Che gia dinh mlu hf o^ Tay Nguyen va vai tro cua nguoi phu nCr xa hoi Nguyen Vdn Thang' ' Tdm tit: Bdi viit gdm phdn phdn tich vd ldm ro cdc ddc diim vai trd cua ngudi phu na chi gia dinh mdu h? a Tdy Nguyen Irong ddi sdng budn ldng hon nhdn gia dinh, hogt dong sdn xudt vd qudn ly thica ki ldi sdn Thdng qua nhiing chuyin diin dd vd khdo cdu thuc dia d Tdy Nguyen, ldc gid mong muon cung cdp them thdng tin vd ldm rd han nhiing bdn khodn nhimg diim chua sdng td vi che dp gia dinh dac trung ndy cua cdc toe ngudi a Tdy Nguyin Tir khda: Chl dp mlu he, Gia dinh mau he, Tgc ngudi thifiu s6, Khao sang, E De, Tay Nguygn, Malayo-Polynexia Che gia dinh mau he la mfit nhihig ddc difim nfii bdt cua cac cu ddn thufic ngii he Malayo-Polynexia d Vi^t Nam, bao gfim tfic ngudi la: Ngudi E Dg, Gia Rai, Ra Giai, Chu Ru va ngudi Cham Hien d Tay Nguygn cd tgc ngudi theo che dp gia dinh mdu he la E De, Gia Rai, Ra Giai va Chu Ru (ngudi Chdm cu tni tap trung d mfit sfi tinh viing Trung bfi nhu: Binh Thuan, Ninh Thugn, ) Dfin nay, bilu hieu mdu he cdn thg hien rd net va sdu ddm nhat d ngudi E Dg, nhat din theo thd tu d ngudi Gia Rai, din Ra Giai va Chu Ru Bgn cgnh dd, mdt sd tfic ngudi nhu: Ma Nfing, Koho, chiing ta cung thdy cd nhifiu bilu hien cua chg gia dinh mlu he nhu: gai cudi chdng, sau cudi xin ddi vg chdng sdng bfin ngogi, Idy hp me, TS., Tmimg D^i hQc nguyen vass@gmail.coni Thu dd; Email: Tuy nhifin, hai tgc ngudi khfing dugc xfip vdo nhdm mlu he, bdi nhiing bieu hifin chi la su giao thoa, tiep bien gid trj vdn hoa cua hg vdi cdc tfic ngudi theo chfi dp gia dinh mau he can cu, xen cu, hg la 21 tdc ngudi ndi ngdn ngii MdnKhome d Viet Nam Hifin nay, nhidu nhd khoa hgc xgp hai tdc ngudi vao nhdm "song he" bfin canh chg mau he va chfi dfi phy he nhu dd tfin tai ma chiing ta biet Cdc.ddc difim nfii bat cua chfi dp gia dinh mdu he dugc phdn dnh rfi net cdc ITnh vuc, nhu: hdn nhdn, gia dinh, cu tni, thira ke tai san, sd hiiu ddt dai theo lugt tuc, ma d ngudi phu nii cd vai trd quan trgng bdc nhdt, ddi la vai trd quyet dinh dfii vdi cac vdn dfi ciia cgng dfing, cdng vide gia dinh ciing nhu ngodi xa hpi Td trudc tdi nay, nghidn ciiu vl chl dg gia dinh mdu h? d Tay Nguygn Viet Chg d6 gin dinh mSu h& d Tay Hguy^ Nam la mfit chii dilm hip din, ly thii ddi vdi cac hgc gid, ndi ldn la: Arme de Hautecloque-Howe ("Ngudi E Dfi: Mgt xd hfii mau quyfin"), Nguyen Thi Hanh ("Mdu he, phy nii E Dfi va kmh tfi hfi gia dinh"), Vii Dmh Lgi ("Gia dhih va hfin nhan truyfin thfing d cdc ddn tdc MalayoPolynexia Trudng Son - Tay Nguyen"), Thu Nhung Mlfi Dudn Du ("Ngudi phy nit E De ddi sfing xa hgi tfic ngudi"), Ngfi Diic Thinh ("Nhirng mang mau van hda Tay Nguyen"), Chu Thai Son ("Vl ngdi nhd dai E De