Thực hành phệ pháp và thể nghiệm dịch lý của nhà nho việt nam thời nguyễn qua nghiên cứu trường hợp nguyễn văn lý

THlTC HANH PHE PHAP VA THE NGHIEM DICH LY CUA NHA NHO VIET NAM THOfl NGUYEN: QUA NGHIEN CUtJ TRlTOTNG HOP NGUYEN VAN LY BUI BA QUAN'** Tom tdt: Kinh Dich la mft kinh so Ngu kinh ciia Nho gia, thudng van dugc mfinh danh la "qu^ kinh chi thii", da luu truyfin va anh hudng sau rpng din hpc thudt ciia cac nuoc Dong A Nho gia Vift Nam nghien cuu ve Kinh Djch thudng chii den hai phuang dien: nghTa 1>' kinh diln va cong dyng boc phf ciia Dich Thyc hanh phf phap va the nghifm Dich li la hoat dfng co tinh hpc thugt ciia nha nho Vift Nam Hoat dong co tinh hpc thuat la minh chttng cy thl, sinh dpng ciia qua trinh nha nho Vifit Nam hpc tap va tiep nh^n Djch hpc Tiekhda: Djch hpc, Djch li, Phe phap Abstract: For centuries, The Book of Changes, one of Confucian's F(ve Classics, usuaWy mentioned as "the head of Classics", has spread over East Asian countries and deeply affected their academic studies While studying The Book of Changes, Vietnamese Confucians usually focused on its classical senses and divine functions The practice of divination as well as the experiment ofthe way of changes is their academic activites which shows their deep study about and their adoption of The Book of Changes Keywords: The study of The book of Changes,The way of Changes, Divination Dan nhgp ChuTtt(1130-1200) comfit mfinh dfi rat nfii tieng vfi Kinh Dich, la "Dich ban hoc phe chi thu", nghTa la Dich vfin la sach boi phf Trong hai tac phdm Chu Dich bdn nghTa vd Dick kgc kkdi mdng, Chu Ttt giang Iuan khd nhiiu vfi bSc phf, dac bift soan rieng hai thien Phe nghi va Khdo bien chiem dl trinh bdy vfi phuong phap, cdeh thttc va nguyfin tie boi cd thi Ttt cd the thdy, boc phf cd mot vi tri dac bift quan trgng vifc nghien cuu Kink Dick va Dich hgc noi chung 60 Kink Dick Id mft kinh sd NgU kink ciia Nho gia, thudng vdn dugc mfnh danh Id "qudn kinh chi thtt", da co qua trinh luu truyin va anh hudng sdu rpng din hgc thudt ctta cac nude Dfing A Trong mdt vai nghifin cuu gan ddy, chttng toi dd chi rang, tu tudng Dich hgc ciia Chu Ttt cd dnh hufirng sdu ddm den cdc nhd nho Vift Nam Hdu hit cdc trude tac Dich hgc ctta nha nho Viet Nam dfiu dua tren phuong thuc va quan diem giai kinh '•^ThS Trudng DH KHXH& NV - Dgi hpc Qufic Gia HdNfi THV'C HANH P H $ PHAP VA THE NGHIEM DICH LY ctta Chu Tu Dang Thai Bang (cdn dgc Id Phuong, khodng thl ki XVII-XVIII) "giai nghia" va "dien ca" Cku Dick da nhgn dinh "Ban nghia" tdp chtt du no nghta mdu", ddng thdi rat ehu trgng dfin hai phuong dien nghTa If kinh difin vd cfing dung bfic phe cua Dick Tdc gid cua nhdm tdc pham Dick pku titng tkuyit Hi kinh ldi trac, Dick nghTa tdn nghi ciing phong thee cau trttc ctta cac bg Y Xuyen Dick truyen (ctta Trinh Ttt), Cku Dich bdn ngkTa va Dick hgc kkdi mong (ctta Chu Ttt) dl giang lu|n, khai ylu vl Dich dd, Phf phap va Quai biln Trfin thuc tl, cac truoc tdc lugn giai chuyen sdu vfi Dich hpc ctta nha nhe Viet Nam hifn cdn khSng nhifiu, tinh chi cd khodng trfin 20 tdc phdm, da sd cac tdc phdm cd nifin dgi sang tdc vdo khoang cudi thfii Lfi (khodng the ki XVIII), thfi nhung ngi dung thudng trung lap, chang ban nhdm tac pham Dick pku tiing tkuyit, Dick nghTa ton ngki Hi kink ldi trdc Cac tac phdm Dich hgc ddi Nguyen hifn cdn vai tac pham, ndi dung chtt yfiu la difin ca mgt phan kinh van Chu Djch, chdng ban tac pham Dich luc tkdp lie qudi qudc ngie ca tfin nghi ctta Nguyin Ba Lan chi dien ca phdn Dgi lugng cm Cku Dich Djch qudi diin ca cua Pham Dinh Toai chi difin ca vl su phan bd cua 64 que Kink Dick tuong img vdi 12 thang va 24 tifit mfit nam Vdi dgc thtt tu lieu it di vd tan man nhu vay, nen vifc nghifin cuu Dich hgc Viet Nam giai doan cung cdn cd nhung difiu chinh nhdt dinh vfi dudng hudng va phuong phap Li thuyfit cua van hda hpc tifip nh|in va nhan hgc van hda dd cung cap cho chttng tdi nhung ggi y thu vj Nghifin cttu vific tifip nhan Dich hgc ctta nha nho Vift Nam khSng chi bd hep pham vi thong difin, binh giai nghia li kinh difin truyfin thSng, ma chuyfin hudng sang nghifin cttu cac boat dgng thuc hanh va thfi nghifm Dich Ii ctta chtt the nha nhe Viet Nam Nhu ehung ta da bifit, cac phgm tru dm duong, ngu hanh, bdt quai Kinh Dick cd anh hudng kha sau rpng dfin nhieu ITnh vuc cua ddi sfing xa hpi thoi trung dgi, ttt van hda, van hgc, tfin giao, tin nguong, y dugc, kifin tnic, nghf thuat, cho dfin tu tuong hgc thudt Tuy nhien, hai ITnh vuc chiu dnh huoiig true tiep va sau dam nhat cua Dich li, dd Id: bdc phf va y dugc Boc phf Id bdn nguyfin, la cong nang ctta Dick, y dugc hgc cd truyen va he thong If Iudn ctta no la su van dung linh boat tdi da cac nguyfin Ii cua Dich Trong pham vi bai vifit nay, chung tdi tap trung tim hieu viec thuc hdnh phf phap va thfi nghifm Dich Ii ctta nha nhe Viet Nara thdi Nguyen qua trudng hgp Nguyen Van Ly Sd dT bai vilt nhan manh dfin