NGHIEN c u u TRAO DOI Cn/EOiTAONGHETilTiNHquMNllilH (rong boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te ThS Phaong HQu Tifng Dai hoc Mo-Bia chdt Hd Ndi Tom tat: Qua tim hieu cua tac gia ve sii hop tac giQa Nha trQdng va doanh nghiep ve dao tao nghe tai Quang Ninh, cd khdng it lao dpng sau tdt nghiep tai trQdng nghe chQa thieh ang dapc vdi thiictien; cohdi tim kiem dapc viec lam phu hop vdi trinh dp da dapc dao tao eua ngadi lao ddng thap; dac biet Viet Nam hdi nhap sau rdng vao nen kinh te the gidi nha Cpng ddng kinh te Asean (AEC), Hiep djnh ddi tae kinh te xuyen Thai binh duong (TPP) thi viec thu hut lao dpng vao nganh than cang khd khan hOn rat nhieu, nhien thu hut dapc lao ddng rdi thi nhieu doanh nghiep de CO ngudn nhan luc theo mong mudn thi sau tuyen lao ddng ve phai cho di dao tao lai; he qua la lang phi ngudn ngan saeh dao tao eua Nha nadc va mat thdi gian, tien bae cua ngQdi lao dpng Do vay, bai bao de xuat cac giai phap tang cQdng, gan ket Sli hpp tac Nha tradng va doanh nghiep dao tao nghe tai tlnh Quang Ninh bdi canh hpi nhap nham tang kha nang dap dng yeu cau cong viec tai doanh nghiep cua hpc vien sau tdt nghiep Tir khoa: Hpp tae Nha tradng va doanh nghiep, dao tao nghe, tinh Quang Ninh, hpi nhap kinh te qudcte ThUc trang ve hop tac Nha trUdng vdi doanh nghiep dao tao nghe tai tinh Quang Ninh Hang nam, cac co sd dao tao nghe cua tinh Quang Ninh tuyen sinh tren 40.000 ngddi; nam 2014 la 47.000 ngadi, he dao tao chuyen nghiep khoang 13.000 ngddi va dao tao nghe la 34.000 ngadi va tren 90 nghe dapc dao tao Trong sd 34.000 ngadi dapc tuyen sinh hpc nghe nam 2014 dd cd 23% hpe trinh dp trung cap va cao dang nghe (thdi gian dao tao tren 01 nam trd len), hai nganh nghe daoc lao ddng dang ki hpc nhieu nhat la khai thac md cd 2.422 hpc vien (chiem 30,97%) va van hanh thiet bj CO gidi cd 3.267 hpe vien (chiem 41,78%) [1] nham dap Qng nhu cau thiic tien cua cac doanh nghiep nganh than Viet Nam 1.1 Hap tdc giCfa Nhd trUdng vdi doanh nghiep dao tao nghe tai tinh Qudng Ninh bdi cdnh hpi nhap duac the hien qua cdc gidc dp sau: - H'mh thQc hpp tdc Nhd trQdng va doanh nghiep: Sli hpp tac giQa trQdng nghe vdi doanh nghiep (DN) dapc tien hanh theo cac hinh thQc hop tac nhQ: hop tac dao tao song hanh, hpp tae dao tao luan phien, hpp tac dao tao tuan ta Tuy nhien hinh thac hpp tac chu yeu la hpp tac dao tao tuan tii; di^u cung minh chQng mQc dp hpp tac giQa cac ben la chQa cao - MQc dp hpp tdc glQa trudng nghi vdl DN: MQc dp cua mdi quan he hpp tac dapc phan anh qua nhieu chl tieu tieu: ty le % hpc sinh cua dapc hadng lpi dao tao, ty le % hpc sinh dapc DN tiep nhan sd tdt nghiep; sd DN hpp tae vdi tradng nghe, sd tradng nghe hpp tae vdi DN cd the xem la mpt nhQng tieu chide ket qua cua Sli hpp tac glQa hai ben Tren thiic te tai tradng Cao dang nghe Than va Khoang san TKV hpe sinh chu yeu duac hadng lpi DN va Nha trddng eung la vien cua Tap doan cong nghiep Than - Khoang san Viet Nam nen viec tao dieu kien thuan lpi cho thiie hanh thiic tap, dapc cac can bd cua DN hadng dan cac tinh hudng thiic te Vdi tieu So 28+29 thang +2/2016 KHoA HOC D A Y NGHE [41 ] NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI ehi ty le % hpe sinh dapc DN tiep nhan tren tdng sd bdi tac ddng quan ly eua hieu tradng tradng nghe Hien cd mdt sd it cae tradng nghe tai tdt nghiep, d ca mQc dp hop tac dao tao la tlnh Quang Ninh thiic hien mdt each cd he thdng rdi rac, ed gidi han va toan dien, DN deu tiep nhan va day du cac bien phap quan ly ma chl tie'n hanh tren 74% sd hpc sinh tdt nghiep [2] Day la ty le tiep nhan hpc sinh vQa tdt nghiep vao lam viec tai DN dadi dang cac hoat dpng mang tfnh t i i phat, chaa cd chl dao thdng nha't va ddng bd td lien nganh kha eao, nhien dieu chaa phai phan anh chat lapng dao tao cua trddng nghe da phu hpp giao due vdi nganh than Viet Nam, lien Bd Lao ddng thaong binh va xa hdi vdl Bd Cdng thQPng vdi yeu cau tuyen dung eiia doanh nghiep Cdng tdc thUc tap sdn xudt tai doanh nghiep:lrong qua trinh hpc sinh xudng cac doanh nghiep san xua't de thiic tap nghe eung phat sinh nhdng bat cap nha thdi gian tiep can thiictien eua hpc sinh hpc nghe cdn chaa nhieu, tai DN chaa cd bp phan cu the phu trach va tham gia dao tao hpc sinh, hadng dan cac edng viee thiie te Nguyen nhan tren ehu yeu tQ phfa doanh nghiep, eu the: Khi di thiic tap san xuat, phai tiep can vdi thifc te san xua't qua vat va, nguy hie'm cung dan tdi nhieu hpc sinh ngai khd, ngai khd Thiie te ed tinh trang ed hpc sinh thifc tap ve thi ta ban dau don vj da giao viec nang, viec khd cho hpc sinh, hoac ngdpc lai chl giao viec phu trp nhif van chuye'n vat lieu, xue dpn, dun godng dan tdi nhQng ngQdi nhut chi, chan nan khong hQng thu vdi nganh nghe cua minh Mpt sd doanh nghiep gap khd khan ve bd tri dieu kien noi thiic tap, noi d, an va phaong tien di lai cho hpc sinh thiic tap nha ddi vdi cong nhan cua doanh nghiep, lam cho hpc sinh chan nan bd hpc nhat la dang hpc ly thuye't d tradng dapc bd tri noi an, d tap trung, xudng san xua't thay khong dap Qng dapc nen ta tadng dao ddng Ngoai ra, mpt sd dOn vj da co nha cho hpe sinh d thiic tap nhang khu tap the lai d qua xa trung tam nhu Xi nghiep than Hoanh Bd, Cdng ty than Udng Bi (each Trung tam tdi 35 km) nen cung khong thu hut dQpe hpc sinh vao hpc de lam viec lau dai Hoac chda co sii thdng nha't glQa cac trQdng va mpt sd doanh nghiep viee phan cdng trach nhiem dam bao an toan qua trtnh hpe sinh thiic tap nghe d doanh nghiep, viec trang bj cdng cu, dung eu lam viec, quan ao bao hd lao ddng, viee chi tra kinh phi hadng dan, kem cap hpe sinh - Hieu qud cua hoat ddng qudn ly d cdc trudng nghi tinh Qudng Ninh hap tdc vdi DN ddo tao nghi: cung mdt npi dung danh gia ve hoat ddng dao tao nghe nhdng glQa ben cung la trQdng nghe va ben cau la DN cd sif chenh kha xa ve khoang each va yeu cau ve cae edng viec cu the Hieu tradng trQdng nghe ludn danh gia hieu qua cac tac ddng quan ly cua minh nham tang cQdng hop tac vdi DN dao tao cao hon nhieu so vdi DN danh gia ve hp, ke ea khach the trung gian la Can bp quan ly cac cap hp eung danh gia rat thap so vdi hieu trddng, nhien van eao hon DN mdt chut 1.2 Odnh gid chung ve hogt dpng hap tdc giUa Nhd trudng vdi DN ddo tao nghe tai tinh Qudng Ninh bdi cdnh hpi nhap * Vi mat manh: - Ngadi dQng dau cac co sd dao tao nghe hau