VO THAI HANH J MOT SO GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEU QUA CHINH SACH GIAM NGHEO DO THI TRJEN DIA BAN TIIANH PHO DA NANG vo THAI HANH* Dat van de O a NSng la dja phuong cd tdc dp dd thj hda cap, tfnh tUTdng dieu tra Din sd v l Nha d tu nam 1979 den nam 2009, dan s6 Da N§ng da ting gap ddi vdng 30 nlm, trung bmh moi nlm tang ca hpc khping van ngudi Theo dU bao ciia Tdng cue Thong ke, phd Ba Nang se dat quy md trieu dan vao dau nam 2014 v l 1,1 trieu d i n vao dau nam 2018, va cung II phd cd ty le thi dan cao nhat Viet Nam Hien nay, phd Da NSng la mdt trpng nhufng dja phuong di dau cdng tic giim ngheo dd thj vdi nhieu giai phap hieu q u i , nhat II cic gill phip phit huy vai trd ciia xa hdi, cdng ddng giim ngheo thj Vai net ve thUc trang ngheo tai phd Da Ning Theo thdng ke cua Sd Lap dpng, Thuong binh va Xa hdi phd Da Ning, den cudi nlm 2013 toan cd 15.183 hd ngheo, chiem ty le 6,27% /tdng sd hd dan cU tren dja ban phd Dae biet, chi tfnh rieng nam 2013, phd da cd 6.862 hd vuon len thoit ngheo, dat 130,7% so vdi Nghj quyet cila Hdi dong nhan d i n phd giao' Tuy nhien, tieu chuan ngheo dd *ThS, Hpc vi?n Chinh tri khu vuc IU ' Nguon: So Lao dong, Thuong binh va Xa hpi Dil Nang thj d D I NSng hien van tiep can theo tieu ehuan cu "ngheo don chieu", vdi tieu chuSn dinh gia chii yeu dUa tren thu nhap, mdc sdng vat chat^ Trong do, ngudi ngh^o d Oa NSng rat da dang ve ngudn gde, hoin cinh sdng, va dae diem cutrii nhu ngudi gi^ neo don, gia dinh chfnh sich, nan nhan chSt ddc da cam, ngUdi nhap eu tU ndng thdn, nhiJng hd tai djnh cu, nhufng nhdm hd phii chuyen ddi sinh ke (nhu ngU dan, hd budn b i n nhd Id, ndng dan, ) Do viy, ti^p can "ngheo da chieu" nghien cufu giim ngheo tai Da NSng la can thiet, va phln anh day du hon b i n chat ve ngh^o Trong bdi eanh dd thj hda va sir phln tang xa hdi cua phd Ba NSng dien mdt cich manh me song hanh vdi nhjp dieu tang trudng kinh te cao, cdng tac g i i m nghdo dan trd ndn quan trong chudi chinh sach xa hdi cua thinh phd, nhat la bdi cinh 61 NSng dan hudng den trd thanh than thidn, d i n g sdng Bac biet, trpng Di an xay dung chfnh quyen dd thj taf Da NSng trinh Trung uong, huyen Hda Vang se tach quan mdi, dieu n i y ddng nghTa rSng tuong lai gan, toan bd dien tfch tren dat lien eiia Da NSng se trd khu vue dd thj, dieu dd cung ddng nghTa toan bd cU din ndng thdn d khu vuc se trd thj dan trpng eie dieu kien kinh te - xa hdi ciia - De an giam ngheo ph6 giai doan 2013 - 2017 Tap chf Khoa hpc xa hdi mien Trung, sd 02 (34) - 2015 ban than hp van khdng cd nhieu thay ddi Dieu cd the khien van de ngheo dd thj cing trd nen bde xuc, nghiem trpng ddi vdi sU phit trien ben vdng cua phd I Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qud chinh sach gidm ngheo thj tai Da Nang Ngoai nhdng ehuyen bien not tai Idng thinh phd i n h hudng den ngheo, nhdng thinh tUu phit trien kinh te xa hdi I n tddng thdi gian qua eua phd eung da tao nen luc hut manh me ddi vdi mdt sd Idpng Idn ngddi nhip eU, td dpi ngu lao dpng linh nghe, trinh dp eao den nhdng ngddi lao ddng