NflHP THUAT RrtN PHUONG Khong gian gia dinh TRONG TRUYEN CO TICK VIET - HAN L i r u THI H N G V I £ T • " ^ u.uan a n hfi anh em I II tron gia dinh V ^ ^ n gngudi ui Vi^t vfi ngudi flJfrtrong cfic truyfin c6 judiHafrTroni tfch ldn tai mau thufin xufit phfit tfl vific phfin chia, k l thfla tai sfin Khi btf me gifi hay mfit di thl ngudi nfiy ldng tham, fch ky, mudn chilm doat lofin bd gia san thudng lfi ngudi anh; ngudi chiu thifit thdi, khdng ofin than, trfich cfl mdi Idl vfi chfip nhfin cudc sdng khd khfln Ihilu thdn lfi nhflng ngudi em tdi nghifip Himg Pu vd Non Pu (Han) mifiu la gia dinh ngudi anh vfi gia dinh ngudi em mang tfnh ehflt ddi Ifip: ngudi anh gifiu cd ngudi em nghfio khS Kll thflc tmyfin, ngudi em Hung Pu vdi ban tfnh hiln Ifinh, cfin cfl da cd su d6i thay vl cudc stfng, anh sd hflu mdt khdng gian rdng, dfiy du vl vflt chfil vfi Iinh thfin Sy thinh vupng cua gia dinh ngudi em dupc kl rfit chi tilt, tfl ngdi nhfi dep nhu cung diln vdi nhilu phdng tfc, khung cfla khiln nhihig tfin dfiu dIh thflm diu ^ i cd su hudng dfin cua ngudi hfiu Khdng gian gia dinh Hung Pu lflc nfio cQng fim fip bdi llnh ylu thuong ciia mpi ngudi Mac dfl trudc dfly gia dinh Hung Pu bi ngudi anh Non Pu Gia dinh Id co sd cua xa hOi nfing nghifip ctf tniytfn Viet Nam cung nhu Hdn Qutfc KhAng gian gia dinh Id noi thtf hl$n ro tinh cdch vd vltiim chfil ciia mfii thdnh vien Trong khfing gianflytfin lai nhutig mfii quan hfi thdt da dang vd phi][c tap cha m? - cdi, chfing - vo, anh - em, me ghfi - chfing m9 chfing - ndng ddu, g^n Htfn vfil su dfi'i ldp gliita gidu ngheo, xdu ttft, thifin dc Khfing gian gia dinh cfin Id noi blnh yfin, chdn quay vfi', noi ddl stfng sinh hoat hdng ngdy difin ro nfit vd thtf hlfin vdn hfia truyfin thtfng tfn ngudng phong tuc ddi xfl tfin nhfin, nhimg khl gia dinh ngudi anh gap nan Hung Pu da md rdng vong tay ddn nhfin vfi bao bpc ca gia dinh ngudi anh Ngudi Han cd quan nilm: bfii ky cung cd Ihl sua mlnh va trd Ihfinh ngudl cd dao dflc; ngudi nfin tha thfl vfi khoan dung Ifin cau chuyfin gifio due ngudi Idng vi tha, bill nhfin ldi sfla ldi cung nhu Iudn phai bill dilu hda mdi quan hfi gia dinh Quan hfi gifla anh vfi em unyin c6 tich cua ngudi Viet da cd mau ihufin thl rfit khd dung hda bcri mfiu Ihufin diln gay gfii vfi khfic nghilt Nhfin vat ngudi anh Iudn dtfi xfl tfin nhfin vdi ngudi em, khdng bao gid nhfin nhihig ldi lfim ciia minh vi thl cflng khdng thl khdi phuc mdi quan hfi ttft dep Dilu nfiy cho difiy ngudi Vifit cd quan nifim: cai thiln va cai ac khd cd thl dung hda, nd Iudn tdn lal va dd'i lap vdi nhtmg cfii fie se bi tifiu diet Cdy khi' nhfin manh din vific khuyin thien trflng fie; cfii