Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
NGHIEN CUU TRAO DOI PHAT TRIEN KY NANG T U NHAN THUfC CHO SINH VIEN TRl/dNG DAI HOC KINH TE CONG NGHIEP LONG AN • ThS HA MINH T H I | N HAD (») • CN T R A N H O A N G YEN (*•) TOM T A T Mudn vugt qua[.]
NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI PHAT TRIEN KY N A N G TU NHAN THUfC CHO SINH VIEN TRl/dNG DAI HOC KINH TE CONG NGHIEP LONG AN • ThS HA MINH T H I | N HAD (») • CN T R A N H O A N G YEN TOM (*•) TAT Mudn vugt qua nhiing Icho khan vd bu&c tiep tren duang thdnh cong, doi hoi moi nguai chung ta phdi trang bi cho minh nhieu ky ndng khdc dong thdi lua chgn cho bdn thdn loi song lanh mgnh, tich cue Co rdt nhieu ky nang giiip bgn phdt huy khd ndng cua minh, img xir thich hgp voi nhimg vdn de eugc sdng, nhung ky ndng tu nhdn thirc lgi la ky ndng nen tdng nhdt de bgn holm thien bdn thdn vdphdt trien Tien si Tdm ly hgc Joyce Brothers da timg nhan dinh: "Nhan thiic ve ban thdn ciia mgt ngu&i Id ca sa nhdn cdch ciia ngu&i No dnh hir&ng den mgi phuang di^n dai song cua ngu&i: khd ndng hgc hdi, khd ndng tru&ng thdnh vd thay ddi, su nghiep vd bgn d&i Khong quit ddng noi rdng, nhan thuc dimg ve bdn than la su chudn bi khd diva tot nhdt cho nhiing thdnh cong eugc song" Bdi viet "Phdt trien ky ndng tu nhdn thirc cho sinh vien Tru&ng Dgi hgc Kinh te Cong nghiep Long An " hy vgng sephdn ndo ggi ma de cdc ban sinh vien timg buac "hieu ve bdn thdn minh" vd CO nhiing quyet dinh dung ddn cho tuang lai Tir khda: Ky ndng, tu nhdn thuc, phdt trien SUMMARY To overcome the difficulties and to continue the successful path requires each of us to equip ourselves with various skills to face and choose a positive healthy lifestyle for ourselves There OK so many skills to help you develop your abilities and have appropriate behavior with problems in life, but the self-awareness skill is the most basic one for you to improve yourself and develop Dr Joyce Brothers, a psychologisi once stated: "Awareness of one's self is the basis of his or her personality It affects all aspects of human life: the ability to learn, the ability to grow and change, career and lifepartner No exaggeration to say that right awareness of one's self is the best possible preparation for success in life" The article "Developing the self-awareness skill for students of Long An University of Economics and Industry" expects somewhat suggestive for you " to understand about yourselves" step by step and take the right decisions for the future Key words: Skills, self-awareness, development/develop TAP CHl KINH TE - CONG NGHIEI Sat v4n d l Theo UNESCO cd ba nhan td tao nen nang lue cua ngudi la; kiln thftc, ky nang va thai dd Hai ylu td ky nang va thai dp thudc ve ky nang sdng va cd vai ttd quylt dinh ttong viec hinh nhan each, ban linh va su cdng eua mdi ngudi Ky nang sdng khdng cdn qua xa la ddi vdi mdi ngudi va dac biet la ddi vdi the he tte Trong mdi trudng dai hpe, htu hit sinh vien da dupe tilp cSn vdi cac ky nang sdng nhu: ky nang thuylt ttinh, ky nSng lam viec nhdm, ky nSng quan ly thdi gian, ky nang giao tilp, ky nSng tta Idi phdng van, Nhumg ky nang khdng nhumg giup ich ttong qua ttmh thu thap kiln thftc, hd trp die luc cho viec hpe ma cdn 14 hanh ttang vung chic de mdi sinh vien budc chan vao ddi ThI nhung thire tt?ing 1^ cho thSy, nhieu sinh vien budc chan khdi ngudng cfta dai hpc l?i Ipay hoay vdi cau hdi "Tdi la ai? Tdi se lam gi? Kha nang cua tdi den dau?" Nhung eau hdi tudng chimg nhu dom gian lai lam khd eae ban tte va khdng it ngudi sd hp ludn tran trd dl tim kilm cau tta Idi cho chinh minh x a hdi cang phat triin, khoa hpc cdng ngh$ dang cd budc chuyin minh day in tupng, keo theo dd la s\r thay ddi cua ngudi vl nhilu mat nhu tam ly, tu duy, tinh cam Smh vien ndi rieng va thi h$ tte ndi chung dang phai ddi mat vdi hang ngan nhiing vin de Mdt ttong sd hp sdm nhjn minh cin lam gi dl thay ddi ban than, vilt nen sd phan cua chinh minh, sd khac vin mai me tim kilm den lac Idi ma khdng hay Mudn vupt qua nhung khd khan va budc tilp tten dudng edng ddi hdi mdi ngudi chung ta phai ttang bi cho minh nhilu ky nang khac de cimg ddi mat va l\ra chpn cho ban than Idi sdng lanh manh, tich ci,rc C6 rat nhieu ky nang giup ban phat huy kha nang cua minh, ftng xft thich hpp vdi nhihig vkn de ttong cupe sdng, nhung ky nang tir nhan thftc lai la ky nang nin tang nhat de ban hoan thi?n ban than va phat trien Cor sd 1^ lu^n 2.1 Nhan thftc Theo quan diem Trilt hpc Mac - Lenin: "Nhan thftc dupe dinh nghia la qua trinh phan anh bi?n chiing hi$n th\rc khach quan vao ttong bd dc cua cpn ngudi, ed tinh tieh cue, nang ddng, sdng tjo, tten CO sd thftc tiln hay nhan thftc cung dupe hieu la qua trinh bien chiing cfta s\r phan anh the gidi khaeh quan ttong y thftc ngudi, nhd dd ngudi tu va khdng ngiing tien den gan khach the." Theo hi diln tieng Viet: "Nhan thftc la qua trinh hoac kit qua phan anh va tai hien hiSn thuc vao tu duy; qua ttinh ngudi nhan bilt va hilu bilt ve thi gidi khach quan hojc kit qua cua qua trinh do." Roberts Feldman cho ring: Su nhan thftc la qua ttinh tinh thin bac cao, qua dd chftng ta hieu thi gidi, xft ly thdng tin, phan doan va quyet dinh, chia se hieu biet vdi ngudi khac " Nguyin Quang Uan lai eho ring: "Nhan thftc la hoat ddng dac ttung cua ngudi Trong qua ttinh sdng va ho^t ddng, ngudi nh?n thftc - phan anh dupe hien thuc xung quanh, hi$n thyc cua ban than minh, tten co sd dd ngudi td thai dp va hanh dpng ddi vdi thi gidi xung quanh va ddi vdi chinh ban than minh" NGHliiN ciiu - TRAO DOI Thong tin dau vao (tri thiic cii) Qua trinh nhSn thiic (phSn tich, nhjn dinh, so s4nh, khai quat hoa, tdi tao ) Ket qud d^u (tri thiic mdi) Hinh 1: M6 hinh qud trinh nhdn thftc 2.2 Ty nhan thftc 2.3 Tim quan ttpng eua ky nSng ty: nhdn thiic Tu nhdn thuc khdng phai Id kham pha nhumg Cdc nhd nghita euru da khing dinh ring t? bi mdt thim kin hoac nhung dpng co vd thftc, nhdn thftc la giai doan phdt trien cao cua tv md tu nhdn thftc la khd nang mdi ngudi tu y thftc Nlu nhu y thftc Id nhjn thftc eua nhin nhdn vd ddnh gia vl bdn than minh nhu ngudi hudng vdo thi gidi xung quanh thi Hr each suy nghi, cac mdi quan h? xd hpi; nhm nh^n thftc la hoat dpng nh$n thftc hudng vao nhdn, ddnh gid dung ve ndng l\rc, tinh cdm, bdn than Tit nhidn tu y thftc va tft nhdn thiic sd thich, thdi quen, dilm mjnh, dilm yeu, ; khdng phdi la mpt nhftng hinh va quan tam vd ludn y thuc dupe minh dang lam phdt triin din mpt giai do^n ndo tu y thiic sS chuyen sang tu nhan thftc gi, cdngi Tv nhdn thftc cd vai ttd hit sftc quan ttpng Qud trinh tu nhdn thftc cd the diin vdi nhttng m\ic dich khdc vd xuat phdt tft ttong edu tnic tdm ly cua nhdn cdch Nd Id mpt nhumg mye tieu, nguyen nhdn, dpng ca khac ttong nhftng chi sd de ndi Idn s\f khac bi$t cua Trong qua ttinh tu nhan thftc, cd nhan se ca nhdn Ngay hi thi ky II ttude cdng nguyen, cd nhumg quan diem ddi vdi bdn than va ddng Socrate dd ndi "Hay ttf biet minh" xem nhu thdi cdn cd mpt he thdng nhdn thftc tuong ddi mgt djnh huang gid tri ^^ ^ieu khien, dim ben viing ve bdn thdn, mdi nhdn thftc mdi phdi chinh hdn thdn minh cho phu hap vai yeu cau chudn muc cita xa hgi Nhu vay, tft nhdn thiic dupe hda nhap vao he thdng - Ndu nhttng nhdn thftc mdi phu hpp vdi he thing nhdn thftc dd cd thi din din su xac nhdn ciing nhu cung cd them nhdn thftc da ed t^o nen su hda nhdp - Neu nhftng nhan thftc mdi khdng phu hpp vdi nhdn thftc da cd thi cd sir tdc dpng qua lai giua thdng tin vd nhan thftc ddcd.Su tac ddng thudng gdn vdi nhftng trying thai xftc cdm Dac bi?t ttong trudng hpp ndy, nhung qua