NGHIEN cuu & UNG DUNG DAY HOC CHEO Ci TRtfCiNC THPT THEO NO HINH DAY HOC Dtf AN CO Stf HO TRO CUA CNTT Cd th8 thay mpt thuc tr^ng te xa hpi ciing nhu ci trong trong giio due hien nay li GD&DT Khdng ch[.]
NGHIEN cuu & UNG DUNG DAY HOC CHEO Ci TRtfCiNC THPT THEO NO HINH DAY HOC Dtf AN CO Stf HO TRO CUA CNTT Nguyen Thj Mai Huong Tru&ng Bgi hgc Hong Dm: Cd th8 thay mpt thuc tr^ng te- xa hpi ciing nhu ci trong giio due hien li GD&DT Khdng chi vdi y hpc sinh (HS) it thii, nghia li cic dy an diu tu, lien quan tim den nhijng npi dung ket, phit trien giio due mi day hpc lien quan den vin dy an cdn dugc sir dung nhu hgc, van hda din gian Vai mpt phuang phip day hgc trd nen ting cua vin hoc din (PPDH) het siic hi?u qui gian (VHDG) ddi vdi nen van ''Day hgc du dn Id mgt hgc, vin hda din tpc da dupe PPDH phuc hgrp, do, khing dinh vi de cao Viec ngu&i hgc thuc hiin mpt giio due cho HS hieu vi yeu nhiem vu hgc tap phirc hgp^ thich VHDG bdi cinh co su kit hap giira ly thuyet xi hdi du nhip d at van hda vd thuc hdnh, tgo cde sdn ngoai Iai Ii mdt bii toin khd phdm co thi giai thieu Nhiem ddi vdi ngudi day Dieu niy vu ndy duge ngu&i hgc thuc ddi hdi giao vien (GV) phai hiin v&i tinh tu luc eao cd long nhiet tinh, su say todn bo qud trinh hoc tdp" me VHDG vi ci su sing tao [TL 2; tr 89,90] Nhu viy, DHDA, cich thiic td chiic day GV cd the su dung nhieu hgc PPDH khic nhu day Day hpc du in (DHDA) dupe ip dung nhieu cic hgc neu van de, day hgc tinh mdn khoa hpc tu nhien, nhiing hudng, quan trgng vi chii mdn hpc cd san phim nghien yeu nhit li day hpc nhdm ciiu true quan, rieng mdn ngir Qui trinh thuc hien du in Ii van lai dupe ap dyng rat de mdt qui trinh gin ly thuyet dat Trong pham vi bai viet vdi thuc hanh, tu vi hinh niy, ngudi viet chi xin dua ddng, nhi trudng vi xa hpi mdt quy trinh day hpc du in Do dd, viec hgc tip ciia HS cu the cho mdt ndi dung day khdng chi mang tinh chit hgc cy the: "'Xiiy Vdn gid dgi" nghien curu - Iy luan mi cdn trich vd cheo ""Kim Nham" - mang tinh xi hgi - thuc tien Mpi khiu DHDA tu Sich giio khoa (SGK) Ngir chuan bi, len ke hoach, tien van 10, Tip 1, ning cao Vai tro cua DHDA doi hinh thuc hien vi dinh gii vdi viec phat trien nang luc du in deu hudng tdi HS li trung tam HS ludn li ngudi toan dien cho HS Khii niem du an dupe hieu chii dpng, tham gia vi tu chiu theo nghia phd thdng li mdt trich nhiem giii quyit de in, du thio hay ke hoach nhiem vu hpc tap Vdi su lid trp ciia CNTT vi dugrc diing phd bien hiu het cac ITnh vuc kinh vi phuang ti?n day hpc hien Ngay nhdn bdi 05/4/2013 Ngdy duyit dang 25/4/2013 - TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC - SO 93 - 05/2013 dai nhu bi^n thi DHDA dang trd nen cd nhieu uu thl Trong bdi canh hdi nhap, DHDA cd vai trd tich c\rc vi?c phit trien nang lye toin di?n cho ngudi hpc HS khdng chi dugc ren luy^n, cimg cd ve chuyen mdn hoc thuat mi cdn dugc lim quen vdi vi?c lip ke hoach cho rapt boat dpng hgc tip, hpc cich thu thip, xir ly thdng tin Qua DHDA,^ HS cd didu kien di phit trien ning luc giao tiep xa