thifin ludn dupc tdn vinh, cai fie bi trimg phat thich dang Su tich trdu, cau vd vdi ndi vl tinh anh em sau nang nhung ngudi anh cd hanh phuc gia dinh thi tinh cam anh em khdng cdn thflm thilt nhu trudc, quan he ngfiy cfing cd khoang cfich vfi mflu thufin khdng thl gifii tda Ngudi em roi vfio su tuyet vpng Khdng gian gia dinh trd nfin ngdt ngat vl bi bao irflm bdi su nghi ngd, ghen ludng Ngudi em da lua chpn su di dl cho quan hfi vp chdng ciia ngudi anh dupc yin tfn; ngudi anh di vi nhd thucmg em va hdi hfin vl su lanh nhat vdi em; ngudi vp di Ifi dl tim chdng vfi em chdng Nhung Stf 3451 Thing 3-20131 VAN HrtA NinHg THI I A T M l l t e MCOAl ngudi anh bilt hdi hfln, nh&n sai Ifim cua mlnh thl da qufi mudn Ngudi Viet vfi ngudi Hfin cQng nha'n manh mtfi quan hfi khdng Ihl thilu mdl gia dmh dd Ifi quan hi vp chdng Tmh cam vp chdng thfim thill man ndng dfi lao nfin mdt khdng gian gia dinh Iy ludng TVong xa hdi cQ, ngUdi phfii sd'ng Iheo ll gifio phong kiln, khdng dupc lfim theo J Ihfch, mong udc cua riing mlnh, nhfit Ifi hdn nhfin thl ludn phai nghe theo su sfip dat cua nhflng ngudi bl trfin Dan gian mong udc thofit khdl nhung rfing budc vl hdn nhfln, tinh cam, mong udc mdt xa hdi cdng bflng mfi d dd ngudi dupc thuc hifin nhung udc mo ciia ban thfin, khdng cd &u phfln bifit sang hfin, than phfln, dia vi vfi nhflng ngudi yfiu se dupc din vdl nhau, cflng chia se mpi cay dfing cung nhu hanh phuc d ddi Khdng gian gia dinh fim cung, hanh phflc da tilp thim sfle manh giflp mpi ngudi vupt qua khd khfln Sir tich dng ddu rau da khflng dinh linh nghia ngudi lfi tfit ca: "Ngfiy xua, cd hai vp chdng son nhfi nghfio Hp diu sinh nhai bfing nghl Ifim mudn l^y nghfio nhung hp rfit yfiu ThutAig budi ttfi sau di Ifim vl hai vp chdng ngdi bfin bip IDra hay dudi finh trflng kl cho nhflng chuyfin xa gfin mdi nghe dupc, hay hfil nhflng cflu tmh duyfin, cd vui vh qufin ca com nudc" T\iy nhiln, khdng gian gia dinh khdng phai Iflc nfio cflng yin fim, nd c n Stf 345 K l Thdng 3-2013 bj phfi vd bdi nhilu nguyfin nhfln khfic Trong quan hi vp chdng d cfic iruyin cfla ngudi Vi|i nil bfli vfin Ifi sir ghen tudng cua ngudi chdng dfin din cfii chit oan khdc cua nhflng ngudi vp hiln Ifinh, chung Ihuy Chfnh su ghen ludng mu quang nfiy dfi dfin phfi vd hanh phuc Im flm, llnh nghia vp chdng, hon ihl cdn gfly nin cfii chll oan flc, bi thucmg cua nhflng ngudi phu nfl Khdng gian gia dinhfi'mfip cua chfing Throng uong truyin Vgf chdng Truang dfi bi cfii xfiu xen vfio, Ifim dao Idn mpi sinh hoal Khdng gian gia dinh dfin hiln Iln rd nil qua Idl kl ciia Ific gifi dan gian: quan hi vp chdng thflm thilt, ngudi vp ludn gifl gin khudn phip, hilu