QUAN TRj-QUANLY TINH TRANG NHIN NHAN TIEU CUC TRONG CACH SONG HIEN TAI CUA GlCfl TRE • N G U Y I N TAN DANH TOM TAT: Stf nhin nhan tieu ctfc thtfdng xuyen xay d mdt sd kbdng nhd thie'u nien gan day da trd Ihanh mdt \Kn di can phai Iri lieu ea'p bach, trffdc nd phat tridn mdt vS'n dd Snh hffdng dd'n cS'u true xa hdi Qua bai vie't nay, chung ta ciing nhin nh^n van dd tidu cffc cua mdt bd phan gidi tre Vidt Nam, xua't phat la ttf nhffng hanh dgng, ldi ndi, suy nghi khdng lanh manh, tff dd chung ta can xay dffng mdt chuan mffc td't hdn TiJf khda: Tieu cffc, tinh than, nhin nban tieu cffc, gidi tre Dat van de Tieu cffc la mgt van dd ma la can pbai dieu htfdng mdt each hdp ly de chinh no khdng lam dnh htfdng de'n tinh than cung nhtf kha nang dtfa quye't dinh ciia chinh ban than ngffdi Cac ban tre la nhtfng ngtfdi sau se ganh vac stf menh cua da't ntfdc, nhtfng cd le ehiing ta da ap dat nhidu stf mong mdi len ho khie'n cho nhffng ap Itfc ed the lam hg thay doi each suy nghT ve cudc sd'ng Nhin nhan tidu ctfc khdng phai la mdt can benh, nhtfng nd cd the lan tda nhtf mdt dich benh, ta't ca nhtfng gi can lam la gieo mdt y tffdng tieu cffc thi ca tam ly cua hg cung se bi anh hffdng Noi dung 2.1 Mot so'suy nghi vi hdnh vi tieu ctfc cua gidi tre Theo Nguydn Thi Bich Hang (2017), bai viet "Ld'i sd'ng tidu ctfc ciia mdt bg phan gidi tre Viet Nam hien dtfdi lang kinh hgc thuye't hanh vi ngtfdi cua Freud", nhffng ly do, hien thtfc cua viec nhin nhan tieu ctfc gidi tre ttf Id'i sd'ng "ly giai nguyen nhan ngi smh dan dd'n hanh vi ciia mgt sd' Id'i sd'ng lieu ctfc cua gidi tre dtfdc dfln giai nhtf "ld'i sd'ng hanh xff bao Itfc coi thtfdng phap luat (hanh xtf bao Itfc); ld'i sd'ng hdi hdt, a dua dua ddi (van nan dua xe trai phep); ld'i sd'ng budng tha ban than (ddng tinh luye'n ai) "[2] Ld'i sd'ng thtfc dung chay iheo cac trao Iffu "tbdi Ihffdng" dffde du nhap vao Viet Nam vdi id'c lan truydn ra't nhanh va dang cd anh hffdng kha manh me dd'i vdi mdt bd phan gidi tre Vdi cac din lieu phong phu va dien hinh dtfde cap nhat luan an, tac gia chi rang, mac du xu hffdng ld'i sd'ng lieu ctfc eting eac trao ltfu van hda, Iff tffdng hffdng thu, suy thoai dao dtfc, mat phtfdng htfdng, bao itfc, coi thffdng phap luat, vd cam ehi cd d mdt bg phan gidi tre hien nay, song nd da d mtfc bao ddng gay btfc xiie dtf luan xa hdi va la mdt nhtfng van nan ma toan Dang, loan dan va Nha ntfdc phai kien tn phdng chd'ng va itm cac bien phap de giao due chinh tn ttf ttfdng eho the he tre nay.[2] 2.2 Nhffng suy nghi tieu ctfc cua gidi tre vd dnh hudng cua nd Nhffng suy ngbi khdng td't ay la nhffng tinh hud'ng ttfdng chtfng nhtf khdng hen quan den stf viec, nhtfng ehi vdi mgt each nhin tieu ctfc thi mgi va'n dd se bi ehi phd'i bdi each nhin khdng lac quan Tieu cifc eung cd nhieu each ggi khac So 13-Thdng 7/2019 133 lAPCHlCONGlHinfNB nhtf la eiing thang (stress), suy nghi ddc hai, nhtfng chinh ban than nhffng ngffdi tre lai la nhtfng tac nhan dan de'n viee Iran lan tieu etfe cudc sd'ng hien Tbeo Ohla Jin (2019), so' Itfdng ngtfdi vung tudi 40, 50 va 60 dtfde dat vao viing phan cap tha'p, nam irong nhdm ed li le ttf ttf thS'p nha't Ngtfde lai, gidi tre cac vung tudi 30, 20 va dac biet vung dd tudi dtfdi 19 khdng cd da'u hieu di xud'ng.