td do, ngddi ngheo cac dia phdong khac ve de tim kiem eo hdi mdu sinh, phit trien Van de niy mpt mat giup phd giii quyet tlnh trang khan hiem lao dpng ehit Idpng cao, hoac d i p dng nhu elu lao ddng mot sd nganh nghe ma thj dan phd khdng quan tam Nhdng mat khie eung g i y i p Ide rat ldn ddi vdi ehfnh quyen dja phddng giii quyet eae van de xa hpi, nhat la ddi ngheo Ngheo thj D i Ning eung nhd tai cac thi khic, hien dang phai doi mat vdi nhieu khd khan, vdpt khdi nang "td cdu" cOa hp, ngheo Idm cho ngUdi ta thieu nhUng ky nang song ca bdn, cung nhu ndng lUc nhgn thUc de co the Idm chu bdn than vd cugc song "Mu mam vl ngheo td mot cdch dien dgt khdc"^ Do dd, cac nhdm x i hdi d^ bj ton thuong rat can sUquan t i m giup dd td cic cd quan nha nddc, eie td chdc xa hdi thdng qua eic ehmh sich kjp thdi, hpp ly Cic chinh sich phii dem lai cho hp "sdc de khdng" de vdpt len khd khin, thoat ngheo chd khdng phii khuyen khich sU phu thudc, y lai v i o cac ngudn ldc (cd han) eua Nha nUdc Xie dinh tieu chuan hp ngheo nhd the nio cho chfnh xic, dung vdi hoin cinh thuc te cua D i Ning? Hay ndi cu the chung ta can xic djnh trung van deva danh gia dung mde dp tram trpng cua nd Ngddi ngheo dd thj tai Oa Ning danh g i i theo thang da chieu sd Iddng se tang len, van de se phdc tap hdn rat nhieu so vdi nhin nhin ddn thuan td goc dp kinh te De ed ed sd eho viee ban hinh chfnh sich giim ngheo dd thj hieu q u i , trudc het Da Ning can ed cude dieu tra x i hpi hpc day dO, khieh quan dua tren bp edng cu thiet ke ludng ngheo da chieu de xic djnh rd thuc trang ve die diem, tfnh chat cung nhU nguyen nhin die thu cOa ngheo thj ndi day v i tim hieu, nam bat tam tU nguyen vpng cua hp Day la cd sd, can cd khoa hpc cho viee xay dung chfnh sich giim ngheo dd thj phu hpp vdi tdng nhdm ddi tdpng eu the Cie cudc dieu tra can cd sd lupng mau mang tfnh dai dien tai eae quin trung t i m va d eac thj ngoai vi,ei ngudi ngheo bin xdva ngudi ngheo nhap ed, ngheo tam thdi hay ngheo Idi va phii t r i Idi eho eau hdi "ldi sdng cua hp dan hp tdi ngheo ddi, hay ngheo ddi da tao cho hp idi sdng nhu vay?" Viec tien hanh cac cudc phdng van sau nhim muc dich tim hieu hoan cinh va nhdng suy nghT, t i m t u eua ngUdi ngheo thj, cac van de eon an giau dang sau nhdng eon sd ma eac to chdc va chinh quyen eung cap, hieu rd hon c i m nhan cua chfnh bin t h i n hp ve t i e ddng tieu cue td xa hpi cung nhd tfnh de tdn thUdng cDa hp trudc nhdng t i c ddng da dang ^ Dang Hoang Giang, Dd Ndng ftet kien nhan v&i ngitdi "ngheo ludi" ht^://vietnamnet vn/vn/ tuanvietnam/l 71045/da-nang-het-kien-niian-voinguoi—ngheo—luoi-.html Trong viee ban hanh v i thde thi chinh sich, phd can xac djnh ngudi nhap cu l i bd phin eau eOa b i t ed chUdng trinh, chfnh sach giam ngheo thj nio Day 10 l i budc di can thiet nhim tach rdi viec cung cap cie djch vu edng vdi viec ed hd khau thddng tru hay khdng, td dd thue day sd hda nhap xa hdi cDa ngddi nhip cU Thuc hien theo qui trinh dieu tra xae dinh hd ngheo giai doan 2011-2015 cua Bd Lao ddng, Thuong binh va X i hpi theo ehuan ngheo mdi, dd