ttinh nhdn thftc mdi cd thi kich thich dua din cdi td h$ thdng nhan thuc vd h? thdng quan dilm da cd the hi^n chftc ndng "lien h | ngupc", cho phep ngudi ddi chilu nhumg ddc dilm, hanh vi cua minh vdi nhftng nguydn tdc, khudn mlu va chuin muc xa hdi Tij nh$n thftc chinh xdc la mdt eo sd quan ttpng dl cd dupe thdi dp diing ddn vdi bdn thdn Nd cd y nghia dinh hudng, dilu chinh hoat dpng, hdnh vi cua ehu thi nhim d^t muc dich, ly tudng sdng mpt each ijf giac Nd giup ngudi khdng chi cd kha nang lam chu dupe tir nhidn, xa hdi md lam chft ehinh ban than minh Tu nhan thftc la mpt ttong nhttng ky nang ca ban va quan ttpng cua eon ngudi, la nin tang de ngudi giao tilp, ftng xft phu hpp va hi$u qua vdi ngudi khac cung nhu dl cd the cam thdng dupe vdi ngudi khdc Khi mdi ngudi tyt nhan thftc dupe kha ndng cfta minh hp sS hieu dupe nhumg uu dilm, bilt minh nen lam vi$c gi phu hpp vdi kha ndng - t|n dyng uu diem dl biln nd thdnh ca hpi nhu thi ndp Hidu va t\i n h ^ thftc m$t cdch dftng din cdn giup moi ngudi cd dupe cdch xu ly phu hpp eho timg tinh hudng va sir Ivra chpn ndy la sftc manh npi t?i ma khdng ed bit ky ed thi iiy di Ngodi ra, vi$c kip thdi phdt hi$n nhftng nhupc dilm minh dang mic phdi ciing giftp chftng ta dl dang khdc phuc nd, ttanh nhttng quylt dinh sai lam ttong sir nghi$p md ddi dd se Id mpt mdi de dpa khdng nhftng eho ban than md thdm chi cdn gdy h$ lyy cho ngudi khac Ngupc lai, ddnh gid khdng dftng ve ban thdn dl khiln cho cho cdm xuc che mdt chftng ta, dan den nhiing h ^ che, quyet dinh sai lam, that bji ttong cupe sdng va ttong giao tiep vdi ngudi khac Tu nhjn thftc khdng mang y nghia cfta s\f "ich ky" Tu nhdn thftc giftp cho moi ngudi nhin nhdn va ddnh gid ngudi khdc ciing nhu each md hp cdm nhdn, thai dp vd phdn hdi cua hp d6i vdi minh Tu nhan thftc chinh Id nin tang h8 ttg dac Iftc cho ndng lue tu cdm xftc Tu nhdn thftc cd trudc, bdi le neu ngudi khdng hieu vd biet nhiing cam xuc cua minh thi se khdng hieu gi vl ngudi khdc Tu dd giup cho mSi ngudi vui ve "cho" chft khdng don thudn la chi mudn "nh^n", day Id nin tang cua cac mdi quan h? ben viing vd than tinh hom Thu-c tr^ng vi ky ndng ty nh|in thirc cua sinh vien Trwcyng Dai hpc Kinh t l Cdng nghifp Long An (DLA) 3.1 Ddc dilm cfta Ilia tudi nien, smh vien Phdt trien the chdt: Phat ttiln mpt cdch dn dinh cd svr chuyen tiep tu cuoi giai doan nien sang ngudi trudng thdnh Den - tadi si hodn tit vl su phat ttiln thi chit Phdt trien tdm ly: Budc sang lua tudi nien, sinh vien, chftc ndng vl tdm ly dd cd nhilu svr thay ddi Bit ddu hinh the gidi quan de nhin nhdn, ddnh gid vin dl cua cupe sdng, thich khdm phd, tim tdi cdi mdi, bpc Ip nhiing the m^nh cfta bdn thdn, ddm ddi mdt va khang dinh minh d Ifta tadi ndy, tinh cdm eiing da dn dinh hom, djc bi?t Id tinh cdm ddi vdi nghe nghi$p - nguon dpng Ivrc dl giftp hp hpc tdp, sang t^o vd ddnh het dam md vdi nganh nghe da taa chpn Phdt then ve mdtxd hgi: O Ifta tadi nay, cdc mdi quan hd xd hdi dupe md rdng, tft hinh thdnh nhiing hiing thft vd thdi dp mdi, quan tdm nhilu din viec phdt ttiln cdc ky nang dl phft hop vdi nhu ciu cfta xd hdi 3.2 Mftc dp hilu bilt vl ky ndng tu: nhdn thftc cua sinh vien Trudng DLA 3.2.1 Danh gid tim quan ttpng cua ky nang tvr nhan thftc Nham phyc vu tdt cho bdi viet, tac gid da khdo sdt y kiln cua 100 sinh vien thupc nam 1, 2, 3, tai Trudng DLA vd thu ve 100 philu hpp le, dat ty Id 100% D I nhan biet dupe mftc dp hieu bilt cfta sinh vien ve ky ndng tvr nhdn thftc, trudc het moi sinh vien phdi danh gid dupe tdm quan ttpng cua ky nang tvr nhan thftc ddi vdi bdn NGHIEN ci) U - TRAO DOI ty le cao nhit 54%, Quan ttpng chilm 38% Nhu v|iy, da phin cac sinh vien khdng djnh ky nang hi nhdn thftc cd vai ttd quan ttpng ddi trgng hay khong?" vdi ban thdn Ddy Id tin hieu ddng mimg vi smh vien