het deu cd be day kinh nghiem ve td chQc quan ly qua trtnh dao tao nghe va tham nien edng tac Mdt sd ddng chf da manh dan dot pha viec lien thdng lien ket vdi cac ddi tac de huy ddng ngudn kinh phi, trang thiet bj day nghe - Chat lapng dao tao eua cac trddng dang dapc nang len; mdi quan he hpp tac vdi doanh nghiep dang dan dupe chu trpng - Co che chi'nh sach, mdi tradng hpp tac dang dapc eai thien, dang dapc cac cap bd nganh tQ trung Qong den dia phaong khuye'n khich va ling hd *Vematyiu: - Ve CO cau va sd iQpng cac nghe dao tao chua hpp ly, chaa sat vdi nhu eau thiic tien cua doanh nghiep nganh than Viet Nam - Ve dpi ngu giao vien vQa thieu ve sd iQpng - Hoat ddng quan ly ve hpp tdc giQa trudng nghe vaa yeu ve chat lapng so vdi yeu cau thiic tien cua vdi DN: Thiic tien hpp tac giQa tradng nghe vdi cdng tac day nghe va yeu cau edng viec tai DN DN dao tao d tlnh Quang Ninh dapc dien hien [42] KHoA HOC D A Y NGHE So 28+29 thang 1+2/2016 NGHIEN C l i u - TRAO DOI - Chaong trtnh, npi dung, phapng phap dao tao ehuyen bien chda tich ciic, chaa bam sat nhu cau thiie te ciia doanh nghiep; viec ddi mdi cdn cham, chQa thadng xuyen dapc cap nhat Mac du da cd nhieu cd gang song phaong phap dao tao nhin chung van mang tinh truyen thu mdt chieu, chua thiic Slf phat huy tinh chu ddng sang tao cua ngadi hpc Phong trao nghien cau khoa hpc cdn thap, chaa ket hpp tdt glQa hpc tap chfnh khda vdi ngoai khda Ndi dung kiem tra, thi cdn thieu tfnh thdng nhat * Nguyen nhdn khdch quan: - Cd che quan ly, chinh sach chaa ddng bd, chaa du manh de tao ddng life thuc day hpp tac giQa Nha trQdng vdi doanh nghiep dao tao nghe - Phan cdng, phan cap quan ly chi dao cdn chdng cheo giQa cac co quan td chQc, Sd, Ban, Nganh Trinh dp, nang life quan ly cua cae cap co tham quyen phu trach quan ly dao tao nghe chda dap Qng vdi yeu cau thac tien, nhieu can bp chaa dapc bdi dadng nghiep vu ve cdng tae quan ly giao due -Thieu he thdng thong tin dif bao ve nhu cau cua doanh nghiep va thj trddng lao ddng - Ndi dung chaong trtnh chaa dapc chuan hda, thdng nhat theo cae nhdm nghe va nganh dao tao Ngudn ngan sach phuc vu mua sam trang thiet bj, bdi dadng nang life giao vien can bd quan ly chua dap Qng yeu cau dao tao giai doan mdi * Nguyen nhdn chu quan - Trong cong tac quan ly, mdt sd ngadi ddng dau CO sd dao tao cdn chiu anh hadng eua co ehe tap trung quan lieu bao cap, chaa thiie sii nang ddng, linh hoat viec cai tien chat lapng dao tao theo hadng cung sang eau - Nang life trtnh dp cua dpi ngu can bd giao vien cdn nhieu han che, chda dapc chua'n hda va thieu Can bp lam cong tac quan ly, giup viec hieu tradng chaa cd nhieu kinh nghiem dieu hanh cdng tac dao tao nghe Dpi ngu can bp quan ly, giao vien chda ddng bp, chaa taong xang vdi nhiem vu va quy md cua eae tradng - Co sd vat chat, trang thiet bj phue vu day nghe cdn han che, dang giai doan tdng bade hoan thien -Tfnh nang ddng, sang tao eiia cac trddng cdn han che, chaa bat kjp yeu cau phat trien ciia thj tradng va xa hdi de chu ddng viec chpn nghe va quyet djnh quy mo tuyen sinh cung nha td chac qua trinh dao tao - Quy md, co cau cac nghe dao tao eham ddi mdi theo nhu cau cua doanh