bao gdm c i nhdng hd nhap cu tren thing khdng ke tlnh trang hp khau va tlnh trang cU tru ThUe te, viee thdng ke v i dua eac nhdm nhap eu v i o eie chUdng trinh, ehinh sich giim ngheo tai nhieu dja phddng phd la cdng viec tddng ddi khd khan bdi nhdm ngudi nhap cu khdng dn djnh ve cho d, tinh di chuyen va bien ddng eao, nhi^u ngudi khdng chju hoae ngan ngai khai bio vdi chfnh quyen, v i ngan sach tai dja phddng cdn eo hep lupng ngudi nhip eu vio Da Ning cd xu hudng tang nhanh dan den nhieu noi bj qua tai ve ed sd ting va chat Iddng eae djeh vu xa hpi,thamehilimphdctapthemtlnhhinhan ninh trat td tren dja bin Vln de eung cd t h l l i m niy sinh mpt he q u i xa hdi khac, dd la vd hinh ehung khuyen khieh ddng ngudi nhap cd ve D i Nang, dieu m i nhieu quin trung tam phd dang ddi mat v i chua tim giii phap chinh sich hdu hieu Budc tiep theo can soit va thiet ke mdi cac ehfnh sach hd trp de thdc hien doi vdi ngudi nhap cu, quan t i m den chinh sach giim chi phi eupe sdng tai thj, chinh sach quin ly th| hai hda va giam thieu mau thuan vdi sinh ke cua ngddi nhap cu Chfnh quyen phd ein xem xet vdi nhdng qui djnh dat cd i n h hudng den thu nhap cua ngddi ngheo, thddng la cac hd kinh doanh nhd, le, khdng ehinh thde nhdng lai la ngudn thu nhap chfnh cua nhieu hd gta dinh Thdc t l d Da Ning, q u i trinh vo THAI HANH phit trien va chtnh trang thj nhdng nam qua nhieu khu vUc ven dupc sit nhap vao hoac chuyen eie quan ndi thinh, ngudi ndng d i n , ngd dan trd thinh thj din da gap mot sd khd khin nhat djnh vdi cupc sdng va nep sinh hoat mdi Hp mat din c^c sinh k l gan lien vdi canh t i c d i t dai, ngi; nghiep va chuyin sang budn ban nhd, tham gia v i o khu vUc lao ddng khdng chfnh thijfc Do dd, n l u cie quyet djnh, ehfnh sach khdng tfnh den khu vUc lao dpng khdng chfnh thdc niy ed the i n h hUdng den sinh ke cCia rSt nhilu hd dan ndi diy Dieu kien an toin, ve sinh lao ddng va vi$c bio d i m quyen Ipi cho ngUdi lao ddng tai cic eo sd lao ddng thU cdng khdng dang ky cung cin ddpc ehinh quyen ciccapkiem tra, chu y thudng xuyen hon nda Cie qui djnh, chinh sach ve nh^ va d i t dai cung can cd su ehu y den ngiidi ngheo, giup hp ed ehd d dn djnh v i khdng bi ddn vao cic khu vUc d nhilm hoae de hilng chju thien tai Thanh phd ein thiet ke mdt de i n dio tao nghe eho tao ddng thi dUa tren Ccci ket qua dieu tra, khao sit eu t h l ve trinh 66, thinh phan, nguyen nhin, die diem cOa ngudi ngheo dd thj, cd tinh den nhu eau cua thj trudng lao ddng, m i eu thl hon la nhu cau tuyen dung cCia cac doanh nghiep ddng chin tren dja b i n v i tai cac tinh lan can Chi cd sU phan loai rd ring, cu the eac nhdm ngheo thj thl d l an niy mdi c6 the cd each t i l p can va hudng nghiep hieu qua eho hp, hudng den phat huy ning lUcsd trudng, Ipi the ciJa tdng nhdm, tdng ea nhin, khuyin khfch tfnh nang ddng, sang tao cCia hp tdng cdng viee, nghe nghiep.Th^m nda, de tang them thu nhap, t i n dung ngu6n ldc td nhdng c i nhin mdt cich hieu qui ehfnh quyen thinh phd can khuyen khich rap ehf Khoa hpc xa hdi mien Trung, sd 02 (34) - 2015 cac td chdc xa