thdy dupe tim quan ttpng cua tir Tj-l? Mftc dp s6 l u ^ g 54% nhdn thftc, cac em se nhdn dftpc nhihig dilm 54 Rat quan ttpng 38% Quan ttpng 38 manh, dilm ylu, kha ndng cua bdn than, hi 7% Khdng quan ttpng cdc em sdm tim dugc hudng di, Idi sdng tich 1% I Phan van cftc cho mmh Tren co sd nh?n thftc diing ddn vl bdn than, mdi sinh vien sS cd cdchftngxii Bing 1: Nh^n bilt vl tam quan trgng cua ky ndng t\f nh^n thftc phi hpp vdi mpi ngudi Tuy nhidn vdn 1% smh vien cdn Phdn van va 7% cho ring Khdng quan ttpng Nguyen nhdn ddn den dieu la khdng it sinh vidn tft ddu dd ddnh gia UUtquantr^ng sai vl bdn than, them vao lai it tham gia cac • Quan trpng hoat ddng ndng cao ky ndng, it giao tidp vdi • Khdng qiun mpi ngudi xung quanh Cae em nghi rdng • Phin van sau dl cd mpt cdng vi$c tdt, dom gidn chi ein mdt bang dilm d?p md khdng quan tdm Hinh 2: Xy 1| nh|n biit vl tam quan trpng cua din vide phat triin cac thi manh, ky ndng ciia ban thdn Dilu ndy hit sftc nghiem ttpng neu ky ndng nh^n thftc nhu cac em danh gid sai ve minh, ddn den Dvta vao kit qud bang 1, sinh vien cho ring nhumg h$ qua khdng dang ed ttong edng vifc ky ndng tvr nhdn thftc la Rat quan trpng, chiem va cudc sdng thdn D I lam rd vin dl ndy, tac gid dua cdu hdi "Theo bgn ky ndng hr nhdn thirc co quan Bdng 2: Nhihig Igi ich ciia ky nang ty nhan thftc So lirgng Tyis Hieu ro ve ban than Co each cu xft dung miic 37 18 37% 18% Thiic day nhihig dam me Dieu khien cam xuc 16 20 16% 20% Hieu duoc ngudi khac va each ngudi khac danh gia vl minh 9% Mii-cdS TAP CHI KINIITE-CONG Ndi NGHIEN Cil'U-TRAO DOl • Hilu re vl bdn thdn • Cdcdch cuxft dftngmuc • Thiic ddy nhOng dam mg • Di^u khiSn cdm xftc • Hilu dupe ngudi khdc vd each ngudi khac ddnh gid vl iniiih Hinh 3; Ddnh gid cua sinh vien vl 10 Ich cua ky ndng ty nhfin thftc Vdi cau hdi "Theo bgn ky nang tu nhgn thic ndng tvr nhjn thuc giup thftc ddy nhftng dam CO lgi ich gi? ", cd din 37% sd smh vien dupe me, 20% dilu khiln cdm xftc va 9% giup hilu hdi cho rang ky ndng ttr nhdn thftc giup hilu dupe ngudi khac va each ngudi khde danh gia ro ve ban than Cd thi thdy, da phin sinh vien ve minh Nhiing sd lifu chenh If eh khdng vdn ehua that svr hilu rd ve ban thdn mhih, ly nhieu, dd cd the thdy dupe nhiing vai ttd can giai ve bdn thdn vin cdn Id mdt bi in Do dd thiet md ky ndng tir nhan thftc mang 1^ Tft day ky ndng hi nhan thftc se ddng mdt vai ttd quan cd thi dua nhumg hudng di, bi$n phap cu the ttpng ttong vide giai ma bdn thdn, giftp eac em de nang cao ky nang tvr nhdn thftc d smh vien hilu vl mmh, dieu minh dam me va can phai 3.2.2 Svi hilu bilt vl ky nang tvr nhdn thftc lam gi 18% sinh vien cho rdng ky nang h,r nhan Qua cdc nam hpc, khd ndng tvr nhdn thftc ciia thftc giup chiing ta cd cdch cu xft dftng mvre vdi mdi sinh vien cd svr thay ddi rd r$t 9% sd sinh ngudi khdc Bdi id cd nhan thftc va ddnh gia vien dupe hdi d ndm thft cho bilt cdc b?m da dftng vl bdn thdn mdi cd the dua cdch xft ly timg nghe qua ve ky ndng tu nhdn thitc nhtrng dftng ddn cho timg tinh hudng khae Theo chua ro, sang nam thu vd 4, sd giam khao sdt tji bang 2, lin lupt 16% cho ring ky xudng cdn 5% Dvra vdo nhiing sd nay, cd Bdng 3: Sy hieu biet ve khd ndng ty nhdn thftc ciia sinh vien qua cdc ndm Miica§ Nim Tylf Nim TJlf Nam Tyie Nam Tyl| Tong Tylf lir^g Da timg nghe nhung chua ro Hieu nhung chua dp dyng vdo thvc t6 Da hi6u vd timg ap dvmg ky nSng vao thvrc te 9% 6% 5% 5% 15 15% 13 13% 8% 7% 5% 7% 9% 16 16% 25 25% 43 43% 32 32% NtiHiiiN c u u - T R A O DOI thi thiy budc vao mdi ttudng dai hpc, sinh vien ndm bit diu cd nhiing hoang mang ve svr thay ddi mdi ttudng, ky ndng sdng, hieu biet vl thftc tl cfta cdc ban cdn hsin che nen ddi vdi cac ban ky ndng ty nhan thftc hay cdn la mpt khdi niem mdi me Bude din sang ndm thft va 4, CPU sd ndy gidm dang kl