nghiep va thj trddng, chu yeu la tap trung vao cac nganh nghe truyen thdng, hoae dao tao theo kha nang da cd Giai phap tang cUdng sU hop tac giufa Nha trudng vdi DN dao tao nghe tai tinh Quang Ninh bdi canh hoi nhap ThUnhdt, Gidi quyet van di mdt cdn ddi mang ludi ddo tao nghi Mang ladi cac co sd dao tao nghe chaa dap Qng dQpe nhu cau ciia thiic tien san xuat d DN dja phaong nao phat trien manh nganh nghe gi thi nen dau ta md cac tradng nghe dao tao nganh nghe dd, tranh tinh trang dja phaong can lao ddng nganh nghe thi tradng nghe ddng tren dja ban lai dao tao nganh nghe khac Quang Ninh la dja ban trung tam ciia nganh than Viet Nam, nhu cau nhan life ciia nganh rat ldn dd dao tao nghe chu yeu cung cap cac nganh truyen thdng nha khai thac md, van hanh cd gidi; cac DN nganh than ludn tlnh trang khong tuyen du lao ddng qua dao tao ma da sd tuyen lao ddng phd thong va tra hp mQc iQong cung rat thap Tac gia kien nghj vdi cac cap bd nganh trung aong va chinh quyen dja phaong ed tham quyen lap cac tradng nghe d dja phQOng nao khong nen chay theo sd iQpng ma phai can cQ vao nhu cau nhan life eua tQng nghe ma DN tai dja phaong, cua vung kinh te can tuyen dung Hon nQa can ed eac giai phap dao tao nghe mang tfnh chie'n iQpc, tac la dao tao cac nganh nghe cd nhu cau taong lai nha ky sa thiic hanh cong nghe thong tin, co dien tQ va dien, dien tQ edng nghiep, co khf hda nong nghiep, nghiep vu IQ hanh va du ljch ThU hai, Gidi quyit vdn di xdy dUng chuang trinh ddo tao phd hap vdi thUc tiin Viee ap dung chaong trinh khung la mdt trd ngai rat Idn ddi vdi eac tradng nghe viee xay diing npi dung chupng trtnh day nghe phu hpp So 28+29 thang +2/2016 KHoA HOC D A Y NGHE [43] NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI thiic tien cua DN hien Tdi xin de xuat vdi Bd Lao ddng -Thaong binh va Xa hdi nghien cdu de cd the xda bd chaong trinh khung hoac md rdng ty le"pham mem" cho phep eac tradng nghe daoc chu ddng xay diing chaong trinh dao tao eho phu hpp vdi thifc tien san xuat ciia DN d dja phaong ma tradng hp ddng hoac vdl cae DN ma hp ky hpp ddng hop tac, cae nganh nghe ed the manh hop tac vdl cac don vj, doanh nghiep ThU ba, Gidi quyit vdn de ddo tao gido vien day nghe Trinh dp va nang life cua giao vien day nghe hien chaa phu hpp vdi yeu cau eiia thac tien san xua't d DN, ed giao vien chl day dapc thiic hanh, co giao vien chl day ddpc ly thuyet, ma ly thuyet va tham chf ea thiic hanh d tradng lai ludn khdng an khdp vdi thiic tien san xua't tai DN Tac gia kien nghj tie'n tdi can md tradng dao tao giao vien day nghe nham dao tao ngadi giao vien day nghe dat chuan so vdi thiic tien san xuat: vQa day dQpe ly thuyet vQa day dapc thiic hanh, ed nhieu hieu biet ve nganh nghe thiic tien cd hoat ddng day nghe, ehi phf dao tao duac tfnh ehi phf gfa thanh, dUpc mien giam thue thu nhap doanh nghiep hoac trich mdt phan thu nhap trade thue de tham gia dao tao nghe G SUMIVIARY COOPERATION BETWEEN SCHOOLS NOW TRAINING IN QUANG NINH PROVINCE IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION MBA Phuong Huu Tung - Ha Noi University of Mining and Geology Attract: Through the author's understanding of the