hdi, doanh nghiip ddng bio trp, giup dd ngUdi ngheo v i gia dinh hp, ed eo che Uu dai ve thue va cie hinh thdc hd trd cu the cho eae doanh nghiip tao viec lim, tuyen dung em cic hd ngheo v i o lam viec Cae chinh sieh phii hudng den ho trd ngddi ngheo xac djnh diing v i phit huy diem manh cua moi nhdm ngheo dd thj cu the Cd nhu viy, c i doanh nghiep va ngudi ngheo mdi ed t h i m ddng lUc de phan dau vUdn l l n t h o i t ngheo, tao chuyen bien cdng t i c giam ngheo thi Td do, hudng den nang cao cac van de an sinh x i hpi khic cho ngudi ngheo Khdng de ngUdi ngheo, em hp vi khd khan kinh te m i bd hpe gida ehdng hay khdng dupe kham chda binh ein thiet Thinh phd ein nam dupe eie diem ngheo tap trung, cac dja b i n ehuyin ddi cd ddng ngUdi nhap cU va t i n g ngin sich giii quyet triet de cac diem niy Ndi each khac, chung ta can tap trung ngudn luc v i o cic ndi trpng diem de giii quyet, ddng thdi tao hieu dng lan tda doi vdi cac khu vdc l i n can Da Ning can thiet ke mdt chUdng trinh dau tU ddng bp nhim giii quyet cae bde xuc ve co sd tang tai diy, chu trpng thoat nddc v i ve sinh mdi trudng Phin bd ngan sich ehi d i u tu va ngan sach ehi thudng xuyen eho eac dja ban ehuyen ddi d cac vung ngoai vi dd thj hda c i n xac djnh theo qui md tdng dan sd bao gdm ca ngUdi b i n xd va ngUdi nhip eu, n h i m giii quyet suqua t i i cua cac dieh vu giao due, y te, thu gom rac thai, Chu trpng tdng cUdng von xd hgi cCia c i ngUdi ngheo b i n x d v i ngheo nhap cu cie nd luc g i i m ngheo dd thj ChUdng trinh hoat ddng cua ehinh quyln dia phUdng, doin t h l v i cic td chdc x i hdi, eac nhi t i i trp nin chu trpng nang cao vai trd cOa phudng 11 v i to d i n phd viec to ehde eac hoat ddng d i n sinh tren dja ban theo phdong cham "Nha nddc v i nhin d i n eung lam", ddng thdi thue day sd ehia sl, td giOp v i hda nhip cua ngddi nhap cU, co the b i t dau td cac mdi quan he xa hpi phi chinh thde nhd nhdm ddng hddng, nhdm ban trp, Vdn xa hdi ed the md rdng bang eie hoat dpng xa hdi chung nhU tham gia cdng tie td thien d l tao sU ddng cam va thau hieu, tham gia cac hoat ddng bao ve mdi trudng va nhieu loai hinh hoat ddng xa hdl da dang khac d day, chung ta thay can nang cao vai trd eCia Mat tran to qudc cac d p va nhilu to ehde x i hdi khic viec tim hieu hoin cinh eOa ngUdi dan, dae biet la ngddi ngheo, tao cic hoat ddng d l k i t ndi hp, giup hp tao cic mdi quan he xa hdi nhim cCing cd sd doin kit va tddng trp lan gida cac tang Idp nhan dan Tuy nhiin, chung ta cung ein luu y viec tham gia cie nhdm xa hdi nhU hdi ddng huong trinh d l xiy tlnh trang be phai, cue bp inh hudng den sUdoan kit, hda hpp vdi eie nhdm xa hdi khac Tiep tuc hd trp v i tim hieu cac hinh thde hd trp thilt thue hon, nhieu loai hinh tfn dung da dang eho hd ngheo, de nhdng ngudi ngheo ed y ehf va each thdc l i m i n tdt ddpc vay vdn lam an, vddn l l n thoit ngheo va giup ngUdi khic thoat ngheo Mudn nhd viy, chung ta phii ning cao nang lUc, vai trd va trach nhiem cOa dpi ngu lam cdng tac xda ddi, giim ngheo tai cd sd bdi khdng cd ein bd nao nlm tlnh hinh, tam