chtt the nhd nho la vi dfi phan bift voi cdc nha thuat so Cac nhd thuat sd chifim bdc cung stt dung cdc phtt hifiu va nguyfin li ctta Kinh Dick, nhung Igi ket hgp vdi cac Ii thuyfit cua Dao giao nhu Nap gidp Ho thfi Phi than, Phue than, Luc than, Luc than va cac than sdt khac Qua khdo sat cac tu lifu hien tfin, chiing tdi thay, tu lifu hoc phf cua Vift Nam thoi Nguyfin rdt it va tan man Phdn idn tu lieu thudng chi Id cac mdu chuyfn ngan dugc ghi chep mdt s6 cuSn gia pha, van tap, tap ky, bttt cua mSt ddng hg hoac tac gia nao do, chdng Ti^P CHl HAN NOM s (141) - 2017 ban Ddng gia lodn ckink tkgc lyc, Le Piiu lgp ki, Thugng kinh ki su, Vu trung but, Ddng Dick Trai ngdn kdnk lyc, Do do, CO thl coi Tkg Xuang Ddng Kki Chi Dink pke tkuyit (con cd ten khde la Chi Dinh phi nghi ldn nghiem) va Cki Am tu trifin ctta Nguyfin Van Ly Id hai chuyfin khdo cd tinh he thfing va tifiu bifiu cho boat dgng thuc hdnh phfi phap vd thfi nghifm Djch ly ctta nha nho Viet Nara thdi Nguyen Ttt ddi tugng vd pham vi nghifin cttu tren, chung tfii tap trung trien khai d hai ngi dung: thuc hdnh phf phap va thfi nghifm Dich ly Khdi nifm "Phf phdp" ndi tdi bdi viet ndy Id chi todn bf qud trinh bic phf, ttt each tiiuc chuan hi lap que, che din phuong phap xac dinh que gfic, hao dpng, qufi bifin cimg phuong phdp giai dodn qufi boi tren co sd kinh van Cku Dich The nghiem Dich Iy bao gdm hai khia canh: mpt la, kit qua chifim dodn (du trdc) da ttng nghifm thgc tfi hay chua (hoac khfing) ung nghifim; hai la, qua qua trinh thuc hdnh phf phap, nguoi chifim boc se rut nhftng kmh nghifm du dean nhdt dinh, nhiing kinh nghifui ndy cd dugc trfin CO sd kfi thira qua nghifin cttu ciia tifin nhdn, kit hgp vdi ndng Iuc tu duy, kinh nghifm sSng va kha ndng phdn tich, suy lugn ddi vdi quai danh, quai tugng, quai dttc vd quai hao ttt Thuc hanh phfi phdp cua nha nho Nguyen VSn Ly (1795 - 1868) 1,1 Quan diim ve bScpk^ Boc phfi la each ndi gfp cua hai ttt "Quy b i c " va "Thi phf" "Quy bdc" Id bdi mai rua, hinh d Trung Qufic vae thdi nhd Ha va thinh hanh vao thdi 62 BOIBAQUAN nhd An Ngudi thdi An quan nifm riia la loai v|it sdng Idu va cd tinh thifing, cd thl thdng linh vdi quy than, do nguoi ta dtti lo trfin mai rua rfii dem ho trfin lua de tim cac vlt dan Cac vet dan dd gpi la "bfic trifiu" Ngudi ta sfi cdn ctt theo cac bfic trifu dfi tifin hdnh suy dean "Thi phf" Id boi cd thi, thdng dung vao thoi nha Chu va sau dan thay thfi cho "Quy bfic" "Quy bSc" cdn ctt vae "bfic trifu", "Thi phf" thi can ctt vae "quai tugng", "quai tu" va "hdo ttt" Chu Dieh Do d6, ngudi chiem bdc can phai sap xfip, chuyen ddi cdc cpng cd thi theo diing nguyen li "thdp bat bifin quai" (mudi tdra Idn bifin thi thdnh que) de co the lap thdnh que sau vach, que sdu vgch ndy gpi la "ban quai" Trfin co sd xdc dinh duge "ban quai", "dpng hdo" va "biln quai", nguoi chifim bdc cd the suy doan duge cat cua su vifc Nhu vay, cd thfi thdy, ttt phep "Quy bfic" doi An den phep "Thi phf" doi Chu thuc chat la mpt tifin trinh phat trifin ttt "quy tugng" den "phf sfi", "Quy bflc" chtt trpng den yfiu td "thifin khai" (svr ggi md ctta trdi), "Thi phf" thi chu trgng din yfiu td "nhdn vi" (su tac dpng ctta ngudi) Ve sau ciing vdi su phdt trifin va tich hgp ctta Dich hpc vdi Thuat so hgc (bao gdm Am duong gia, Ngu hanh gia, Liic nham, Thai dt ), cdc nha chifim bSc dd sang chl rat nhieu phuong phdp bSc Dich khdc nhu Hda chau Iam, Mai hoa Da Hgc, VSn Vuong kim tiln qudi, Quy Coc kim tifin quai Thai dt, Lyc nham Bdi vgy, thuat ngtt boc phf sau cdn mang ^ nghTa phifim chi cho vifc chifim boc nfii chung Cac cfi tich Trung Hoa nhu Thu kink, Td truyen, Qudc ngir deu co ghi chep cu thl v l vdn dh Chu Ttt ddi THVC HANH PH$ PHAP VA TUt NGHIEM DICH LY Nam TSng soan sach Chu Dick bdn nghTa vd Dich hgc kkdi mdng dd can cu vae cac nguyen Ii bfic phf dugc ghi chep treng cdc sdeh ndi trfin, ttt dd hf thdng hoa toan bg quy trinh "Thi phf" cac thifin "Chu Ttt phf nghi" vd "Khao bifin chiem" Nhu chiing ta da bifit, kinh dien Nhe gia dugc luu truyfin va anh hudng rdng Idn tdi hgc thuat ciia Vift Nam thdi trung dai Cdc nha nho Vift Nam nhu Nguyfin Binh Khiem, Phttng Khac Khoan, Dang Thai Bdng/ Phuong, Lfi Quy DSn, Pham Quy Thich, Btti Duong Lich, Pham Dmh HS d cac mttc khac nhau, dfiu co ban lugn dfin ITnh vuc Nguyen Van Ly (1795-1868), ten buy Id Dudng, tu la Tuan Phu, hifu la Chi Ara, Chi Dinh, Chi Hien, bifit hifiu la Dfing Khfi, thuy Id DSn Nhd, nguoi Iang DSng Tac, huyfin Thg Xuong, Id Dfing Tac, phudng Trung Tu, quan Ddng Da, thdnh phS Ha Ngi Ong dd Df tam giap Dfing Tifin sT xudt than khea thi nam Nhdm Thin nifin hifu Mmh Mfnh thtt 13 (1832) Trdi thd ba trifiu vua nha Nguyfin: Minh Mfnh, Thieu Tri, Ty Dttc, dam nhifim cac chtte vu nhu Han ldm vifin Bifin tu hdm Chanh thdt phdm; Tri phu phu Thuan An, phong tdng Phung nghi dai phu, hdm Tdng ngu phdm; Lai bd Lang trung, cae thu Trung thudn dgi phu, hdm Chdnh ttt phdm, Giao