QUAN LY GIAO DUC KIEM TRA DANH GIA HOAT DONG HOC TAP CUA SINH VIEN TAI T R U O N G DAI HOC HONG D O C Hodng Th! Minh Tru&ng Dgi hgc Hong Bite ABSTRACT Check evaluation is an indispensable activity in[.]
QUAN LY GIAO DUC KIEM TRA - DANH GIA HOAT DONG HOC TAP CUA SINH VIEN TAI T R U O N G DAI HOC HONG D O C Hodng Th! Minh Tru&ng Dgi hgc Hong Bite ABSTRACT Check-evaluation is an indispensable activity in the teaching process, test - assessment helps teachers understand the strengths and weaknesses of students, teachers get feedback on teaching effectiveness, check-evaluation provides an opportunity for students to show study results, is a basis for evaluating objectively itself Carry out the mission of scientific check- evaluation will be motivated student positive learning and enhance self-study ability according to study Nh4nbMngAy28/11/2013, ngityduyet£ing25/12/2013 Ddt vdn d l viSn (SV) duge ddnh gid, bao gdm: Cdc budc Dao tgo theo h | thong tin chi da trd dan din kit qud hgc tap (nghe gidng tren Idp, phuong thdc ddo tgo cd nWlu uu dilm vugt trOi nghien cdu tai li|u, trao dii thdo ludn, tham quan vd duge eac tnrdng dgi hgc, cao ddng cd thyc tl, thye hanh thyc t^p, nit kinh nghi?m, ) nude thyc hi^n Trong qud trinh thyc hifn, vi^c va muc SV dgt dugc cae yeu cau kilm tra, danh gia (KTDG) chat lugng dgy cua Nhu vdy, cd thi nhgn thay, KTDG la qud thay va ket qua hgc eua trd la vi|c lam khdng the trinh thu thgp nhimg chung cu de tren ca sd thilu De thyc sy doi mdi phuong phdp dgy hgc, biet du^c nhimg gi SVdd dgt dugc so vai nhiing thdng nhat myc tieu, qui trinh, tiSu chi va cac yeu cdu hay tieu chi di chuong trinh hinh thuc KTDG kit qud hgc tgp nhdm ndng eao mdn hgc chat lugng dao tgo, trudng Dai hge Hong Due 2.2 Vai trd,ynghta cua kiim tra-ddnh gid dd hudng dan xdy dyng va thuc hifn qui trinh 2.2.L P^jfr-d;KTDG chat lugng hpc t§p ciia KTDG kit qua hgc tap phu hgp vdi phuong thdc SV Id mOt nhung ngi dung quan trpng ddo tgo theo hgc chl tin chi Nhung, dl nh&ng dii mdi phuong phdp dgy-hge d h? thong cdc tieu chi, yeu edu dd vua thuc sy di vdo thye tien trudng dgi hpc va eao ddng KTDG chat lugng ddo tgo, vda phu hgp vdi mdi trudng dgy-hge hpc tdp cda SV mgt each chinh xac sS gidp giao d nhimg dilu ki?n khac nhau, cdng tdc KTDG vien xac djnh dugc nhihig van d l ma SV chua can cd nhieu ddi mdi d l thich dng vdi hogt dgng ndm v&ng, tir gidng vien (GV) cd thi tim hieu day - hgc vd gdp phdn tgo hi?u qua cao cho cdng nguyen nhdn va thay dii phuong phdp giang dgy tac KTDG cho phd hgp KTDG chdt lugng hgc tdp cua SV Ngi dung theo hudng tich eye cdn la bi9n phdp thdc ddy 2.L Khai ni?m kiim tra - ddnh gid: Kiem dgng ca hgc tap cho SV Ket qua KTDG chinh tra - danh gid cd the md ta nhu mgt qua trinh bao xdc se Id co sd d l SV nhgn rd nh&ng mdt hgn che gom: Mieu td cdc kit qud hge tap mong dgi va eua bdn than d l cd hudng khdc phyc Nhu vgy, cdc tieu chi de ddnh gia; thu th^p eac chung cd KTDG dgy hgc ed vai trd rdt quan trgng nhu bai kiem tra li thuylt, bai kilm tra