2 Nguyen tdc ca ban - Nguyen tdc gdn vdi thuc tien cudc song cd tinh thdi su Ndi dung GDPL chUong tnnh, sleh giao • KHOA HOC GIAO OUC khoa GDCD can phli gan gui thuc te, gan gui cudc sdng va gan gui HS, vda phli tuan theo quy luat phd bien xay dung dao ddc tU tudng vda phli the hien dac diem GDPL, phu hop vdi dac diem tam sinh li va nang li/c tiep thu cua HS, Chuong trinh, sach giao khoa can tich cue de xUdng nhdng phuong thdc dan gian de bleu, su' dung ngdn ngd gan gui vdi cudc sdng, cac vi du dien hinh sinh ddng {cd tinh thdi sU), the hien tinh thuc day lan va tinh thii vi ciia day hoc, gia tang tinh cam hda va sdc hap dan, de cao tinh dinh hudng va tinh hieu qua ciia GDPL - Nguyen tdc ket hap gido due tri thdc phdp ludt vdi gido due thue tien xdy dUng nhd nude phdp quyen Ap dung nhieu phuang thdc nhlm tao eho HS co hdi de hieu va tham gia vao thuc tien phap luat, giao due va dan dat HS nam bat kien thdc phIp lult d thuc te cudc sdng, nang cao td chl't phIp luat - Nguyen tac tich hop Tich hop GDPL vdi khoa hoc giao due nha trudng ndi chung, tham thau vao qua trinh day hoe, ket hap vdi cac hoat ddng giao due, hinh md hinh GDPL mang tinh phUc hop, da giledd 2.3 Nhiem vu chu yeu Nhiem vu ehu yeu cua cdng tac GDPL la: Nd Ipc bdi dudng y thdc l i qudc, y thdc cdng din, y thde tuan thu phap luat, y thdc tu blo ve eho HS, hinh thinh va phat tnen thdi quen tdn va bao ve phIp luat; tao lap nhln smh quan, g i l tn quan v l vinh nhuc quan diing dan, tao dUng quan mem dUa vao phap luat de quIn li dat nude va cdng bing chinh nghia, nlng cao nang luc phan biet dung sai v l tuIn thii phap luat, hUdng d i n ho lam cdng dan hieu biet va tuan thu phap luat dung each NGHIEN cuu U LUAN i Ndi dung g i i o due p h i p luSt cho hoc sinh trung hoc 3.1 Ndi dung ed bdn eda gido due phdp ludt cho hge sinh trung hge easd - Hoc tap nhdng tri thde ed bin ve hien phap, tang cddng y thde hi^n phap - Biet tinh than phap tri 11 the hien edng bing xa hdi, chinh nghia, phln anh quan he binh dSng gida ngddi vdi ngddl - Hieu biet tinh bien, tinh hien thde, tinh binh dang cOa quyen cdng dan, hieu ddoc tinh ddng thdi eua quyen loi va nghia vu ciia edng d i n , hieu ddoc nghia vu phap luat quy dinh khong phli ehiu trach nhiem hoac nhdng vi pham phap luat can chiu trach nhiem phap luat - Hieu duqc trat tu xa hoi m l phap lult bao ve, cd the dilu hoa sU phat trien eiia ngUdi va td nhien Coi li giai nhdng tri thdc phap luat eo lien quan mat thiet vdi cudc sdng HS ve phuong dien hinh su, din sy, qulnli hinh chinh - Nhln thdc ddcfc nhutig nol dung lien quan den phdng tranh pham toi ngudi vi nien, hieu duqc ham nghia vi pham v l pham tdi, hieu duac su nguy hai eiia vi pham v l pham tpi, hieu ddOc hanh vi sai trai de dan den vi pham, pham toi - Hilu duoe quyen lai eua ngUdi vj thinh nien duac Nhl nUdc blo ve, nhdng ndi dung chii yeu hen quan den phap lult ve bao hd eiia gia dinh, blo hd eiia nha trudng v l blo hp ciia xa hdi ddi vdi ngUdi vj thinh men, 3.2 Npi dung gido due phdp ludt cho hge sinh trung hoc phd thdng - Hieu phap lult phln anh quan he gida td ea nhan va trat tU x l hdi, hieu biet gil tri ciia sd ton tai cle quy pham phap lult, hinh thinh y thdc phIp luat v l quan niem