ảnh hưởng của tư tưởng nho giáo về gia đình trong xã hội việt nam hiện nay

S66, 4.2015 VANH ISSN23S4-1113 NGHIEN CUU-TRAO 0 HUdNG CUATl/Tl/dNG NHO GlAO VE GIA DINH TRONG XA Hdi VIET NAM HIEN NAY PGS.TS Tran Dinh Thao * Nho gido thdi ky Tien Tan (tdc Nho glao nguyen thuy - sau day gpi tat Id Nho gido) la mdt hoc thuyit cd nhilu tU tUdng tiln bd, nhung chd trUpng "hiiu eo" va rat bdo thu Bdt chap nhufng su" biln doi to Idn cda xd hdi, eae nhd Nho van col xa hdi nhd Chu la tdt dep va sdc bdo vd cho su tdn tai cua c h l dp dd Nhdng ydu cdu khIt khe v l danh phdn, tdn ti, trat tu ding cap, ve nghTa vu va quyen Irf.v.v dupc Nho giao xay dung ed hd thdng chat ehe va khac td thap d i n cao, td gia dmh d i n nudc vd thidn Trudc hit, can phan biet hai khai niem"gia''(nhd) va "qudc" (nudc) Theo nghTa hep, khai nidm "gia" cua Nho gido dupe hieu la "gia dmh" la "nha" Cdn theo nghTa rpng,"gia"dupe hiiu ddng nghia vdi "gia tdc"cdng vdi cdc quan hd hp hdng, bd h i t sdc phdc tap Nd cd the gdm ba hp (tam tdc) hay chfn hp (cdU tdc) g i n bd, rang budc chat chd vdi Nhdng gia dinh va gia tdc cd the luc rat quan tam den vide cung cd nhd minh va gia tdc minh nhim mue dieh trd nhdng "cU that" vung vd nude Ngoai ra, nd edn chidu tap nhCfng ngUdi cd tdi vdo Idm gia tudng, mdn khdeh; hoac nhdng ngUdi tin cin lam gia nd, gia ty d l tang thdm vdy ednh va the lUe Vi vay, mdi gia tdc, ngoai nhdng quan he gia dinh lam n i n tang edn ed nhdng quan he bd con, hp hang tU gan den xa; quan he gida chd nha vdi thudc khdeh, thudc ha.v.v Nhdng gia tdc dd deu thudc tang Idp tren cda xd hdi va ed dnh hudng Idn, ddi Id quylt djnh, d i n sU thjnh hay suy vong cua mdt nude Sach Dai hpc vilt rang: "Cd nha lam dilu nhan thi cd nUde se ddy len khdng khf nhdn di Cd nhd deu le nhUdng thi ed nude se day Idn khdng khf le nhUdng"[1] Manh Td cung ndi: "Trj nudc ching khd, chi can ddng de cde gia tdc Idn odn trdch minh Niu nhCfng gia tdc Idn ydu quy, men md minh, thi cd nddc d i u ydu quy men md minh Ca nUdc ydu quy, m l n md minh, thi cd thidn edng se yeu quy, m l n md minh"[2] Nhdng ludn diem ndy chdng minh rd vai trd quyet diinh eda nha, gdp phan khing djnh rang nUde la gdc cda thidn ha, nha la gdc cda nudc Mac du ndi dan la quy, dan cd the ehd thuyin va cd t h i Idt thuyin; nhUng ddng tren lap trUdng eda giai cap thdng trj bdo ve cho Id giao va trat tu eda xa hdi phong kiln ndn cd t h i Nho gido chua nhan thdc ddng vai trd va sdc manh edi tao xa hpi cua nhdng ngUdi thudc tang Idp bj ap bdc, bdc lot Dd la mdt han c h l ed tfnh Ijch sdeda Nho glao V l khdi nidm nude, xet v l mat ngd nghTa, tu" "nude"trong tiing Vidt dich sang tiing Han cd the tuong dUPng vdi hai td sau: - Mdf/d, td "qudc" da rat thdng dung d Viet Nam nhu qudc gia, to qudc - Hai Id, tii "bang" ma ve mat ngd nghTa Id "nude" khdng thdng dung d Viet Nam, trd mdt sd ngdva diln tfch nhU: bang giao, Idn bang Trong cudn "Nho giao xUa va nay", tac gia Quang Dam da coi td "nddc" tUdng dUdng vdi td "gia" Trong ljch sd Trung Hoa cd dai dd tdng ton tai nhufng nude nhd cdc quan dai phu cai trj vd duac gpi la "gia" Neu theo