thyc hanh doi vdi vi?c nang eao chdt lugng hgc t|ip cda SV, (sdn phdm cy the); ddnh gia mdc dg ngudi hgc phdt huy dugc tinh tich cue, chd dgng vi?c dat dugc cac tieu chi neu yeu cau chuong ITnh hgi kien thuc cda ngudi hgc, trinh mdn hge Cae tieu chi KTDG la nh&ng 2.2.2 Y nghia: KTDG cd ^ nghTa rdt quan chuan ma dya vao dd kit qua hge t$p cda sinh trgng dgy va hgc Doi vdi SV, dd la eg hgi \l • TAP CHl THI^BIGlAO DUC-sd 101-1/2014 •illHilllilMilillMII dl thi hi?n kit qud hgc tgp; thdng tin phdn hoi vdn, tgo dOng luc, thd cho SV hgc ve mde dO ndm vihig tri thdc; ddng then tgo co tgp va nghien cdu; ren luyen khd ndng sd dyng sd de ty ddnh gid khdch quan ban than va tgo ngdn ngii mgch Igc giao tilp; dong thdi CO hgi cho sy phdt triln cda ngudi hge Dii vdi giup GV cd dugc thdng tin phdn hoi dl dieu GV, KTDG cho biet thdng tin vl diem mgnh chinh vi?c dgy cda minh cho phu hgp Hinh thue vd dilm yeu cua ngudi hge; thdng tin phdn hoi KTBG giup GV ddnh gid duge mdc dp tiep thu vl hi^u qud gidng dgy cda bdn than vd bdng kiln thdc, khd ndng tu duy, ITnh hdi kiln thdc chdng vl khd ndng ngudi hgc cd thi dgt dugc cua SV gid hgc kit qud hgc tap, td dd ngudi dgy cd cdch xu II - KTDG dinh M bao gdm nhiiu hinh thirc: ho§e thay doi phuong phdp giang dgy cho phu + Bdi tap cdc nhdn/tuan: Ren luy?n tinh hgp KTDG m^t cdeh ed khoa hgc s6 gdp phdn chd dgng, tieh eye, dge Igp nghien curu tich eye vao viec nang eao hi?u qud cdng tdc Yeu cau S V phdi dge trudc tdi lif u d nha, chudn dgy - hgc h? thing cdc trudng dgi hpc vd bj nh&ng ngi dung cdn phat bilu, trao doi thdo cao ddng lugn tren Idp Vdi logi bai tgp nay, GV cd thi ddnh gid dugc ndng luc ty hgc, tu nghien cdu 2.3 Cdc hinh thiec kiim tra - ddnh gid Trudc kia, dao tgo theo nien chl, cua SV kit qud hgc tap cua SV duge ddnh gid bdng dilm + Bdi tgp nhdm/thang: Ddi hdi phai cd sy thi kit thue hge phdn (dilu 8, Qui ehi ddo tgo DH tuotig tdc gi&a ede vi€n nhdm dl ban hdnh theo QD s6 04/1999/QD-BGD&DT cdng hoan thdnh nhi^m vy Loai bdi tgp ngdy 11/2/1999 cda B0 hudng BO GD & DT^ giup ddnh gid SV m^t si ki ndng cdn thilt "Diim di ddnh gid kit qud hgc tgp cua hgc phdn nhu: KT ndng qudn li, lanh dgo, phan bl thdi gian li thityit la diim thi kit thdc hgc phdn" Dii vdi hgp li dl gidi quylt vdn dl cda ngi dung mdn hge phdn cd cd thye hdnh vd Ii thuyet, phan thyc hge hanh Id dieu ki?n Ae xet dy thi li thuylt vd "diim + Bdi tgp Idn/hgc ki: Gdn Hen vdi vdn dl thi phdn li thuyit la diim thi kit thuc hgc phdn" li ludn hoac thuc nghiem, thi nghi?m vd phdi Vdi qui dinh ndy, SV chi t§p trung hgc vao didi xdy dyng dugc ede tieu ehi ddnh gid Cdn ed gian chudn bj thi kit thdc hgc phan md khong eo vdo chat lugng, muc dO hodn thdnh bai tgp ma gdng hgc tgp thudng xuy6n ea qud trinh GV cd thi kilm tra dugc kT ndng ty nghifin edu, hge t|ip ty hgc cua SV suit hgc ki; danh gid dugc Hinh thdc KTDG nhu trudc ddy khdng cd ndng lyc tu duy, kT ndng phan tieh, tong hgp dgng lyc thdc day SV tich eye hpc tap thudng vi?c gidi quyet nhi?m vy; ddnh gid dugc xuyfin