thy phtt Thudng Tin, Dfic hgc Hung Yfin Ngoai hogt dfng ttfin chinh trudng, ong cdn tham gia nhiiu boat dgng van hda, giao dye tgi kinh Nam 1832, dng cung cac fing Nguyin Vdn Sifiu, Vu Tfing Phan lap Van hfii Thp Xuong, chudn bi thdnh lap Hpi Hudng thifn, ndm 1848 lai md truong Chi Dinh Trudng Chi Dmh Sng md da ddo tao dugc nhifiu hgc trd cd danh vgng thoi bdy gid, tifiu bieu nhu Tifin sT Dfi Trpng Hgp (1834-1902), Ctt nhan Nguyfin Huy Dftc (1824-1898) Bdi vay sau dng qua ddi, eac hgc tro da phat tam quyen gdp xay dung "Ddng Khfi tifin sinh ttt dudng" dfi phung thd dng Binh sinh dng trude tac kha nhifiu, tieu bilu cd Dong Khe tki lap, Chi Hiin thi tkdo Chi Am DdngKhe tki lap, DdngKke vdn tap Tru&ng vdn ddi lien thi lap, Du NgU Hdnk san xu&ng hoa tap, Tkg Xuang Ddng Tdc Nguyin tki the pkd, Tu gia yiu ngie, Ddng Tdc Nguyin tki gia hudn, Tkg Xuang Ddng Tdc Nguyin thi lodn phd va met sd loi tua che cdc sach Bdc Thdnh dia du chi lyc, Phugng Son tie chi luge Tie li luge tap, Lu mp kdu lap Thang Long hodi cd thdp lie thil Nguyen Vdn Ly la nha nhe ntta ddu trieu Nguyfin Ong sinh rapt gia dinh cd truyin thdng Nho hpc va khoa hoan hiin hach Cu Cao td Nguyfin Hi Quang, la bdc su than phtt Chtta, dugc sdc phong "Dai vucmg"; cu Tdng tfl Tao Qudn cdng, cu Td Trung Thg bd; Thdn phy la Ttt tdi Nguyfin Huu Vpng, Than mdu Nguyfin Thi Httu, Id gdi cy Hodng Tin dai phu Nguyfin Cflng Ty Ban than fing sinh vao giai doan gia canh khd khdn, cha me mat sdm, cdng danh trac trd, dd y thttc vfi trach nhifm chan ddng tdc, bdo thdn tri gia ctta bdn than dng cang ndng nfi va quan trpng Ong lufin dau dau mgt niem trimg chan gia thanh, dng lai lap khudn phep, tae dung quy mS cho chau muSn ddi Ong danh kha nhiiu thoi gian dl bien soan gia pha, gia hudn, gia quy, xay dyng ttt dudng, tu bd phdn mf tfl tifin Ngoai 63 TAP CHi HAN NOM SO (141) - 2017 ttt ban ctt nghifp, dng chuyfin tam nghifin cttu vl y hpc, phong thtty li sS va bSc phf, bdi vi dng tin rang phong thuy li sfi la mgt phuong cdeh huu hifu dfi tri su thinh vugng ctta gia tgc, cdn bfic phf la "ctta bau dl gitt minh xtt the" Trong Cki Am tg truyen, Sng thuat lai sd hgc ctta minh nhu sau: "Phtt tdi nhgc nhdn voi ctt nghifp, chua rsmh roi dfi nghien cttu vfi cai hgc li s6 Kip din nam 49 tufii, era trai toi la Ttt tai Phuong Khfi qua ddi, tdi didm nghl phdn rap edi tang cua eha tfli khdng tflt, nfin ben ttra dpe sdeh Dia li Dfin huu tri, tfii gap dugc ngai Tudng sinh tuih Qudng Dfing la Ly Cdm Y Ong vi mufin nghifin cim vfi dja thuat nfin den ddy, lai CO van tai, nfin tfii dugc cimg fing di xem ddt khoang hai, ba nam Ong tttng noi, Dia Ii cflt d huyfit mach co tinh Ong cho phep tfii lai cufin sach md Sng cat tay ae, nfin tfli radi hifiu dugc nhifiu dieu sd hpc Tuyit tdm pkii Lugn mfinh thflng thudng thi la Tu vi, nhung xem khfing nghiem Khi tfii Iam quan d Phtt Yen, dugc ITnh giae ngai Han Hgc Thudn nguoi Trifiu Chdu, nen lai tim dpe sach Tinh Bink Ong cho phep tdi lgi cudn sach ma fing cdt tay ae, tfii hieu dugc nhttng ghi chep cue ki thdn nghifm Ttt dd tfii khfing chuyfin tam ve Dau s6, md chuyen tti theo cai hgc Tinh Binh Cac vi cdng khMih cua nude ta CO nhiiu ngudi din hoi Dai khai mfnh Ii Tinh Binh ldy ndm thang ngdy gid lam hi try, ma coi can la chtt Con vifc lam thudc thi trude vi hdu thuflc me toi, sau vi ban than cd benh, phai mdi cac thay noi tifing, nen tfii dugc gidng ban 64 BUI BA QUAN cttng hp, lugra dugc nhiing difiu tinh ylu nghe, dai khai co sd trudng ve sach Cdnh Nhgc, chuyen ve can ban duong suy, suy ngng thi chtt vfi bS khi." Nhttng ghi chep trfin cho thay, Nguyfin Van Ly cd hpc van khd rflng, kiem thfing ca "dae" va "thuat", trfin bin ITnh vuc Nho, Y, Li, Sfl flng dfiu cd sd ddc rieng Phong thtty, flng tiep cdn hgc thuylt Loan ddu Uong Tuyet ldm phU, dac bifit cfi sd trudng vfi xera xet dia raach, dia cue, phan biet chan huyet, gid huyet ; Mfnh H,flngtttng thiep lifip sach Tie vi ddu so va cd sd trudng luan mfinh theo thuyfit Ttt tru cua Ttt Binh; Y hgc, fing hpc hoi dugc nhieu kinh nghifm tinh yfiu nhd nghe va chuyfin tam nghifin cim thuyfit bfl duong, bfi ctta Cdnh Nhae Khfing nhihig the, Nguyen Vdn Ly cdn tinh thdng bdc phe Ngay ttt thud tte, Sng da luu tdm nghifin cttu va thyc hanh Phe phap ctta Chu Ttt, sau mac dtt co tham bac, thuc hanh va kifim nghiem nhieu phuang thttc chiera bfic khac von dugc luu hdnh phfi bien d nude ta thoi bay gid, nhung trude sau Nguyfin Van Ly chi nhdn manh vd kifin tri thao thtt mft mon bflc phfi theo Phf nghi ctta Chu Ttt Ong cho rdng, bfic phfi "khdng ngoai Ie cat cua thodn hdo ma thfli", Phe nghi ctta Chu Tu "binh dam" nhung "rdt than ki", cdn "cac phep chiem bfic khac cd chut ttng nghifim, nhtmg xem nhifiu phep e rang cd chdp, cac phep khac chi nfin bilt ma khfing dttng Nhu vgy thi mdi gitt dugc mflt mdi ma khdng rfii logn" (Chi Am tg truyen) Ong soan gia hudn, khuyfin bao chau phai nfii chi tien nhdn, gdng sttc hpc hdnh, nhung