cooperation between the university and enterprises in vocational training in Quang Ninh, with no fewer workers after graduating from vocational schools have not even been adapted to the reality; opportunities to find a job matching has been training qualified labor from low; especially when Vietnam fully Integrated into the world economy as the Asean Economic Community (AEC), Economic Partnership Agreements Trans ThUtU, Gidi quyit van di qudn iy hap tdc giOfa Pacific (TPP), the attraction of labor in the coal Nhd trUcfng vd DN ddo tao nghi industry more difficult much, however when labor - d cac cap quan ly dao tao nghe tQ trung aong attracted many businesses then to have the desired den dja phaong can lap trung tam dii bao ve human resources, after the recruitment ofthe right nhu cau nhan lac cua cac nganh nghe, cac thong to be re-trained; consequently wasted training tin ve thj trQdng lao ddng de lam djnh hQdng cho budgets of the State and lost time and money cong tac dao tao, tranh tinh trang nganh thQa van of the workers Therefore, the paper proposes dao tao, nganh thie'u thi khdng duac dao tao Cac solutions to increase, cohesion collaboration and trung tam ed vai trd lam cau ndi glQa cae co sd business school In vocational training in Quang dao tao nghe va doanh nghiep Ninh province in the context of integration in order Phai tie'n hanh cong tae kiem djnh, danh gia to increase capacity to meet the work requirements chat lapng day nghe theo nhu eau DN, dao tao in business students after graduation nghe theo dja chi cu the Keywords: Cooperation and business school, Van de dao tao nghe dap Qng nhu eau cua vocational training, Quang Ninh province, doanh nghiep la dem lai lpi ich tay ba: Nha tradng, international economic integration DN va ngudi hpc Tac gia xin kien nghj, de nang eao chat lapng dao tao nghe theo nhu cau cua DN khong ehl ngUdi hpc ma ca DN can phai dong gop Tdi lieu tham khdo kinh phi de phuc vu dao tao nghe Bao eao sd 134/BC-UBND tlnh Quang Ninh, Hoan thien va ddi mdi bien phap xay diing quy che ndi bp ve sii hpp tac vdi DN dao tao; de xuat kien nghj vdi co quan quan ly cap tren de dUpc tao CO che hpp tac thuan Ipi Tao CO che chfnh sach cho cac DN tham gia dao tao nghe, phat trien eo sd dao tao tai DN Cac DN [44] KHoA HOC D A Y NGHE Bao eao cua Uy Ban Nhan dan tinh Quang Ninh, Bao cao tinh hinh thiic hien chinh sach xa hdi tinh Quang Ninh giai doan 2010 - 2014 Sd lao ddng Thaong binh va xa hdi tinh Quang Ninh, Bao cao cdng tae dao tao nghe tren dja ban TTnh nam 2014 So 28+29 thang +2/2016 ... hdi vdl Bd Cdng thQPng vdi yeu cau tuyen dung eiia doanh nghiep Cdng tdc thUc tap sdn xudt tai doanh nghiep:lrong qua trinh hpc sinh xudng cac doanh nghiep san xua't de thiic tap nghe eung phat... sd doanh nghiep viee phan cdng trach nhiem dam bao an toan qua trtnh hpe sinh thiic tap nghe d doanh nghiep, viec trang bj cdng cu, dung eu lam viec, quan ao bao hd lao ddng, viee chi tra kinh. .. Uy Ban Nhan dan tinh Quang Ninh, Bao cao tinh hinh thiic hien chinh sach xa hdi tinh Quang Ninh giai doan 2010 - 2014 Sd lao ddng Thaong binh va xa hdi tinh Quang Ninh, Bao cao cdng tae dao tao