TAP CHi KHOA HQC T R U ^ G PAl HQC HONG P£)C S6 BAC BlgT (S 2017) NHAN THUC CUA SINH VIEN TRUCfiNG D^I HOC HONG DlTC VE VIEC S 6 N G THU" Bdi viet dd neu lin ihuc trang nhgn thirc ve viic sdng thu cua[.]
TAP CHi KHOA HQC T R U ^ G PAl HQC HONG P£)C - S6 BAC BlgT (S 2017) NHAN THUC CUA SINH VIEN TRUCfiNG D^I HOC HONG DlTC VE VIEC S N G THU" Bdi viet dd neu lin ihuc trang nhgn thirc ve viic sdng thu cua sinh vien Tru&ng Dai hpc Hong Due Qua kit qud nghien ciru chiing tdi nhdn thdy rdng, sink vien Tnr&ng Dgi koc Hdng Dire dd co hiiu biel nhal dinh vi bdn chdt, nguyen nhdn, hdu qud viec sdng ihu Tuy nhien, su hiiu biit m&i chi tuang ddi ddy dii Vi vdy cdn Ihiit phdl cd nhirng bien phdp tdc ddng lick cue nhdm ndng cao nhdn ddi v&i viic sdng thu cho gidi tre ndi chung vd sink vien Tru&ng Dgi hoc Hong Due ndi ning Tit khda: Nhdn thirc, smh viin, sdng thu l.DAT VANDE Nhdn thdc la mdt ba mat co ban cua ddi sdng tam iy ngudi, cd chuc ndng phan anh su val hien tugng ttong the gidi Idiach quan, lam sdng td sy vdt hien tugng giiip cho hoal ddng cua ngudi ttd nen nhdl qudn han, Nhdn thuc tham gia vao cic hogl dgng tam ly cua ngudi va cd chdc ndng phan dnh khdc Sdng thd khdng phdi Id mdl van de mdi, nhung thdi gian gan ddy no dang cd nguy ca lan rdng nhu mgt "djch benh" vdi mdc va tinh chat ngdy cdng phdc tap Ddi tugng dugc ndi din d day lgi roi vao mpt bg phdn gidi tti dd cd sinh vien Gin ddy, mdt s6 cong ttinh nghien cim cua cdc tdc gia da chi ring, cd nhilu ylu td din din tinh ttang ndy, ttong yeu td cdn ban !a nlidn thdc, quan diem ISch chudn cua mgt bg phan gidi tte ddn din tinh ttang Igm dung ty dl chgy theo ldi sdng hudng thy ma hg cho Id hop thai, sdnh dieu; hg bo qua nhung gia tri dao due id nin tang cdt yeu cua ngudi Hien nay, mdl bd phdn sinh vien Trudng Dai hgc Hdng Ddc (DHHD) cdng chm dnh hudng bdi trao luu dd, nen din din tinh trang sdng thii Di sdu tim higu thuc trang vd cd nhflng bien phdp han ehl linh trang sdng thu id vdn de rdt cap thill ca ve ly lugn va thuc lien NQI DUNG NGHIEN CUU 2.1 Khai niem song thd ' Giang vien khoa Tdm ly - Gido due Truimg Dai hgc Hdng Diic AP CHI KHOA HQC, TRUONG B^l HQC HONG BCIC - SO P,itC Bl^ (5 2017) Sdng thu dirge hieu dudi nhieu gdc dd khac nhau, luy nhien phan idn cdc nha nghien cdu diu thing nhat cho rang: sdng thu Id viec hai ngu&i chung sdng \di nhu va chdng ti-u&c hdn nhdn md chua cd su rdng huge ve mdt phdp ly Xuit phil til quan mem vl sdng thd nhu tren, ttong phgm vi nghien cdu ndy chung loi liln hdnh khao sdi thirc Irgiig nhan thuc cda sinh vien (SV) Tnrdng DHHD vc viec sing Ihu gdm nhung ndi dung sau, Quan niem ciia SV vl vific sdng Ihd; Nguyen nhan ddn din linh ttang sdng thir, Vai trd cua vice sdng thd; Hau qua ciia viec sdng thd, 2.2 Phuong phip nghien cuu va thang dinh gia D I nghien cilu thyc trang nhdn thdc ciia SV Trudng DHHD vc viec sdng thu, chung ldi su dyng cdc phuong phap sau; Phucmg phdp dicu tra