phap tn, hieu duac viec dUa vIo phap luat de quIn li dat nUde II chien luac chii yeu de xly dUng chii nghia xa hdi, - Biet phap luat la the hien y chf cua Nhl nUde, hieu phIp luat ed ehdc nang blo ve trat tU x l hdi, thUe hien cdng ehinh xa hdi, quy pham phap luat chii the hanh vi, dieu chinh quan he Ipi ich, xiic tien phit tnen hai hda ca nhan, xa hdi, mdi trUdng - Hieu quy pham phap luat ehii yeu ve phuang dien ddi sdng chfnh tri, kinh te va van hda ciia dat nUdc Hieu biet nhdng quy djnh ciia hien phap lien quan den qudc the, chinh the, thiet lip v l chdc quyen cua ca cau Nha nude, hieu phIp lult tien quan den sdtham gia ciia cdng din vao ddi sdng chinh tri Hieu biet nhdng quy dinh cua hien phap ve che dd phan phdi cO bin va che dd kinh te ca ban ciia dat nudc, Hieu quy dinh phap luat lien quan den phat tnen kmh te thj trUdng xa hdi chii nghia,, -Hieu nhdng nguyen tac coban ciia luat phap qudc te va nhdng cdng Ude qudc te quan trpng da duac Nha nude phe chuan, dae biet la nhdng tri thdc hen quan den cdng Ude qudc te ve quyen eon ngUdi, cdng Ude ciia WTO, cdng Ude qudc te ve bao ve mdl trudng sinh thli tao dung y thdc t o l n cau - Hieu biet quan he gida quyen Iqi va nghia vu ciia edng dan, hieu nhdng not dung ehu yeu eua quyen cong dan, hieu duae quyen edng d i n duqc hddng cung nhd nhOmg nghia vy phai thdc hien phap luat quy dinh, tao dung chfnh xac quan niem ve quyen loi va nghia vy Phucmg phap day hoc v i hinh thuTc to chiJc giao due p h i p luat can lAi tien 4.1 Cdc phuang phdp dgy hge tich cUe * Phuang phdp dgy hoc gidi quyit van de Ve bin chat: Day hoe gill quyet van de II mdt quan diem day hoc nhlm phat trien nang lUc tU sing tao, nang lUe giai quyet van de cua ngUdi hoc, NgUdi hoc duqc dat mdt tinh huong cd van de (tiiy theo mdc do), thdng qua viee gill quyet van de dd giup ngUdi hge linh hpi tri thdc, ki nang va phuang phap nhan thdc Day hoe gili quyet van de dUa tren ca sd If thuyet nhan thde Theo quan diem cua tam ii hpe nhan thde, giai quyet van de ed vai trd die biet quan trong viec phat trien tU va nhan thde cua eon ngUdi "TU chi bdt ddu xudt hien tinh hudng cd vdn de" Vi vly, theo quan diem day hoe giai quyet van de, qua trinh day hoc duac to chdc thdng qua viec gili quyet cle van de Day hoe gili quyet van de la eon dudng quan de phit huy tinh tfch cdc cua ngUdI hoc NgUdi hoc tiep nhln ndi dung bli hoc gin vdi nhdng tinh hudng ey the, dien hinh theo nguyen tic: tdi nghe thi tdi nhanh quen, tdi nhin thi tdi nhdvl tdi llm thi tdi nhanh bleu Day hoc gili quyet van de co nhieu quan diem khae nhau, nhung ve cd bin qui trinh nly gdm cac bude sau: 1/Chuan bj tinh hudng ed van de; 2/Neu van de (dua tinh hudng cd van de cho ngudl hoc); 3/ Lip ke hoach giai quyet van de; 4/ Tien hinh gili quyet van de; 5/ Oinh gia lai q u i trinh gili quyet van de [1 ] * Phuang phdp day hoc tinh hudng Ve bin chat, phuang phIp day hoe tinh hudng la mdt phuang phIp day hoc dupc td chdc theo nhdng tinh hudng, ngudi hpe dUde kien tao tri thdc qua viee gili quyet cac van de ed tinh xa hdi ciia viec hoc t i p Tuy nhien, mdt tinh hudng chi trd tinh hudng day hoc ngudi gilo vien dUa nhdng ndi dung can truyen thu vIo cic sU kien tinh hudng v l cau true