QUANTRI-QUANLY GIAI PHAP GIAM NGHEO BEN V0NG TRONG DONG BAO KHMER SOC TRANG HIEN NAY • TRAN THANH TU - CO THANH TRUNG T M TAT: Cong tac giam ngheo va giam ngheo ben vCTng la chu tn/dng Idn cua Dang, chinh sach cua Nha nirdc, difdc die hien qua nhieu nghi quye'l chUdng irinh ihie't thu'c eho cong tae Viet Nam difdc cac id chu'c quoc le' danh gia cao irong cong lac giam ngheo va giam ngheo ben viing Bai vie't phan lich cac ehu iru'cfng, chinh sach cua Dang bo va chinh quyen tinh Soc Trang da thu'c hiSn de giiim ngheo irong dong bao Khmer eua linh Tuf khoa; Giam ngheo ben vifng dong bao Khmer, Soc Trang Quan diC^ni ciia Dang, chi'nh sach cua Nba mfdc \e giam ngheo ben viTng Giam ngheo va giam ngheo ben viing la mot nhifng chu tnfdng ldn cua Dang va Nha nu'dc nhim cai thien ddi song vai cha'l \a tinh thiSn cho ngu'di ngheo thu hep khoang each va irinh dp phat trien gitfa cac viing, dia ban va giu'a cdc dan uic nhdm dan cu" D;ii hoi lan lhi? XI ciia Dang, khang dinh: "Thifc hien ed hieu qua hdn chinh sach giam ngh^ophii help vdi tifng thcfi ky; da dang hoa cac nguon lUc va phu'dng thli'c de bao dam giam ngheo ben viing"; "Tap trung trie'n khai co hieu qua eae chu'dng trinh xoa ddi giam ngheo, nha't la dviings;iu vung xa vung dac biel khd khan" |2] Nghiqu>ei so 15-NQ/TW 1/6/2012 eua Hyi nghj Ian thiV nam Ban Chap hanh Trung ifdng khda \I da khdng dinh; "Day manh viee trie'n khai thifc hien Chu'dng trinh Mue lieu Quo'c gia ^e giam ngheo, dd ehii trpng Ciic chinh s;ich giam ngheo" "thu hep chenh lech ve mifc song va an sinh xa hdi so vdi binh quan ca nu'dc Nghien cifu su'a doi bd sung chinh sach ho trd hd can ngheo de giam ngheo ben viTng" 11] Dai boi lan thif XII ciia Dang, nhin Iai 30 nam ddi mdl (1986 - 2016) ben canh viec khang djnh "da't nifdc ta da dat difdc nhiJng ti/u lo Idn ed y nghia Iich siJ" Dang la da chi nhu'ng han che, }eu kem irong dd ed ca van de ve xa hgi va'n de giam ngheo: "Tren mdl sd'mal, mdl so' ITnh VLfc mdt bd phan nhan dan chUa du'de thu hu'dng day dii cdng bSng qua cua cong cudc ddi mdi" [3| De thyc hien td't Chifdng trinh Muc lieu quo'c gia \'e ,\da ddi giam ngheo tif nam 1993 de'n Viet Nam da Ian dieu ehinh chuan ngheo: Ngay 19/5/2011 Chinh phu dii ban hanh Nghi quye'l sd' 80/NQ-CP ve dinh hifdng giam ngheo ben viing ihdi k\ tif nam 2011 - 2020 \di muc lieu tdng quat: Giam ngheo ben \u'ng la mdl irong nhiing So 9-Thang 5/2020 211 TAP cm CONG THIlOIIG tam eiia Chien lUde phat tnen kinh le - \ a Nha nifdc cho cdng tac xda ddi, g i i i m ngheo hoi giai doan 2011 - 2020 n h i m cai thien va tiing eac ehinh sdch an smh xii hdi khac nhifng bifdc nang cao dieu k i c n sdng eua ngu'di ngheo trang ngheo cua ddng bao Khmer kha nghi irUde h e l d khu \ i f c mien niii \ iing ddng bao dan ly le hd Khmer ngheo kha cao ihu n loc thieu so tao sif chuyen bie'n manh me loan iha'p ddi sd'ng