nhu Id mdt phan dnh xa hgi"), Song, dudng nhu nhung cfi gang ciia cac hgc gia, cdc nha khoa hgc vdn chua khda lap dugc mong mudn, tim tdi, kham phd cua cac nha nghien cuu di sau Trong khuon khfi bdi viet, chiing tfii mong muon giai ddp va ddng gdp mgt phin cfing siie cua minh cho nganh nghifin ciiu nhan hgc d Tay Nguygn, ciing nhu lam ro them nhung bdn khoan nhirng digm chua sang td vd che gia dinh dgc trung ndy cua cdc tdc ngudi d Tay Nguyfin Dac diem che dfi gia dinh man he d Tay NguySn Viet Nam Che gia dinh mdu he la van dfi danh dugc su quan tdm va nghifin ciiu ldn cua cac nha khoa hgc theo cac trudng phai khac trfin thg gidi Hg xem vdn dg nhu mgt dfii tugng nghien ciiu quan trpng nhan hgc/dan tfic hgc ma d dd cdc nha khoa hgc theo trudng phai tiln hda d chdu Au vd Bac My dugc coi la nhiing ngudi di tifin phong Hg quan tdm tdi hai van de ndi com chd gia dinh la mdu he va mdu quyln, ddng thdi nhdng nhd khoa hgc ciing khdng djnh sy tien hda cua ngudi Id tu thip tdi cao, tu don gidn tdi phuc tgp, tu cai it chi tilt tdi cai chi tifit, cu the hon va tfi chdc xa hfii mau quyfin dugc coi la tfi 43 chuc xd hpi dau tien Vdy, tai la to chiic xa hpi mlu quyen? Hp ly giai vai trd quan trpng cua ngudi phu nii dfii vdi vific giii gin, tri ndi giong bfii canh dac biet khd khan ciia thdi ky diu xa hgi ma van de kinh tfi chua phai la yfiu tfi quyfit dinh hang diu, sy ton tgi cua ngudi, sy ldn manh cua bp tfic mdi la sy lya chpn uu tifin Tifiu bieu sd cac hgc gid la nha khoa hgc ngudi My L H Mooc Gan vdi cfing trinh nfii tieng "Xa hpi cd dai", nghien ciiu ve xa hpi nguyen thuy ciia mfit tfic ngudi d Bdc My; E B Taylor vdi cdng trinh "Vdn hda nguyen thiiy"; hay cfing trinh nfii tifing "Nguon gfic cua gia dinh, chfi dg tu hiiu vd nhd nudc" cF Engels eiing khdng dinh: xa hpi Ioai ngudi gfim nhifiu giai doan khac nhau, thj tgc mdu he la giai dogn ddu tifin cua cong xa thi tdc nguygn thiiy Ly gidi vg mlu he va mau quygn, nhigu nhd khoa hgc cdn cd nhung cdch hifiu khac diing tren cac lap trudng va gdc nhin khde nhau; Thu Nhung Mid Dudn Du nghien ciiu "Ngudi phy nuE De ddi sdng xa hgi tdc ngudi" cho rang: mdu quyen (matriarchy) "Id dm chi tdi sy thfing trj ciia cac vifin nii xa hfii", cdn mau he (matrilineal) la each tinh ddng doi vfi phia me "ddng ddi dupe thira kg bdi ca hai nam va nii, nhimg nd chi truyen cho chdu cua ngudi phy nii md thdi" (Thu Nhung Mid Dudn Du, 2001) Chiing tdi nhgn thay, mau quyln thyc tg la sy thyc hifin quyen lye cua ngudi phu nii gia dinh va ngodi xa hgi manh mfi hon nam gidi va dugc mpi vifin cdng ddng mac nhidn thua nhdn va tudn thu, cdn mlu he la mdt chd gia dinh ma d dd sy uu tidn dugc chii trgng tdi, hudng tdi ddng nii 44 Trong cudn "Ngudi E