hdi, ben canh dd, lim viec nhdm Ii mdi trudng thuan led de HS phit huy tinh tich cyc, tu luc, tu lip, tinh than trach nhiem, tinh thin cdng tic lim viec, hgc cich ling nghe, trinh biy vi bio ve y kien ciia minh trudc tip the De thyc hien du an, cic budc, cac khau thudng dupe phin cong theo sd trudng, the manh ciia cic thinh vien nhom Cich lam khdng chi thu hiit hiing thii cua HS mi giup cic em dinh gii duac diem manh, diem yeu cua ban than tir dd phit huy thl manh, ban che diem yeu Thdng qua cic du in hgc tap, ngudi hoc cd the tim dupe dinh hudng phit trien tuang lai Nhu vay, vdi phucmg phap DHDA, ngudi hgc dU9C phat huy toin dien vi toi da ning luc, sd tmdng, tinh tich c\rc boat dpng ciia bin than Con ngudi sach vd xa hpi xua dupe thay bing NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG ngudi hanh ddng, ngudi xa hdi, hoin toin phii hap voi dinh hudng phit tri^n ngudi theo tirih binh cy the dat nude hien Bdi xet den cimg, ngudi Ii nhan td tdi quan trgng ciia rnpt dit nude, mudn phit triin ngudi phii diu tu phit triin giio dye de den lupt minh, ngudi quay trd lai xiy dyng, phit trien dit nude Day hgc bai "A'lij' Van gid dgp' (cheo "A'/m Nham"SGK Ngu- van ldp 10, Tap 1, ning cao) theo md hinh DHDA 2.1 Mo td du dn Tron^ chucmg trinh Ngu vin phd thdng, VHDG dugc dua vio vdi dung lupng khiem tdn (SGK Ngii van ldp 10- Tap 1) Do su gd bd ve thdi lupng chuang trinh, tic gii SGK khdng the dua toin bp cic the loai ciia VHDG vio npi dung day hgc mi chi chgn Ipc nhiing tic pham tieu bieu Ben canh nhiing the loai tu su (thin thoai, truyen thuyet, cd tich ), van van (ca dao, ve ) quen thupc ciia VHDG thi HS it dugc lim quen vdi cheo - mdt the loai sin khiu din gian mang tinh nguyen hgp bet siic die sic Cheo ehi dupe dua vio day chuang trinh Ngii van ldp 10'Tap 1- Nang cao: trich doan "Xuy Vdn gid dgf (vd cheo "Kim Nham") Ndi dung bii day khdng phii li Ii thuyet trim tugn^, Iai duac phin bd theo tien trinh, nim cum nhung bii vl VHDG khac, t h u ^ Igi cho vice thuc hien nhiem vu hpc tap (ciing cd Hen he, so sinh) kien thiic mi GV cd the phat mpt cich dac sac cua Xuy huy vai trd ngudi din dit, HS Vin doan trich (ttpng ehu dgng hpc tip, ITnh hpi tam); Ciing cd hieu biet ve Khi trien khai day hpc, GV dge trung VHDG cd the dua du in theo bii - KT ning: Ren luyen va hpc Bii hpc chinh Ii mpt du phit trien ki ning thu thip, in hpc tip vdi chii de ehinh Ii phin tich, xir li vi trinh biy tieu de bii hgc (ho^c la mgt thdng tin trudc tip the; Ren tieu de khic GV ho^c HS luyen kT ning lam vi?c nhdm, de xuit sit vdi ndi dung bii ling dyng cdng ngh? thdng hpc) tin; Budc diu biet each len ke Nhiem vy hpc tip mi HS hoach cho mgt boat dpng hpc tip phii thyc hien se bam sit theo chuan kien thiic vi kT - Thii dp: Tu hio ve nen nang cin dat: tim hieu, viet van hda, VHDG; Bdi dip bai gidi thieu ve the loai long yeu thich VHDG; Gdp cheo ndi chung vi vd cheo phin vao viec bao tdn vi phat "Kim Nham" ndi rieng; cic huy bp mdn nghe thuat die npi dung cua bai hpc gan vdi sac viec thiet ke Powerpoint