khd khiin V i \ \ giam ngheo dien d cac viing ngheo thu hep khoang each chung va ddng bao Khmer ndi rieng la chenh leeh giifa thiinh thi \ a ndng thdn giUa eae de quan trgng \'a ca'p bach dang diit hien n viing cac dan lgc \ a cac nhdm dan cU Nga> Ngheo la linh trang bi thie'u thd'n \'e nh 19/1 1/2015 Tha lu'dng Chinh phii da ban hiinh phUdng dien, nhUthu nhap iha'p bi ihieu cd Quye'l dinh s d / l / Q D - T T g ve viee ban hiinh lao ihu nhap, thie'u nhiing nhu cau cd ban h chuan ngheo tie'p can da chieu ap dung cho giai cua cudc sd'ng ihie'u tai sdn de lieu d doan 2016 - 2020, Ngoai Chinh phu edn ban llic ba'i trdc xay va de bi ldn ihifdng trifdc r hanh eac nghi quye't quye'l dmh \ e xda ddi mat thien l a i , benh lat, tai nan [ ] La i giam ngheo phat trien k c i ca'u tang, lin dung, irong 2S linh ven bien cua nUdc ta, Sdc Trang bao hiem y l e giao due iao dieu kien cho VI tri chie'n lifdc quan irpng ve chinh t n kinh ngUdi ngheo phat trien siin xuii't nang cao thu viin hda va an ninh qud'e phdng dd'i vdi ca n nhap, lie'p can vdi eac dieh vu xa hdi gdp phan ndi chung va vimg ddng bang sdng Cu'u Long thifc hien muc lieu qud'e gia xda ddi giiim ngheo rieng Tif l a i lap linh (1992) de'n nay, J Qudc hoi khda X I l l tai k) hgp thu" da ban Trang dat du'de nhieu tifu dang ke, id'c hanh Nghi quye't so 76/2014/QH13 tiing trifdng kinh le dat 7.3% khu vu'c U 24/6/2014 ve day manh thifc hien mue tieu giam 4,8% ngheo ben viJng de'n nam 2020 8.14%; cd ca'u kinh l e ' c h u y e n dich theo hifr khu vUc 11 lang I0.82• le; Chinh sach ho ird ngu'di ngheo ve giao vUc ddng bang song Cu'u Long Trong nhu'ng n due - dao lao; Chinh sach hd trd giam ngheo dac qua, thu so' sach xoa ddi, giam ngheo nha't lii tap trung ( 30a/2008/NQ-CP ve chu'dng tnnh hd i r d giam ddng bao Khmer va dat nhieu iich i n (Chinh phii ban hanh Nghi qu\e'i linh da trien khai nh\iu chu trifdng, ch ngheo nhanh va ben vCfng dd'i vdi 61 huyen ngheo viec gidm ngheo Nhu'ng hd ngheo vdn edn I nha't ca nifdc); nham thife hien muc tieu "dan cao vdi 15.890 hd, ehie'm , % ; irong dd, giiiu, nu'dc manh dan chii edng bang, van m i n h " Khmer ed 7.694 hp, chie'm 48.42% so' hg ng Thi^c t r a n g cong tac g i a m ngheo t r o n g Clia linh va 14.747 hd ciin ngheo (niim 2019) ddng bao K h m e r t i n h Sdc T r a n g Sdc Trang iii tinh ed ddng ddng bao Khmer Do ba ddng bao Khmer sd'ng ehu ye'u trung d vung sau viing xa ndi cd dieu kiei nhal ea nu'dc Theo kei qua Tdng dieu tra dan so' nhien khdng Ihuan ldi cho viec san xua'l, k va nhii d nam 2019 Sdc Trang cd 397.014 ngu'di doanh; ndi cd dieu kien liinij thie't ye'u Khmer, chiem 30.7'"!