dk ndm vung kiln thuc Trong hge chl khd ndng su dyng tdi li?u, cdng ngh? thdng tin, tin chi, vi?c ddnh gia kit qua hge tgp cua SV khd ndng sd dyng ngdn ngft, kha ndng trinh bay khdng chi bdng cac bdi kilm tra vd bai thi cuoi khoa hge eda SV hgc phdn ma cdn bdng cac hmh thdc ddnh gid: + KTDG gi&a ki va cuoi ki: Hinh thdc cd Cdc hogt dgng tren lop (so buli cd mat, thdi dp thi Id bdi thi vilt, van ddp, tilu lugn, Day la hgc tgp, thdo lu§n); vi^c ty hgc d nha (phdt bilu hinh thdc KTDG quan trpng, danh gid todn di$n thdo ludn nhdm, thdi gian va chdt lugng myc tieu nhgn thdc, khd ndng phdn tich, tong hoan thdnh cac bai tgp GV giao vl nhd); tim hgp, sdng tgo cda SV hilu thdng tin kien thdc tren mgng; thyc hdnh Nhu vgy, KTDG kit qud hpc tgp todn bp hgc till nghi?m, tim hieu thyc tl; bdi thi kit thdc hgc phdn cda SV sS Id sy kit hgp cua hinh thdc phdn, KTDG thudng xuyen vd KTDG djnh ki Trong - KTDG thudng xuyim Dugc tien hanh qud trinh dgy hge, GV edn biit vgn dyng mgt suot thdi gian day - hge hgc phdn, cdch linh hogt, sdng tao cac hinh thuc KTDG gid li thuylt, thyc hanh, xemina, gid tu cho phu hgp vdi n^i dung vd doi tugng dl dgt TAP CHt THifr Bl GlAO DUC - Sd 101 -1/2014 • 13 OUAN LY GIAO DUC - Phd bien tdi ngudi hgc todn bg qui trinh dugc cdc myc tieu da dl chuong trinh mdn hgc Viec danh gid lien tyc cac hogt dpng KTDG dl SV chu ddng xdy dyng kl hogch, hgc tgp sudt qua trinh se 1dm giam tinh phdn dau dgt dugc myc tieu cua hge phan Yeu trang nhoi nhet kien thdc vd gidm bdt sde ep eua cdu SV thyc hien nghiem tuc qui trinh KTDG ddi vdi hgc phdn, ren luyen cho SV mgt so kT thi cudi hpc phan 2.4 Gidi phdp nang cao hifu qud kiim tra ndng ty hgc, tu nghien cuu, tinh dge lgp, ty chu - ddnh gid tgi khoa Gido d^ic Mdm non trudngtrong giai quylt nhi?m vy hgc tdp, hoan thdnh cdc bai kilm tra theo diing kl hogch, giao nhi?m Dgi hgc Hong Dire KTDG da cd quy djnh va hudng din cy thi, vy cy the, gidi thi?u vd hudng din SV sd dyng nhung vi6c thye thi nd thyc tiln day hgc cdc tdi li?u cd liSn quan den mdn hgc GV cung vln ggp nhilu Idid khan Ld mdt GV nhieu nam phai danh gid chdt lugng hgc tap eua SV mdt lam cdng tdc giang dgy tai bp mdn Dinh Duong, each chinh xac, cdng khai mdi tgo dugc sy cdng khoa Giao due Mdm non, trudng Dai hge Hong bang va niem tin cho ngudi hgc Doi vdi phan Ddc, ban than tdi nhgn rdng, mudn Idm tdt thye hdnh, yeu cdu nhdm phdi cd dugc sdn pham cdng tdc KTDG, ngoai viec thuc hi^n cac quy cy the, cd chat lugng Cdc tiSu chi danh gid phdi dinh chung, GV cdn phai thuc hi?n ddng bg mOt xdy dyng phu hgp vdi ngi dung va thdng bao cho SV tu trudc so giai phdp sau: - Lgp ke hogch thyc hi?n qui trinh KTDG Chdng hgn, d bd mdn Dinh Dudng, Ichi vao cac thdi diem tuong dng qud trinh dgy thyc hdnh che bien mdn dn cho tre Mam non hpc Dii vdi hpc phdn Dinh dudng tre em tin theo Ida tuoi Cdc tieu chi danh gid (moi tieu ehi, KTDG thudng xuyen dugc thyc hi§n chi/1 dilm) vdi nh&ng ygu edu: ddm bao dd suot qud trinh dgy hgc hgc phdn: KTDG bdi tgp chat, du lugng theo