De: Mdt xa hgi mau quygn" nam 2004, Anne de Hauteclocque-Howe cung mieu thugt rit cdn ban nhung mdi quan he xa hgi cua mgt ngudi phu nii, nhung diln hinh ciia quyln luc va sgi day rdng bufic quygn luc, chi phfii quyln lyc giiia nhiing ngudi phy nii E Dfi va mang ludi quan he xung quanh Dilu dd thfing nhit vdi nhiing gi Georges Condominas viet Ldi md ddu cudn sdeh cua Arme de Hauteclocque-Howe, "mau quyfin" la quy tdc dilu hda chii dgo cua xa hgi Vd, nhigu nghign ciiu ciia G Condominas ciing cho thdy ro quan difim ndy, cd thd ke din tac phdm "Chung tdi an Rimg Da Thin Gdo" Mdt hgc gia ndi tieng ngudi Phap la Jacques Doumes (Dambo) vdi cdc cdng trinh '"Sy sdp ddt cd tinh co cau cua ngudi Jarai pham trii gia dinh va xa hdi", "Rimg, Dan ba, Didn logn", "Mien ddt huygn do", "Thign chiia yeu thuang mudn dan", ciing dd danh khfing it dung lugng cdc nghifin ciiu dfi ban vg vai trd ciia ngudi phy nii - tinh mau he cua ngudi Gia Rai, ngudi E De d Tay Nguyfin Viet Nam, dgc biet la nghign ciiu "Rimg, Ddn bd, Dign loan" ciia ong Xoay quanh van dg mdu he - dai difin Id ngudi dan bd, khfing gian sinh tfin cua ngudi Tay Nguyen la Rimg, va cugc song von khd khan, nhifiu trac an, nd da vugt qud gidi han chiu dyng ciia ngudi thi hg trd vfi vdi rimg, tdm minh khfing gian rimg dh trd lgi ngudi cdn bang cugc sfing Vdi Tay Nguyfin, nfii bat len la van hda rimg, van hda mau he vdi gid trj da kfit tinh vd tfin tgi tdi Nhu vdy, can khang dinh rang, mau he khfing hoan toan dfing nhat vdi mdu quyfin va cac nha khoa hgc da thfing nhit rdng: cac tgc ngudi thudc nhdm ngfin ngflMalayo-Polynexia (E Dfi, Gia Rai, Chu ThOng Hn Khoa hgc xa h0i s6 3.201T Ru, Ra Giai) d Tay Nguyfin hien theo chfi gia dinh mdu he chii khfing phai chfi mau quyln Va dilu hoan toan phu hgp vdi nhiing diu hifiu de nhdn bifit mgt xa hgi theo che gia dinh mau he ma nha nghifin ciiu Madhumita Mad da neu id: ddng doi theo me; cu tni theo me; thua ke tai san vl phia nii (ddng nii) Thfing nhat vdi quan difim nay, nghien ciiu "Mlu he, phu nii E Dfi va kinh tl hd gia dinh" nam 2004, Nguyfin Thj Hanh ciing vifit "bat ky xa hpi nao tudn thu theo tifiu chi tren dfiu dugc gpi la xd hpi mau he" Vai trd cua ngirdi phu nu- ddi song buon lang Trong xa hgi truyfin thdng cdc tfic ngudi thifiu sfi tai cho d Tay Nguyfin ndi ehung, budn, bon, plei thudng dugc xem Id don vi xd hfii co ban Ngoai ra, hg cdn cd don vj cu tni Ion hon va ggi la Ta Ring, day la quan diem cdn nhifiu y kidn chua dugc thfing nhat gidi nghifin ciiu Theo Nguyfin Dfing Chi va Nguyfin Kinh Chi thi lang dugc xem nhu nhiing tiiu vuang qudc riing chu khong dinh liu vdi cdc ldng khac Trfin thyc tfi Ta Ring la mgt lifin kgt khfing chat che va nd cd tinh thdi difim, nhu: mdt vai lang ciing lifin kfit lai dfi chfing mfit dgt tan cfing cudp bdc cua mfit hodc mgt sd lang khac Ciing cd quan difim cho rdng, Ta Ring la hinh thirc doan kfit ciia mgt sd lang ciing mfit dja vuc cu tni cd cimg gfic mdt ngudi sdng lap hay nhihig ldng cd cimg mdt gfic tach (Xem them: Trdn Tu, 1996) Don vi nhd hon lang cdn cd AIU (ngudi E Dfi) song dudng nhu Alu va Ta Ring it dugc cac nha khoa hgc nhae tdi hoac chi so qua cac nghifin cuu da cd, vgy nfin sy hifin hiiu cua nd cung theo ma khfing ro rang Vdi ngudi Gia Rai, d mgt sfi lang gin sat hg ggi qudn cu Che gta dinh m&u he a Tay Kguyen dd la: cadrei; vdi mgt vimg quin cu ldn hon ldng thi hg gpi la: Kual, ed nhiing noi vifit la Kawal, trfin Kual la Trinh - td de chi mgt vimg dit rfing ldn vd thudng mang tinh hudng ngogi nhilu hon Cudi cimg, nudc - dit nudc (Car) la tir dl chi mdt don vj cu tni ldn nhit cua ngudi Gia Rai Tuy cd nhiing don vi cu tni nhu vgy, song vdi cac tgc ngudi thifiu sd tgi chfi d Tay Nguyfin thi ldng la don vi cu tni than thufic, phfi bifin vd gdn nhu dugc xem la "co ban", la "duy nhat" dfii vdi hg Cac bufin, lang cua ngudi E Dfi, Gia Rai, Chu Ru, Ra Giai dugc hinh thdnh tir cdc dai gia dinh mlu he hodc cac gia dinh mau he nhd Mdi lang thudng cd vai chuc noc nha va ludn gan vdi lang la mgt khfing gian sinh tfin cy thfi, d bao gfim: dat canh tdc cua cdc gia dinh; ddt chdn thd gia siic; ddt d; nghTa dja; dat rimg; sfing sudi, Dien tich dat dugc phan djnh ranh gidi bdi nhung cay cd thy, sudi, hdn da to, duac cdc lang khde chap nhdn Va difiu ndy dugc quy dinh luat tuc cua ldng, ludt tyc Id cfing cy difiu hanh mpi hoat dgng td chuc cua ddi sdng ldng Phia Tay lang ludn la nghTa dja cua ldng vdi quan niem dd la hudng ciia cdi chfit, hudng cua ma, hudng khdng may man Diing diu ldng la Chu lang/Chii budn, giiip viec cho chii lang cd Hfii dfing gia lang vd mdt sd chuc danh xa hgi truyfin thfing khac nhu: chi huy nien, bd my vudn, thay cung, thiy bdi, Chu ldng dugc ngudi dan bdu len thfing qua mdt sd nghi le tam linh hoac qua hinh thuc cha truygn ndi tiiy theo moi tdc ngudi Chu lang cd vai trd quan trgng ddi vdi ddi sdng ciia ngudi dan Idng, nhien, vai trd se bi mat di neu ngudi vg ciia dng khdng may qua ddi hoac fing bd vg Trong thuc tfi, d cac tdc ngudi theo 45 chl dfi gia dinh mlu he chiic chii lang, chu bufin thuc chit thufic vfi ngudi vo, ddng hp ciia vg fing ta chd khong phdi ca nhan hay ddng hg cua fing Luat tuc da quy djnh, chiic vj chi truyfin cho nii, ddng nii Ngudi dan dng Iam chu lang thyc te chi diing thay vg ong ta dieu hanh cdng vific, dng gia yeu hodc vgfingqua ddi, chiic chii ldng se truyen Igi cho rfi ho$c chau rd la ngudi chfing ciia gdi cd (theo ngufii E Dfi), chong cua