- diin so'loan linh Mac dii kem phat trien dieu kien di l a i mua ban Irong nhiing nam qua ba Khmer da thu xua'l cua ba gdp nhieu khii kb,in hudna nhieu ehu tru'dng ehinh sach cija Dans \ i i ba Khmer sd'ng chu ye'u du,' 212 So 9-Thang 5/2020 M i i i kl ,() san x {jUANTBiqilANir nong nghiep nhifng ihieu da'l dai vdn, trinh hpc van chuyen mdn tbiip ty le that nghiep cao dieu kien an d ihie'u thd'n khd khan, y ihilc tu' vi/dn len kem [8] Vi the linh irang ngheo dong bio Khmer khd nghiem irgng lam cho cong tiic giam ngheo ciJa tinh Sdc Trang gap nhieu khd khiin \ifa thoai ngheo lai lai ngheo dien thifdng xuyen VT vay, de gdp phiin phat tnen kinhte- \a hdi ben vUng, can phai cd nhUng gidi phap hilu hieu, lau dai va tich cifc Irong cdng idc jiiam ngheo ndi chung va cho ddng bao Khmer Sdc Triing hien ndi rieng la can thiel Mnl sd' giai phap giam ngheo b^n viing ddng bao Khmer tinh Sdc Trang thcVi gian tdi De gdp phan xda bd linh trang khd khiin, diiy lili linh irang ddi ngheo, giam khoang each chenh l^ch ve mile sd'ng giii'a cac tang Idp dan cif de phdt irienkinh te ben vifng, can thifc hien ddng bd, Uiu dii vi tich cifc mpl sd' giai phap bifu hieu sau: Thif nhdt, can lap trung phat trien long hdp kinh ic bien Sdc Trang vdi 72 km bd bien vii 03 cu'a sdng chinh la Dinh An, Tran De vii My Thanh Sdc TriSng rii't thuan ldi phal trien tdng hdp kinh te bien, lao cdng an, viSc him cho Iao dpng liim thue, tifdd ihiicday kinh te phat trie'n va gdp phan \i^io cong tac xda ddi gidm ngheo |9] De phal trien kinh te bie'n, Sdc Trang ciin phai: (1) Chuyen ddi ed ca'u cay Irdng, vai nudi phU hdp vdi bie'n ddi hiiu, ban, man, tang cifdng he thd'ng lUdi lieu, nao vel kenh raeh lich irif nu'dc ngot cho mua khd va cac bien phap chdng chiu vdi ngoai canh khac nghiet Trdng va bao \e rifng ngiip man tUng bifdc khdi phue he Ihdng sinh thai; (2) Da\ manh khai thac danh bii't va nudi trdng thuy sdn viing nifdc Id nudi trdng ihiiy san theo hu'dng da dang cac dd'i tifdng phat Irien md hinh nudi cdng nghe cao nham tao san pham sach, phue \u ehe bie'n xuii't khiiu Day manh phdt men cde dich vu hiiu citn nghe cd, md rpng nang cap vii khai thac hieu qua cang ed Tran De; (3) Phat trien eae nganh cdng nghiep phai giin vdi ldi the vung bien va ven bien, phat irien manh cac dich vu \an tai bien dich vu du ljch bien, du lieh sinh thai (4) Keu gpi dau lU cac khu cdng nghiep cum cdng nghiep nhal la dau tu' xay cang mfdc sau Tran De phat trien cang bien phue vu eho xuat nhap khau ndng san \at Itf ndng nghiep ddnh bdi thuy, hai sdn; (5) Day manh dau tu phdt trien ke't ca'u tang giao ihdng dau tif edc tuye'n giao thdng dd'i ngoai, giao thdng ven bien d cdc luye'n \an ldi hang hda ven bien Iie'n tdi van tai bien den cdc nude khu VLfc Phal trien giao thdng dudng ihiiy dong bo gitfa eang, luyen - ludng va dpi tau van tdi Diiu lu'he thd'ng de sdng de bien phue vu phdi Irie'n kinh le' kel hdp qud'e phdng - an ninh vii L?ng phd vdi bie'n ddi hau Thd hai day manh phat trien du lich nhii't la du lich sinh thai \ii du lich liim linh Vdi ldi the'cd 03 cifa sdng Idn dd