Ida tudi; khdu phdn phii ca nhdn vao euli m5i chuong ehuang truih hgp vdi kinh phi ddng gdp cua phy huynh; mdn hpc; KTDG bdi tgp nhdm d cac npi dung lya chgn thyc phdm chdt lugng tot sdn cd d thye hanh (xay dyng khau phdn va thye don, dja phuong; cdc mdn dn phai phu hgp vdi tre, dieu tra khau phan, che bien mgt so mdn dn cho mau sdc vd mui vj hap dan; thyc hi?n theo ddy tre); Kiem tra gi&a ki sau ket thue mgt tin ehi va chuyin hogt dgng cda bIp chilu; sdp xep euli hgc phdn la bai kilm tra cuoi ki dung ggn gang, khoa hgc; thdi gian ddm bdo; - Xdy dyng hg thdng cdu hdi, bdi tgp, ngi thao tac nhanh, ggn, dung kT thugt; v? sinh an toan qui trinh chl biln; chat lugng san dung thdo lugn eho cac hinh thuc KTDG tuang dng: GV xdy dyng cac tieu chi ddnh gid phu hgp pham tit vdi myc tieu cua chuong trinh Vdi hinh thuc Nhu vgy, dl hoat dgng ddo tgo dgt hi?u qud, KTDG thudng xuyen GV sd dyng logi cdu hdi GV cdn phai thyc hi^n mgt each nghiem tiic, yeu cdu SV gidi quylt nhi?m vy tgi Idp linh hogt vd sang tgo cac qui trinh KTDG hogt cdc gid Ii thuyet, thyc hanh thdo lugn dOng hgc tgp cda SV, biit van dyng nh&ng quy Danh gia ndng lyc ty hge, ty nghien cuu cda SV djnh chung KTDG vdi vi^c vgn dyng linh thdng qua h? thong bai tgp cd nhan Danh gia cac hogt eac gidi phdp tihh huong dk khdng ngiing kT ndng cdn thilt nhu kT nang qudn li, to chdc nang cao chdt lugng ddo tgo Idnh dgo, phan phii thdi gian de hoan thdnh Kit lugn nhifm vu thdng qua cac bdi tap nhdm (thdo lugn Ndng cao hi?u qua KTDG hogt dgng hpc tren Idp, thyc hanh tgi phdng thi nghi9m, tham tgp eua SV dao tgo theo hgc ehi tin chi quan thyc te) Cau hdi kilm tra gi&a ki va cuoi ki Id vi?e lam can thiet Vdi cae hinh thdc KTDG mang tinh chdt danh gia todn dien cdc myc tieu nhu tren, danh gia kit qua hgc tgp cua SV nhgn thdc, khd ndng phan tich, tong hgp, nang khdng chi Id kit qua eda bai thi cuoi ki md la lyc tu cua SV tong hgp ket qua danh gia cua cdc bai kilm tra P(em tiip trang 18) 14 • TAP CHt THlfTBIGlAO DUC-sd 101-1/2014 NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG cua sy cdng (khi lam san phdm TC) Va lua chgn ve nguyin vgt lieu (logi, mdu sdc, hinh qud mang tinh hien hihi, cu thi nhu vgy dgng, kich thudc ), dung cu va cdch thitc trang cd tdc dOng khdng nhd din nhu cdu, thii tri de sang tgo cdc sdn pham da dgng khdc c Ba dgng ve cdch thitc trang tri sdn phdm hgc tgp cua HS - ddy id mdt nhihig dgng Vdi cac bai TC, GV thudng cho HS 1dm san lyc quan trpng thuc ddy HS tich eye hogt dpng Ban than HS tich cue hogt ddng ciing chinh Id pham rli tu trang tri va trung bay sdn pham dieu ki?n thue ddy cdc em tim tdi vd the hi^n khd theo y thich va kha ndng sdng tgo ciia timg em, tung nhdm Viec dugc ty trang tri sdn nang sang tgo cua ban than 2.5 Cung cdp nhitng lua chgn da dgng cho pham theo f muon tgo cho eac em tdm Ii thoai mdi dl thda sue thi hign ede y tudng, nhd ma GVvd HS thi hien susdng tgo a Da dgng ve cdch thuc td chii-c cdc hogtphdt huy tri tudng tugng va khd ndng sdng tgo dgng dgy hgc TAI LI|:U THAM KHAO M6i bdi TC (2 tilt) nhu hudng din Le Thi Bdng, "Thyrc trgng vd bi$n phdp SGV thudng gom hogt dgng chu ylu, do: tiet Id hogt ddng quan sdt, nhgn xet mdu vd ndng cao tri sdng tgo cua sinh vien tru&ng dgi hu&ng ddn thao tdc mdu; tilt la hoat dgng thuc hgc My thugt Cdng nghi?p" (lugn an Tien sX), Ha hdnh lam vd trang tri sdn phdm Tuy nhien, ed Ngi.