nghTa nay, khai niem "nude" vdi khai niem "gia" dupe dung gan nhu ddng nhat Ngodi ra, ngudi ta cdn hay dung td ghep"qudc gia"dl chi nUde Xet ve mat nhan thdc, Nho giao coi nha chl la hinh dnh thu nhd cua nudc; nudc xudt phat td nha va cd nha la ed nUdc Phuong phap tuduy kilu bic cau dd dupc Nho gido sddung phd biln Nhin vao tam dieu kinh diln sach Dai hpc, thi "nudc" la bdc thU bdy qua trinh Idm sang dde cda nhdng ngUdi ed dao eao ddc trpng xa hpi Qud trinh di tu" each vat, trf tri d i n te gia, trj qudc la qua trinh di tU nhdn thdc d i n hanh ddng, td ly luan d i n thdc tien, tdthuc tien hep den thiic tien rpng Vi vay, neu xet vephttdng phap tUduy, " Trudng Khoa To chde vd Qudn jy Nhdn lUc, Trudng Dgi hoc Npi vu Hd Npi Tap chi Nghien cufu Khoa hpc Npi vu (li) NGHIEN cuu-TRAO 001 ve diem xuat phdt la dgo dCtc hgc, thi y kiln cho rang:"Wu'dc Id bdc thang eao han, tdbde thang nhd I ^ | / e n vd Id phgm vi rpng han tdphgm vi nhd md ra"[3] Id hpp ly, phdn anh ddng tinh than nhCfng tu tudng eua Nho giao Quan d i l m cua Nho giao cho rang nha, nUdc va I ^ | e n chi khac ve pham vi va quy md td chUe; cdn ve ban chat va each qudn ly, cai trj thi CO bdn la gidng Phan Bdi Chdu cudn "Khdng hpc dang" da khdi quat rat chfnh xac tU tudng dd cda Nho giao rang: "Nhd td"c la cai nUdc nhd, nude tufe ta eai nha ldn"[4];" te, tri" chi ed mdt Id, "gia, qudc" chung mdt gdc"[5] NghTa la, Nho giao coi nUdc chi Id hinh anh md rpng cda nha, gida nha va nUde cd sU lien he rang budc lan nhau, quy djnh lan vd bo sung cho Do dd, vide chi nhdng diem ddc tning eO ban d l phdn biet "nha" vdi "nude" la h i t sdc cdn thiet de thdy dUpc vai trd cda mdi yeu td dd qua trinh thuc hidn ly tudng "thien binh" cda Nho gido Cdc sach kinh diln Nho giao ndi nhieu d i n "nha"va nhdng mdi quan he gida cae vien nha, nhUng khdng dUa dupe mdt khai niem" nha" cu the nao Tuy nhidn, niu hiiu ring nha - nude - thien co ban gidng nhau, chi khdc ve pham vi va quy md, thi ranh gidi phdn bidt gida nha va nudc rat map md, khdng ed mdt tidu chf cu the nao Hon nda, Nho giao cung ehUa ehi dupc nhCfng y l u to eau nha va each thdc td chCfc gia dinh mdt each chat che Nhu vdy, quan nidm nhd cua Nho gido cd mot sUe manh khdng c h l rat to Idn ddi vdi ngUdi, cd mudn nghln spi day trdi budc eon ngUdi mot each nghiet nga Nha edn la gdc eda nUde va thien Id cai nen mdng vdng chac ma eon ngudi can phdi dua vdo dd neu muon lam ndn nghidp Idn Manh Td dd khing djnh rang: 'Gdc cua thidn la qudc gia, gdc cua qude gia la gia tdc va nha cda, gdc cda gia toe va nha cda la chfnh ban than minh vdy"E6] Vdy thi xet den cdng, eon ngudi van la quan trpng nhat vd ddng vai trd quylt cRnh Vdi luan diem "nUdc gdc d nhd", Nho giao mudn xdy dung nhdng mdi quan he gida ngudi vdi ngUdi nudc phdng theo nhCmg mdi quan he gia dinh vdi day dd trdch nhiem vd nghTa vu tUdng tu Trong nam mdi quan he quan trpng nhat cua ngUdi (ngd ludn) thi gia dinh chilm ba luan - tdc ba mdi quan hd co ban la cha con, ehdng vp, anh em Niu ba moi quan he dupe M4) Tap chi Nghien cihi Khoa hpc Ndi vu 566,4.2015 ISSN2354-1113 cdng cd, tri bang