Nghien culi cac nhan to anh hiTofng tdi su* hai long cua ngifofi lao dong tuyen co sd tai Tap doan Vien thong Quan doi LE HIEU HOC* Torn t a t Nghiin cUu ndy sU dung md hinh JDI hiiu chinh de ddnh gid su hdi long edng viic cda ngudi lao ddng tai tuyin ca sd eda Tap dodn Vien thong Qudn dgi (Viettel) Phuang phdp phdn tich dinh lugng bang thd'ng ke da biin dugc dp dung nham xem xet mdi quan he gida ede biin vd mUe dd cdm nhdn eua ngudi lao ddng ddi vdi tiXng biin Ki't qud nghien ciiu eho thdy, tU5 nhdn tdban ddu, qua phdn tich tU dUliiu thuc nghiim, cd nhdn tdthuc sued dnh hudng din suhdi long edng viic la: Ca hdi ddo tgo vd thdng tien, Dong nghiip, Thu nhgp vd Ldnh dgo Nhdn td Bdn ehdt edng viic khdng cd y nghta thdng ki Tuf k h o a hdi long cdng viic, JDI, Viettel Summary This study used adjusted JDI model to assess the job satisfaction of employees at lower levels of VIETTEL group The study used methods of quantitative analysis with multivariate statistics to assess the relationship between variables and perception levels of workers given each variable The research findings showed that given five initial factors through the analysis of experimental data there are actually factors that affect job satisfaction namely (1) Training opportunities and promotion, (2) Co-worker, (3) Pay and (4) Supervisor, the factor of "Work itself" is not statistically significant Keywords: job satisfaction, JDI, Viettel m GIOI THIEU Tai Viettel, ede nban vien tuyen ed sd (cap huyen, xd) la nhi?ng ngffdi cudi eiing dffa hang hda, dieh vu HiNH: Md HiNH NGHIEM Ctfo „.,Hi,.^,„„ Cahiidiolfo Lanh dgn [^' ^V "^ —1 Hdi long cong vi^c H4 Bing nghifp „ ,,, [ HS Y tdi khach hang D a y Id bp pban rd't quan trpng anh hffdng trffe tiep den vide phdt trien va tri Ipi thd' ciia Viettel Cde nghien effu cho thay, viec tao sff hai ldng cdng vide cd anh hffdng den hidu sud't cdng viec (Saari & Judge, 2004) bay mong mudn lam vide lau dai vdi t6 ehffc (Luddy, 2005) D o dd, vide danh gid mffe dp hai long cong vide d^ dffa ede chinh sdeh nhan sff hpp Iy la dieu cin thiet ddi vdi Viettel Nghien cffff ndy dirpc thffc hien vdi 02 mue dich chinh: Mgt Id, d a n h gid mffc dp hdi Idng cdng viec tdng thd vd hai long vdi tffng thanb pban cdng viec ciia nhdn vien tuydn cd sd tai Viettel; Hai la, ddnh gid cdc nhdn t d e d n g viec thffc sff cd dnh hffdng vd mffc dp anb hu'dng eua nd den sff bai Idng edng viec cua ngffdi lao ddng * TS Vien Kinh te va Quan ly - Tri/dng Dai hpc Bach khoa Ha Moi Ngdy nh4n bdi: 24/07/2017; Ngdy phdn ln?n- 17/08/2017, Ngdy duyet ddng: I Email: hoc.lehieu®!, _ 25/08/2017 i^.vn CO sd LY THUYET VA M HINH NGHliN CLfU Md kinh JDI Md hinb JDI (job descriptive index chi sd md ta cdng vide) dffdc Smith vd cdng sff (1969) phdt triln lai Trffdng Dai hpc Cornell Hoa K^ Nd eung vdi bdng cau hdi Minnesota ciia Weiss va cdng sff (1967) Id mdt cdc cdng cu ehinh de' ddnh gid sff hdi ldng edng vide Md hinh JDI ban dau dffde thie't kd'vdi 72 muc hdi khac ve ye'u td'cdng viec la: (1) Bdn chat cong viec, (2) Cd hdi dao tao vd thang tie'n, (3) Lanh dao, (4) Dong nghidp va (5) Thu nhdp Ngay nay, cdc nhd nghidn cffu sff dung md hinh JDI dieu chinh vdi cac muc hdi dffdc thid't ke d dang