khdng thl khdng bilt vl y hpc (dfi bao ve THV'C HANH PH$ PHAP VA TH^ NGHIEM D|CH LV sttc khoe, keo dai tudi thg) va bdc phf (dl ddn Idnh tranh dtt, gitt minh xtt the) Trong ldi tua ctta phan Cki Dink phi ngki ton nghiem, dng vifit: "Tifiu sinh ty minh ITnh hpi phfi phdp den nay, phdm cac vific nhu phan rag tfi tifin va khoa danh hogn Id ctta gia dinh, che dfin ddi nhan xu thfi, deu dinh thee bdi phf Nhung quyit dinh dy khdng dilu gi khdng than difiu va ttng nghifim, cdt khdng ngodi Ifi cat ciia Idi thoan, Idi hao ma thdi Cat thi cat, thi hung, gidng nhu am vang vpng Igi, thyc nhu Chu Ttt ndi The mdi biet phep bdi phf, nha nho ta khong the khSng thifp lifip, dau chua nam bdt dugc tinh than, ciing biet dugc difiu dai luge, dang Idm ctta bau dfi giu minh xtt thfi Nhdn ghi Igi nhung vifc thifit yfiu hang bdi dugc, luu Igi dfi chifim nghifm ma thdi Va cung dfi Iam tdm guong thifing cua mgt nha, khSng gi nghi hoac la dugc." 1.2 Npi dung vd each thurc boc phi Trong phdn Ddn nhap, chttng tfli da gidi thifu Thg Xuang Dong Khe Chi Dink phi thuyet (cdn cd ten khac Id Chi Dink phi ngki ldn nghipm, dudi ddy gpi tdt Id Cki Dinh pke tkuyit) va Cki Am tu truyin la hai chuyen khao vl bSc phf cua Nguyen Vdn Ly Dud^ ddy, xin lan lugt trinh bay ngi dung ciia timg tac pham, sau dd tifin thfim mgt bude hf thing hda cac each thttc bflc phfi ma Nguyen Van Ly ap dyng Chi Bink phi thuyil gdm 46 trfin tSng sd 72 trang, chifim 2/3 dung lugng toan tac pham Ddng Tdc Nguyin thi gia hudn ctta Nguyen Vdn Ly- (ban vilt, ki hieu A.673, luu trft tai Vifn Nghifin cttu Han Ndm) Nfi dung gSm 92 trudng hgp bdi phf, phan nhifiu chinh ban thdn Nguyfin Van L^ tu boi Kfit cau gfim ldi de dan, va ba phan: Tiin nhdn phdn mp 29 que, Cki Am kkoa hogn pke nghiim 29 que, Chi Am thg nguyen cki cdt - 34 que Ddi tugng bdi hdi la chinh ban thdn tdc gid (cac van de vl sue khoe, cdng danh, thien chuyfin ) vd phan mp, ttt duong, chau ctta dong hg khodng thoi gian ttt nam 1832 dfin nam 1841 Cu thl vao cdc nara: Minh Mfnh thu 13 (1832), Minh Mfnhthtt 14 (1833), Minh Menh thtt 19 (1838), Minh Mfnh thtt 20 (1839), Minh Mfnh thtt 21 (1840), Thifiu Tri thtt (1841), Thifu Tri thtt (1842), Thifu Tri thtt (1843), Thifu Tri thtt ,4 (1844), tuong ttng vdi quang tufii Nguyfin Van Ly ttt 37 din 49 Thfii gian boi phfi thudng vae sang, tdi vd dfim, sang vdo cdc gid Dan (3hO0-5hO0) Mao (5h00-7h00) Thin (7h00-9h00), tdi vdo cae gid Dau (17h00-19h00) Hgi (21h0023h00), dfim vao cdc gid Ti (23h00OlhOO) Sttu (0Ih00-03h00); thfi If trude bdi phf thudng Id xdng huong, tdm ggi ("huan mSc"), trai gidi Ca bift cd trudng hgp nhd ngudi khac boi hoi hf, bode mugn cdng cu gieo que (co thi), hoac dimg phuong thttc gieo que khdc (kim tiln), tac gia dfiu cd tieu chtt ro rang Vl dy trang 4-5 vifit: "Mugn cd thi ctta ngudi khde kinh phf", hoac "Luc dung kim tifin phf" Thflng thudng, mfli vifc dugc bdi phfi diu ghi chep theo thtt ty: Thdi gian (nifin hifu vua, thdng nam gid); dia dilm; Ii bdi; que boi dugc (que gfic va que biln, mflt sd truong hgp cd ghi chu ldi nghifm ctta qufi); hinh ve que boi dugc, ki hifu hdo ddng; Idi que, loi hdo bdi dugc Cung mgt vific 65 TAP CHI HAN NOM SO (141) - 2017 nhung cd dugc bdi phfi nhifiu ldn, nhifiu thdi gian khac treng mgt hoac vdi ngdy Cki Am tu Iri^in gfim 30 trang tren tfing sfi 202 trang ctta tac pham Nguyen tgc gia pkd (bdn vilt, ki hifu R.217, Thu vifn Quflc gia) Nfii dung tu thudt vfi tifiu su hdnh trgng va binh sinh sd hgc ctta Nguyen Vdn Ly Chi Am lu truyen co tflng cpng ba trudng hgp ghi chfip ve bfic phfi, dd hai trudng hgp trttng lap voi ghi chep muc "Chi Am khoa hoan phe nghifira" ctta Cki Dink pke thuyet, trudng hgp Igi ghi chep vific van dfii gii?a vua Tu Dttc vd Nguyen Van Ly vl bdc phfi Dai y la, vua Tu Dttc nghe noi Nguyfin Van Ly tinh tudng bfic Dich, mufin thtt tdi fing, ben ban chifiu yeu can flng trinh bay phuong phdp, each thttc bdc Djch vd nhung kinh nghifm cua bdn than Vua mudn kifim tra tdi hgc ctta dng, nen Igi dl nghi fing phan dodn hai vifc lifin quan den thdi tilt vd sttc khde Dfii difn vdi cau hoi hdc bua ctta nhd vua, Nguyfin Van Ly khdng thfi khdng than trgng, dng cfi tu chSi vi Ii tuSi gid Idm benh Nhung vi vua lien tifip ba ldn giang chi, nen Sng phai gang gugng tra ldi cau hdi eua nha vua Ong vilt: "Thdn ddi vdi phep bdi phf, ban ddu vdn khfing cd thdy day, chi Id hdng doc sdeh md ITnh hfi tu Phfi nghi cua Chu Tu [ ] Thdn h-gm nghT rdng: Dao ctta bdc phf, cac bgc thdnh nhdn ddi xua dttng dfi md mang mufin vat, thdnh tuu mufln vat, dinh sy nghiep thifin ha, quyit mSi ngd thien ha, din vdn sung chuflng Cdi le "quy thdn 66 BOIBA QUAN nuong dya, quy phf ttng theo" Ngu tku, cai le "cfl viec ldn ngd Ion thi tinh den bfic phf" md Cku tku ndi, chinh Id nhu vay Doi xua, bdi mai rua vd bdi cfi thi cttng thinh hdnh, vl sau Ctt Lu mdt thieng, ma phep bdi mai rtta bi thdt truyfin, chi cdn phep bdi cd thi luu hanh d ddi Chu Ttt doi