nhu^g chuan miic dao ddc se gdp phan lam cho nha va nUdc on dAnh, cd trat tu, ky cUPng va phep tic Bdi vi, gdc cd vdng thi cay mdi ben; ndn Nho giao rat quan tdm cham sdc eho cdi gdc gia dmh Van nhufng khai niem dao ddc CO ban dupc ddng pham vi gia dinh lai dupc dem van dung cho nhOng quan he xa hdi d nUdc; nhUng ndi dung cua chung da dupe md rpng, dupe bo sung nhUng y nghTa mdi vdi nhifng sac thai mdi Tuy nhien, thUc chat cda nhCftig khai nidm ay khdng thay ddi, van the hien moi quan he mat thiet gida "sii" va "xd", gida be trdn vdi ke dudi Diem khde Idn nhat la d pham vi vd muc dfch cda nhdng mdi quan he ay.Trong pham vi nha, trd nhd da la eon hiiu, em de thi Idn Idn cdng trd ngudi cha td, ngudi anh lanh, ngudi gia trUdng biet t l gia tdt.Trong pham vi nUde, nhC^g ngudi dUpe gido due nhuvdy cung de trd nhCfng ngudi lam ndn nghiep Idn hoac cd nhdng edng hien Idn cdng cude tri nUdc Cd y kien cho rang: "Nha la ehd ddng vdng chde can phdi gid vCfng mpi quan hd gida eon ngUdi minh vdi dat nUdc vd thidn ha, dd la mdt diem rat co ban eda he tU tudng Nho gido"[7].TTieo tdi, y kiln da xac djnh dupe ro rang chan ly cua dao Nho coi nhd la gdc cda nude va thien Hon nda, luan diem "nUde gdc d nha" eua Nho giao the hien tfnh giai cap rd rang No khdng quan tam tdi mpi nha, mpi gia dinh nudc, md chu y l u la ndi d i n nha cua nhuttig ngUdi thudc giai cap thdng trj Dd la nhdtig gia dinh, gia tdc Idn, ed the lUc, cd t h i quylt dinh van mang eda dat nudc nhU: Tdn that la gia tdc cua vua; cac cuthat, dai gia, t h i gia, dai tdc la gia that cda eac tang Idp quan lal va nhCfirig ngUdi gidu cd, quyen quy NhOng gia tdc ay cd quyen ap bdc, bdc lot ddi vdi nhdng gia dmh, gia tdc thudc cae giai tang bj tri Chl cd nhdng gia dmh, gia toe cd t h i lUc mdi thue sii la "gdc cua nudc"; ngUdi eua Nho giao ludn gang h i t sdc minh d l cung vdi gia dmh vd gia tdc xdy dUng cd nhdng "cU thdt" hay t h i lUc gia tdc manh me Tuy theo kha nang va thiic luc, cac the lUc ay se phat huy anh hUdng nhuftig pham vi rdng hep khac Xu hudng chung Ide ddla nhdng gia dinh, gia tdc cd the luc deu cd t u tudng banh trUdng, mudn phat trien va de cao gia dmh, gia tdc minh xd hdi Xu hudng ay tat yeu dan den cupc dau tranh giufa nha vdi nha, gida gia toe vdi gia toe khde de S66 4.2015 ISSN2354 -1113 khang dinh vj tri eua minh Di dat duac mue dfch dy, cd t h i phai sd dung mpi thd doan va phuong tidn VI vdy, cude dau tranh ndy cdng tdn khdc va dam mau khdng kdm gl eupe dau tranh giai cap Tuy nd chf dien ndi bd giai cap thong trj, nhung lai cd dnh hudng khdng nhd den toan bd su" phat trien cda xa hdi, cd the quyet djnh chilu hudng phdt triln eua xa hdi Nhu vay, each hiiu nha Id gia dmh - mdt te bao ed bdn ciu thUe t h i xa hdi cd mdt y nghia rat quan trpng ve mat nhdn thdc ludn Nd xdc djnh rd ndi dung, pham vi cua nha vd phan biet nha vol nudc Nhung vdi y nghTa la gia tdc thi su phdn bidt gida nhd vd nudc khdng rd rdng, ddi edn dupe coi Id thdng nhat vdi Ve cd eau to ehde eda xa hpi Trung Hoa cd dai, cd tdi lieu cho b i l t rang: Tdt cd cdc nudc thidn deu thudc quyen cai trj cua