tbang Likert giup eho vide danh gid dffdc nhieu mffc dp cdm nhan cua ngffdi Iao ddng hdn va sd' eau hdi ciing dffde didu chinh edn il hdn so vdi JDI nguydn thuy Md hinh vd cde gid thuyit nghiin ciiu Trong ngbien cffu nay, md hinh ngbien cffu dffpc thie't ke dffa tren nen tang md hinh JDI kd'l hdp vdi gia thuye't cho rang sff hai ldng vdi ede thanb phan cdng viec dnh hffdng de'n sff hdi Idng cdng viec tdng the cua ngffdi lao ddng (Hinb) Gia thuyel nghien effu dffde phdt bieu nhff sau: HI: Nhdn td'bdn chd't cdng vide cd anh hffdng tich cffc dd'n sff hai Idng cdng vide H2: Nhan id cd hdi dao tao va thdng lien cd anh hffdng tich effe de'n sff hdi long edng vide H3: Nhan td Idnh dao cd dnh hffdng tich cffc de'n sff hdi ldng cdng vide H4: Nhdn td ddng nghiep cd dnh hffdng tich cffc dd'n sff hai Idng edng viee H5: Nhan Id' thu nhap cd anh hffdng tich effe dd'n sff hai Idng edng viec PhU(fng phap nghien eii'u Xdy dUng cdc biin quan sdt Cde bien quan sdt dffpc dffdc xem xdt tham khao tff cdc nghien cffu khde cua Smith vd edng sff (19d9), Tr£n Kim Dung (2005) va dffdc ddnh gid sd bd thdng qua mpt thdo luan nhdm di xem xel tffng khia canh cae nbdn to cua md hinh Bd cau hdi sd bd dffde thie'l kd' vd phdt cho 20 ngffdi khdc de danh gid viec sff dung tff ngff cho phil hdp, Sau iie'n hinh dieu chinh tff ngff vd cdc khia canh tffng nhan td cua md hinh, bang cau hdi cbinh thffc dffdc xdy dtfng nham sff dung cho didu tra thffc nghidm Ndi dung BANG 1: BIEN QUAN SAl TRONG CAC NHAN TO STT Ma ^^M Ban chat cdng vi^c N 0.7, he sd tffpng quan bie'n tong cua cdc bien quan sat mdt nhan td' deu > 0.3 Didu cho bid't, cdc khai niem nghien cti^ la phu hdp va tm cay Tuy nhien, he sd tffdng quan bien tdng cua bie'n W0R4 = 0.255 < 0.3 ndn tdc gia loai bid'n W0R4 khoi thang nghien cffu Phdn tieh nhdn tdkhdm phd Ket qua phan tich nban td ididm phd sau ichi loai di cdc bidn cd he so'tai nhan td < 0.5 thu dffdc nhff sau: - Phdn lich nhdn tdkhdm phd cdc bii'n idc lap Tlieo Bdng 3, bd sd KMO = 0.807 > 15, gid tii Egenvalue deu > 0.1, kilm ainh Bartlett cd p-value = 0.000 < 0.05, phffdng sai gidi thich = 76.497% > 50%, ;dc hd sd factor loading deu > 0.5, tap lidp cac bie'n quan sdt binh thdnh nhan td chinh Nhff vdy, cdc chi sd' phii hpp iff dung phdn tich nhan td khdm phd deu Jida man Viec sff dung phan tich nhan ;6' kham pbd cho dff lieu nghidn cffu la shu hdp - Phdn tich nhdn tdkhdm phd vdi bie'n yhu thude Theo Bdng 4, hd sd' KMO = 0.777 > 0.5, phffdng sai gidi thich = 72.223% > 50%, gid tri eigenvalue = 2.889 > 1, dem dinh Bartlett cd p-value < 0.05, :dc gid tri factor loading deu > 0.5, bd'n lid'n quan sdt tff JSSl dd'n JSS4 hdi tu ve ndt nhdn td Dilu dd cho thd'y, phdn tich ihdn tdkhdm phd la phii hdp vd thang lien phu thudc "Hdi ldng cdng viec" la hang ddn hffdng £>dnh gid mdc dQ hdi long cua ngiM ao d0ng vdi tdng thdnh phdn cong vi^e 'd mUc dg hdi long tdng the De ddnh gid mffc dd hdi long cdng 'idc vdi tffng thdnh phan cdng vide nd hinh vd sff hdi ldng tdng thi, tdc gid ff dung quy tac ma hda biing gid tri trung linh cdc bie'n quan sdt mdt nban td' Cet qud danh gid ciia ngffdi lao ddng qua Mo sdt thffc nghiem nhff Bang Cd the tha'y, tha'y mffc dp hai Idng dng vide cua