ihfl'u tfnh cfich cua chdng nfin ung xu khio Ilo mpi noi mpi Iflc rfit cfin Irpng Din Iflc Truang Sinh di Ifnh, nfing mdt minh nudi dudng me chdng, day dd tho, lfim nhifim vu ngudl dfiu, ngudi me tre mdt cfich chu dfio Phfim chfit dao dflc cua nfing cdn dupc khflng djnh bdi su chung ihuy mdt Idng hudng vl ngudi chdng dang phai dtfi mflt vdi su sdng vfi cfii chll VI nhd thucmg chdng, thuong nfing dfi dfla vdi con, dem nilm vui ldi cho bfing cfich tro bdng mlnh mfi bao dd Ifi cha cua Nfing b) chfnh Truong Sinh rQ bd tfi't ca chi vi thdi da nghi, ghen tudng mfl qufing Chi vl tin theo ldi ciia mdt diia tre tha dang tfip ndi: "Mfiy Idi ndi vd tinh cua dfla bl Ifim cho Truong Sinh tin lfi vp minh ngoai llnh Con ghen tu nhiln bflng bflng btfc Iln" Gia (finh chfing Truong gid dfiy chi cbn tdn tai mdt khdng khf u Jm, nflng nl Mflc dfl Vu Thi Tliifi da sfle biln bach va hfing xdm blnh vuc nhung Tnrong Sinh vfin mdt muc khdng tin, hon nua tinh cfich ndng n^ cua Truang Suih dfi khij^ m(x ngudi phu nfl nhu Vii Tbi HiiA khdng cdn tia hy vpng Bao nhilu cdng sfle, Ilnh cam ch^ chiu ciia ngudi vp dl vun dap, gifl gin cfii gia dinh bl nho da trd nfin vd nghia nfing da tra Ihfinh mdt ngudi bac mfinh Trfii lim nfing lan nfit, dau ddn khdn cflng nfing dfi tu via u i ddng sdng que huong dl bfiy id Idng mlnh Ngudi vp Su dch dd Bd rail ciing cung chung sfi phfln bfl'i hanh Vl sinh kl, hai vp chdng phai xa ngufri vp dfim nhd mong lio chdng, lo Iflng cho chdng ling gifly tung phut Sau nhiing thfing ngfiy dai chd mong, n ^ Iai duoc stfng nilm vui Idn lao dd lfi su trd vl ciia chdng nhung **vui chua uon mi budn da xufit hifin Su nghi ngd bdng nd ldng nguM chdng Chdng vdn Ifi nguM ca ghen " Cfii gheo dfin idi su bao th6, hep hdi vfi nhflng h^i ddng vu phu D6i vdi n h ^ ngudi chtfng thilu nilm tio ^ ngudi ban ddi da chung st&g vdi mlnh thi su giai thfeh, i ^ trfin cua ngudi vp khdng cd gii trj gi Cfii quyin dupc giai thich, minh oan, dupc bift n ngudn gtfc vaii dl cua ngi* phu nfl cflng khdng thl c6 uong xa hdi phong kiln vin ch^ dp nam quyin Ngu^ vp "E chll vfi hda da vl su ghen tudng, vd tinh va ba't cdng cua ngufri chdng Nlu nhu truyfin cua ngudi Viet phan anh bi kich gia dinh bat ngudn tfl sir ghen tudng cua ngudi chdng, Ifin fin, phe phan chIdd nam quyin Ihi miyfin cua ngudl Hfin lal tap Irung md ta nhflng xung ddt ut)ng quan hfi vp chdng bfit ngudn Ifl su thilu kifin nhfin Idng tham cua ngudi vp hofle ngudi chdng, cd ca hai vfi qua dd, gifio due ngudl lu dudng, rln luyfin dao dflc, tfnh cfich Cdi lg thdn cho thfiy Idng tham v6 gidi han cua ngudi vp ddng thdi dao vp chdng cung bi phfi vd bdi chfnh su tham lam, dde fie Va anh