bien, cd he sinh thdi vung ngap man vifa cd gid tri kinh te ldn vtia la liem nang phdt trien du lich Sdc Trang cd dai cCi lao Ihudc huyen Ke Sach, Long Phii va CCi Lao Dung chay dai tan cu'a bien vdi nheu vu'dn cay an trai nhiet ddi va khdng irong Ianh, Diiy la dia diem ly tifdng de phal trien loai hinh du Iich smh thdi Doc bd bien cljng cd nhieu bai tam dep, cd the la ndi nghi du'dng kel hdp du Iich sinh Ihdi nhu Hd Be (VTnh Chau) An Thanh Nam (Cu Lao Dung) Sdc Triing hien md luye'n du lich Cdn Ddo bdng tau cao td'c Tif Sdc Trang di Phii Quo'c kha gan bang difdng bien nen khd nang md tuye'n dUa du khach id Sdc Trang Phii Qud'e rat thuan ldi Dac biel Sdc Trang cd nhieu liem nang phdt trien du hch \dn hda tam linh vdi dac trUng 03 dan tde Kinh - Khmer - Hoa Vdi ldi the' viing da't ed 03 dan tgc chinh, Sdc Trang vd'n rat ndi lieng vdi nhieu dia danh (chua Ddi, Dal Set Ho Nifdc ngpt }, da dang sinh boat van hda, le hdi (Ooc om boe - Dua ghe Ngo Le hpi sdng mfdc miet vifdn miing 5/5 Am Iich ) va net am ihife ddc ddo qua iifng dac san cua linh (bdnh Pia bdnh Cd'ng bun Nu'dc leo ) Tiem nang du lich ra'l da dang, dd du hch Ie hot, am thifc va du lich tham quan chua chien la the' manh, ne'u linh phdt huy to'i da tiem nang se gdp phan vao giai quye't cdng an viec liim lang thu nhap cho dia phu'dng So 9-Thang 5/2020 213 TAP CHl CONG imfllNG trpng tam ciia Chien Iddc phai trien kmh te - xa Nha nude cho cdng ide xda ddi gidm ngheo hdi giai doan ! - 2020 nham cdi thien va tdng cac chinh sdch an sinh xa hdi khac nhu'ng t budc nang cao dieu kien sd'ng cua ngu'di ngheo trang ngheo ctia ddng bao Khmer khd nghi infdc h e l d khu \'Uc mien n i i i vung ddng bao dan trgng ly le hd Khmer ngheo khd cao ihu n lpc thieu so; tao su' ehuj'en bien manh me loan tha'p, ddi sd'ng khd khan V i viiy gidm ngheo dien d edc vung ngheo: thu hep khoang cdeh chung va irong ddng bao Khmer ndi rieng Id ^ chenh lech giifa thj \ i i ndng thdn, giifa eac de quan va ciip bach dang dai hien n vfing cdc dan toe va cdc nhdm diin cif N g a \ Ngheo lii linh irang bi thie'u thd'n vc nh 19/1 1/2015 Thu IUdng Chinh phu da ban hanh phu'dng dien, nhUlhu nhap ihii'pdo bi ihieu cd Quyet dinh sd 59/2015/QD-TTg ve \ iec ban hanh tao thu nhap ihie'u nhifng nhu ciiu cd ban h: chuan ngheo tie'p can da ehieu dp dung cho giai cua cudc sd'ng thieu lai sdn de lieu d doan 2016 - 2020 Ngoiii Chinh phu cdn ban luc ba'i trdc xay \ a de bi ldn thu'dng trUde i hanh edc nghi quyet q u \ e t djnh \ e xda ddi mdl thien tai benh tat, tai nan | ] Lii i giam ngheo phdt irien kel ca'u lang tin dung irong 28 linh ven bien cua nddc la, Sdc Trang bdo hiem y te', gido due, tao dieu kien cho VI tri chie'n lifdc quan trpng ve ehinh i r i kinh ngifdi ngheo phat trien san xua't nang cao ihu van hda va an ninh qudc phdng dd'i vdi ca n nhiip, tie'p can vdi cdc dich vu \ a hdi gdp phan