cac sd kien cho phd hop vdi logic sU pham de ngudi hoc giai quyet nd se dat dUoc mue tleu day hoc, Ndi each khlc, phuang phap tinh hudng dupc hieu II viec gilo vien thu thIp mdt sd vu viec hang dau ve mdt chii de nao dd v l dUa sd dung de day cho sinh vien tren Idp [2] Phuang phIp hoc tap tinh hudng nham tao nhdng buoi hoc that smh ddng, vdi viec xay dUng mdt mdi trudng hoc tap lay ngUdl hoc lam trung tam, nai ma ngudi hoc cam thay tholi mai tham gia trao doi, thio luan vdi Hau het ngudi hoc da quen vdi viec len Idp la de nghe gi^ng va ghi chep nhdng kien thdc td giao vien ehd khdng phai la su ddng gdp td ehinh ban than minh Viec sd dung phuang phap day hoc rinh S013g-THANG4/2017*61 QNGmeNcAiUuiAN hu6ng sS l l m thay doi cleh hpe thu ddng cua ngUdfi hpe Th6ng qua vi$c gldj quyA c^c tinh huong c6 tinh thyc tien cao tddng tSng vdi no! dung mon hoc se tSng cuimg k h i nang td duy, phSn tfch v l gili quy^t v l n di cda ngt/di hoc Phdcmg phap nly cung giup ngddi hoc dng dung cic ki ning mim nhd ki nlng thuyet trinh, ki ning lam vi6c nhom, kT nang tranh luan, ki ning t6 ehtJc cdng vifc [3] vIo qua trinh thifc hifn gili quylt nhdng van de cda tinh hudng, tf6ng thdi p h i t huy tfnh chO dpng, sy sing tao va hdng thii c6a ngddi hoc q u i trinh hpe Nhd dd, muc t i l u cCia b l i giing cung nhti vifc GDPL s§ trd nfin df ding hdn 4J Cdc bade xdy dtfng tinh hudng phdp ludt Budc 1: Xde dinh phgm vi kiin thtfc cdn dUa vdo t)nh hudng Bay I I budc ed vai trd quan trpng giOp ngudi day Ida chpn dUpc cic tinh hudng b i m sit muc tif u v i phCi h ^ vdi ndi dung b i i hoc Ndi dung tinh hudng phli d i m bio tfnh khoa hoc, b i m sat kien thdc sich giio khoa [4] Mpt tinh hudng phip lult cd the dype giing day d mpt hoac nhif u ddn vj kien thilc cd the dupe sil dyng d nhutig bli day khic Do dd, ngddi xly dyng tinh hudng phli cln cd vio muc tieu b l i hpe, xem x^t cic khfa canh vf kifn thdc vf ki nlng, vf thai dp m l minh muon ehuyf n t i i d f n ngddi hoc thdng qua tinh hudng eu thf la g), tddd xly dyng dupc tinh hudng phu hpp vdi eic yiu ciu da d^t Budc 2: Chudn bi nguon dtfiiiu cho tinh hudng Chuin bi ngudn dd lieu chfnh la nguyen lif u d f ngudi d^y xly dyng tinh huong, vda la ca sd de hddng d i n ngudi hpe chuin bi, nghiSn cdu v l gili quyet tinh huong, vtfa l i cd sdde ngddi day danh g i l kft q u i ngddi hpe Ngudn dd iifu cfn phli chuIn bj la cic van b i n phap lult cic co quan nhl nude cd tham quyen ban hinh nhu Hien phap, Bd lu^t, Lult, Nghj ^nh, Ben canh dd, ngudi day ed thf tham khlo them cac giio trinh, cic tap chi chuyen nglnh df xem xet quan diem eua cac n h i khoa hoc ve ndi dung b l i hpe de cd the xly dyng tinh hudng phCi hpp nhftvdi npi dung b l i hpe Budc 3: Xdy dtfng tinh hudng phdp ludt tren ca sd dtf liiu da ehudn bi Khi da xic djnh rd myc tieu v l ed nguon dd lieu, giio vien can b i t tay vIo xiy dyng tinh huong de phye vy cho q u i trinh day hpe cCia minh Thtf nhdt, ngudi day can cd vIo n^i dung v l myc tiSu cCia bai hoc nhd da dua d bddc 1, xem xet tinh hudng eIn xay dyng il§n quan dfn nglnh luat nlo (Vi dy, ed thf thudc !Tnh vyc d i n sd, hinh su, hanh ehfnh, hdn nhan gia dinh hole lao ddng ) Thtf hai, tren co sd y dinh xay dyng tinh hudng