bdng bdng hdi Phuang phdp quan sai; Phuong phip xu ly sd lieu thdng ke loan hgc, su dung phan mem SPSS phienban 16 Chiing tdi su dung tliang mire (5 bac) [6] de ddnh gia mdc dg nhgn Ihirc cua SV ve viec sdng thd nhu sau' Muc Nhan thuc ral day du, dung dan; Mdc dg 4- Nhan Ihuc day dii, diing dan; Mdc 3; Nhan thdc tuong ddi day dii, diing dan, Mdc 2: Nhan thuc chua ddy dii chua diing dan; Mdc dd Nhdn thdc sai lech 2.3 Ket qua nghien cdu De lim hilu vin de ndy chiing ldi nghien cim 200 SV ndm thu 2, ttong dd- 30 SV khoa Tdm ly - Giao due, 60 SV khoa Su pham Mim non, 50 SV khoa Khoa hgc Tu nhien, 60 SV khoa Kmh ll - Qudn In kinh doanh trudng Dai hgc Hing Ddc Kit qua nghien cira nhu sau 3.1 Quan mim ciia sinh vien tnr&ng Dgi hoc Hdng Dire ve sdng ihir Viec sing thu Irong gidi SV khdng cdn la mdl dilu xa la Tuy nhien, quan mem ciia SV tnrdng DHHD vc song thu nhu ihl nao'' Lieu cd ldn tai nhflng SV chi Ihiy dugc be noi cua van de, hay Iham ehi Id co quan niem sai, suy nghi sai lech vl "sdng Ihu"? De lim cau ttd ldi chimg loi liln hdnh lim hilu quan mem cua SV vl "sdng Ihit" Kcl qua thu dugc d bdng I Bang Quan ni|m ciia sinh vien Trudng Dgi hgc Hong Due vl song thu Ndi dung Hai ngudi sdng vdi Irudc hdn nhan nliu va chong nhung chua co su rdng buoc vl phap ly Hai nguai cd quan he vdi tnidc hdn nhdn nhu vg chong nhimg chua chung sing cung Nam DTB DLC DTB Nd 3,53 66 3,63 70 2,85 69 2,52 0,72 DLC TAP CHi KHOA HQC, TRijdNG DAI HQC HONG B I C - s o Pj.CBIF.T(S 20171 Hai ngudi chung sdng ciing trudc hdn nhan nhimg chua quan he nhu vg chong Hai ngudi ban ngdy sinh hogt cung nhimg tdi thi ve nha niy Trung binh chung 2,67 72 2,21 0.76 2,57 0,69 2.38 77 2,90 2,68 Kei qua diu tra cho thdy, phan Idn SV Tnrdng DHHD cd quan niem "luang doi ddy dii, diing ddn" vl sdng thd Dieu dd the hign d DTB chung ca nam va nd dilu dat mdc dd Quan niem gifla nam vd nu cd chenh lech, ttiy nhien khdng cao (nam, DTB 2,90) > nu, DTB: 68, chSnh lech: 0,22) Dilu cho thiy, SV nam cd su quan tam tim hieu viec "sdng thu" nliieu hon SV nfl Su chenh l^ch cd gia tti thdng ke vdi P < 05 De tim hieu sdu iicm quan niem cua SV Trudng DHHD vl song tliu, chiing toi xel tung ndi dung cy the Trong tit ca cic ndi dung (bing 2.1) md chdng lot dua ra, quan mem cda S V nam vd nd ve sdng thd la "Hai ngudi sdng vdi nhy vg chdng tnidc hdn nhan nhung chua cd sy rdng budc vl phdp 1^" dugc SV lya chgn nhieu nhat, vdi so DTB khd cao (DTB cua nam 3,57, DLC 0,66; DTB cda nfl 3,63, DLC: 0,70) Dilu cho thiy, phan idn SV dieu quan mem tucmg ddi day dii, dung dan ve sdng thu Day Id yeu td rat quan trgng giup cho cdc ban SV cd nhung dinh liudng dung dan va c6 hanh vi img xu phil hap ttong quan he yeu duong giua hai gidi Tilp din la quan niem vl sdng thu: "Hai ngudi cd quan he vdi irudc hdn nhan nhu vg chdng nhung chua chung sdng ciing nhau", DTB: 2,85, DLC 0,69 - ddi vdi nam va DTB: 2,52, DLC; 0,72 - ddi vdi nu Thdp nhit la quan niem