ngffdi Iao ddng tai tuye'n cP d ciia Viettel hidn tai Id tffpng dd'i thd'p, idc biet la cdc ye'u td Ban chat cdng viec d Cd hdi ddo tao va thdng tie'n cd diem ffdi ngffdng trung binh (dffdi 3) Ye'u Ddng nghiep dffdc ddnb gia cao nha't 3.4468 dilm) chlhig td mdi trffdng van da doanh nghiep dffdc xem Id yd'u td ffdc dam bao td't nha't Tie'p de'n Id yeu i Lanh dao (3.3659 dilm) Thu nhap ua Viettel khd td't, nhien diem ddnh id cijng ididng cao, md chi d mffc trung hih thap Dieu ndy cd the Id dp Iffc 5ng vide va khd'i Iffpng cdng viec so vdi en Iffdng ky vpng cung chffa thoa dang oi vdi ngffdi lao ddng Phdn tich hoi quy vd kiim dinh gia luyit nghiin cdu D I ddnh gia cdc ydu td cdng vide anb Lfdng dd'n sff hdi ldng tdng the nhff the io, tdc gia sff dung phdn tich hdi quy Di Kiem dmh Bootstrap cung dffpc sff and Forecasi Review BANG 4: KET QQA PHAN TICH NHAN TO KHAM PHA Bi^n quan s a t Factor loading KMO p-value eigenvalue PhUtfng sai giai thtcb ( % ) 919 JSS3 JSS4 902 JSS2 804 JSSl 764 0-777 0-000 889 72,223 BANG 5: KET QUA THONG KE MO TA Stf HAI LONG CONG VlgC N h S n tfT/big^Q phii thu0 a B i e n phu thu6c JSS Mgu6n Ket qua p h a n tich S P S S Ghi chii: PRO Id ca hdi ddo lao vd thSng nen, COW la dong nghiep, nhgp WOR Id bdn chd't cong viec, SUP Id ldnh dao vd JSS Id hdi ldng cdng dung de xem xet tinh phu hpp cua md hinh hdi quy mdu so vdi tdng the Cd mau lay tbeo quy tac cd hoan lai dffdc xac dinh Id 1,000 mdu Ke't qua phdn tich tff dff lidu ngbien cffu Bang 119 PAY Id tim viSc K^t qua phdn tfch md hinh hdi quy mau cho thd^y, bien Ban chd't cdng vide cd y nghia thong ke, nhidn sff dting mau nghien cffu theo quy tac lap lai vdi n = 1.000 cho tb^y bid'n ndy khdng cd -y nghia thd'ng ke d mffc 5% Do do, bid'n ndy bi loai va tdc gia bdc bd gia thuye't HI Deu cd the dffpc giai thich la tinh chd't cdng viec cua nban vien tuyd^n cd sd ciia Viettel mang tinh kidm nhiem, ddi hdi ra't nhidu ky nang khdc tff kinh doanh cho den ky diudt Mat khdc tinh bie'n ddng vi tri cdng viec cua nhdn vidn tuye'n cd sd ciing khd cao, vl vay ngffdi lao ddng cd the cam thay khdng thoai mdi thffdng xuyen phai dd'i mat vdi nhieu tbach tbffc khdc cdng viec cua minh Cac gia thuyet nghien cffu tff H2 de'n H6 (p-value < 0.05) dffdc chap nhan Hd sd R- hidu chinh = 0.645 chffng td nhan to md hinh giai thich dffdc 64.5% sff hai long cdng viec Trong dd, Ddng nghidp cd anh hffdng ldn nhd't (Beta = 0.610), tiep tbeo la Cd bdi dao tao vd thang tid'n (Beta = 0.469), Tbu nhap (Beta = 0.129) va thd'p nhd't la Lanh dao (Beta = 0.()85) KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHj Kit ludn Kd't qua nghien cffu ddpffngdffpc 02 muc tieu cbinb ddt ban diu Id: (i) danh gia mffc dp cam nhan cua ngffdi lao dpng ve cdc yeu td anh hffdng de'n sff hdi long cdng viec va (ii) danh gid y nghia va mffc dd tac ddng cua cac nbdn td cdng vide anh hffdng tdi sff hdi long cdng viec chung cua ngffdi Iao ddng mye'n cd sd tai Viettel Ve muc tidu thff nha't, ngbien ci?u cho thd'y ngffdi lao ddng cd sff cam nhdn khdc dd'i vdi cdc yd'u tdedng viec Mffc dd hai long cdng vide cua ngffdi lao ddng tuyd'n cP sd tai Viettel bien chi d mffc trung binh thd'p, dd diem hai long thap nha't la dd'i vdi Ban chd't