hgc trd bie'n thdnh tdm lai cho ta thfiy nguyfin nhfln khfic dfln tdi su tan vd khdng thl ndi Iai quan hfi vp chdng dd la su thilu kifin nhfin cua ngudi vp Ngudi vp rfit kfnh trpng chdng, da chiu dung ifit ca nhflng khd khan, Io lfing mpi vific lrong gia dinh dl cho chdng yfin tam hpe hanh vdi hy vpng cd dupc cudc sdng sung sudng hon chdng dd dat Iam quan Ifdc mo dep de fiy cua ngudi vp da bao Ifin bi dap tfit bdi anh hpe trd mfiy Ifin thi diu khdng dd dat Tfl thdi thflc mutfn thofit khdi tinh hudng khd khfln thuc tai vfi su thfit vpng vl chdng, cd da cd hfinh vi sai lfim Cd da tu rdi bd chdng vfi cung tu danh mfit banh phflc le thudc vl minh Khi ngudi chdng thi dd, Iam quan, gflp lai chdng cu, cd da tu vfin Truyfin khuyin chflng ta vl su chung thtiy vfl ldng kifin nhfin irong mdi quan hi vp chdng Me ghe - chdng cung tfi mdt nhutig quan hfi dupc dl cap Iruyfin cd tfch ciia hai nudc Vifit, Han Ndi dung ciia cfic truyfin xoay quanh su dd ky, ghen ghet ciia ngudi di ghe dd'i vdl chdng Nhung ngudi tdi nghifip bj me ghe hanh ha, dd'i xu tan ac khdng bifi't trdng cay vao dau Gidng nhu nhan vai Tfim cua Vifit Nam nhan vflt Y Pu Ni irong Chim Pul kuc (1) ludn Iudn phai lfim viec khdng nghi ngoi, hon thl ihudng bi me ghe dfinh dflp dau ddn Su sd'ng cua Y Pu Ni Iudn Iudn bj de doa va cudi cflng cd cung khdng Ihoal khdi flm muu gian ae ba't Iuong ciia mu dl ghe, danh chju mdt cai chll oan khdc Khdng gian gia dinh cua ngudi Vifit va ngudi Hfin cdn tdn tai quan he gifla cha me va cfii mfi ndi bfit la quan hfi me chdng va nang dau Quan Am Thi Kinh (Vifit) da ndi Ifin mudn vfin khd dau, oan flc mfi ngudi dau phai chiu dung bdi ngudl chdng vfi me chdng gian ngoa Hanh ddng dudi ngudi dau khdi nha cfla ba me chdng da khiln cudc dcri cua mdt ngudi bi dang dd, khdng thl tru nli bdi nhflng cfii nhln soi mdi vfi su khinh mifii cua ngudi ddi Ngudi me chdng Ngudn gdc chim Pa khu ky, Tii'ng kin cua chim Kuckoo (Han) da true tilp gay nen cfii chit cua ngudi dau Su xufit hiln c6a nfing dau gia dinh khiln bfi me chdng ludn canh chflng mpi vile lfl vific nhd nhfit, nhfln tfnh khdng cdn tdn tai vl vfly ba da danh dap ngudi dau din chfi't Tuy vay, mdi quan hfi gfin bd Irfin dfiy tinh yfiu thuang gifla me chdng va nfing dflu cung da dupc cfic tac gia dan gian Hfin phan anh rd nil, sinh ddng Lua cua trdi kl vl mtfi quan hi itfl dep gifla me chdng, nfing dflu Ho Iudn ylu thuang, quan tam vfi hy sinh cho nhau, du ngheo khd nhung khdng khl gia dinh lflc nao cung trfin dfiy llnh ngudi Cudc ddi cua ngudi dau gflp nhilu ba't hanh, chdng chll, hoan canh gia dinh ngheo khd, phai Ifim thue Ifim mudn dl nuOi me chdng Ddi vdi cd, vific cham