ve sdng thu "Hai ngudi ban ngdy sinh hogt ciing nhung loi Ihi ve nha nay", DTB: 2,57, DLC 0,69 (nam), va "Hai ngudi chung sing cimg trudc hdn nhan nhung chua quan he nhu vg chdng", DTB: 2,2], DLC: 0,76 (nu), Vdi quan niem mang linh trao luu nhu vgy khiln mdl sd bgn SV dl thd minh theo cuoc "sdng thd", khdng thiy hap thi chia tay, khdng cdn xem trgng viec he cd ddi la hdn nhdn va hgnh phuc gia dinh Ddnh gid ciia sinh viin Tnr&ng Dai hpc Hdng Dire ve nguyen nhdn cua song ihir Tinh trang sdng thu da dien d mgt bg phan SV hien Tuy nhien, tu quan he yeu duang di din quylt dmh chung sdng vdi nhu vg chdng cua mdi ddi uyen uang la khdc nhau, Vdy nguyen nhan ndo ddn din linh trang song thu cua cac ban S V D I ttd Idi cau hdi ndy chiing ldi dd liln hanh khao sat va kit qua thu dugc nhu sau TAP CHJ KHOA HQC, T R U O N G D,^l HQC H N G DtfC - S6 BAC BIET (5, 2017) Bang Dinh gid ciia sinh vien Trudng Dgi hgc Hong Due vc nguyen nhan ciia song thu Not dung Vi hai ngudi yeu nen mudn sdng thu de thuan igi cho viec cham sdc cho sing thd xem cd hgp hay khdng de di den hdn nhan S6ng tiiu de tim chd dua hay diem tiia tinh than, tinh cdm sdng xa nhd Sdng thd de giai quyet nhflng vdn de khd khan ve Idi chinh, net kiem chi phi Sdng Ihu nhdm thda man nhtmg nhu cdu sinh iy Sdng thu vi td md, mudn Idiam phd bin Ihin Sdng Ihd theotirdoluu, mdt, bal chude ban be Trung binh chung Nam DTB DLC Nd DTB DLC 3,03 78 3,0 0.78 2,96 0.79 2,92 0,69 2,85 0.73 2,82 0,73 2,71 0.86 2,25 0,76 2,82 0,66 2,71 0,70 2,62 0,72 2,81 2,77 2,65 2,26 0.69 0.77 0.76 2,66 Ket qud bang eho thdy, ddnh gid ciia SV ve nguyen nhdn sdng thd cua SV nam va nu cd su tuong ddng Idid cao, dg chenh Igch khdng dang ke (do chenh lech DTB ciia nam va nu id 0,15 diem) Sy khac biet cd y nghTa thdng ke vdi P < 0,05 Theo ddnh gia cua cac ban SV (cd nam va nfl) dugc khao sat thi nguyen nhan cua viec sdng thd la rat cao dep- "Vi iiai ngirdi yeu nen mudn sdng tiid dl thuan im cho viec chdm sdc cho nhau", DTB kha cao: (nam, DTB id 3,03, DLC, 0,78; nfl DTB la3,0,DLC 0,78),xIpthdi Tuy nhien, qua tilp xue, quan sdt ciia chung tdi thi rit il ddi nam nd SV tiln ldi hdn nhan sau thai gian sdng thu Phdn Idn cac SV sau tdt nghigp trudng, vi tti dia ly, linh chat cdng viec mdi ban di mdl hudng khdc nhau, cai ggi la "vi tinh yeu" cung di iheo mdi ngudi Mot sd khdc, sau mpl thdi gian sdng vdi nhau, nlu thiy phii hgp thi hg lien ldi hdn nhan chinh thuc, cdn nlu thay khong phu hgp, hg se chia toy Dilu ndy cho thdy, cac bgn tre "sdng thu" truac hon nhan khong chi anh hudng eua van hda phuang Tay md cdn ldi sdng qud buong tha de dai dua ddi theo ban be Ddng that, dnh hudng cda nen van hda "toe mot so ban tte quan mem vl linh yeu "rat hien dgi" hay cdn got "linh yeu toe dg" Mdl ttong nhung nguyen nhan ma cdc bgn SV (ea nam va nu) ly giai cho viec sdng Ihd cua minh la "Sdng Ihu xem cd hgp hay khdng dl di din hdn nhdn" cd DTB cung kha cao (nam, DTB