tu, nguyen vpng eCia tdng ei nhin, hd ngheo rdnhucic ein bd cdng tac tai co sd Tao sU lien k i t gida eae doanh nghiep ddng tren dja ban vdi ngudn nhan ldc dja phddng, du t i l n em eic hp ngheo Ddng thdi, phd can quan t i m xay ddng dpi ngu ein bd lam edng T2J tie ehuyen trich ve giam ngheo, cd sU d l i ngd hpp ly va tao dieu kien de hp tan tam vdi ngudi ngheo, cum ngheo; nang cao trinh dp va ky nang Ilm viec ciia can bd giim ngheo d CO sd thdng qua cac Idp tap huan; phan cdng trich nhiem rd rang eho ein bd lam cdng tac giim ngheo; tang cudng cdng tic kiem tra, tra, giam sit cae ehuong trinh, dy In lien quan den edng tie giam ngheo Ben canh dd, chfnh quyen phd eung can xd ly nghiem cac el nhin, td chiic tham nhung, vi pham chinh saeh, die biet cic chfnh sich cho ngudi nghdo Tham nhung la mdt te nan ding len an nhung tham nhung chinh sich xa hdi edn dang len an hon bdi nd ddng cham d^n nhdng ddi tuong chfnh sach, ngudi ngheo, Ilm xdi mdn Idng tin va bin chat tdt dep cua che dp danh eho nhiing ngudi khd khin, yeu the, de bj tdn thuong Chli y nang eao chat lupng va md rdng cae hinh thufc tuyen truyen da dang, thiet thyc ve eic tam guong vuon len thoit nghdo va iam giau chinh dang, ddng thdi xda bd tam ly ky thj, phln biet ddi xd vdi ngudi ngheo mdt bd phan dan cU Xda bd ky thj ddi vdi ngydi nghep la viec lam can thiet, khdng de tdn tai quan niem ngudi ngheo la nhdng ngudi kem cdi, ludi lao ddng, din nhan ngudi ngheo vdi sy chayi, dya dam vao Nha nude, ddng thdi cie cap ehfnh quyen can xda bd tam ly ty ti, an phln mdt bd phan ngydi ngheo, tao ddng lye, y chf vuon len bang eic tam gyong, bai hpc dien hinh (qua bao ehf, tuyen truyen, hdi thi, ) Cdng tac tuyen truyen, van ddng can "fim each giiip nhdng ngudi ngheo nhen nhdm len sy ty tin, tao thdi quen bat tay vao viec du rat nhd, kien nhan hudng dan, khieh le de hp dat duoc nhOfng budc tien du be xiu, gay dyng cho hp niem hy vpng ve ehfnh ban than, mdt VO THAI HANH cam giae hp khdng phli la phe thii"* Cie can bd chuyen trach giam nghdo phli thuc sy la ngydi ban, ngudi gan gui de ddng viSn, truyen elm hdng cho ngydi ngheo v l biel de xuat kjp thdi cacgiliphlpnham thao gS khd khin eho hp IVIpt van de niia ma ehiing ta can phli lam de nang eao hieu q u i thye chat ciia chinh sach giim ngheo II xdo hd benh thdnh tich, hinh thitc cdng tdc xda ddi, gidm ngliio cua nhieu can bd phd Vi neu chay theo tfeh chung ta se ed cac bio cao, dinh gia l o , khdng dung thyc chat va dodd chiing ta khdng cd nhin nhan diing bin cha't sy viec va dua cac gill phap ehfnh sach dung cho v l n de Cd nhieu quan dinh gia tieu chuan hd ngheo van bj yeu td chii quan ehi phdi va benh tfch hpac ap dat dil tieu td cap tren xudng cho mdi phudng Do dd, cd sy thSc mac, khieu nai eda nhieu ho tai sap hd dypc vao dien hd ngheo, cac hd khac ed hoan cinh khd khan tuong tillai khdng? Thyc te, viec dua cic hd vio danh sach giim ngheo cd phu thudc vao y chi chii quan ciia ein bd giim nghdo, hoae luan phien danh saeh giufa eae hd ngheo theo tdng nam de khdng che cho phCi hap vdi chi tieu ma cap