cda minh, ngudi day cin cd vIo cic dd lieu da chuan bi d bude d f xem x6t cu thf dif u luat nlo quy djnh vf vSn de dd va chieu theo md t i cOa dieu luit d f xiy dytig tinh hudng ChSng han, giao vien mudn xly ddng tinh 62*KHUHDCGIi^DDVG hufing lien quan d f n hanh vi k i t hdn sAn thi can cin cij vIo Lult Hdn nhan v i Gia dinh dang cd hifu lye thi hinh, cy t h i xem vifc kft hdn dupc quy * n h d dilu bao nhieu v l quy djnh cy t h f nhd t h f nio Ngudi d?y cung c6 tW b6 sung thIm cac y f u td vf thdi gian, dja dilm (gin v^ phong tyc, t i p q u i n v.v ) d4 tinh hudng sinh ddng hog Ddi vdi cic tinh hudng p h i p luit dya tr6n cic vy vifc cd th^t thyc tf, ngudi day cSn xic djnh ph?m vi cita tinh hudng Win quan d f n nglnh luit nlo, di£u lu|t nio d l c i n nhic cd thf si:f dung nguyfn vin hoSc tdm t i t cic dd kifn dda vio b l i d?y Trong q u i trinh xiy dyng tinh hudng, ngdn ngd d i l n dat cin ngin gon, siic tfch, trinh nhOtig tinh t i ft khdng rd ring, ddng thdi cSn trinh sd dyng t d da nghia ho|c tCf dja phUdng Tinh hudng phii hap d i n , khoi d i y sy hdng thO ts ngudi hpe v i phii mang tinh k h i thi, b l o d i m nhOng dieu kien c l n v l dCi de dda d f n gili phip hpp If, df chjp nhin [4] 4.3 Mdt s6 hinh thCtc tS chtfc gido due phdp luit ngodi gUf lin lap * Gido due theo chuyin di Van dung cic hinh thdc giio dye chuyen de, tang cddng y thdc phap l u i t v l quan nif m ve phip lu$t cOa HS, nlng cao tinh hieu q u i v l tfnh djnh hdd^g cCia GDPL Cln xuat phit td trinh dd nhin thdc hdng thiS hpe tip, t d tddng, bilu hifn hinh vi v l thyc tien xa hdi cua HS dl triln khai hoat ddng giao due chuy6n d f mdt cich da dang, linh hoat v l ed hifu q u i * Hogt dpng ngogi khda ' Hoat ddng doan, ddi: Mdi mdt to chdc df u cd tdn ehi, mue dfch^ quy t i c kl luit m l cic thinh vtin dIu phii t u i n theo Mdi mot thinh vien vda c6 quyin Ifll vda phli thdc hifn nghia vy ma doan t h i quy djnh Nhd viee tham gia cic hoat ddng d o l n ddi m l HS se dupe r6n luyen thyc t l v l td t d ^ g , nhln thdc v i hanh vi - Hoat ddng giio dye tuy^n truyf n cac dip 1^ ngly ki nif m: t i n dyng eic ngly If, cic ngly kl nifm dl to chdc eic hoat dptig tuyf n truyf n GDPL - Hoat dpng giao due nghi thdc nhiA nghi thOt nh|p hoc khai giing, b f giing, kft n^p Dpi, kft nap Ooan Qua dd, HS cd t h f hilu dupc quan hf giOa phip luit v i sy trudng thinh llnh manh, bdi dudng tinh cim v i sy thdpng tdn p h i p luit, t i n g cddng nang lUc tuin thO v l v l n dung p h i p luat - Hoat ddng thyc tien x l hoi nhdtham quan t o i in, trai giam hole tham gia cic hoat ddng x d i n md phdng (d cic n h l trudng d i o tao v l p h i p luit) Thdng qua dd cd t h i hifu, phin tich cic tinh hudng phip luat chin thyc v i ning cao y thdc phap lult * Phu dgo cd biit Qiao vien trddng, die bift 11 gilo vi^n chO nhif m cln nhlm vio nhdng HS m l cd hinh vi vi pham kl lult de tien hinh quin If v l giio dye; c l n chu y nhiirng thay doi vf phucJng dif n td tddng, tinh elm v l hinh vi cCia HS, kjp thdi t i f n hinh giio dye boi dddng vf phip lu^t, dao ddc v l t i m li, gidp hp khlc phye khuyft dilm, NGHICNCOUULU^CQ sCra chCTa sai ph^m v l phit trlf n llnh m^nh 5.Kltiii4n GDPL cho HS trung hoc I I nhif m vy Idn