id 2,96; nu, DTB Id 2,92) Tilp din Id "Tim cho dua vl nidi linh than, thda mdn nhu ciu sinh ly, id md mudn khdm pha ban tiian" Rieng viec sdng thu id de "Gidi quyll khd khan vl toi ehinh, tilt kigm ehi phi" gida SV nam va nu CO su chenh lech dang kl, nam DTB id 2.71 xIp thu 5; nd DTB Id 2,25 xIp cudi cung TAP CHI KHOA HQC TRtfONG BAI HQC H Q N G PtTC - S6 BAC BIgT (S, Z Tu diyc trgng tten cho thiy, cd nhilu nguyen nhdn din din tinh ttang "sing thu" ciia SV Tnrdng DHHD Ben each ly la "vi linh yen" cdn cd su td md, su thda man nhu cdu smh ly tim thudng cua bdn than, de khing dinh minh, sy ldc ddng hi phia ngudi yeu, hgc ddi theo mdt, chd chua cd dmh hudng thyc sy cho ttrang lai, 2.3 Nhdn ikirc cua sinh viin Tnr&ng Dgi hoc Hdng Due vi vai trd cua song thir Kit qua khdo sdt nhan thdc ciia SV Trudng DHHD vl vai tid cda sing thd dugc chiing tdi long hgp d bang Bang Nhgn Ihuc eda sinh vicn ve vai tro ciia s6ng thu Ngi dung Dugc trai nghiem cudc sdng trudc hdn nhan Chia se vdi vetoichinh Chia se vdi ve linh cam phdi sdng xa nha De hieu rd ve hon Trung binh tdng the Nam DTB DLC 2,39 0,79 2,75 0.81 2,82 69 2,7! 0.54 2,66 Nu DTB DLC 2,40 0.75 2,66 59 2,68 0,72 2,03 0,56 2,44 Td ket qua bang 2.3 cho thay, theo danh gia ciia cac SV, sdng thu cd vai trd nhat dinh ddi vdi ddi sdng ciia hp cd ve vat chat lan tinh than Dieu ma dong dao cac SV (ca nam va nd) mong mudn nhieu nhat ttong cudc sdng thd la duac "Chia se vdi vl tinh cam phdi sdng xa nha", Chinh vi vgy, dugc hdi, sdng thu mang igi cho bgn igi ich gi thi da sd cdc bgn lya chgn phuang an Dieu dd the hien d DTB 2.82, DLC- 0,69 - ddi vdi nam; DTB: 2,68, DLC' 0.72 - dli vdi nd, Dilu hoan lodn phu hgp vdi nhu ciu thilt ylu ciia phin ldn SV din td cac vung miln khac nhau, cudc sdng xa nha thilu Ihdn tinh cam cda cha me va nhung ngudi than gia dinh nen hg tim din dl "nuang tua" vdo nhu mdl sy tdt yeu ciia cudc sdng, Tilp din la viec sdng thd se giup cho cdc SV cd Ihl "Chia se vdi vl tai chinh", DTB cd nam vd nd diu dat mdc dg Dilu ril ddc bigt ddi vdi SV nam, md phin ldn cdc ban chi lieu toi chinh thilu linh kl hogch ddn den linh ttang "lam phat" va gidl phap tdi uu cho vin dl la tim "nuang nhd" ben ban gai ciia minh Ben cgnh do, theo ddnh gia cua SV thi sdng thu ciing giup ich cho cac ban eo the hilu hon vl ngudi bgn cda minh, cd thi tich luy cho minh them kinh nghiem de buoc vao cugc sdng hon nhdn gia dinh sau khdi bd nga NIU vdy, viec sdng tiid khdng hoan todn lieu eye nhu mgi ngudi vdn Ihudng danh gid Tuy nhien, xet theo ttuyin thdng dgo due, Ihuin phong my ttic ciia Vigt Nam thi "sdng thd" Id ldi sdng khdng phli hap, khdng nen khuyin khieh, rat cd thi Idc ddng xiu din ddi sdng vd mang lai nhilu hdu qud dang lilc cho ban than, gia dinh va xa hgi 55 TAP CHI KHOA HQC T R L N G BAI HQC H N G B d C - SO BAC Blf-I (S 2017) Nkdn Ihuc ciia sinh vien Tnr&ng Dai hoc Hdng Due vi hgu qud ciia viec sdng line Hau qud cua viec sing