tren an djnh cho moi phudng Cich lam nhu viy vda giim hiSu q u i eda cdng t i e giam ngheo vUa gay I6n sil b i t binh nhan d i n , khien ngUdi dan hieu chd truong, ehinh saeh tdt dep niy nhil sy ban on cua cac can bd cd trach nhiem thay vl quyen loi duong nhien hp duoe hudng Thiet lap eo che b i o cio, giim sat thudng xuyen, lien tue thay vi mdi nam lan (rl soit hp ngheo theo danh sach vao thing vi thing 10 hSng nam) nhu quy djnh cda phd Chung ta deu biet rSng hd ngheo va ^ Dang Hoang Giang, Tldd ap ehf Khoa hpc xa hdi mien Trung, sd 02 (34) - 2015 igudi ngheo, die biet tai cic thj, cd tinh le tdn thuong trude cic biln ed ca tU nhien a xa hpi nhU: rCii ro td thien tai, lam phit, lat dn kinh t l vT md, Theo nhu phin i n h :Cia cic can bd lam cdng tic giam ngheo cd d, ngudi ngheo thj ddi gap cie bien :d bat ngd cupc sdng nhu tai nan giao hdng hoac dm dau benh tat, hp lai khong :d dupe su hd trp cin thiet eCia mang lUdi :ac mdi quan he xa hpi ddi mat vdi :ac khoin ehi tieu Idn, bat ngd de dan den u quin bach, bi quan TrUde nhdng biln long hp rat khd xoay sd, cin sU trp giup kjp hdi td cie cap chfnh quyen v i eie td chdc :a hdi Dodo, phd c i n xiy ddng d cae )hudng, cic td d i n phd cac cdng t i e vien Snh nguyin san sang giup dd, dng phd eung fdi ngddi ngheo trude eie khd khan cudc ;dng hang ngiy v i bio eio l l n chfnh quyen ihdng khd khan mdi phat sinh nam ngoai [hi nang cCia hp Nhu vay, cac cd quan cd rich nhiem se ed thdng tin day du, kjp thdi rong edng t i e giim ngheo tai cic thj, noi n i vai trd cua gia dinh, cdng ddng suy giim ldn so vdi ndng thdn Vln de gidi va vai trd cua phu nd :dng tac giim ngheo thj tai Da Nang cin tuac quan t i m thfch d i n g cac chfnh i e h giim ngheo dd thj eCia phd "hdng thudng chung ta quan niem ngUdi fin dng, ngUdi ehdng la tru cdt, ed vai trd hinh viec tao thu nhip va d i p dng cac ihu eau khie eCia cac vien gia finh m i it chu y hoac ehu y khdng dung mdc ten vai trd eiia ngUdi vp, ngUdi phu ndtrong |ia dinh Cae ehinh sach giim ngheo thj, lo dd c i n tan dung tdi da cac ngudn lUc td a nam gidi v i phu nd viec vddn len hoit ngheo nhU d i o tao nghi, cho vay vdn, nd rpng mang Iddi x i hdi, t i l p can thdng tin ihipluit, 13 Thanh phd can chu y den viec glim thieu eie nguy ed cua mdi trddng d nhiem den sdc khde ngudi d i n , eung nhd t i c dpng cua thien tai tren pham vi rdng Idn: Cic van de ma Nha nudc can quan t i m ddi vdi ngudi ngheo dd thj la nhdm niy thddng sdng t i p trung tai cac khu d i n cU chit chdi, d nhilm, ed g i i re hon Sinh sdng tai cic khu vUc ngUdi dan phii ddi mat vdi nguy cd d nhiem khdng khf, ngudn nddc, dit, tilng dn, va mong manh trddc eac thien tai, dae bilt la bao tai cic tinh miln Trung Cic chfnh sach giam ngheo giup hp ddpc t i l p can tdt hon vdi viec sddung nude saeh, xiy nha v l sinh dat chuan mdi trudng, t i l p can eae djeh vu cham sdc sdc khde, vay vdn sda ehda nhi kiln ed trudc mua mUa bao, Cudi cung Da Ning can ed cd che va bien phap tfch cUc de thu hutva tranh thCi ngudn luc t i i chfnh, kinh nghiem, tri thdc cua cac to ehde qude