gai ut (theo ngudi Gia Rai) hoac ngudi chdng nao tai gidi, muu tri, hifiu bigt phong tuc, tap qudn nhdt sd nhiing ngudi chdng ciia gdifingta Nhu vay, ehung ta thay khd rfi rdng Id: nguoi chfing gin nhu chi la dgi dien cho ba vg dfi thyc hifin vai trd cua chu lang, neu sgi day ket nfii giiia bd vg va fing chfing mat di thi vai trd cua fing chdng khdng cdn niia, ngudi dan ldng se tien hanh bau hoac chi dinh chii lang mdi Thfing thudng mfii bufin lang cd nhieu ddng hp, chuc chu ldng sfi thudc ve mfit ddng hg nhit djnh, giau cd va cd the lyc, cd cdng vdi bufin lang Ngay cd thi Iuc cua ddng hg da suy yfiu, chuc chu lang ciing khdng chuyfin giao cho ddng hg khac Nhu vdy xa hgi truyin thfing, ngudi phu nii la the lyc thyc sy nam giir quydn qudn 1^, digu hanh bufin ldng Ngudi dan fing, thfing qua hdn nhan mdi ndm giii dugc vi tri cao nhdt la chu lang, thyc chat la thay mat cho ddng hp nha vg, ngudi vg ciia minh ldm cac cong viec trfin Bfin cgnh chii ldng cdn cd mdt thiet chl xa hfii truygn thdng khde cung bj anh hudng ldn tir ngudi phy nu gia dinh theo chfi mau he dugc lya chgn, la chil dat (pd ldn) Chii dat la ngudi coi ddt cua ldng, khdng de nhiing vy logn 46 luan xay ldm fi ul ddt dai, than linh trach phat dan dfin thifin tai dich bfinh hodc mit miia ddi kem, ddc bifit la khong dl ngudi Idng khac tdi chilm dyng, khai thdc Theo chdc ndng da dugc giao phd, hang ndm chu dit phai thyc hifin cac nghi le djnh ky, hoac trudng hgp xdy nhihig bit thudng thi dng ciing phai tifin hanh cac nghi Id nhdm Iam hdi long than linh, cdu mong binh an va sy che chd Ngoai ra, phfi bien gia dinh mdu he, ngudi phy nii cdn giii vai trd thiy bdi, thdy phii thuy, ba my vudn (ba da de) Vai trd cua ngu-di phu nir hon nhan, gia dinh Hdn nhan cua cac tfic ngudi mlu he cd bilu hien dgc trung la den tudi kgt hdn phy nu- la ngudi chu ddng viec tim chdng, cudi xin va sau hfin nhan thi chdng trai vl d nhd vg Cdn vdi cdc tdc ngudi theo chl hg gia dinh song he nhu: Gie-Trifing, Xa Dang, Mo Nong, din tufii lap gia dinh thi gdi cung chu ddng hon viec ket hdn, chu ddng viec tim kifim vd chuan bj lfi cho nha trai nhu: vay, do, khfi, ciii, Con gdi ngudi Gie-Trieng cdn phai chudn bi dii 100 bd cui dfi lam Ie cho nha trai, nhd gai phai lo toan bg chi phi cho lg hdn cua ddi tre, Cd le chinh vi ly nen nhieu ngudi nham tudng rang, ngudi Mo Ndng, Ba Na, Gie Tridng, d Tay Nguyfin ciing theo chfi dg gia dinh mlu hfi ThOng Kn Khoa hgc xa h$i so S.sui i thdnh mgt gia dinh nhd, va hi day, mfit gia dinh nhd mdu he mdi dugc xac lap Trong ddi sfing hdn nhan ciia vg chfing theo chl dp gia dinh mau hd, luat tuc quy djnh ndu ngudi vg chet trudc ngudi chfing md hai vg chfing da cd gai thi ngudi chong dugc d Igi nhd cha me