Ihd cd ihl xdy md khdng cd thi ludng trudc dugc Vdy nhdn thuc cua SV vl vin dl nhu the nao? Kit qud chung tdi thu duac d bdng 4, Bang Nh?n thiic cua sinh vien ve hiu qud ciia viec song thu Not dung Nam DTB TB 2,71 0,69 2,21 0.54 2,5 0.75 2,75 0.59 2,6 0.72 2,57 0.56 Kei qua hoc tap sa siit Phai bd hgc gifla chimg Mang thai ngodi y mudn Bl lay nhiem cdc benh qua dudng tinh due Gay mat an todn va bat on cho xd hdi Lam cho gia dmh cam thay xdu hd ttudc mgi ngudi Cd the mac mgt sd benh ve tdm ly; mac cam tdi ldi, 2,82 0.65 budn ran, mat ty tin, gidm sy ton ttgng bdn than Trung binh ldng the 2,43 Nfl DTB TB 2,92 0.64 2,11 53 2,95 0,52 2,69 0.67 2,48 61 2,32 50 2,94 0.74 2.53 Nhin chung, phdn idn SV dd nhgn thdc tuong ddi day du, diing ddn vl hau qua cua vigc sdng thu doi vdi ban than, gia dinh va xa hdi Trong dd, nhan thuc ciia SV nam va nd diu CO sutirongddng, diem TBC cua nam Id 2,43 nfl 2,53, chenh lech ril il (0,1), Day ia dau hieu dang milng vi cdc ban da cd nhirng hieu bilt nhil dinh vl hau qua ciia viec sdng thd hi dd gdp phan lam ban che tinhti-angsdng thy ttong SV hien Tuy nhien, ddnh gia din timg hau qud thi gifla SV nam va nfl cd sy khdc biet Trong sd nhung hgu qua chimg idi dua ra, hdu qua ma SV nam ddnh gid cao nhil Id "Co the mdc mdt so benh ve lam iy mac cam tdi ldi, buon riu, mil ly tm, giam sy ton Injng ban Ihan" (DTB; 2,82, DLC: 0,65) Trong dd SV nfl thi cho ring rit dl ddn din linh ttang "Mang thai ngodi y mudn" (DTB; 2,95, DLC- 0,52) Dilu ndy hodn todn phii hgp vdi Ihuc te bdi vi mot kit qua ciia cugc sdng thy da "dam hoa, kll chai" thi ganh nang ndy se dat ien vai ngudi gdi Ndi lo ling cho viec sinh nhu thi nao hay td bd; biet chuyen, gia dinh, ngudi Ihan va ban be sg phdn dng Tu dd keo liieo he iuy ciia nd id "Cd the mic mgi sd benh vl tom iy- mdc cdm ldi idi, budn riu, mil tu tin, gidm sy tdn ttgng ban than (DTB la 2,94), kll qud iipe top sa siil (DTB id 2,92), bd hge gifla chimg Mgt dieu dang inn y d day id nhdn thuc ciia SV (ca nam vd nfl) vl hdu qua cua viec song thu ddi vdi ban than dugc cac ban dinh gid cao hon so vdi hau qud doi vdi AP CHi KHOA HQC TRlTdNG DAI HQC H N G BtfC - S6 PAC BIET (5 2017) gia dinh vd xa hgi Bdi vi, mpt hau qua xdy thi chinh cac SV id ngudi phdi ganh chiu thiet thdi chd khdng phdi khac, md ddc bi6l Id cdc bgn nu Nhu vay, chiing to cd the thdy rang, hau qui ciia viec "sdng thd" nang nl hon nhflng gi ngudi ta tudng tugng ve nd, vd thuc su cudc "song thd" ngudi la ciing it cd trdch nhiem vdi han, la mgt cugc sdng khdng idu ben vi hdu hit sau mgt thdi gian sdng chung tam ba, nhflng va cham ttong cugc sdng hang dl idm cho ngudi ta nham chan, nhat Id nlidng cap sinh vien "song thu" cdn phdi mang theo ndi lo hoc hdnh, ndi lo "cam gao tien" thi cang bdc bdi Cudc song rat bdp benh, thilu mdt muc dich cy the, vdy idii gap khd khan, mau thuan ddng cd the gidi quyet dugc, thi hai ngudi igi de budng xudi va tan va, Tam