vi cdc ban sinh vien ndm cudi dd tham gia nhieu ldp hpc ky ndng cung nhu tham gia hoat dpng Doan, Hdi, giftp eac ban sdm cd dftpc eac ky ndng tvr nhdn thftc 15% sd sinh vien d nam hieu ve ky nang txf nhgn thirc nhung chua dp dirng vdo thuc ti nhung sang ndm thft sd ndy gidm di 8%, chi eon 7% Tft cdc ylu td bdn ttong, ben ngoai tdc dpng vd svr thay ddi tft qua ttinh hpc t|ip t?i mdi ttudng d^i hpc din giup cdc bsm hpdn thi?n minh hom vd nhdn kha ndng cfta bdn thdn 16% sd sinh vien d ndm dd hiiu ve ky ndng ttf nhgn thtic vd dp dirng vao thtfc ti tang din 11% so vdi 5% sd smh vi8n d ndm Cd thi thiy svr khae bi?t chuyin tilp hi ndm sang ndm 4, qua ndm hpc ciing vdi nhftng ttdi nghiem cfta ban than, smh viSn din din bilt nhan dinh, tilp thu vd Idng nghe Ddc bi?t Id ddi vdi ndm 4, nhiing smh vi6n ndy chuin bi ttudng, hdnh ttang vl cdc Vj ndng sdng vd ky ndng ttr nh|in thftc Id hdt siic cin thilt Tuy nhien nhin vl tdng ty 1? & dugc dilu tta van cd din 43% sd sinh vien vin chua dp dvmg ky ndng hi nh$n thftc vdo thvtc te so vdi 32% sd sinh vien dd dp dvmg Ddy li dilu ddng lo ngsii vi nlu chi dvmg Iji d vijc bilt vd hilu md chua dp dvmg ky ndng vao thvrc tl sS de ldm cac ban mau thay ddi quan dilm vd loay hoay vdi hudng di cua minh • Rit hai long • Tam hai tong • Chua hai 16ng Niml Nam2 NSm3 Nam4 Tingtilf Hinh 4: Sy hilu biit cua sinh viSn ve ky ndng ty nhan thftc qua cdc ndm hgc 3.3 Danh gid vl ky ndng tu nhan thftc cua sinh vien Trudng DLA Bdng Mftc dg hdi 16ng ve ky ndng ty nh^n thftc cua sinh vi@n Mftcd^ Ndml Ndm Ndm Ndm Rdt hdi 16ng Tam hai long Chua hai 16ng 11 11 12 11 14 16 Tong Si lirgng 10 53 37 xyif 10% 53% 37% LJ.IJillllU»l!LJJill*IMJIIIIIId NGHIEN C U U - T R \ BOI • Rdt hai long • T^m hai long • Chua hai Idng Hinh 5: Miic dd hil Idng vi 1^ ning tir nh^n thic cua sinh vien Tft nhiing mdi quan ngai vl thvrc ttang ky nang tvr nhdn thftc d sinh vien, tac gid da ddt cdu hdi "Bgn co hdi long ve ky ndng ttr nhdn thtic cda minh?" Cau hdi dua nham danh tning vdo tam ly cua mdi sinh vidn, nhdm giup cdc ban nglm l?i nhiing gi minh dang cd, hilu dupe vi?c minh dang lam va phin diu vi dieu gi? Cd 53% sd smh vien ttong tdng sd smh vien tam hai long vl ky ndng tvr nhan thftc Day la sd chilm hon phan nua khao sat Nhu vdy nlu cac ban sinh vien nhin nhdn mpt each khach quan thi mdi b ^ chi thay minh d mftc "tam" vd cin phdn diu hom nfta 37% sd sinh vien ehua hai long vl ky ndng tvr nhdn thftc bdi nhieu yeu td khdc Con sd khd thvtc te vi d nam va 2, cdc b?n deu ehua nhan dupe nhttng ddc dilm ndi bdt eua bdn than tai mdi trudng mdi, chua cd dieu kien tilp c?n ciing nhu tham gia nhieu cdc khda hpc vl ky ndng cung nhu kinh nghi?m sdng Qua nhiing ndm hpc, din dan svr thay ddi ttong y nghi, each sdng khiln cae ban chuyen din tft chua hdi long sang tam hai Idng ve ky ndng tvr nhdn thftc Mpt ttpng nhiing nguydn nhan khien sinh vien ehua hai Idng ve ky ndng tvr nhan thuc hay chi dimg lai d mue dp tam hai Idng la cde b?n ren luyen ky ndng tvr nhan thftc chua dftng each, sau nhimg ttai nghipm ttong cupe sdng eac b?n khdng due ket hay nit dupe bai hpc nap cho chinh minh Mdt khdc, cdc ban chi chft tam vd dau ta cho vife hpc ma qudn di viec ttau ddi, nang cao ban cdc ky ndng mem Thieu tvr tin, sp sai, thu ddng, khdng sang tao ciing Id mdt ttong nhumg nguyen nhdn lam cho sinh vidn chua hdi long vl ky ndng tu nhan thftc Con sd 10% sd sinh vien rit hdi long vl ky ndng tvr nh$n thftc tay chua cao nhumg cung Id dieu dang mitag vi cd mdt sd sinh vidn nhan thftc dupe bdn than, each sdng, each suy nghi tft cdc ban cam thdy hai long ve ky ndng tu: nhdn thftc cfta minh Vide tham gia cdc hoat ddng tap the, Doan, Hpi cung nhu cac ldp hpc ngp^i khda se giftp khdng it sinh vien tvr tin the hipn ban linh ca nhan, nhanh nhay ttong xu ly tinh