hoic Bu&c 2: Xay dung bp ciu Mindmap; bii thio luin hoac bdi djnh hudng, lap danh sich tu luin ciia HS ve tinh xa hpi tii lieu tham khao ciia bii hpc Bp cau hoi djnh hudng: day chinh li cdng cy dinh 2.2 Quy trinh thuc hien hudng de GV hudng dan HS a Chudn bi dudn Bu&c 1: Xic dinh chu de, tim hieu bii hpc diing trgnjg tim va muc tieu cin dat Ddi muc tieu du in Xuit phit tir npi dung bai vdi npi dung hpc tap niy, bd bpc, GV ggi y hoac de xuat ciu hdi dinh hudng bao gdm: - Nhdm cau hdi ciing cd ten du in (khuyen khich dl xuat tir phia HS) Cd thl kiln thiic vl VHDG: Khai Iiy ten du an li: "Nghe giuc niem, Die trung, He thong trdng cheo bi bung di xem" thd loai? Hoic: "Gi&i thiiu ve cheo, va - Nhdm cau hdi tim hieu cheo "Kim Nham" vd thdo khii quit ve cheo: Khii niem, ludn vi dogn trich "Xuy Vdn dac trung, cac giai doan hinh gid dgi" thinh va phat trien? - Nhdm ciu hdi tim hieu Muc tieu day hgc: GV xic dinh muc tieu day hgc bim ye vd cheo "Kim Nham":T6m sit chuin kiln thirc, chuin kT tit vd cheo Kim Nham? ning mi Bd Giio dye vi Dao - Nhdm ciu hdi tim hieu ve doan trich "Xuy Vdn gid tao dl Cu thl la: - Kiln thiic: Hilu ve mot dgi": Vi tri, xuit xii doan thl loai VHDG mang tinh trich? Tinh canh bi kich ciia nguyen hpp, die sic cua dan Xiiy Van? Cd phii tat ci tpc; Nim dupe ndi dung vi y nhiing Idi hit cua Xiiy Vin ngliTa ciia vd cheo qua doan deu li ldi dien dai khdng? trich (trgng tiin); Thiy dugc Ldi nio li ldi ndi that? Tim trang rdi bdi ciia nhin vat: Bii hpc chira nhilu phin su the hi?n the gidi ndi tim TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 93-05/2013 ' I S Ill NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG Tam trang nhin vit dugc the hien nhu the n i o qua nhirng ldi hit? (Mong udc cua nhin vat, mong udc i y cd chinh d i n g khdng, cd thuc hi?n dupe khdng, bi kjch ciia nhan vit la gi?) Nghp thuat dien ti t i m trang phirc tap qua nhimg ldi hit cua nhan vit? Lien be: Xiiy Van cd the dupe xem la nhin vit nii ndi loan, theo em, xa hgi xua, nhin vit nir (trong vin hpc) n i o ciing duoc xem l i ndi loan? - Nhdm ciu hdi thio luin, lien he thuc te: Nhan xet ve ddi sdng cua cheo ndi neng v i cac hinh thirc sin khau din gian ndi chung giai doan hien (thuc trang, nguyen nhin v i giai phip)? Thii do, tinb cam cua ca nhan ddi vdi bd mdn nghe thuat niy? Hanh ddng cy the ciia bin thin nhim gdp phin b i o tdn v i phit huy nen vin hda vin nghe dan gian? M d rdng tucmg quan so sinh vdi c i c loai hinh sin khau din gian khic (mdng, miia rdi nude) v i loai hinh sin khau bien dai (kich ndi) Danh sich tai lieu tham khao: GV lap danh muc tii lieu tham khio de dinh hudng cho HS tim dpc, nghien ciiu, bao gdm ca tai lieu ciing v i tii lieu mem: SGK Ngu vin idp 10, T i p 1, ning cao; Tii dien thuat ngii van hoc, Tran Dinh Su, Le B i Han, NXB Giio due, 2003; Tu lieu tham k h i o vin hpc Viet Nam, T i p 1- Van hoc din gian, NXB Giao due, 1975; Day hpc theo chuan kien thirc, kT ning, NXB Dai hoc Supham, 2012 Bu&c 3: Tao nhdm lam viec GV hudng d i n HS ehia nhdm