vg vdi cua minh va dugc hudng mgi quyln lgi nhu vg cdn sdng; neu khfing cd gai thi tai sdn phai trao lai cho cha, me hoac chj, em gai cua ngudi vg Ngudi chfing vd trai khdng dugc thua kl tdi san Ngudi chfing luc ndy cd thi trd vl nha me de hodc d ridng nhung khfing dugc mang theo bit ky tai sdn gi Tuy vay, cd quyfin lay mfit ttong sfi chi, em gai ciia vg hoac mgt nguoi thupc ddng hg ngoai nha vg gidi thifiu dl dfii liy vific cu tni lgi nha ciia ngudi vg qua cd dung theo lugt tyc truyfin th6ng CJ chifiu ngugc lai, neu ngudi chdng chit trudc ngudi vg thi gia dinh ben ngogi, gda phy cd quyfin ddi hdi nha chdng mdt ngudi em, anh chdng de ndi day Day chinh la tyc ndi day cua cac tgc ngudi thifiu sfi tai chd d Tay Nguyen theo chl gia dinh mau he Vdi ngudi E Dg, tuc ndi day cdn cho phep dng lay chau, ba liy chau, Myc dich cua tap tyc nhdm giii gin ddng hg nha gai, bao ve tai san nhd gdi, lam cho ddng nii cang phat tridn va ichdng bi mai mpt di Hien nay, chiing ta vin bdt gap nhiing cap vg chfing kit hdn theo tyc ndi ddy khdng nhilu va khfing cdn phd bien niia Trong trudng hgp ngudi chdng kfit hfin vdi mgt nguoi phu nii khac ddng ngoai hoac khfing gia dinh vg chi djnh, toan bp tai san, cai phai giao lgi cho gia dinh ngudi vg da khuat Vdi ngudi Gia Rai, phdi cd che rugru cdn, mfit cho fing mdi, mdt cho re va mdt che cho gai minh Sau cudi, chang trai phdi d re va trd mdt thdnh vifin cua gia dinh ddng nii Sau mdt vdi nam, ngudi gdi dugc chia tdi sdn, ddi Con cai ttong gia dinh mdu he dfiu vg chdng se d rieng hoac khfing d rifing, hg cd the ndi ddi can nha cua cha me mang hg me cho du la true he, bdng he na! tni ngu cila vg chfing hay tdch hay gia dinh cd nhifiu rfi va Che d$ gia dmh mSu he d T;ay I^uyen mang nhifiu hp khac nhau, nhilu tfic ngudi khac EMfiu thfing nhit vdi quan diem vfi vai ttd quan vd quyet djnh ciia ngudi phu nii gia dinh Theo do, vj tri, tam quan trgng va dnh hudng cua ngudi phy nii ttong gia dinh mlu he lufin cao hon nam gidi Neu nhu cdc hogt dgng lien quan dfin cpng dfing, tfi chuc xa hgi, ttong chien ddu phdng thu, nam gidi la lyc lugng chinh thi ttong gia dinh, phy nii giu trgn vai ttd lam chii Thgm chi, ngudi dan dng cd quyfin diing Io lieu nhiing viec ngoai pham vi ngoi nha dai nhu mua voi, ttau, bd, chifing che, thi trudc dua quyet dinh cufii cung ong ta phdi dugc sy dfing y cua ngudi phu nii la chu ngdi nha dai To chiic hogt dgng vd difiu hanh sinh hogt ttong gia dinh mdu he la ngudi phy nii cao tudi nhdt - Chu nha (Khao sang theo tieng E De) Khi ngudi phy nir gia yfiu, qua ddi thi quyen chu nha se giao lgi cho mdt ttong nhiing ngudi gai ciia ba Trong do, thudng la ngudi gai lit dugc uu tifin giao ttpng trach, nhung neu gdi ut cdn nhd thi