(2007) nhihig bdi hge khdng nhdt thilt phdi thye hi^n Jack Poster, "Mgt nira ciia 13 la 8", NXB ddng tiln trinh tilt (3 hogt dgng) nhu SGV Lao dpng - Xa hgi, Hd Ngi.(2012) hudng din Tdy dieu ki?n ma GV lya chgn tien 3- Pham Thanh Nghj, "Nhirng vdn di tdm li trinh to chdc dgy hgc eho phu hgp hgc sdng tgo", NXB Dgi hgc su phgm, Hd Noi b Da dgng vi lua chgn nguyen vdt li?u vd (2011) dd diing, dmg cy thyc hdnh LS Thj Nguyen, "Cdi tiin dgy hgc Thu Ngodi mgt so quy dinh bat huge eho tirng cdng nhdm phdt triin tu ki thugt cho HS' nOi dung thye hanh nhu: (1) sd d dk xe, cdt, ddn (lugn vdn Thgc si) (2010) hinh, (2) hinh dang td gidy (gidy huih eh& nhgt TS Vu Thj Son, "Xdydimgvd thunghi^m hay hinh vudng, ) dk gdp hinh, (3) mau sde eua mgt so bdi tgp tim hieu tu nhien vd xd hdi theo td gidy dl lam biin bdo giao thong vd Id c& chu di nham phdt triin tinh chu dgng, sdng tgo vdng; edn tuj' dilu ki?n thyc te, GV vd HS hgc tgp cda hgc sinh tiiu hgc*'' (^k tdi c6 the dung nhihig vgt li?u thay thi khde dl NCKH cap BO, md so B2007-17-58).(2009) 1dm thu cdng (dung gidy vd cd ke d, gidy mau, Tony Buzan, "Sue mgnh cua tri tu4 sdng hog bao ) Nhu vgy, mdn hpc cho HS nhieu tgo", NXB Tong hgp TP HCM (2013) KIEM TRA - DANH GIA HOAT DONG HOC TAP thuong xuy€n, giua lei va cuoi ki Vi$c ddnh gid lien t^c cac hoat d^ng hoc tap se lam giam nh? st^c ^p cua thi cu6i ki, gidm tinh trang nhoi nhet kien thiic d^ thi Do v^y ma t^o di^u kifn de ki^n thurc den vdi SV m^t cdch nh? nhdng theo kieu boi ddp diin dan, SV s€ khdng xem vifc hpc nhu mpt gdnh n^g, giip nguM hpc phdt trien cdc ndng I\rc tu duy, ndng cao khd ndng tvr hpc theo kieu nghien cihi, tu ma hieu va ySu thich mon hpc lion 11 • TlV CHt THierB)GlA0DVC-s6101-1/2014 (Tilp theo trang 14) TAI LIpU THAM KHAO LS Thi Mai Hoa - Le trpng son, Giao trinh Dinh chOng tre em, NXB DHSP Hd Npi, ndm 2004 PGS TS Le Vdn Tni6ng, P Hi$u tru6ng trudmg Dai hpc Hong Die - JWp( sd vin di Sao tgo theo hgc chi lin chi, Tai lif u chuyen khdo, ndm 2007 Gido trinh Ddnh gid gido dy^c mdm non, NXB Gido dye, HdNpi, ndm 2008 ... nh&ng ngi dung cdn phat bilu, trao doi thdo cao ddng lugn tren Idp Vdi logi bai tgp nay, GV cd thi ddnh gid dugc ndng luc ty hgc, tu nghien cdu 2.3 Cdc hinh thiec kiim tra - ddnh gid Trudc kia, dao... cao hifu qud kiim tra ndng ty hgc, tu nghien cuu, tinh dge lgp, ty chu - ddnh gid tgi khoa Gido d^ic Mdm non trudngtrong giai quylt nhi?m vy hgc tdp, hoan thdnh cdc bai kilm tra theo diing kl... phuong; cdc mdn dn phai phu hgp vdi tre, dieu tra khau phan, che bien mgt so mdn dn cho mau sdc vd mui vj hap dan; thyc hi?n theo ddy tre); Kiem tra gi&a ki sau ket thue mgt tin ehi va chuyin