lim vipc: theo danh sich lap, td hoic theo vj tri chd ngdi b Triin khai to chuc thuc hign Bu&c 1: Thyc hipn dy i n hpc tip G i i o vien: Ndj ro y td chiic day hpc de HS nam dugc, neu chii de bii hgc; Giao nhipm vy hgc t i p cho tirng nhdm: Nhdm 1: Nghien ciiu nhdm ciu hdi ciing cd kien thiic ve VHDCJ v i tim hieu khii quit ve cheo Nhdm 2: Nghien ciiu nhdm ciu hdi ve vd cheo "Kim Nham" va ve doan trich "Xuy Vdn gid dgi" Nhdm 3: Chuan bi nhdm ciu hdi thio luan, lien he thyc te; Chuin hi mdt sd clip cheo tieu bieu; Xuy Vdn gid dgi trich vd cheo "Kim Nham"; Thi Mdu len chua - trich vd cheo "Quan Am Thi Kinh"; Tudn Ti - Ddo Hui - trich vd cheo "Chu Mdi Thdn" Nhdm 4: Td chiic, dieu hinh, din chuang trinh; Cung c i p tai lieu tham k h i o cho HS Hpc sinh: C i c nhdm thio luin v i phin cdng cdng viec cy the den timg thinh vien ciia nhdm (cd the giao nhiem vu theo sd trudng, sd thich ciia cac vien); Lien he vdi GV de dupe giiip da q u i trinh thuc hien nhiem vy hpc tip (true tiep hoae qua thu dien tir); H o i n thinh s i n p h i m hpc tap it nhat mdt ngiy trudc trinh b i y dy i n de GV cd the gdp y, sira ddi v i thdng nhit s i n p h i m cudi Cling Bu&c 2: Trinh b i y du i n -TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC - SO 93 - 05/2013 Gid d^y theo md hinh day hpc dy i n cd su dieu ehinh sy the hien vai trd cua nguoi day v i ngudi hpc Toin bp n9i dung hpc tap dupe thilt ke tren phan mem trinh chiiu Powerpoint hoic Mindmap GV l i ngudi dimg sau dieu ehinh, hudng din, HS ty the hien nhiing npi dung da chuin bi Nghe thuat cheo li nghf thuat tdng hpp, cd sy phoi hap nhuin nhuyen giira kjch b i n , Idi hit, ddng tic miia va i m nhac Mdi vd cheo thucmg CO mdt hoic vii cinh die s5c, the hien t i p trung gia tri tac phim, "Xuy Vdn gid daf la mdt nhimg doan hay nhat cua cheo cd Viet Nam P h i n quan trpng nhit mdt vd cheo l i kich ban ch^o, song su h i p din ciia cheo li cr nghe thuat bieu dien Do vay, viec ket hap giiia day hpc kich bin cheo v i nghe thuat bieu dien se giiip tim hieu gia tri doan trich mpt cich toan dien ban, gid hpc se trd nen sinh ddng v i h i p dan ban Gid hpc tren ldp se dupe tien hinh theo tien trinh sau: - GV gidi thieu bii mdi sau dd trd ve vi tri "ban giam khio" - HS thio luin, dua y kien, quan diem ciia minh:, cau hdi thio luin 1,2 - HS trinh b i y k i t qua tim tdi, nghien ciru cua minh ve ndi dung hpc tip - HS thio luin: cau hoi thao luan - GV tdng k i t b i i hgc c Bdnh gid du dn HS nhin nhan lai qua trinh thuc hi^n dy i n , tu rut n h i n xet NGHIEN cuu & UNG DUNG HS tiep thu nhein xet dinh gii tu phia GV Tdng hop dinh gii, nit kinh nghipm cho nhiing du in tiep theo Kit luan Nam djnb hudng chung cua viec phat trien nen giio dye hien d^i, ddi mdi PPDH li khiu v6 eiing quan trgng Bdi cung mpt khdi lugng kien thiic nhung cich thiie td chire day hgc khic se dua tdi nhung hieu ling khic tir phia ngudi hgc Do tinh nguyen hgp eiia cheo nen vipc giiiig day theo phuang phip truyen thdng khd mi truyen tii dugc nhung net die sac cua cheo eiing nhu