te vile nghiln edu v i trien khai eic giii phip ngin ngda, giim thieu ngheo dd thj hieu q u i Cac ngudn Ide cua cac to chdc qudc te da chdng minh dupe tfnh thilt thdc v i hieu q u i tai phd Ho Chf Minh va H i Ndi va mpt dd thj nang ddng, phit triln manh me nhd D i Nang cd nhieu Ipi t h l viec tranh thO cie ngudn ldc K^t luan Trong viee thde thi chinh sach giam nghio ndi chung, ngheo dd thj ndi rieng, thinh phd Da Ning da ed sd van dung sing tao dddng Idi, nghj quyet cOa D i n g v i eie ehfnh sieh eua Nhi nddc vao thde tien dja phUdng He thdng chfnh sich cd mdt sd n i t mdi, the hien each t i l p can linh hoat v i da chieu hon Chfnh sach hddng den giim ngheo thj dUpc thdc hien tdt, tiep can sit ddi tupng, tao hieu dng tfch cUc, cd su lan 14 I tda rdng cdng ddng Ket qui dat dypc eua ehinh saeh da the hien bang eic sd giam ngheo an typng, ben vdng hon, dupc nhieu dja phuong ea nude dinh gia cao, tap nen net mdi tuoi sang eda mdt dd thj "ding sdng" tren ea khfa canh mdi trudng ty nhien, kinh te va xa hdi Trong qua trinh thye thi ehfnh sich giim ngheo ndi ehung, ngheo dd thj ndi rieng, phd Da NSng khdng tranh khdi mdt sd khd khin, bat cap, nhung xet ve tdng the, ket qui dat dupc la I n tupng, dang nghi nhan TAlLieUTHAMKHAO Cue Thdng ke Ha Ndi va phd Hd Chf IVIinh (2010), Bdnh gid ngheo thi i Hd Ngi vd thdnh Hd Chi Minh, khudn khd eae dy I n tai trp nghien eUu ngheo dd thj cua UNDP, http://www.vn.undp.prg/ content /dam/vietnam/docs/UNDP-in-the News/ Z29458 _Baocao_Ngheo_Do_thi.pdf Oxfam, Action Aids (2011), Bdo cdo cap nhdt ngheo dd thi, http://www.aetionaid.org /sites/ftles/aetionaid/urban_poverty Oxfam, Action Aids (2010), Theo ddi ngheo dd thi theo phuang phdp cung tham gia Bap d o tdng hpp vdng 3, http://www actionaid.org /sites/files/aetionaid /urban_ poverty_monitoring_round_3_vn.pdf Le Van Thanh, Chuan ngheo vd ban chdt ngheo thi d thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh, K^ yeu Hpi thio qudc te Met Nam hpe lan thd 3, Ha Ndi Oxfam, Aetipn Aids (2011), Cdn cd chinh sdch vd nguon luc thich ddng han cho chuang trinh gidm ngheo dd thi (thdng tin chp bap chO http://pxfaminvietnam.wprdpress.cpm/ resoureesbaocap/ Oxfam, Action Aids (2010), Cdn thay doi ve nhin nhdn ngudi ngheo vd cdch gidm VO THAI HANH ngheo (thdng tin cho bao chO http://oxfamiii vietnam.wprdpress.cpm/respureesbaocao/ Dang Hoing Giang, Bd NSng /let kien nhan vdi ngudi 'ngheo, ludi', http-JI vietnamnet.vn/vn/tuanvietnam/171045/ da-nang-het-kien-nhan-voi-nguoi ngheoluoi-.html Cdng thdng tin dien td phd fia NSng, Md rdng doi tuang duac hudng chinh sdch gidm ngheo http://www.danangdty gov.vn /portal/page/portal/danang/ ehinhquyen/tin_tuc?p_pers_id=42058&p_ f o l d e r _ i d = 39013&p_main_news_ id=38826667 Quyet djnh sd 1489/QD-TTg cua Thi tydng Chfnh phd v^ Phe duyet Chuong trinh mue tieu qudc gia Giam ngheo ben vdng giai doan 2012-2015, Ha Npi 10 Quyet djnh ban hanh de In giSm ngheo eua phd Da Nang giai doan 2005-2010 11 Dinh Tang (2011), Hdi nghj tong kit cdng tdc gidm ngheo cOa thdnh Bi Ndng ndm 2011 http://dangcongsan.vn/ CPV/Modules /News/NewsDetail.aspx?co_ id=28340531 &cn_id=500291 12 Nguyen Thj Tra, Ngudi bgn cia M nghio, http://www.danangcity.gov.vn/ portal/ page/portal/danang/ehinhquyen/ g u o n g _ t i e n _ t i e n ? p _ p e r s _ i d = &p f o l d e r _ i d = 13014990&p_main_news id=l 3113468&p_yearjel= 13 UNDP, NhOng thdch thiic dang d phia tri/dc,http://www.undp.org vn/what-we-do/ focus -areas/policyresearch/?