ndi chung vii viing ddng bdng sdng Ciiu Long thife hien muc tieu qud'e gia xda ddi giam ngheo rieng T i l ldi lap tinh (1992) de'n nay, Qud'e hgi khda X l l l tai ky hpp ihu" da ban Trang dat du'de nhieu tilu ddng ke, Idc hanh Nghi quye't sd' 76/2014/QH13 lang tnfdng kinh te' dat 7,3% khu vifc I li 24/6/2014 \ e diiy manh thifc hien mtic lieu gidm 4,8%, ngheo ben viing den niim 2020 8,14%; cd ca'u kinh l e ' c h u y e n dich theo hUf khu vUc I I lang 10.82% khu vtfc 111 l Cac ehinh sdch xda ddi gidm ngheo d nUde la lieh eUc GRDP binh quan dau ngifdi dai 46 Ir irong giai doan hien tiip trung d mdt sd' linh ddng/nam; ty trgng khu vifc 1-!I-1H tifdng ifng vifc nhu'sau Chinh sach ifu dai tin dung cho ngifdi 37,77% - 17.82% - 4 % [6] LTnh vtfc van h ngheo; Chinh saeh hd trd san xuii't, cung cap dieh xd hpi cd nhieu lien bd Cde ehinh sdch an sinh vu khuye'n ndng khuye'n Iam, khuye'n ngd; Chinh hdi dddc quan tam thifc hien An ninh ehinh sach day nghe gidi quye't \ iee liim va xuii'l khau trat tif an loan xa hdi cd ban difdc dam bdo Iao ddng; Chinh sach hd trd ve nha d dat san xua't Tuy nhien, hien Sdc T r a n g vdn id r va nifdc sinh hoai; Chinh sdch hd ird ngu'di ngheo nhifng tinh ngheo nha'l cua ca nddc va I ve y le, Chinh sdch hd ird ngu'di ngheo ve giao vUc ddng bdng sdng Cdu Long Trong nhffng n due - dao lao; Chinh sdch hd trd giam ngheo dac qua, linh da trien khai nhieu chu trddng, eh thil (Chinh phii ban hanh Nghj quye't so' sdch xda d d i , gidm ngheo, nhii'i la tap trung 30a/2008/NQ-CP \ e chUdng trinh hd trd giam ddng bao Khmer va dat nhieu lich trt ngheo nhanh va ben vifng dd'i vdi 61 huyen ngheo viec giam ngheo Nhu'ng hd ngheo vdn cdn I nhiil ca nifdc); nhdm thifc hien muc lieu "dan cao vdi 15.890 b d , chie'm , % ; dd, giau nu'dc manh dan ehu, cdng bdng, van m i n h " Khmer cd 7.694 hd, chie'm 48,42% sd hd ngi T h t i c t r a n g cong !ac g i a m ngheo t r o n g cua tinh va 14.747 ho can ngheo (nam 2019) | ddng bao K h m e r ti'nh Sdc T r a n g Do ba eon ddng bao Khmer sd'ng chu ye'u Sdc Triing la dnh cd ddng ddng bao Khmer trung d vung sau, vung xa, ndi ed dieu kien nhiil ea nu'dc Theo ke't qud Tong dieu ira dan so' nhien khdng thuan l d i cho vide san xua'l, k va nha d nam 2019 Sdc Triing cd 397.014 ngu'di doanh; ndi cd dieu kien iang thie'l ye'u Khmer, chiem 30.7% dan sd' toiin tinh Mac dii kem phal t r i e n dieu kien di l u i mua ban • nhifng nam qua ba Khmer da thu xua'l cua ba gdp nhieu khd khfin htfdni: nhieu chu tru'dng ehinh sach eua Dane va ba Khmer sd'ng chu ye'u du':> 212 So 9-Thong 5/2020 Mat kh ,,) san x QUAN TRj-QUAN IY nong nghiep nhu'ng ihie'u da't dai, vd'n, trinh dp hoc \an chuyen mdn tha'p ty le tha'l nghiep cao di^u kien an d Ihie'u thd'n khd khan, y thdc id vifdn len kem |8] Vi the', iinh irang ngheo dong bao Khmer khd nghiem trpng lam cho cdng Vic giam ngheo cua