cCia nglnh Giio dye ndi chung v i c^a giio viSn d^y GDCD cic n h i tnJdng ph6 thdng ndi rifng Thyc tien GDPL hifn d cic n h i trddng cho thIy hifu q u i cOa cdng t i e nly chua cao, dd cd nhQng nguySn nhln Ii6n quan d f n ndi dung v i phUdng p h i p d^y hpe bp mdn Trong q u i trinh ddi mdi cln bin, t o l n dif n gilo dye v l dio t^o theo tinh t h i n Nghj quylt 29 cua Trung ddng thi mdn GDCD d d p Trung hpe se cd nhif u thay ddi d f dip dng y l u clu mdl cda thyc tifn dIt nude Tii thyc t f dd, chOng tdi d l manh dan d f xult m ^ sd nguyen tic, ndi dung v i phUdng phip d^y hpe cln UVi t i f n xiy dyng chuong trinh mdn GEXD nhlm gilng d^y GDPL cho HS dat hifu q u i h m TAILIIUTHAMKHAO [1] Nguyfn Thj Khinh, (2016), Vdn dung phuang phdp dgy hge gidi quyet vdn di gidng dgy mdn Chfnh tri hge cho sinh viin hiin nay, Kl y f u hdi t h i o qudc gia Nghifn ciJu v i giing day Lf luin Chfnh trj xu t h f t o i n clu hda, NXB Lf luin Chfnh trj, tr375-379 [2] Paul Howfand, (1898), The ease method Western Reserve Lavir Joumal, Vol 4, Issue (March 1898), pp 2933 [3] Vu Thi Thdy, (2010), ffng dung phtfong phdp gidng dgy tinh hudng ddo tgo ngdnh Utpt, T^p chf Khoa hpe Phip If, Trudng D^i hoc Lult TP Hd Chf Minh, s6l,tr.55-64 [4] Ph?m VQ Nh§t Uyf n, (2013), Dgy hge tinh hudng vd mdt sdtri^n phdp di stf dgng Hnh hi^ng trongdgyhgc Hda hge dtntdng trung hoc f^th6ng,Jap chi Khoa hpe Trudng D?i hoc Su pham TP H6 Chf Mlnli, sd 42, tr.l48158 [5} Bernd Meier - Nguyfn Win Cudng, (2012), Ll ludn dgy hge hiin dgi - Ca sd da mdi muc tiiu, n^ dung vd phuang phdp dgy hge, NXB Dai hpe SU ph^m H i NOi EDUCATION OF LAW IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS - SEVERAL ISSUES OF CONTENTS AND METHODOLOGY Pham Viet Thang Hartol National University of Education Email: f^etthang271077@yahoo.com.vn Abstract: Education of Law for secondary students is an Important task taken by Education sector in general and by Chfies sud/ecf teachers in particular The reality shows then the effectiveness of Law educathn at secondary school is not high and the reasons were found to be related to the subject contents and teaching methods The radical and comprehensive renovation of education is expected to provide many active changes in Civic education curnculum, meeting requirements of tiie country's renovation Based on that, the article prt^ses several principles, contents and teadiing methods that needed to be prioritized when developing Civics subject curriculum so that the subject contents would be more praaleal Keywords: CJvic education; education of law; secondary school; situation-based teaching Stfl3l-1HllKV2l17.63 ...NGHIEN cuu U LUAN i Ndi dung g i i o due p h i p luSt cho hoc sinh trung hoc 3.1 Ndi dung ed bdn eda gido due phdp ludt cho hge sinh trung hge easd - Hoc tap nhdng tri thde ed... f n ndi dung v i phUdng p h i p d^y hpe bp mdn Trong q u i trinh ddi mdi cln bin, t o l n dif n gilo dye v l dio t^o theo tinh t h i n Nghj quylt 29 cua Trung ddng thi mdn GDCD d d p Trung hpe... v l dUa sd dung de day cho sinh vien tren Idp [2] Phuang phIp hoc tap tinh hudng nham tao nhdng buoi hoc that smh ddng, vdi viec xay dUng mdt mdi trudng hoc tap lay ngUdl hoc lam trung tam, nai