khcri gpi dupe hiing thii hpc tip cua HS Day hpc cheo theo md hinh DHDA ket hpp vdi img dyng CNTT se phit huy dupe vai trd tieh cyc, chil ddng, sing tao, khai diy hiing thii hpc tap ciia HS, gdp phan vio viee ddi mdi PPDH, ning cao bieu qui dgy hpc Ngii vin Trong trudng hop li tudng md hinh day hpc niy se tao tic ddng tich cue ve phia HS ddi vdi viec gin giii vi phit huy nghe thuat truyen thdng cua din tpc Tai lieu tham khao Trin Bi Hoinh, Doi m&i PPDH, chuang trinh vd SGK, NXB Dai hoc Su pham H.2006 Bemd Meier, Nguyen Van Cudng, Ly ludn day hoc hien dgi- Mgt so vdn di doi m&i PPDH, Tai lieu dio tao VAN DUNG PHlTdNG P H A P »• a Cdng thiic cau tao cua etilen: , etilen cd chiia LK b Etilen chiy tao thinh vi c Etilen lim mit miu dung dich d Phin tii etilen kit hgp vdi tao thinh polietilen, pii kilu nhu viy ggi la^ tfng dung Etilen dung dl dieu che Goc ap dung: (10 phiit) _ a Muc tieu: Tir philu hd trq kiln thirc ciia GV, HS cd the ip giii bii tap b Nhiem vu: * HS nghien ciiu nOi dung bing ho trp sau: * HS hoin thinh cic bii tap phieu hpc tap sd Phieu hoc tap so Bii tap 1: Dpc ndi dung d phieu hd trp Ghi kit qui vio d trdng bing sau: Bii tip 2,4 Sgk trang 119 Tai lieu tham khao Cic tie gii, Dy an Viet Bi, Ap dung dgy hgc tich cue mon Khoa hoc, Tu Nhien xd hoi & CBSp vd THCS, NXB DHSp, H 2003 Bd GD&DT, Du in Viet Bi, Mot so phuang phdp vd ky thudt dgy hgc, NXBDHSP, 2010 GS.TS Trin Bi Hoinh, Doi m&i phuang thac sT Dai hgc Su pham H 2012 Sach gido khoa NgU vdn 10, tap I Ndng cao, NXB Giio dye, 2012 Bgy hgc theo chudn kiin thuc, ki ndng, NXB Dai hgc Supham, 2012 Hu&ng ddn thuc hien chudn kiin thirc, kindng mon Ngir vdn l&p 10, NXB Giio dye Viet Nam, 2010 Summary: Nowadays, high- school pupils find it less interesting to study such subjects related to traditional culture and folklore 'Cheo' is one ofthe genres m folklore Teaching ' cheo' with the support from IT will not only improve pupils' activeness and creativity but also insprise them to leam ( liep trang 13) phdp dgy hpc, chuang trinh sdeh gido khoa, NXB DHSP, H 2006 Summary Learning stations is understood to mean a method of organising teaching activities where learners ferform different tasks in different places in the classroom, ensuring that learners can learn in depth and comfortably The tasks in different comers should be different in nature and might also be different in terms of content TAP CHI THIFTB! GIAO DUC-SO 93-05/2013 • 17 ... Giao due, 1975; Day hpc theo chuan kien thirc, kT ning, NXB Dai hoc Supham, 2012 Bu&c 3: Tao nhdm lam viec GV hudng d i n HS ehia nhdm lim vipc: theo danh sich lap, td hoic theo vj tri chd ngdi... day theo phuang phip truyen thdng khd mi truyen tii dugc nhung net die sac cua cheo eiing nhu khcri gpi dupe hiing thii hpc tip cua HS Day hpc cheo theo md hinh DHDA ket hpp vdi img dyng CNTT. .. dgf (vd cheo "Kim Nham") Ndi dung bii day khdng phii li Ii thuyet trim tugn^, Iai duac phin bd theo tien trinh, nim cum nhung bii vl VHDG khac, t h u ^ Igi cho vice thuc hien nhiem vu hpc tap