Thidn td, cae nddc Idn hoac tddng ddi Idn (td 50 dam d i n 100 dam) cde vua chu hdu gdm cdc tudc Cdng, Hau, Bd,Td, Nam eai tri vd dupe gpi Id "qudc" Ngoai ra, cdn ed eae nUde nhd hdn cae quan dai phu eai tri dupc gpi Id "gia" Vi vdy, n i u hiiu "gia" la "nha", la gia dinh eda mpi ngUdi ndi ehung, bao gdm cd ddn thudng, thi khdng hpp ly "Gia" luc dd mang y nghTa cda mdt gia tdc, mdt nddc Vdi tinh than dd, cd ngudi da djch nghTa cdu ndi cda Khong Td: "Khdu gid vdn hdu quoc, hdu gia gid, bdt hogn qud, nhi hogn bdt qudn; bdt hogn bdn, nhi hogn bdt an"[S\ la: "Khdu ndy nghe: Vua chU hau hay quan dai phu (kd ed nUdc, cd nhd) ching lo ft dan ma chi lo khdng dong deu, ching lo nghdo, ma chl lo khdng 6ugc an ninh" Cdch hieu nhu vdy la hpp ly, t h i hien duac ed nghTa hep lan nghTa rdng eua chd"gia"eda Nho giao Trong cdng cude xdy diing eon ngUdi mdi va xa hdi mdi hien nay, vide nghidn cUu d l ke thda nhufng y l u td tich cue quan nidm cda Nho giao v l gia dinh la cin thilt Ddng thdi, viec vach nhCftig bilu hidn ehu y l u eua nhCnrig tdn tai cda nd la rat quan trpng va ed y nghTa ve mat ly luan vathUctidn Ddng ta cpi gia dmh la te bao cda xa hdi, la eai ndi nudi dudng ed ddi ngudi Id mdi trudng quan trpng gido due n i p sdng va hinh nhan cdch Td dd, cdc chfnh sach cda Ddng va Nhd nudc phdi quan tdm xdy diing gia dinh dm no, hod thuan, t i l n bd, ndng cao y thdc gia dmh eda mpi ngddi.Trong qua trinh chuyin ddi tij"nen NGHIEN CUU-TRAODOI kinh t l k l hoach hda sang n i n kinh t l thi trudng djnh hudng xd hdi chu nghTa hidn nay, sutdt hay xau cda moi gia dmh deu cd dnh hudng nhat djnh d i n sU on djnh cda xa hdi Tat nhien, xd hpi mdi thi gia dmh mdi ma chdng ta xdy dung edng ddi hdi vp chdng phdi chung thuy, cha me phdi nhdn td, cai phai cd dde hieu kfnh, anh em phdi cd Idng ydu thuong, nhudng nhjn lan Ben eanh dd, ehdng ta edng can phd phdn nhUng khiem khuyit cda Nho gido cd anh hddng tidu cUc d i n mue tieu xay dUng gia dmh mdi hidn Thd nhdt, nhim cdng ed, xay diing va phat trien gia dmh theo dung"ld", Nho gido dd dat mot he thdng tdn ti, trat tU, trdn dUdi rd rang Cdc quan he gia dinh lam cd sd cho cae mdi quan he xd hdi, vf du nhU "hiiu" Id cd sd cda "trung"; da la ngUdi eon ed hieu gia dinh thi khdng t h i la ngudi tdi bat trung xa hpi Vdi muc dich phat triln vd de cao gia dmh minh theo quan niem cda Nho gido dd ddn d i n hidn tupng tinh cam gia dmh qud nang, sii tfnh todn cho danh lpi rieng eda gia dmh minh qua Idn Quan niem "nhd trudc, nudc sau" da trd dao ly khdng che tu vd hdnh ddng eda nhilu ngddi xa hdi Nd da ddt ldi fch cda bdn thdn va gia dinh Idn tren hit, bat chap Ipi ich chung cda d i t nudc va vd hinh ehung, nddatao mdt thd chu nghTa gia dmh rat te hai Vi vay, cude dau tranh chdng mpi thd ehd nghTa ca nhan, chdng ta can thiet phdi xda bd tridt de chd nghTa gia dmh dang can trd nhCfng bUdc t i l n cua xa hdi hidn dai Hon nda, vide de cao gia dinh, gia tdc minh da dan d i n su ddi vd tdn tai dai ding eua ehe dp gia dinh trj Chl dd phong kiln thiic chat la che dp thong trj eda nhdng gia dmh, gia t^c nao dd giai cap phong