ly "khdng hgp thi bo" khien nhieu ban tte thilu ttach nliiem vdi bdn than, ngudi yeu va Imh yeu cua minh, "ci them chdng chan" va mdi quan hg ttd nen phai nhal dan KET LUAN Kit qua nghien cdu nhdn thdc ve viec sdng Ihd eiia SV Trudng DHHD eho thiy ring: Da sd SV Trudng DHHD dugc khao sat da cd hieu bill nhit dinh ve bdn chii cua vigc sdng thd cung nhy hau qua nghiem ttgng ciia nd gdy eho bantiidn,gia dmh va xa hpi Tuy nhien, su hilu bilt dd chua ttiat su diy du Ddy la mot Irong nhung nguyen nhan ddn din tinh ttang song thu kha piid biln d gidi tte hien ttong dd co SV Tnidng DHHD Chinh vi vay, cin thilt phii cd nhung bien phdp toe dgng tich cue nham nang eao nhan thdc cho gidi tte ndi chung vd SV Tmdng DHHD ndi neng, khai day tinh thdn trdch nhiem cua mdi SV ddi vdi cugc song, tuong lai cda chinh hp va eua cpng ddng TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Phuang Aitii (2013), Hon nhdn sdng Ihu ctia smh viin Viel Nam ngdy nay, Tgp chi Sdc khde gidi tinh, Sd thang 6/2013 Bui Van Anh (2006), Bir&c ddu tim hiiu thai cua nH smh vien ve sdng thu, Tgp chi Tam ly hpc, Sl ndm 2006 Nguyin Thi Quynh Hoa (2007), Xu hu&ng sdng thu cm ihanh nien Viet Nam hien Tap chi Nghien cdu gia dinh vd gioi, Sd ndm 2007 Hiebsch, H"., Vonverg, M (1992), Einfuekmng in die marxislisch Leninislisch Sozialpsychologie, Verlag der Wissenschaften Beriin Ailpon, GW, Attittides, In C.Murchison (Ed) (1935), A Handbook of Social Psvchology", Worcester, Mass, Clark University Press Hanow A., (1972), A Taxonomy of Psychomotor Domam A Guide for Developing Behavioral Objectives, New York; David McKay, 57 TAP CHI KHOA HQC, TRVJfNG PA' HQC H N G PITC - SO DAC BIET (5 Z0I7| HONG D U C UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' AWARENESS OF COHABITATION Cao Xuan Hai ABSTRACT The article raises the awareness toward cohabitation among sludents of Hong Due university With our research results, we found ihal the students of Hong Due university have certain knowledge of nature, reason and consequences of cohabitation However, that knowledge is not really comprehensive Therefore, it is necessary lo have positive impact measures lo establish the right awareness towards cohabitation for young people in general and the students of Hong Due university in particular Keywords: Aware, students, cohabitation ... ikirc cua sinh viin Tnr&ng Dgi hoc Hdng Due vi vai trd cua song thir Kit qua khdo sdt nhan thdc ciia SV Trudng DHHD vl vai tid cda sing thd dugc chiing tdi long hgp d bang Bang Nhgn Ihuc eda sinh. .. Kmh ll - Qudn In kinh doanh trudng Dai hgc Hing Ddc Kit qua nghien cira nhu sau 3.1 Quan mim ciia sinh vien tnr&ng Dgi hoc Hdng Dire ve sdng ihir Viec sing thu Irong gidi SV khdng cdn la mdl dilu... liln hdnh lim hilu quan mem cua SV vl "sdng Ihit" Kcl qua thu dugc d bdng I Bang Quan ni|m ciia sinh vien Trudng Dgi hgc Hong Due vl song thu Ndi dung Hai ngudi sdng vdi Irudc hdn nhan nliu va