hudng cung nhu tilp thu bdi hpc va Ivra chpn phuong phdp hpc phu hgp vdi ban than NGHIEN Ciiu - TRAO DOI Giai phdp phat trien ky ndng ty nhan thftc cho sinh vien Trudng Dai hgc Kinh te Cdng nghifp Long An • Hay bilt each tao tinh cdch rieng cfta bdn thdn Mdi ngudi ttong chung ta deu cd nhftng ban sic rit rieng, khdng gidng bat ky ve ca tinh cam, suy nghi, each sdng, Ddi vdi nhilu sinh vien, viec budc khdi mdi ttudng THPT len dai hpc la mdt svr khac bi?t Ddi ban cdm thiy e de vi ban thdn minh khdc biet vdi mpi ngudi ve each dn mac, thai dp, each sdng, chi vi nhin sai vl ban than md chung ta cd xu hudng ehdi ta quyen dupe Id chinh mmh, md thay vdo gdng dp minh de ttd thdnh mpt ngudi khac vdi nhttng suy nghi va hanh dpng khdng xuit phdt tft chinh ngudi vd nhdn cdch cua ban Khdng tten the gian Id hodn hao, dd bjn khdng cin phai cam thiy xiu hd ve nhttng diem yeu hay sai ldm cua minh Ngay ca nhttng thien tai nhu Thomas Edison cung tftng dupe thiy gido nhdn xet " tro T.Edison, trai dng Id mgt tro dot, luai vd hu Tot nhdt nen cho tro dy di chdn Ign thi han vi chiing toi thdy rdng tro dy co hgc nira thi sau ndy ciing khong Idm nen trd gi " hay nhu Albert Einstein len tadi ehua biet ndi, thiy giao khuyen cho d nhd vi nghi dng bi thilu ndng Du hodn canh cua ban nhu the ndo di nua, nhung ehi ban tin vao chinh minh va hanh dpng khdng ngimg dl dat dupe mvic tieu, dd ban se dat dupe nhilu tich nim ngodi sftc tadng tadng cua minh Nhd trudng nen dua vdo mpt sd chuyen dl eu the de phat ttien nhiing dilm manh d sinh vien Nhumg chuyen dl vl ky nang sdng gay humg thft ddi vdi sinh vidn nhung van chua gpi md cho cdc em nhilu ve cdch nhm nhiln vl bdn thdn Ben canh dd, thdi gian danh cho cdc budi chuyen dl, thao ludn qud it, chi dung lai d viec ngudi himg bipn ndi len dupe vai ttd cua cac ky nang ma chua de cac em thirc hanh, v|in dung, chua cd nhumg cudc ddi thoji that svr dl eac em nhin nhdn va danh gid Cung nen tao mpt diln dan dl cac em chia se nhung cau chuyen ddi thudng cua chinh mmh, hi day cdc em sS dupe ban be, thay cd cho nhttng Idi khuyen, ddng vien de cd the Ivra chpn cho minh cdch ftng xft phu hpp cho tang ttudng hpp cu thi Mdt sd budi giao lim, tpa dam citog cdc nhdn vjt ndi tiing, nhftng cdu chuyin cua chinh ban than hp se la ngudn ddng Ivrc, niem tin cho cac ban dang cdn phan van vl ill song cua minh Mdt ngudi thdnh dat khdng phai lii ngudi hoan hao, hp vdn cd thi cd khuyet diem Ban sS vap vap, mdc sai lim, nhung danh gia dftng cho ban than, bilt tvr tin, ban s5 tiep tvic diing vumg Hay canh gidc djnh danh gia ban than minh, thap minh qua dang, khien b ^ that bai tham gia cdng viec ma dang IS b^n cd the cdng • Thft qua nhiJng bai test ve tinh cdch va nang Ivrc Nen thilt ke va dua vao mdt sd bai test thii vi ve tinh each dl sinh vidn test thft Nhttng bai test thudng ky se giup sinh vien thdy dupe nhiing thay ddi cfta bdn thdn Cau hdi dua cdn sat vdi thvrc tl sinh vien tai Long An vi nhiing edu hdi cin dupe ddi mdi lien tuc Tuy nhien van cd mpt sd nhumg khuyin cdo b?n lam bai test: hay ldm nhftmg bai kilm tta ndy NGHIEN c u u - T R A O DOI tam tt^g cua b^n binh thudng nhit Nlu y xem phdn irng cua ban than nhu thd ndo, ddc ban dang qua vui, budn, cang thing hay dang bipt vdi nhumg nhdn xet mang tinh tidu circ ttong qud ttinh thay ddi vl tinh each thi khdng Hay chft y Idng nghe mdt each chan vd nen lam; Phai ttung thvtc vd suy nghi that ky dimg bao gid td thai dp bit can vdi nhiing Idi ttude ttd Idi, khdng nen chpn theo ly tadng phe binh mang tinh xay dvmg bdi nd ludn ludn hay vi svr tac dpng cua ngudi xung quanh; Tinh hum ich Viee chip n h ^ sy phe binh vdi suy each khd thay ddi, nhung neu quyet tam ban nghi tich cvre se giup chiing ta dan hodn thien vdn cd thi cai thien duge, vi vay ban hay trung minh han thyc