ngudi chj ca se thay em qudn xuyfin cfing vific cho dfin ngudi em gdi lit trudng thdnh vd cd thfi dam duong dugc cdng vific Vai trd ciia ngutri phu nir hoat dong san xuat va quan ly, thua ke tai san Trong gia dinh mdu he, Khao sang se Id ngudi phdn chia va td chuc cdc hogt dgng san xuat, va vific thyc hien y mufin ciia bd se la nhung ngudi gia dinh, do, nam gidi lam vific nang nhgc, cdn nii gidi dam nhiem cdng viec nhe nhdng hon Nhu viec phat rdy, lam ray, phu nii chi dgn nhirng cdy nhd, Iam cd, gieo hgt, nhung vfi nha ngudi phy nii phai cham Io cho cai, bep mic, ga lan, nam gidi chdt cay to, thu dgn da to, 47 Tdm lgi, vific san xuat ttong gia dinh, tinh toan va sap xfip cdng vific gia dinh deu ngudi phy nii quyfit dinh Khao sang gia dinh mau he cd trach nhifim giii tai san cua tfi tifin de Iai, bfin cgnh dd la bfi sung, bdi dap tai san cac thdnh vifin ttong gia dinh lam Tat ca gia sdn fing bd de Igi nhu: chifing, che, bdt cfi, du dong, ttang sue, dugc mgi thdnh vifin ttong gia dinh sd dyng va bao qudn ehung, khfing dugc cat giii lam ciia rifing, tai sdn rieng cho minh Tdi san Id cua gia dinh, cua mpi ngudi nhung dugc thfing nhat dudi su quan ly cua chii nha Nfiu ngudi chdng mat thi mdt phin tai san se dugc nha gai tra ve cho me, chj hoac em gai cua chdng Cach sip xfip thli tu cac phdng ngdi nhd thfi hien vj tri ciia chii nha va ngudi thua kg Trong mfii ngfii nhd dai cua ngudi E De thudng bao gfim nhifiu gian budng nhd, ttong moi gian budng ay la mdt cap vg chfing cua chj/em gai va nhirng ngudi chua lap gia dinh Gian ddu tifin kfi tir phia ttong chinh la noi cu ngy cua vg chdng Khao sang Gian nhd ndy cdn la noi dgt cac bdu chua nudc, dgt bdp nau an ehung, noi che bien cdc mdn an va chia khdu phan biia an cho cdc thdnh vien ttong gia dinh, tigp sau la gian ciia cfi gai lit - ngudi se thua ke vi tri cua Khao sang Ddy ciing la noi dfi cua cdi, tdi san ehung ciia ca gia dinh; Gian la gian dung diu day cac buong tni ngu cua cac vifin, vd ddy cung id noi ddt cay cfit de Cling giang ttong cdc dip thyc hdnh nghi lfi Tdy Nguygn la vung ddt da vdn hda, ttong dd nfii bat cd van hda mau he ciia cac cu ddn thufic ngii he MalayoPolynexia d Viet Nam Cdc dgc dilm nfii 48 ThOngfinKhoa hge xa hOi sO 3.2017 bat ciia che dp gia dinh mau he dugc phan anh rfi net cac ITnh vyc, nhu: hdn nhdn, gia dinh, cu tni, thira ke tai san, sd hiiu dat dai theo lugt tyc, Ngudi phy nir chd gia dinh mlu he giii vai trd chi phdi toan bd hogt dgng cua gia dinh, la Khao sang ciia ngfii nha dai dugc ket ndi bdi nhiing khdng gian sinh boat rieng ciia cac cdp vg chfing nhd mai mpt bdi tac dfing cua qua trinh giao luu, tidp bien van hda, nhit Id sy tac ddng mgnh me cua van hda tfin gido (Cfing giao