tinb Sdc Trang gap nhieu khd khdn \i(d ihodt ngheo lai idi ngheo dien Ihifdng \iiyen Vi vay, de gdp phan phai tnen kinhle- xa hdi ben vffng, can phai cd nhffng giai phap hffu hieu, lau dai va tich cdc Irong cdng lac giam ngheo ndi chung va cho ddng bao Khmer Soc Trdng hien ndi rieng la can ihiet Mgt sd'giai phap giam ngheo ben vifng ddng bao Khmer tinh Sdc Trang thofi gian Idi De gdp phan xda bo tinh irang khd khdn, day lili ttnh trang ddi ngheo, gidm khoang each chenh l^ch ve mdc sd'ng gifla cac tang Idp dan cdde phal trien kinh le'ben vifng, can thifc hien ddng bo lau tiat vi lich cifc mdl sd'gidi phdp hdu hieu sau: Thd nhdt can tap trung phat irien idng hdp kinh le'bien Sdc Trang vdi 72 km bd bien va 03 cda song chinh la Djnh An Tran De va My Thanh Soc Trdng rat Ihuan ldi phal trien long hdp kinh le bien lao cdng dn.vieclam eho lao ddng Iam thue iUdd thiie day kinh le'phdt trien va gdp phan vao Cling tde xda ddi, giam ngheo [9] De phdt trien kinh le' bien Sdc Trang can phai: (I) Chuyen doi cd ca'u cay irdng, vat nudi phii hdp \di bie'n ddi hau han, man lang cifdng he thd'ng tifdi lieu, nao vet kenh raeh tich irif nddc ngpt cho miia khd va cdc bien phdp chdng chiu vdi ngoai cdnh khac nghiel Trdng va biio \e rdng ngap man tdng bddc khdi phue he ihd'ng sinh thdi; (2) Da\ manh khai thdc ddnh bat va nudi irdng thily sdn \ung nddc Id nudi trdng thiiy sdn theo hddng da dang ede dd'i tddng, phat irien md hinh nudi cdng nghe cao nhdm tao sdn phdm saeh phue vu che bie'n xua't khau Day manh phal trien cdc dich \u hau can nghe cd md rgng nang cap va khai thdc hieu qua cang ca Tran De; (3) Pbdl irien cdc nganh cdng nghiep phai gan vdi ldi the vung bien va ven bien, phat trien manh eae dich \u van tdi bien dieh vu du iich bien du lich sinh thdi,.; |4) Keu ggi dau td cdc khu cdng nghiep cum cdng nghiep nhal la dau td xay cang nu'dc sau Tran De phdi irien cdng bien phue vu cho xuat nhap kha'u ndng sdn vat tu' ndng nghiep ddnh ba'i thuy hai san; |5) Day manh dau id phat irien ket ca'u lang giao thdng dau tUcac tuye'n giao thong dd'i ngoai, giao thong \'enbien d cac tuye'n \an tai hang hda ven bien tien tdi van tai bien de'n cac ndde khu VLfc Phal trien giao thong dddng thuy ddng bp giffa cdng luye'n - ludng \a ddi lau van tdi Diiu Id he thd'ng de sdng de bien phue vu phal trien kinh le ket hdp qud'e phdng - an ninh va dng phd vdi bie'n ddi hau Thif hai da'y manh phdt tridn du lieh nha't ia du lieh sinh thai \a du Iich lam linh Vdi ldi the'cd 03 cifa sdng Idn dd bien eo he sinh thdi vung ngap man vda cd gid tn kmh te Idn vda la liem nang phat trien du lieh Sdc Trdng cd ddi cu Iao thupc huyen Ke'Sdch Long Phu va Cu Lao Dung chay dai lan cda bien vdi nheu vddn cay an ird I nhiel ddi vd khdng irong lanh, Diiy la dia diem ly tddng de phdt trien loai hinh du Iich sinh thai Dpc bd bien eiing ed nhieu bai tam