&languageld=4 14 Quyet djnh phe duyet De I n giim nghep tren dja ban phd Ba NSng giai doan 2009-2015 15 UNDP,Xda ddi gidm nghio vdphdt tiien xd hdi, http://www.undp.org.vn/what-we- ap ehf Khoa hpc x l hdi miin Trung, sd 02 (34) - 2015 15 lo /focus-areas/povertyreduction/?&langua ield=4 deprivation Environment and Planning A, Volume 34, pages 1073-1093 16 Bd Lao ddng, Thuong binh va Xa hdi 2011), Hdl nghi trien khai nhiem vu cdng tdc ldm 2011, Nxb Lao ddng xa hdi Ha Ndi 17 Nguyen Duy ThSng (2003), Ngheo khd td thj: Cae nguyen nhin va yeu td t i c ddng, ap ehf Xa hdi hpe, sd (81), Ha Ndi 24 Na Li, Wei Hsin Lin, Xiaobing Wang (2012), From rural poverty to Urban deprivation? The plight of Chinese rural-urban migrants through the Lens of Last train home East Asia, 29:173-186 25 George C, Galster, Housing Discrimination and Urban Poverty of AfricanAmericans, Journal of Housing Research, Vol Issue 26 Philip Amis (1995), Making sense of Urban poverty Environment and Urbanization, 7:145, http://eau.sagepub com/ 18 Cdng thdng tin dien td phd 5a NSng http://www.danang.gov.vn/portal/ )age/portal/danang 19 Bio d p dinh gia ehfnh saeh an sinh la hdi va thyc hien chfnh sich an sinh xa hpi ren dja ban phdBa NSng 1997-2013 :da Thanh iiy Da NSng,DI Nang 20 Bio Da Nang http://www.baodanang fn /channel/5399/201307/ho-dac-bietigheo-eho-ho-tro-2255375/ 21 Shahadat Hossain (2008), Rapid urban irowth and poverty In Dhaka clty,Bmg\ades)n ;-journal of Spciplogy, Volume 5, number 1, anuary2008 22 Ellen Wratten (1995), Conceptualizing irban poverty Environment and Jrbanization, http://eau.sagepub.com/ 23 Richard J Harris and Paul A Longley 2002), Creating small area measures of urban 27 Sun Sheng Han (2011), Urban Challenges In East and North-East Asia, Subregional discussion paper - NorthEast Asia prepared for the 5"" Asia Pacific Urban forum, 22-24 June, Bangkok, Thailand 28 Caroline O.N Moser (1995), Urban Social policy and Poverty Reduction, Environment and Urbanization, 7:159, http:// eau.sagepub.eom/ '^^ss^^sr' ... cing trd nen bde xuc, nghiem trpng ddi vdi sU phit trien ben vdng cua phd I Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qud chinh sach gidm ngheo thj tai Da Nang Ngoai nhdng ehuyen bien not tai Idng thinh phd... sinh, phit trien Van de niy mpt mat giup phd giii quyet tlnh trang khan hiem lao dpng ehit Idpng cao, hoac d i p dng nhu elu lao ddng mot sd nganh nghe ma thj dan phd khdng quan tam Nhdng mat khie... dau vUdn l l n t h o i t ngheo, tao chuyen bien cdng t i c giam ngheo thi Td do, hudng den nang cao cac van de an sinh x i hpi khic cho ngudi ngheo Khdng de ngUdi ngheo, em hp vi khd khan kinh