Tin lanh, ) Dieu dang Id bdi toan khd cho cac CO quan quan ly nha nudc ttong vific bao tdn va phat huy nhiing gia tri van hda truyfin thfing trudc bdi canh mdi hien • Tren thyc tfi, ngudi dan dng, chdng chi la ngudi dai difin cho vg dl thyc hien nhiem vy ciia gia dinh d bfin ngodi, mpi quyet dinh vdn thudc ngudi vg Ciia cdi dgi gia dinh la cua ehung va thua kl theo ddng nii Vi vay phy nir dupe dl cao, dugc kinh trgng hon, dugc hinh tugng hda cac cdng trinh kiln tnic, Cac thilt che xa hdi truyen thfing nhu chu dit, chu Iang~ dan fing nam giii nhung thuc chat chi la bieu hifin ben ngoai ciia ddng hg nii Bdi, chdc vj iy ludn thufic vl ddng nii chii khfing phai ddng nam Nguyen Thj Hgnh (chu bifin, 2004), Mdu hi, phu nii E Di vd kinh te ho gia dinh, Nxb Ndng nghifip Ha Nfii Vu Dinh Lgi (1994), Gia dinh vd hdn nhdn truyin thdng a cdc ddn toe Malayo-Polynexia (Nam Ddo - Tru&ng San - Tdy Nguyin), Nxb Khoa hgc xa hgi Ha Ngi Tai lieu tham khao Khao sang difiu hanh mgi hogt dfing san xuat, phan bfi cfing viec, phan chia sdn Aime de Hautecloque-Howe (2004), Ngudi E De: Mot xa hoi mdu quyin pham, tfi chdc sinh hogt gia dinh, dieu hda Nxb Van hda dan tgc Ha Ndi cac mdi quan he gia dinh va cgng ddng Ba cd vai trd quyfit djnh ttong viec Thu Nhung Mlfi Dudn Du (2001), giii gin va phan chia tai san cua cha fing Ngudi phv nd E Di ddi sdng xa dfi lgi, phan bfi tai san cua gia dinh ldn cho hpi lpc ngudi Ludn an tien sT Ljch sir, cac gia dinh nhd ngdi nha ddi Trudng Dgi hpc KHXH&NV, Luu tgi minh phu ttach Thu vifin Qufic gia Viet Nam, Ha Ngi Chg gia ^nh mau he cua cac tgc ngudi thifiu sd tgi cho d Tdy Nguyen Viet Nam la ddc trung vdn hda ciia viing, day la digm nhdn, la gia tri truygn thdng cua cac tdc ngudi thudc ngii he Malayo-Polynexia d nudc ta Nhiing gid ttj vdn hda dy dang Chu Thai Son (1980), "Vl ngfii nhd ddi E Dfi nhu la mfit phdn anh xa hdi", Tgp chi Ddn tpe hpc, sd Ngfi Dire Thjnh (2007), Nhiing mdng mdu vdn hda Tdy Nguyin, Nxb Tre, Tp Hfi Chi Minh Trdn Tu (1996), "Mgt lin gap go vdn hda Thugng", Trong: Luu Himg (1996), Vdn hda co truyen Tdy Nguyen, Nxb Van hda dan tdc, Hd Ndi ... ngudi E Dfi, Gia Rai, Chu Ru, Ra Giai dugc hinh thdnh tir cdc dai gia dinh mlu he hodc cac gia dinh mau he nhd Mdi lang thudng cd vai chuc noc nha va ludn gan vdi lang la mgt khfing gian sinh tfin... chfi dg gia dinh mlu hfi ThOng Kn Khoa hgc xa h$i so S.sui i thdnh mgt gia dinh nhd, va hi day, mfit gia dinh nhd mdu he mdi dugc xac lap Trong ddi sfing hdn nhan ciia vg chfing theo chl dp gia dinh... niia Trong trudng hgp ngudi chdng kfit hfin vdi mgt nguoi phu nii khac ddng ngoai hoac khfing gia dinh vg chi djnh, toan bp tai san, cai phai giao lgi cho gia dinh ngudi vg da khuat Vdi ngudi Gia