kien quy tdc Viec lap gia, t l gia, hiing gia la d l cd the diia vao sdc manh gia dinh ridng eda minh de thdng trj ca nude va thien Chl dp gia dinh trj dupe t h i hien ddc bidt rd rdng eae trieu dai Trung Hoa bien tdn trilu dai va ten gia tdc minh thdnh tdn nude nhu Dai Hdn, Dai DUdng, Dai Tdng.v.v Trong tieng Viet, nhdng tieng gpi nhU nhd Ld, nhd Trdn, nhd Nguyen da dien dat chfnh xac c h l dp gia dinh trj Che dp gia dinh trj dd "de"ra sii ddc quyin, doe tai va nhieu td nan khdc vide dilu hdnh dat nude Gia Long khdng phong vUOng eho ngUdi ngoai tdc edng la de bao vd cho su thdng tri ddc quyen tuyet ddi eda gia tdc hp Nguydn Tap chi Nghien cufu Khoa hpc Npi v u nS) NGHIEN CUU-TRAO 001 Ngay nay, che dp phong kiln da bi xda bd, nhung c h l dp gia dinh trj van edn tdn tai dudi nhieu hinh thUc bien tUdng, biln dang khac Trong pham vi mdt to chde, mdt ca quan, nhat la d dia phUdng va ndng thdn vdn cdn nhieu kilu biln dang cua che dp gia dmh trj Mdt ngUdi cd chde cd quyen de bat vai ngUdi gia dinh, hp hang vao nhCnng cuong vj dang ke tao thdnh bd cdnh la da cd the lung doan td ehde, quylt djnh cdng vide chung theo hUdng cd Ipi cho gia dinh, gia tdc minh trudc hit Hien tupng dd dd dan d i n siivi pham quydn lam chu cda nhan dan, bdp nghet dan chu, keo bd keo cdnh, tham d, mdc ngodc, eda quyin gay thiet hai tai sdn ehung, can trd va lam cham budc t i l n eua edng cude doi mdi Ddng va Nha nude ta khdng dung thd bat ky hinh thdc gia dmh trj ndo, cuong quylt dau tranh trdn mpi phUPng didn de quet sach nhdng tan d u t d hai cda chu nghTa gia dinh Thd hai, tutudng va tae phong gia trudng van tdn tai nhieu gia dinh vd ed nguy cd lan rdng eae td ehde va cO quan Nhd nUdc d nhieu ndi, thu trudng dupc coi nhu ngUdi gia trudng va eO quan dupc coi nhU Id mdt gia dmh Thd trudng cd t h i ban an hay qud trach tdy theo su yeu rnin hay ghet bd cda minh Ngudi mic bdnh gia trudng thudng t i i coi minh la ngudi lanh dao cao nhat co quan, cay quyen cdy t h i , quylt djnh mpi cdng vide va muon mpi ngUdi phdi tudn theo Hp khdng tdn trpng, bd qua mpi y kiln eda tap the, ddng nghidp, cda ngudi dudi quyen dilu hanh cda minh Hp thudng Ipi dung ehe dp thd trucflfig d l tutung t i i tac, tuquylt djnh nhufng quy djnh trdi vdi nguyen tic Idnh dao, vi pham quy che dan tdi vi pham phdp luat NgUdi mdc benh gia trUdng thudng thilu ban ITnh, sp khuyit diem, thfeh tich Ddi vdi cip trdn thi xu nmh, tao vj t h i d l leo Idn nae thang danh vpng bing mpi gid Ddi vdi cap dudi thi coi thudng, hdng hdch, tac oai, tac quai, thdm chf ed \d\ ndi va hanh dpng xuc pham d i n danh dU va pham gia eua hp Hp dung tdng cho nhufng ngucri cdng phe cdnh, cat nhIc bo nhidm vao nhCfng ehde vu ed nhilu bdng lpc; hp td coi minh nim quyen sinh, quyin sat tay, ehi phdi su nghidp va tien dd cda mdt so ngUcri.Tdc phong gia trudng b i t ngudn tdldi sdng vd Idi lam viec gia dinh ehd nghTa da tdn 566,4.2015 ISSN2354-1113 tai tau ddi nhieu the ky Hau qud cda nd la su tri trd, bdo thd, quan lieu td vd hdnh ddng; khdng ddng vidn dupe mpi ngudi todn tdm toan y cho cdng vide, Idm thui chdt cdc sdng kiln ca