[5] 2.3 Khdo sdty kie'n De hd trd cho bai vie't, mdt cudc khao sat ngan da dtfdc thtfc hien va thu thap dtfdc nhieu y kie'n ttf eae ban tre cac vung tudi dtfdi 18, ttf 18 ludl de'n 25 va ludi 25 trd len Dong thdi cdn cd stf hd Ird eua eac ban hgc sinh, sinh vien va ca nhtfng ban tre di Iam sdm d cac cdng ly khac thudc phd' Hd Chi Minh va eae tinh lan can Ly chgn cae dd'i ttfdng ban tre khao sal la dd Itfdng suy nghT tam li, so sanh htfdng nhin cung nhtf each danh gia stf viec cua eae ban ay Pham vi nghien ctfu cua bai vie't chii yd'u chu trgng vao nhtfng ngffdi Ire tudi Tuy nhien, eung cd nhffng pham trii ebtfa dtfdc chu trgng he't, nha't la nhffng htfdng di nhd cua van de 2.4 Thdo luan van de Bang Do tuoi tham gia khdo sdt DuaMStudi Tren18tu6i, du'6'i 25 tudi tren25tu6i, dudi 30 tudi Dau tien, de khoanh viing doi itfdng ehu ye'u la ngtfdi tre Bang khao sat da dffde phan tich va dung vung tudi ndi de'n "ngffdi tre "d day la ttf dd ludi tren 18 tudi va dtfdi 25 tuoi Vao thdi diem tudi nay, ngtfdi bSt dau thay doi nhffng each nhin eOng nhtf quan diem ve ld'i sdng stfc anh 134 So 13-Thdng 7/2019 htfdng eua sff thay ddi vd linh trang, tinb than cung nhff trach nhiem can ganh viic vao vung dd tudi sau la tbdi diem ma eon ngtfdi cd nhidu thay ddi nha'l ve the chat cung nhtf each nhin Tuy nhien, khdng loai trtf nhffng trffdng hdp phat tridn hffdng nhin lieu ctfc sdm ttf mdi trtfdng sd'ng eua chinh hg, anh hffdng de'n tam ly suy nghT ciia ho, nhtfng tam thdi vS'n dd nay, ta hay ciing xem nhff dd la nhtfng irffdng hdp hie'm Qua Bang 2, la ihay dtfde ehu ydu sd' Iffdng ngffdi tham gia cudc khao sat chu ye'u la nhtfng phan tudi tff 18 tudi de'n 25 tudi (Bang 1) cung cho rang tuoi de dang bi anh hffdng bdi sif tieu cffc nha'l la vung tuoi 18 den 25, tie'p theo dd la luoi thieu nien, dtfdi 18 ludi Khao sat cung cho tha'y, so' Itfdng ngtfdi cd hffdng suy nghT tidu cffc khdng nhieu nhffng hg cflng chon rang ehinh ban than ho cungco sff lieu cffc, diem khac biet giffa diem tren la bdn thffa nhan hg cd suy nghT tidu cffc va bdn khdng mud'n thffa nbSn nhffng hg cd chii y de'n stf lieu ctfc len ldi ban than ho (Bang 3) 2.5 Gidi phdp de xud't Sau nhtfng luan cff tren, ta cd the tha'y dffdc stf lieu cifu hien btfu Id'i suy nghT ciia mdi ngffdi la rS't Idn va tff dd la ed tbd thS'y hanh vi mdi ngffdi chung ta ddu xuat phat tff gdc nhin nban sff viee eua ehung la ' luc do, mgt ngffdi say thi se ludn cd td minh khdng say, nhffng chinh hg cung khdng nhan dffdc liem thtfc ho, ho bat dau dung mdt tdn giong ra't Idn Nguydn Thi Bich Hang (2017) cung da ed giai phap de giai quydt va'n dd Chung ta can phai htfdng cho gidi tre cd y thffc ttf trau ddi ban 30tudi i , , ^ ^ , than Tiep theo, ehung ta can nang I cao hieu qua ciia giao due gia dinh nha trtfdng va cdng ddng Sau nffa, viee phiit huy ldi the'to Idn cua truydn thdng dai chung la kha can thiet Hdn the'nffa, chung la can phat tnen be thd'ng cbinh