TSng ndi: Dich la sach bdi, so ma Ii ngy dd Lai ndi: Ta bdn vl Dich, khdc vdi tien bdi Suy ldi ndi thi bifit Chu Ttt hdn rdt tin vao bdi phf Thdn dfii vdi dao dy, ttt ddu vdn khdng cfi sdeh truyfin, cung khfing xem sach ndo khdc, chi la nghiin nglm trfin sach vd, kinh tin thuyfit ctta Chu Tu, nha gap vifc thi xera Cling cd xera giup cho ngudi, trdi hon nara muoi nam, su vifc diu ttng nghifm vdi dy trdc cua Dich phf, gian hoac ciing cd dieu khfing ttng nghifm, nhung tyu trung Igi thi s6 phdn ttng nghifm nhieu hon." (Cki Am tu truyin) Ndi dung doan trich ttfin cho thdy, Nguyfin Van Ly chuyen tti boi Phfi theo dung each thttc ma Chu Ttt hf thfing hoa "Phfi nghi" Ttt dd cd thl hmh dung dugc quy hinh bdi phf gdm ba cdng doan; (1) Chudn hi: chgn lya thdi gian, thuc hien cdc nghi thttc trai gidi nhu xdng huong, tdm gfli vd thinh cdu; (2) Tifin hanh lap que: sdp xfip, phan chia cac cpng cd thi theo nguyen li ciia Dich, myc dich nham xac dinh que gic (ban quai), hao dgng (dpng hap) vd que bifin (bien quai/ chi quai), Iam ctt lieu cho vific giai dean d bude thtt ba; (3) Giai dodn: can ctt vae qudi danh, quai tupng, quai dttc va thoan hao ttt ctta 64 que Kink Dick Tuy nhifin, ban qudi THV"C HANH PH$ PHAP VA THt NGHIEM DjCH LY khfing phai bae gid cung chi cd mdt hdo dgng, ban qudi cd thfi cd hai, ba, bSn, nam hoge ca sau hao cttng dpng, truong hgp dd, vifc xdc dinh hdo tu dl phan doan can tudn thtt bay nguyen tdc sau: (1) Sdu hao dfiu khflng biln thi can ctt vdo quai ttt ctta bdn quai dfi dean; (2) Met hao bien thi Idy hao biln ctta ban quai dfi doan; (3) Hai hdo biln thi Idy hao bien phia tren ctta ban quai dfi doan, tham khdo thfim hao bien phia dudi cua ban quai; (4) Ba hao bifin thi Idy quai ttt ctta bifin quai de dean, tham khao thfim qudi ttt ctta ban quai; (5) Bdn hao bifin thi Idy hai hao khdng bien dfi dean, hao khfing bifin phia dudi lam chinh, thara khdo hao khdng bien phia trfin; (6) Nam hao biln thi lay mgt hao khfing bifin dl dodn; (7) Sau hao deu bifin thi ngoai hai que Can, Khdn ldy hao Dyng cttu Dung lyc dfi doan, 62 que cdn lai lay quai ttt ctta bien quai dfi dean T h l nghifm Dich li cua nha nho Nguyin Van Ly 2.1, Phuang phdp dutrdc Cac cfing dogn vd thae tac bdi phfi nfiu trfin du phtte tap, nhung d trinh CO gidi, ngudi chiem bdc moi chi xdc dinh dugc ban qudi, dgng hdo, biln quai vd quai hao t\i D I dy trdc dugc dien bifin va kit qua cfia sy vifc la cat hay hung, hay bgi, ngudi chiem bfic can phdi su dung thgo va kit hgp nhuan nhuyfin cac phuong phdp dy trac Cac phuong phap dy trdc thudng dugc stt dyng la can ctt nghTa li cua quai danh, quai tugng, qudi dttc, qudi ttt, hdo ttt, thugc tinh am duong ngtt hanh ctta que va cao hon mflt bac la sy am tudng vl Dich li, ndng luc tu duy, sy hieu biet vd kinh nghifim sdng ctta ban than ngudi chifim bfic, dac bift mdt sfi trudng hgp, ngudi chiem bdc can phai thdng bifin, CO ttng bifin Quan sdt 95 truong hgp bdi phf ttong Cki Dinh pke thuyet va Cki Am tu Puyin chung tSi thdy cd 03 trudng hgp Nguyfin Van Ly trinh bay phuong phap du trdc ctta dng; cac truong hgp khac chi ve hinh que bdi, ki hifiu hdo ddng vd qudi hao ttt tuong img Dudi day, chttng tfii lan lugt trinh bay 03 trudng hgp ndi tren vd ttt phdn tich phuong phap dy trdc ctta fing (1) "Khoa thi Hgi ndra Nham Thin nien hifu Minh Menh phf dugc que Ich bifin sang que DL (Thdng din kink, ngu&i anh kg la Id Cie nhdn Nguyin Dfnh, ngu&i Kim LU pke tkay) Qufi Ich, hao Ciifu ngu ndi: "Hihi phu huf tam, vat van, nguyfin cat, hftu phu hue nga due (Cd Idng chan thdnh tin thyc ban on cho thien hg, chd cd nghi ngd tiu dugc tfit lanh trgn ven, ngudi thifin dt ed Idng chan thdnh tin thyc vd bae dap on dttc cua ta)" (Kkoa qud ddng ckinh bdng di lyc danh Hai sg "hieu pku " Id vdng ldng tkim mpt phdn Tru&ng Kink ngkTa thu nhdt, quyen cua la dugc hgng uu Id ieng v&i "nguyen cdt" Lgi nUa khoa quyen cua la cung v&i hai vi nguai kg Phgm & Ddng Nggc deu vdng dugc Thank Td Nkdn hodng di chgn lay, ciing Id lai ckiem "kue phu" Khoa dank tiin dink nku tki, Dick tkdn di?u tkay./)" (Cki Dink pke tkuyit) (2) "Thdng thi Difn, phfi dugc que Dgi qua biln sang Tilu qua Que Dai qua, hdo COru ngu ndi: "Khfl duong sinh hea, lao phy ddc ki sT phu, vfl cfiu vd dy" (Cdy 67 T4>P CHi HAN N M so (141) - 2017 duong khfi hea, vg gid ldy dugc chdng tre, khfing ISi, khong khen) Hdo Cim nhi ndi: "KhS duong sinh dl, lao phu ddc ki ntt thfi, vo bdt lgi" (Cay duong khS mge re, chfing gid lay dugc vg tre, khfing gi khfing Igi) Khoa dd trttng Tam giap tifin sT nhdt danh." (Chi Dinh pk? tkuyit) BOIBAQUAN vdng hdu "Nhi dyng phau" thi hp tfin thdy thufic ay hoac cd chft Nhi Do Id thdn theo y nghTa ctta hao ttt rad dean dinh nhu vay Cdn nhu thdy thudc ay tfin hg cu thl la gi, nghifm d Dich hdo suy dean khdng ra, la vi tai hgc ctta thdn cdn cd cho chua dat Nghifim mdt hao phat dgng tlu xem hao tu ctta ban quai va chi quai, am bien duong lgi Id difim