nhan Bdnh gia trudng chinh Id mam mdng gay mat dodn k i t ndi bd, lam giam sdt sdc manh tap t h i , lam xdi mdn niem tin cda quan chdng vao sU Idnh dao cda Ddng va Nha nude Nd ddi ldp vdi nhCfng gia trj dao dufe truyen thdng, vdi tac phong ddn chd va thuc chat cung la mdt dang "quan each mang", xa la vdi nhan dan Vi vdy, dau tranh d l xda bd tdc phong gia trudng la mdt yeu eau quan trpng khdng the thilu dupe nhdm xay dung mdt n i p song va lam vide lanh manh, dan chd, binh ding Thdba, vide de eao yeu td gia dinh vd tinh cdm gia dinh cda Nho gido hidn dd ddn din tinh trang " nhd hda" cdc cP quan nha nUde, cdc doan the xa hdi dang trd biln Ngudi ta da md hinh hda tap t h i va quan he tap t h i theo md hinh gia dinh vd quan he gia dinh Dieu dd khdng phu hpp vdi yeu eau va ldi fch cda cude cdch mang xa hdi ehd nghTa Bdi vi, niu pham vi "nhd hda" cang rdng thi lai cang thu hep tam mit cila eon ngudi, khiln hp quanh di quan lai chl thdy tinh cdm gia dinh la than t h i l t vd hpp ly nhat Chu nghTa Mae khdng phd nhan gia dinh va tinh earn gia dmh, nhiing C Mae va Ph Angghen cho ring can phdi xda bd nhijmg hinh thdc gia dmh lac hdu, khdng phu hpp vdi su phdt triln t i l n bd cua lich sd Cde dng da chi co sd eua gia dmh tu sdn Id "diia tren tU bdn, tren Ipi nhuan cd nhdn"[9] Hau qua cda hinh thdc gia dmh tusdn la "gia dinh dudi hinh thdc hoan todn phat triln cda nd chi tdn tai ddi vdi giai cdp tu san md thdi, nhUng nd lai kem theo su" b i t budc phdi thd tieu mpi gia dinh doi vdi ngudi vd sdn "[10] Theo cdc dng, "gia dinh tusan dT nhidn la se tidu tan cdng vdi eai kdm theo nd va cd hai eai dd d i u mat di cung vdi tU bdn"[11] Khi dd, hinh thUc to chiic gia dmh mdi se dupe thilt lap cdng vdi sii ddi cua c h l dp mdi ma dd, chfnh van de lpi fch la mdt nhdng ddng luc quan trpng cda sU phat triln xa hpL Vi vdy, can phdi k i t hpp hai hda gida Ipi feh cd nhan vdi ldi fch tap t h i vd Ipi ich xa hdi C Mac vd Ph Angghen da ndi ring: "Niu nhulpi ich, hiiu mot each ddng din Id nguydn t i c cda toan bd dao ddc jcem tiep trang 21 M6) Tap chi Nghien cufu Khoa hpc Ndi vu 566, 4.2015 ISSN2354 -1113 quyen hdnh phdp cda tU phap cdn y l u , chua thuc sued hieu lUc, hieu qud Hy vpng vdi vide thue hien ddng bd nhdng gidi phdp ndu trdn, chac chin van de kilm sodt quyen lUe nha nude eda t u phap ddi vdi hanh phap sd dupc cdi thidn, dam bdo hoat ddng cda cdc cd quan hanh phap tudn thd ddng phap luat, han c h l cdc hdnh vi xdm pham quyen vd tpi fch cua edng dan, t d dd gdp phan vdo qud trinh xay dung nha nudc phap quyen xa hdi chd nghia dViet Nam hien nay/ NGHIEN CUU-TRAO DOI TAILIEUTHAIVIKHAO [1] Hamiton, Tay and Madison (1954), The federalis papers/ On the constitution copyright [2] Vu ThU: "Vi kiem sodt quyin lUc hdnh phdp he thong quyin lue nhd nude d Viet Nam hiin nay", Jap ehi Nha nUde va phap ludt, so 12 nam 2006, tr.3 tiip theo trang 16 A N H HUdNG CdATUTUdNG NHO GlAO v i GIAOlNH TRONG XA Hdi VI£T NAM HIEN NAY thi dieu quan trpng la phcii sure l^m cho loi fch ri^ng t u cua ngadi phu hop vdi loi ich cCia loai ngadi"[12] Quan niem nhu vay hoan toan l