sach phat trien va chidn Itfdc dd'i vdi the' he tre phu hdp vdi sff phai irien kinh te' - xa hdi dieu kien loan eau hda vdi hdi nhap qud'e te'" [2] QUANTRI-QUANLY Bang Danh gid cue nhflng ngiJdi khao sat ve miJc dp d§ bj dnh hudng bdi sif tieu cUc du-cri 18 tuoi tren 18 t u o i , Iren tuoi, tren 30 tuoi 6wa\ 25 tufii d u o i 30 tu6i y kien khac Bang Cach nhin nhqn ve bdn chdt cuo sii tieu ciic a tich la thi> luon hi§n la m5t can benh la mot rach nhin hCfu dcri tmh thSn khat [tinh lo^n, ca s6ng tojn) mSi cho toi ta nhin nhan O pham vi rdng hdn, nhffng luan an vd hgc thuye't hanh vi ngtfdi d nhffng nffdc pbat trien nhff My, Anh, Canada,., cflng neu nhffng phtfdng htfdng xem xel va'n dd dd la viec "lim nhffng cam xiic tieu bieu dung de didu tie'l nhtfng hanh ddng xa'u va viec suy nghT lieu cffc thffdng xuyen sff phat trien tiem thtfe eua viee rd'i loan cam xuc va lo au gidi tre "[4] Kd't luSn Sif tieu cffc khdng the hien mat hinh thtfc, nhffng nd la mgt can "benh" nguy hiem len Idi mdi suy nghT eua chung ta Chung cd the lam cho chung ta chiu nhtfng anh hffdng tieu cffc len linh than eiia mdi ngffdi va lan truyen sang nhffng ngtfdi xung quanh Ta kbdng the sffa chffa mdt thff ma la khdng nhan bie't dffdc Vi vay, trffdc mud'n lam mdt ngffdi hdt tieu ctfc, ta can phai xem xel rang cbinb ban than hg cd nhan dtfdc ring hg dang tieu cffc hay khdng Do vay, can phai tuyen truyen nbtfng hanh ddng tich cffc, ren luyen ban cha't ngffdi iff luc cd the lie'p thu dffdc, qua dd cai thien hdn dnh than eua nhffng ngtfdi hi anh htfdng, ttf dd thay dtfdc each nhin nhan stf viec, cung nhtf tang stf nban bie't cua hg ve tieu cffc, ma khdng lam anh hffdng de'n tinh than cua hg • TAI LIEU THAM KHAO VA TRICH NGUON: / Nguyin Thi Bich Hdng (2017) Ldi sdng tieu cifc ciia mot ho phdn gidi ire Viet Nam hien ditdi lang kinh hgc thuye't hdnh vi ngUdi cua Freud Thong tin Khoa hoc xd hoi so Nguyen Thj Bich Hang (2015) Ldi sdng tieu cue cua mot bd phdn gidi ire Viil Nam hien na\ dUdi Idng kinh hgc thuye't hdnh vi ngudi cua Freud Thdng tm Khoa hoc xd hoi, 52-54 Norem J K., & Chang E C (2002) The positive psychology psychology 58(9), page of negative thinking Journal of clinical 993-1001 So 13-Thdng 7/2019 135 IAP CHl CONG IHIflfNG Klemanski D H., Curtiss, J McLaughlin K A & Nolen-Hoeksema, S (2017) Emotion regulation and the transdiagnostic role of repetitive negative thinking in adolescents with social anxiety and depression Cogniiive therapy ond research, 41(2) page 206-219 Ngay nhan bai: 18/6/2019 Ngay phan bien danh gia va stfa chiJa: 28/6/2019 Ngay chS'p nhan dang bai: 8/7/2019 Thong tin tdc gidNGUYEN TAN DANH D^i hgc FPT THE NEGATIVE THINKING OF SOME YOUNG PEOPLE • NGUYEN TAN DANH FPT University ABSTRACT: The frequent negative thinking of some young people has recently become an urgent issue This issue needs solving before il becomes a bigger problem affecting the social structure This article is to analyze the negative thinking of some young people in order lo develop a social benchmark Keywords: Negative, morale, negative thinking, youth 136 So 13-Thdng 7/2019