cat." (Cki Am tu truyin) (3) "Than sau nghe mfnh, ldng le Idng khdng yfin, lap tttc din trude Stt quan, bay huong an thap huong, sdm ngdy 25 xfip cd thi kinh phf, dugc que Trudng hgp (1): Que Phong Ldi Ich Khdm biln sang que Khdn Kinh cdn ddng mfit hdo Cttu ngu, bifin sang qufi Son dang hinh que bdi cimg hde ttt va suy Lfii Di Theo Phf phap, qufi mgt hde dpng dodn ciia thdn Que Kham, hao Lyc ttt ndi: thi lay hde bifin cua ban quai (Qufi Ich) dk "Tfin tuu quy, nhi dung phdu, ngp udc ty dodn Do dd tdc gia vifit: ich Ciin ngu: du, chung vd cttu" (Mgt chen dung rugu, "Hieu pku hue tam, vat vdn, nguyen cdt, lai thfim dttng dfi sdnh, nf p udc tu ctta sfl huupku kue nga dttc" Trudng hgp boi trdn, rdt cugc khdng lfii); qufi Khdn, hao vfi thi ctt, ndi dung que bdi ung hgp vdi su Cttu tu noi: "Lai ttt tu, khdn vu kim xa, vific can xem, do Nguyen Vdn Ly chi Ian, huu chung" (Din ttt ttt, bi khdn d xe cdn cu vao hao bien cua ban quai dfi suy sdt, ddng tific, rdt cugc tflt lanh) Thdn xin dodn Tuy nhien, cac suy dean giai thich rang; Que Khdm, mpt hdo Luc truong hgp chi cd tfnh chdt Ii gidi vl ttt phdt dfng, can cu phep xem mfit hdo dien bifin ctta sy vifc da xay dpng thi xet hdo ttt cua ban qudi "Tfin tuu Trudng hgp (2): Que Trgeh Phong quy, nhi dung phau, ngp udc tu dfl, chung Dai qua ddng hai hao Cuu nhi, Cim ngu, vd ciiu", ma dodn la sy vific mdi dau gian nan, nhung rSt cuoc thi khdng Ifli biln sang que Lfii Sen Tilu qud Theo Que Kham thuflc hdnh Thuy, d thdn Phf phap, que hai hao dpng thi lay hao thfi ngudi thi ttng vdi tgng Thgn, bien phia tren ctta ban qudi (Que Dai qua, que mpt hdo duong hi ham giftra hai hao Cttu ngu) dfi dodn, thara khdo thfim hao am, cho nfin thufic difiu tri nfin dttng hdo bien phia dudi cua ban quai (Que Dgi Ioai treng dm cd dueng, la lay nghTa qua, hdo Cuu nhi) Do dd tac gia vifit: Dai qua, Cttu ngu: "Khd duong sinh hoa, lao cuong d nhu "Lai ttt ttt" la se ddn binh phyc; "hiiu chung" va "vfl cihi", xet phy ddc ki sTphu, vd ciru vd du" Cttu nhi; gom hai que cung cung mdt y Trong "Khd duong sinh dl, lao phu ddc ki nft Khdm cd Doai, Doai nghTa la vui, Dodi thfi, vd bdt lgp\ Trudng hgp ndy cung bdi thufc hanh Kim, mua thu din sg cd tin vfi thi ctt, nfli dung que bdi tya hfi khSng ttng hgp vdi sy vifc cdn xem, dd vui, cd thfi biet se tim dugc thdy thuoc Kham thudc hanh Thtty, d phuong Nguyen Vdn Ly cdn cu vao ca hai hao Bdc, thay thudc dy d sS thufc bien cua ban quai dl suy doan ma khfing cd giai thich gi thfim THV'C HANH PHE PHAP VA THE NGHlfiM DICH LY Truong hgp (3); Que Tap Kham dpng hao Lyc ttt biln sang que Trach Thtty KhSn Theo Phe phap, qufi met hdo dgng thi Idy hdo bifin ctta bdn qudi (Que Kham) de doan Tuy nhifin, trudng hgp nay, Nguyfin Van Ly Igi stt dung ca hdo bifin ciia ban qudi vd chi quai de Iudn doan Ong vifit: "Khdm, Luc ttt: "Tfin tuu quy, nhi dung phdu, ngp udc ty du, chung vd ciru"; Khdn, Ciru ttt: "Lai tie lu, khdn vu kim xa, Ign, hiiu chung^.Truimg hgp dac bift va phtte tap hon so voi hai trudng hgp trude Hai trudng hgp trude la "ty chiem" (tttc bdi cho chinh minh), truong hgp ndy Id "tha chifim" (bdi cho nguoi khac) Trudng hgp ndy Id bdi theo mfinh vua, bdi ve vifc tim thdy chtta thufic cho vua Yeu cdu ma nha vua ddt la: "Ta nhiiu benh, chua biet tim thay nao, dung thuflc nao de cd the chtta khdi Nguoi hay xera cho ta, chi ro kg ten tkdy tkudc dy, ngu&i & ddu, cdn dung tkudc gii (Cki Am tu Puyin) Dfi tra Idi cdc cau hoi trfin, Nguyfin Van Ly khfing chi can ctt vdo hao bifin cua cd ban quai vd chi quai, ma cdn phdi can cu vao thuflc tinh am duong, ngu hanh, qudi khi, nhan than, phuong vi cua que d l tifin hanh suy doan Trude tifin, Nguyfin Van Ly can ctt hao biln cua ban quai de phan doan tdng quat vfi dien biln va kit qua ctta sy vifc la "mdi ddu gian nan, nhung rdt cugc thi khong ISi"; tifip din, ong can ctt thugc tinh Ngu hanh ctta ban qudi dfi chi cdn nguyen cua benh la ttt tang Than "Que Khdm thugc hanh Thuy, d than thfi nguoi thi ttng vdi tgng Than"; tiep theo, dng cdn ctt hinh tugng cua ban quai dfi suy dean vfi Ioai thudc nfin dung "Que Kham mpt hao duong bi ham gifta hai hao am, cho nfin thuoc dieu tri nfin diing logi dm c6 duong" Biet dugc nguyfin nhan ctta bfnh, biet dugc logi thufic nfin dttng, thi bfnh se lui, cho nen Idi chifim "Lai ttt ttt" hao bien ctta chi quai co nghTa la bfnh "dan binh phue" Cdn dfii vdi cau hdi ndo tim dugc thdy thudc, nae benh khoi thi Nguyfin Vdn Ly can ctt vao quai dttc va thuflc tinh Ngu hanh cua thugng the que Khdn dl suy dean Ong viet: "Doai nghTa Id vui, Doai thugc hanh Kim, mtta thu din se cd tin vui, cd thfi biet dd se tun dugc thdy thudc" Ong Igi cdn ctt hdo biln cua ban qudi Id "Nhi dung phau" dfi suy dean "hg tfin thay thuflc ay hegc co chtt Nhi"; ding thdi can ctt phuong vi ctta ban qudi dl chi xudt xtt ciia thdy thudc dy "Kham thudc hdnh Thuy, d phuong Bac, thdy thudc dy d sd thufic hg vdng hau" Phdn tich ba trudng hgp