sdc me chdng la mdt nilm vui, hanh phuc cho nfin dfl cd vfit va din mfiy cd cung khdng mdt Idi than van mfi nguac lai, Idng yfiu Ihuong me mdi lflc mdl Idn dfin Tmh cam gifla hai me cang trd nfin gfin bd han va ngudl me chdng rfii tu hao ve ngudl dau cua minh Tmh yfiu thuong, su chia se da giup hai me vupt qua mpi khd khfln, thu thach; nghfio khd khdng thl Iam hp nan chf va khdng gi ed thl ehia re llnh cam ihifing lifing fiy Hp xflng dang dupc hudng cudc stfng no du sudt ddi Nfing dau Chdo giun ddt cung mang phfim chfit ngdi sfing, hit ldng chflm sdc vfi lo Ifing cho sfle khde cua me chdng, Ifim mpi vific dl nudi me Du hoan canh gia dtnh tung Ihilu, can kilt ngudn Iuong thuc, nhtmg ngudi dflu vfin lac Stf ThSng 3-20131 V&N H A Nr.Hlf THUAT NI^^C NGOAl quan, khdng dl m? phfii Io lfing C:hfnh su cham sdc an cfin, chu dao cua cd da lfim cho ddi mat cua mc sang trd Iai, khdng phai sdng lrong dau dm blnh tai va mii Ida nhu irudc gia dinh lai thfim phfin hanh phuc dfim fim hda thuan Truyfin ndi dfin quan hfi hai chifiu: nfing dflu tini xir hifiu thuftn tofin iam vdi me chdng me chdng quy trpng dau nhu chfnh de cua minh, cung chia sc mpi nilm vui ndi budn nfin gia dinh da cd dupc lifing ndi chung vfi cd nin tang vflng chfic Gia dmh cflng dupc ngudi Vlfit ludn quan tflm, phan anh qua nhflng truyfin cd Ifch khuyfin ran ngudi bill nang niu Iran trpng Id fim cua mlnh: cai hifi'u thufln vdi cha me, vp chdng mdt long thuy chung, anh em doan kit gfin bd Nhung 201 truyfin cd tfch cCia ngudi Vifit dupc Nguyin Ddng Chi gidi thifiu (2) thi chi cd Quan Am Thi Kinh ndi vl su bfit hda gifla me chdng vfi nfing dau, cdn quan hfi td't dep, hai chilu thi khdng dupc nhfiih manh khdng dupc phan finh ro nhu Irong hai tmyfin ctf tfch duoc gidi thilu Truyin cd' Hdn Qudc (3) Khdng gian gia dinh dupc phan finh uong u-uyfin cd tich Vifil Nam, Hfin QuiSc Ifi noi binh yfin, chdn quay vl cua cfic nhfin vflt Cfic nhfln vflt mutfn Ihay ddi s6 phfln khdng chfip nhfin mdt khdng gian stfng nhd hep, nghio nfin, nhfin vflt da tfl gia gia dinh vfi di tlm cudc stfng mdi Nhung Iflc Stf 345 IThdng 3-2013 budc chfln di cQng lfi Iflc ph^i dtfi mai vdl nhung khd khan, gian khd, khdng ngudi sc chia khong md rdng vdng tay bao bnc Khi dd nhfln vat chi cdn nrti nhfl'l dfi quay vl: gia dinh Trd vl vdi gia dinh, nhfln vflt nhan dupe tfit ca llnh cani chan ihanh ciia mpi ngudi Nhiing ngudi ihan ludn lo Ifing va vui mimg md rdng vdng tay ddn nhung ngudi than di xa trd vl Khdng gian gia dinh cdn lii nai ddl sdng sinh hoal hang ngfiy diln rd nil qua nhflng cdng vific binh thudng nhu nfiu fln, dpn dep nha cua giat giQ may vfi qufin ao Cfic nhan vat Ihl hifin chu