cdng viec va Cd hdi dao tao va thang tid'n Ve muc tieu thff hai, nghien cffu cho thd'y ye'u td Ban chat cdng vide cd anh hffdng rd't yeu va khdng cd y nghTa thd'ng kd, cdc nhan td' cdn lai deu cd y nghTa thd'ng kd d mffc 5% Trong dd, nhan id' cd anh hffdng ldn nhd't Id Dong nghiep, tiep dd'n la Cd hdi dao tao va thang tien, Thu nbap va cudi cung la Lanh dao Mdt sdkien nghi ThU nhdt Tap doan can tiep tuc phat huy cdc gia tri van hda doanh nghidp da tao dffng dffpc Cdc quy trinh cdng viec can xay dffng mang tinh thffc te va cd nbieu tffPng tac giffa cdc bd phdn d mydn cd sd d l tao bau khdng than thien vd hop tac giffa cdc ca nhan ngffdi lao ddng vdi Thti hai, chu ddo tao ndi bp vd ddo tao chuydn sdu cho ngffdi lao ddng Mdt thffc te hien la ngffdi lao dpng ddnh qud nbieu thdi gian cho cdng viec, nhffng lai thieu cdc boat ddng dao tao ndi bd Dieu can dffpc xem xet giai quydt mdt each thda ddng ThU ba, tdng Hnh cdng bang thu nhdp Mac du Viettel dffdc ddnh gid cd thu nhap kha td't, nhffng thffc te' mffc tai tuye'n cd sd, mffc thu thu nhip cua ngffdi lao ddng chffa cao so vdi cffdng dd ldm vide Do vdy, vaii de thu nhdp phai dffpc xem xet lai ca khia canh ben va ben ngoai td chffc ThU tu, lanh dao tuyd'n cp sd ndn quan tdm nhieu hdn den cdng viec cua nbdn vien, ludn dam bao ddi xff cdng bang giffa mpi ngffdi vdi nhau, trdnh viec ddi xff thidn Idch vdi bd't ky nhdn vidn ndo Ngodi Tap doan cung can chu y den viec thay ddi cP ca'u bd mdy qud thffdng xuydn se ddn dd'n tinh trang xao trdn cdng viec va nhan sff cua cac bd ph§n, Triet ly "nffdc mud'n nffdc pbai chay" cua Viettel khdng nen hieu mpt each mdy mdc la thay doi md hinh mdt each thffdng xuyen, ma thay vdo dd, thay d6i quy trinh nghidp vu mdt hoan thien vd tdi ffu hdn.G TAILIEU THAMKHAO Hoang Trpng, Chu Nguydn Mdng Ngpc (2008) Phdn tieh dd liiu nghien cUu vdi SPSS - tap, Nxb Hdng Dffc Tran Kim Dung (2005) Do lffdng mffc dd thda mdn ddi vdi cdng viec didu kien cua Viet Nam, Tgp ehi Phdt trien Khoa hge Cdng nghi - Bgi hoc Qud'e gia TP Ho Chi Minh, lap 8, sd 12 Luddy, N (2005) Job satisfaction amongst employees at a public Health Institution in the Western Cape, Master thesis University of the Western Cape Saari, L.M., & Judge, T.A (2004) Employee attimdes and job satisfaction Human resource Management 43(4), 395-407 Smith, P.C, Kendall, L.M., & Hulin, CL (1969) The searurement of satisfaction in work and ritirement, Chicago, Rand McNally Weiss, D.J., Davis, R.V., England, G.W., & Lofquist, L.H (1967) Manual for Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, The University of Minnesota Press ... Chinh sdch thang tig'n ro rang PR03 DUtJc diio lao phat trien nghe nghiep PR04 Don vi lao cd hoi cho ngifcli lao dpng phdt trien ci nhan PR05 Ngu'&i lao d6ng du'dc tham gia dl bat cac chifc vu quan... nghiin cdu Co sff chenh lech kha ldn ve gidi tinh cua ngffdi lao ddng vdi 146 lao dpng la nam (71%) va 59 lao ddng nff (29%) Dd tud'i ngffdi lao dpng nhin chung tai mye'n cd sd la khd tre vdi 174 ngffdi... thien vd hop tac giffa cdc ca nhan ngffdi lao ddng vdi Thti hai, chu ddo tao ndi bp vd ddo tao chuydn sdu cho ngffdi lao ddng Mdt thffc te hien la ngffdi lao dpng ddnh qud nbieu thdi gian cho cdng