trfin, chung tfii rttt mgt sS nhdn xet ve phuong phap dy trac ctta Nguyfin Van Ly nhu sau: Sau que Dich lap thanh, ban quai chi cd mgt hao dfng thi xet ndi dung hdo biln cua ban quai co ttng hgp vdi vifc can xem hay khdng, neu thay ttng hgp thi can ctt ngi dung hdo biln ctta ban quai dfi suy dean; nfiu thay khfing ung hgp thi tham khao npi dung hao bifin ctta chi qudi; cdn nlu ndi dung hao bifin ctta cd ban qudi va chi quai dfiu khfing ttng hgp vdi vifc can xem thi can ctt ldi chifim hao biln cua bdn qudi vd chi quai dfi suy doan Chang han "hflii chung" va "vS cfiu" trudng hgp (3) Du ban quai cd hai hdo dfng, ngudi chiem bflc cung can chu y dfin tinh ung hgp ctta npi dung hao bien vdi vifc can xem Hao biln cd the gdm nhifiu ngi dung 69 T^P CHi HAN N6M s l (141) - 2017 dd ngudi chifim bfic cdn phdi phdn tich, lya chpn ngi dung nao ttng hgp nhdt vdi vifc can hdi Chang hgn treng trudng hgp (3), Nguyfin Van Ly chpn cym ttt "Nhi dyng phau" de suy dean "hp tfin thdy thufic ay hoge cd chtt Nhi" "Dyng phdu" tttc la stt dyng dd sdnh, cd thfi suy dien hanh dflng la dung dm sac thufic, chtt "nhi" cd thl suy difin Id chtt the ctta hanh dgng - tttc thdy thudc Hoge ciing trudng hgp (3) ndy, ban quai la Kham, Kham thuflc hanh Thtty, ttng vdi phuong Bac, nhung khdng doan la tim thdy thudc d phuong Bdc, ma dean thdy thuSc Id thufc hg, bfii vi xem que cho vua, vua ttng phuong Nam, cdn be tfli ttng voi phuong Bdc vdy Sy vifc nhieu, nhung dfiu cd difin bifin va kfit qud, xem difin biln ctta su vifc thi cdn ctt vao ban qudi, xem ket qua ctta sy vifc thi can ctt vao biln quai Trudng hgp (3) thfi hien rdt ro ddc dilm ndy Chang hgn xem can nguyfin bfnh, vifc dttng thudc va tim thdy thuflc thi can ctt vdo hao bifin, qudi tugng, qudi vi ctta ban qudi; cdn xem nao lira dugc thay thufic va benh ed khdi hay khfing thi can ctt vao hdo bifin va quai due ctta chi quai 2.2, Kinh nghiim dutrdc Ngay ttt thud trfi, Nguyfin Vdn Ly da luu tdm nghifin curu va thuc hanh Phf phap cua Chu Ttt, vd sau hon ndm muoi nam chuyfin tam day cdng nghifin cuu ttng dung, Sng due rut dugc mgt sS kinh nghifm dy trdc Cac kinh nghifim dugc fing ghi lai h-ong Cki Am ty truyin va Cki Dinh pke thuyit 6ng vilt: "Dai khai difim cat ty da an bdi ttong Dich, chua timg cd quai hao ttt cdt ma vifc hung, quai hao tu ma vifc cat 70 BOIBAQUAN Id met difiu ttng nghifim ma than nhifiu Idn xem Sau que Dich ldp thdnh, chi cdn can ctt Ie cat hfii Ian thodn hdo ttt ctta Van Vuong, Chu Cfing, cfing dyng ctta Dich thfi hifn d qudi hdo ttt, dgi khai dtt dl hoan flianh su gdng gdi thifin ha." (Chi Am lu tniyin) "Bfic phf chi dttng phep Phe nghi, ttng nghifm nhu tifing vang, khflng ngodi le cat cua thoan hao ma thfii." (Chi Dinh pke tkuyit) Quai tugng va quai hao ttt cd quan he bifiu li vdi Thifin "Hf tu thugng truyen" Kink Dick noi: "Thodn gia, ngfin hS tugng gia da; hao gid, ngdn hS bifin gid da" (Thoan [tttc quai ttt] la noi vl hinh tugng; hao la noi vl bifin dfii) Bdi vgy, Nguyfin Van Ly cho rang, mpi le cat diu dn tang quai tugng, che nfin qudi hde ttt chinh la can ctt de phan dean cat Ttt dd, dng khang dinh "chua tttng cd qudi hdo ttt cat ma vifc hung, quai hdo ttt ma vifc cat, la met dilu ttng nghifm ma than nhifiu Idn xem" Vd mpt doan khac, dng lgi vifit: "Than vi tudi gia sttc yfiu, da trinh bay day dtt nhimg kinh nghifm due rut dugc vfi boi phf, binh sinh sd ddc ctta thdn Id d dd Dai khai sau sdp co thi, lap thdnh qufi, tao hda an bai thl, phdm Id ngudi dgc Dich, diu hilu va cd thfi thye hanh, cat thi dean Id cat, thi doan la hung, quai hao tu ma doan la cat thi khfing thfi dugc, qudi hdo ttt cat ma doan Id cung khfing thl dugc Chu Ttt dttng dao Dich dgy ngudi rdt binh dgm, rdt thdn ki vay Chi xet d "Phfi nghi": Mgt hde dflng thi xem hdo ttt ctta bdn qudi, hai hao ddng thi dttng hai hao tu dl xem THV"C HANH P H $ PHAP VA THE NGHIEM DICH L * nhung lay hao d trfin ldm chtt, md khfing dfi cap dfin chi qudi Thdn ttt bdi phf, nfiu thdy hdo ttt ctta bdn quai khdng tuong ttng vdi vifc cdn dodn, thi suy dean theo chi quai, phan nhifiu cttng thay nghifm Thl nhung, chi Id y kiln rifing ctta nhd than, se voi thuylt ctta Chu Ttt hoi cd chttt khac bift, e mgo pham dfin b | c tifin bfii cao minh, chtt nao dam cd difiu che gidu." (Chi Am lu truyin) "Dich" vdn la bifin dfii, mudn sy mufln vat troi ddt ludn lufin bifin ddi khflng ngttng, the nfin, khdng phdi nae ndi dung quai hao ttt va vifc can xem Cling diu ttng hgp Thuc tfi khifin cho ngudi chiem bdc ngoai vifc stt dyng thao va nhuan nhuyen cac nguyfin Ii Phe phap, cdn can khdng ngimg suy ngam va tdng kfit kinh nghifim Boi vdy, dSu bilt sd hpc cua Chu Ttt la binh dam chi thdn, nhung Nguyfin Van Ly vdn khfing ngimg suy ngam, tim hudng gidi quyfit cho cac bift If ngoai Phf phdp, vd mgt treng cac bift Ifdugc fing tfing ket dd la " N I U thdy hao ttt ctta ban quai khdng tuong ttng vdi vifc can dean, thi suy dean theo chi quai", "Nghifm mdt