ldm bai dl biet dupe nhiing dilm • Sdng lac quan vd suy nghi tich cvrc manh, diem yeu cfta ban Neu cd thdi gian, sau Nhd chinh tti ngudi Anh - Sir Winston vdi hay lam lai bai trie nghipm mdt lin Churchill timg ndi, "Ngudi bi quan nhin thay nua dl cd ket qud chinh xac nhat khd khdn mdi ca hdi, cdn ngudi lac • Hpc each lang nghe quan nhin thiy ca hdi mdi khd khdn" Danh gia dftng vl ngudi da khd, danh Mdt ban hpc each suy nghi tich cue, nhin gid dftng ve ban than minh lai cang khd khan mpi vdn de theo hudng taai sdng thi mpi cdm hom Khdng phdi ciing cd the nhan nhumg nhdn cfta ban se mang tinh tich cue Tft nhiing gidi han cua bdn than qua svr bdc Id trudc hoan cdm nhdn tich cue ban se cd nhiing hdnh dpng canh khach quan hoac nhd vao nhiing nhan dftng dan vd gat hai nhiing ket qua nhu mong xet, danh gia cfta ngudi khac De lam dugc mudn Nlu quy trinh tilp diln lien tuc dieu dd, chiing ta can phai tu ren luyen cho se tao nen mdt thdi quen tdt giftp b^n minh mdt thai dp cdi md ttong giao tiep, san cdng Dieu mdt lan nua chftng minh cho sdng lang nghe y kien cfta ngudi khdc, ca cau ngan ngft "Gieo suy nghi gat hanh ddng, dd la nhftng y kidn chi ttich hoac phe phdn gieo hdnh ddng gat thdi quen, gieo thdi quen Nhiing budi hpc ve tam iy se giup cac ban hpc gat tinh each, gieo tinh cdch gat sd phan" each lang nghe mdt each hieu qua Nhumg Nhumg chuong trinh phat ve sinh vien budi hpe gia lap dl ttd mdt "nhd tdm ly la noi de gidi thieu nhiing cdu chuyen cd that hpc" chac chan se thu hut svr quan tdm cua sinh ve cudc sdng, ve nghi luc vuom len cfta nhiing vien Khdng nhimg hpc cdch lang nghe ngudi ngudi xung quanh ta La noi de mdi sinh khac, ta nhiing cdu chuypn dupe nghe, cdc ban vien cd the gfti gdm nhftng tinh cam chan that se cd nhiing phdn tich, danh gia dl dua Idi cfta chinh minh, niem vui, ndi budn ttong khuyen hiiu hieu cho ddi phuomg Viec ndy cudc sdng Chftng ta eiing nen td chftc mdt sd khdng chi diing lai d mftc dp tam ly, ma cdn cudc thi viet vl Idi sdng lac quan de thu hftt phat huy hon nua kha ndng tilp thu, giftp ich sinh vien tham gia, nhftng cau chuyen thft vi cho sinh vien ttang qua trinh len ldp, eung nhu tit chinh ddi sdng sinh vien se la minh chftng phan tich bdi giang tten ldp cua giang vien sdng ddng giftp cac ban nhin nhan ban than Trudc nhiing Idi nhdn xet, gdp y, hay chft mdt each chan that hom AP CHI KINH TE - CONG NGHIEP NGHIEN Cii U - TRAO DOI • Hpc each giao tiep vdi bdn thdn Cd rit nhilu each dl cd thi giao tiep vdi bdn than, don gian nhit la hay ddnh rtr 1- phftt ttong ngdy dl suy nglm ve nhumg ttai nghidm cfta ban thdn ta nhung hdnh dpng, cu chi, Idi ndi den cam xftc, suy nghi vd cam giac cua CO thi Tap cho minh thdi quen ghi nhat ky, bdi nhat ky la tam guong soi de ban nhin va bilt dupe ring minh da lam dupe nhftng vide gi tdt de tiep tuc phat huy, nhumg viec lam chua tdt de chinh sua Day la each de ban trd chuyen vdi bdn thdn, vdi tdm hdn cua minh va nhdn thdy ro rdng sir thay ddi cua ban thdn qua timg Ket luan Nhumg vin de dat deu khdng phai de dang thvrc hien ngdy 2, cin phai cd s\i hd ttp, lien hgp ttt phia gia dinh, nha ttudng va xa hpi • Ddi vdi gia dinh Tuy lua tadi sinh vien da bude vao giai doan ttudng va ddc lap, nhung gia dinh ludn ddng mpt vai ttd hit sftc quan ttpng, anh hudng manh me din cac em Vi vay, dl giiip sinh vien phat trien ky ndng tvr nhdn thftc, gia dinh cin nhin nhan nghiem tac vai ttd ciia ky nang vdi em minh, quan tam, thucmg xuyen cung chia se vdi cdi nhieu hon \i cac vin dl ttong hpc tap, ddi sdng, de giup cac em cd each nghi, danh gia vd giai quyet van de Nhftng sd lieu dupe nghien cftu tai bai viet phft hpp, tich cvrc • Ddi vdi nha trudng tay chi phan anh d mdt bd phan nhd sinh vien tai Trudng DLA nhung ciing da minh chimg c i n xac dinh vai trd quan ttpng