lofin nhung cdng vific gia dinh khdng chi Ifi ngudi blnh thudng ma cdn mang ldi nhu nfing dc sfin Ndng tien dc (Hfin), cd gai Ich Ngudi lay ich (Viet) Khdng gian gia dinh cdn la noi Ihl hifin van hda truyin thdng dan tdc qua tin ngudng, phong luc nhu tin ngudng van vat hflu hnh, van vat tuang giao, thd thfin (ihfin nfli, thfin cfiy, Ihfin sdng ihfin biln ), thd cung id tifin Tfn ngudng thd cung id tiln cua ngudi Viei vfi ngudi Hfin bfit ngudn lu nilm tin rfing Iinh hdn ngudi chit vfin cdn tdn iai Ihl gldl chflng ta vfi anh hudng ldi cudc stfng cua chfiu Day Ifi nilm tin va ddng Iuc dl Ihl hi chfiu sdng vfi hfinh ddng dflng dfin, ctf gfing biln nhflng khfit khao, ma udc thfinh hiln thuc: Tdi sdn thda ki'cua ba anh em trai (Hfin), Gdc tich bdnh chung vd bdnh ddy (Vilt), Qua khdng gian gia dinh, chung ta cung hl^u thfim vl cfic phong luc ciiaj^ nudc Vlfit Nam, Han Q u d f l trang phuc, phong tuc l a m B loai banh Iruyin thtfng^o tfi't phong tuc cflng gl6, hdn nhan Trong phong tuc an udng, ngudi Vifit vfi ngudi Han vfin gpi bua fln la bfia com, each gpi fiy ham nghu rang com (gao duac lfim chui) Ifi phfin co ban ciia biia an ngoai cdn cd chao, di kem lrong bfla an la rau, ca Ruau Ifi dd udng phd biln va Ihudng dupc su dung Irong mdi gia dinh Vifit va Hfin, die bifit khl cd vific quan Ngfiy nay, quan hfi gifla Vifit Nam \a Hfin Qudc dang phfit iriln su giao luu van hoa dupc thfi hlfin rd nil qua nhfing gia dinh ngudi Hfin sdng, lam viec d Vifit Nam va nhflng gia dinh ngudl Viet Nam sdng Han Qutfc Khdng gian gia dinh ciia ngudi Viet va ngucii Hfin hiln da cd nhifiu Kil khfic song CO ban vfin d u y ^ 1^1 uiln nhflng yfi'u itf Jich cue Irong mdl quan hfi gia dlnb va tflng gia dinh vfin cd ^ tli^ gin gifl truyin thtfng van h^ dfln Idea L.TH.V Jcon Hye Kyung Nghiin cn so sdnh iruyen c^Hdn QuSc vi ^ Nam Ihdng qua Um hieu su lieh ddng vdt Nxb Dgi hoc Qudc gia^ W(.2005.ir.l31-135 Nguy*n Ddng Oii, Khd truyin cd iich Vift Nam tip * Nxb Cido due Hk N6i, 2000 Dang Van l^ng (chu h Truyin eSHdn QuSc, Nxb Van hia Ddn t6c,Hk^C>\, 1998 ... cua nhflng ngudi phu nfl Khdng gian gia dinhfi''mfip cua chfing Throng uong truyin Vgf chdng Truang dfi bi cfii xfiu xen vfio, Ifim dao Idn mpi sinh hoal Khdng gian gia dinh dfin hiln Iln rd nil... khdng gian stfng nhd hep, nghio nfin, nhfin vflt da tfl gia gia dinh vfi di tlm cudc stfng mdi Nhung Iflc Stf 345 IThdng 3-2013 budc chfln di cQng lfi Iflc ph^i dtfi mai vdl nhung khd khan, gian. .. bj de doa va cudi cflng cd cung khdng Ihoal khdi flm muu gian ae ba''t Iuong ciia mu dl ghe, danh chju mdt cai chll oan khdc Khdng gian gia dinh cua ngudi Vifit va ngudi Hfin cdn tdn tai quan he