hao phat dgng thi xem hao ttt ciia bdn quai va chi quai, am bifin duong Igi Id dilm cat" C'ac bift If la thdnh qua kinh nghifm quy bau ma Sng giri t|ing cho thl hf hgu sinh chung ta Thay loi kit Thyc hdnh phf phap va thl nghifim Dich Ii la mgt boat dgng cd tinh hpc thuat ctta nha nhe Vift Nam Hoat ddng cd tinh hgc thugt la minh chung cu thl, sinh dfng cua qud trinh nha nhe Vift Nam hgc tap va tilp nhan Dich hgc, dac biet Id tu tuong Dich hgc ctta Chu Ttt Do do, bai vilt gop phan nghifin cttu ddi sfing tinh thdn, tu tudng ctta nha nho Viet Nam thdi trung dgi Tuy nhien, hgn chfi vfi tu lieu, bai viet mdi trifin khai trfin mpt nghien cttu trudng hgp la nhd nho Nguyfin Van Ly, tac gia bai viet chua cd dtt dieu kifin dfi ddi sanh vdi thai dp, quan difim (cttng chifiu hoac trai chifiu), phuong phap va each thuc bfic phf ctta cac nhd nho khdc cimg thdi Nhung qua mdt sd tu lifu Vift Nam bifin soan vdo khodng cufli Lfi ddu Nguyfin nhu Ddng gia lodn chinh thgc lyc, Li triiu tgp ki, Thugng kinh ki su, VU trung bat, Dgng Dick Trai ngon hdnh lyc ngudi viet nhdn thay, vao thdi Nguyfin, mfln bdi Da Hgc (mdn chifim bfic hinh thdnh trfin co sd tfch hgp Dich Ii vd Thuat sfi hpc, khong giai doan theo quai hao tu) da dugc luu truyfin vd ttng dung rflng rdi Tuy nhifin, cd mgt thyc tfi Id, cdc nhd nho khoa bang nhu Ddng Chdt (1622-1683), Dang Thai Bang (cdn dgc la Phucmg Btti Duong Lich (1757-1828), Nguyen Van Ly thudng stt dung phuong phdp bdi phf vd gidi doan thee qudi hao ttt, cdn cac nhd su va nhd thuat sS thi thudng stt dung phuong phap bdi Dd Hac Hon ntta, tu tuong Nho gia, quan diem "bat ngu quai lyc logn than", "kinh quy than nhi vifin chi", "di doan tu hgi" ctta Khong Ttt cd dnh hudng rat ldn, cdc nha nho thuong ban ve "ly" ma khflng ban v l "thfi", trpng "dao" ma khflng trgng "thugt", dSi vdi bSc phfi thi chu truong "nang ly tdc bdt chifim" (cfi the nghT dugc thi khflng 71 BUI BA QUAN T*P CHI HAN NOM SO (141) - 2017 boi)., Boi v§y, tac gia bai viet nghi rang, phai chang viec lira chgn phirong phap du trSc cua nha nho Vi8t Nam bat nguon tir nguyen nhan tu tuong va van hoa?./ B.B.Q Tai lieu tham khao Tai lieu Han Nom Dich pku tung thuyil ih $% « , ) ,AC.189 H * i « A / a > a : { * ® ^ ; i O , A Nguyin Van Ly 15^ ^ S , NguySn toe gia pha -Chi Am tie truyen { K, J^ ^ * » « , t - * J I # > ,R.217 Nguyin Van \Jf, Dong Tac Nguyen thi gia hudn - Chi Dinh phe nghi tin nghiem { f f t R R , ^ t i | « t - ' l ^ a - S # * > , A.673 Bang Thai Phuong 9fi^'^,Chu Dich qudc dmcaiM^M^^}, AB.290 Nguyin Van Sieu Vt X ^ Phumg Dinh tiiy *fee( * ^ ^ # * >, VHv.22/1-5 Tai lieu tieng Tnmg Qu6c 1- * « « < & * # # * - > * i ifc)iS.*t 9 * * • < * ^ ^ * > %-^ ãã {^&*A> -L* •i-ffi*K^i - 0 * ? * * • ( * a * ^ t ^ * ^ ằ> ã **+=.+f^ôm » g # « * i S i > ( i * ^ : Stl^ifcSftit)- 1997Tai lieu tiSng Vi^t Da Hac Lao Nhan soan, VTnh Cao dich (2007), Tang san bdc dich, Nxb Van hoa Thong tin Ha N6i Tang bo boc phe chinh long Vuong H6ng Tu bien tSp (2008), Vinh Cao dich chii, Nxb Thuiin Hoa 72 Bui Hanh Can (1997), Kinh Dich thong, Nxb Van hoa Thong tin Phan Boi Chau (1996), Quoc van Chu dich dien giai, Nxb Van hoa Thong tin, HaNpi Ngo Cao Lang (1995), Lich triiu tap tty, ban dich, Nxb Khoa hpc Xa hoi Ha NOi Ngo ST Lien, Dai Viet st} ki toan thu, Hoang Van Lau dich va chii (2003), Nxb Van hoa Thong tin Ha Noi Trinh Khjc Manh (2005), "Thu tich Han Nom Viet Nam luan giai ve Tii thu va Ngu kinh hien co Vien Nghien ciiu Han Nom", Tap chi Hdn Ndm, so TrSn Van Giap (2003), 77m hiiu kho sach Hdn Nom, Nxb KHXH, Ha Noi Bui Ba Quan (2009), Khdo cm vdn bdn Dich phu tiing thuyet, Luan van Thac sT, chuyen nganh Han Nom, Truang BH KHXH&NV, BH QGHN 10 Bili Ba QuSn (2013), "Thuc htah phe phap cua nha nho Nguyin Van Ly (qua nghi8n cuuvanbanTTjp Xuang Dong KM ChiDinhphe thuyit)", in Ki y^u H6i thao Khoa hoc Bdn muoi ndm ddo tgo vd nghien ciiu Hdn Ndm (1972-20I2),^A D ^ hoc Qu6c gia 11 Bili Ba Quan (2012), "Quan niem ve "Tuong" va su "suy dien" Dich d6 "hrong" ciia Chu Tu Hi Idnh lai trdc", Kinh dien Nho gia tgi Viet Nam (The Confucian Canon in Vietnam), Nxb Dai hoc Qu6c gia Ha Noi 12 Kinh Dich tron bg, Ngo Tdt T djch va chu giai (2004), Nxb Van hoc Ha Noi 13 Chu dich dich chii Hoang Tho Kl, Truang Thien Van soan; Nguyin Tmng Thudn, Vuong M0ng Bmi djch (1999), Nxb Khoa hpc xa hOi, Ha Npi  ... trfin CO sd kfi thira qua nghifin cttu ciia tifin nhdn, kit hgp vdi ndng Iuc tu duy, kinh nghifm sSng va kha ndng phdn tich, suy lugn ddi vdi quai danh, quai tugng, quai dttc vd quai hao ttt Thuc... dinh que gic (ban quai), hao dgng (dpng hap) vd que bifin (bien quai/ chi quai), Iam ctt lieu cho vific giai dean d bude thtt ba; (3) Giai dodn: can ctt vae qudi danh, quai tupng, quai dttc va thoan... ctta ban quai dfi doan; (3) Hai hdo biln thi Idy hao bien phia tren ctta ban quai dfi doan, tham khdo thfim hao bien phia dudi cua ban quai; (4) Ba hao bifin thi Idy quai ttt ctta bifin quai de