cua vi& cho nhftng van de thuc tl ddng duge quan tam phat trien ky nang tu nhan thftc ddi vdi sit phat Sd lugng sinh vien hieu biet ve ky nang tu trien nhdn each cfta cac em Nha trudng can nhdn thftc chidm ty le rdt cao nhung lai chua xdy dvmg cdc chuyen de ve ky nang tvr nhan dp dvmg vao ttong thvrc te Hau het cac sinh thftc, phdi hpp cimg cac hoat ddng ngo?i vien deu nhdn dinh dugc tdm quan ttpng cua khda dl lam da dang hinh thftc sinh hoat Cac ky ndng tvr nhan thftc Ddi vdi nhimg sinh vidn chuyen dl cin di sdu, dua nhttng tmh hudng, chua hdi long ve ky nang tvr nhan thuc, phai cau ehuyen tft thvrc te vao ndi dung chuyen de, lam each nao de eac em thay ddi, phat hien giftp cdc em de dang hinh dung va nam bat tinh ngudi minh de cac em cam thay hai long hudng Ldp hpc chi nen cd tit 25 den 35 sinh vl bdn thdn, hdi long ve cudc sdng, an tdm vien de tao dupe su: taong tac giua gidng vien hoach dinh kl hoach cho ban than Vdi nhumg va sinh vien Ben canh dd tao nhieu co hpi de sinh vien chi dimg lai d mftc tam hai long, cin sinh vien phdt hien dupe to chit cfta ban than thftc day cdc em hon nua de phdt huy nhttng thdng qua cae hoat ddng tap thi, ngoai khoa thi manh, sua chtta nhiing sai lim dl hoan Phat trien diln dan dl sinh vien neu len tieng thien minh hon Nhirng sinh vien da hai long ndi, quan diem cd nhan tten nhieu phuong vl ky nang tvr nhdn thftc cua minh thi khdng dien khac Dao tao dpi ngu chuyen ve de cdc em qua tu: tin ma sinh tu phu, khdng phat trien ky nang mim ndi chung va ky ndng cin phan diu cho ban than, gia dinh va xa hdi tu nhan thftc ndi rieng Thay ddi phuomg thirc AP CHI KINH TE - CONG NGHIEP NGHIEN c u u - T R A O DOl truyen dat ddi vdi sinh vidn dd cae em ludn thdy mdi me ttong cac tilt hpc ky ndng Nha trudng cung nen chu ddng mdi cac giang vien, hpc gid den giao luu va chia se kinh nghiem sdng vdi smh vien Vi$c tao dilu kien dl sinh vien gifta cac ttirdng giao luu, hpe hdi cung la mpt ttong nhumg phuomg phap giftp sinh vien ren luyen va nang cao ky nang tu: nhan thftc • Ddi vdi ban than sinh vien Mdi sinh vien can tnmg thvrc nhin nhan vd ban than, nhftng kha ndng ma minh dang cd Ndng ddng, sdng tao mpi trudng hgp, tan dvmg co hdi tten ghe giang dudng de phat ttien cac ky nang Lvra chpn phuang phap ren luyen ky nang tvr nhan thftc phft hpp vdi ban than Sdng lac quan, tich cue, khdng ngimg nd Ivrc hoan thien ban than va ndng cao trinh dd chuyen mdn Thudng xuyen tham gia cac CLB ky ndng, tinh nguyen he, hoat dgng Dodn, Hdi ma nha trudng td chftc vua phdt trien ky ndng sdng, vfta hpc hdi dupe kinh nghiem sdng tft nhirng ngudi xung quanh Tdi lieu Iham khdo [1] Nguydn Kim Dung (2009), Nhdn thiic vd thdi ciia hgc sinh/sinh vien ve dinh huang tucmg lai, Vien nghien ciiu giao due - Trudng DH Su pham TP HCM [2] Nguyin Quang Udn (2005), Tdm ly hgc dgi cuang, NXB Dai hpc Su Pham [3] Nguyen Thac, Pham Thanh Nghi (1992), Tdm ly hgc suphgm dgi hgc, NXB Gido dvic [4] Robert S.Felmand (2004), Tdm ly hgc cdn bdn, NXB Vdn hda - Thdng tin [5] Bd Giao dvic va Ddo tao (2006), Gido trinh Triet hgc Mdc- Lenin, NXB Chinh tti Qudc gia Ha Ndi Ngay nhan: 10/3/2015 Ngay duyet dang: 08/4/2015 AP CHI KINH TE - CONG NGHIEP ... nhieu ky nang giup ban phat huy kha nang cua minh, ftng xft thich hpp vdi nhihig vkn de ttong cupe sdng, nhung ky nang tir nhan thftc lai la ky nang nin tang nhat de ban hoan thi?n ban than va phat... lim, nhung danh gia dftng cho ban than, bilt tvr tin, ban s5 tiep tvic diing vumg Hay canh gidc djnh danh gia ban than minh, thap minh qua dang, khien b ^ that bai tham gia cdng viec ma dang IS b^n... nhiing dilm manh d sinh vien Nhumg chuyen dl vl ky nang sdng gay humg thft ddi vdi sinh vidn nhung van chua gpi md cho cdc em nhilu ve cdch nhm nhiln vl bdn thdn Ben canh dd, thdi gian danh cho cdc