dep, cd the la ndi nghi dddng ke't hdp du lich sinh thai nhuHd Be (Vinh Chau) An Thanh Nam (Cu Lao Dung) Sdc Trang hien md tuye'n du lich Cdn Dao bang lau cao td'c Tff Sdc Trdng di Phii Qudc khd gan bang dddng bien nen kha nang md tuye'n dda du khaeh iff Sdc Trang Phii Qudc ra't thuan Idl Dde biet, Sdc Trang cd nhieu liem nang phdt trien du lich van hda tam Iinh vdi dac trffng 03 dan lpc Kinh - Khmer- Hoa Vdi ldi the'viing da't cd 03 dan tde chinh, Sdc Trdng vd'n ra'l ndi tie'ng vdi nhieu dia danh (chiia Ddi Dii't Set, Ho Nu'dc ngot.,,.) da dang sinh hoat van hda, le hdi {Goc om boe - Dua ghe Ngo Ld hdi sdng nu'dc miet vtfdn mung 5/5 Am lich } va net am thdc doe dao qua tdng dac san cua linh (banh Pia bdnh Cd'ng biin Nddc leo ) Tiem ndng du ljch ra't da dang, du heh Ie hdi am thdc va du Iich tham quan chiia chien Iii the manh neu tinh phdt huy Id'i da tiem nang se gdp phiin vao giai quye't cong an \ iec Iam tang ihu nhap cho dia phddng So 9-Thang 5/2020 213 TAP cm CdNGTHKONG Thd tiep tuc thifc hien Chifdng trinh Mue Iffu ddng de trien khai ede boat ddng khdm eh tieu Qudc gia \ e \ a \ ' ddng Ndng thdn m d i Ho benh tai viing sau viing xa \ a > difngxa dpdii ngheo can ngheo ddng bao Khmer Sdc Trdng tap ehe dd, chinh sach dao tao \ a phat trien ngu irung chu ye'u d ndng thdn Iam ndng nghiep \ nhan Idc y te' cho vung ddng bao Khmer; Td Id ndng dan V i \ a \ ddng bao Khmer la nhffng cddng khd nang cung dng dich vu \ te cd ban c ngddi de bi ldn thifdng nha't tru'dc nhffng bien ngddi ngheo ddng bao Khmer; ddng ve lhi trddng gia ea va bien ddi hau Hd trd nhd d : Mffc hd trd nha d theo Quy Trong thdi gian qua Dang \ a Nha nddc rat quan dinh sd I67/200S/QD-TTg hien ra'l thd'p, tam de'n sU phat m e n todn dien d khu vilc ndng vay ciin phdi dieu chinh mdc hd i r d iff ngan sd thdn va da'y manh xa) ddng Ndng ihdn m d i , mac ve nha d cho hd ngheo de dam bao cd dude c, du ty le hd ngheo va ciin ngheo hang ndm cd nha chat Iddng dam bao, kien cd Cap ihie'l ph giam nhifng hien na\ \ a n edn khd eao diic biet xem \ e i hd trd cho nhdng hp ngheo dang sd' la dd'i vdi nhffng \d chifa dai chua'n Ndng thdn tren cdc kenh raeh thuyen, ngddi khdng ed t mdi, xa ed ddng ddng bao Khmer smh sdng Do d dl ddi den cdc khu cum tai djnh cif: giin hd t dd thdi gian i d i can q u } e t tdm thdc hien nha d vdi cdng idc di dan de dffa ngddi dan Quye't dmh so 1600/QD-TTg cua Thu tu'dng khdi nhffng dia ban cd nhieu riii ro ve ihien I Chinh phii \ a Nghi qu\e'i Dai hdi Ddng bd tinh cd the dnh hffdng de'n linh mang Ian thd X I I I nhiem ky 2016-2020 \ e thifc hien Hd trd ndde sach: Can da'y manh xiiy dd Chddng trinh Mtic lieu Qudc gia \ e \ a ) dung m d l nang cap he thd'ng cap nddc saeh, nhd'l ndng thdn mdi iren dia ban linh Sdc Trang nhdm dd'i vdi ndng thdn Phai cd nhffng chinh sach xfu difng \ d phdt m e n toan dien cdc linh trd chi phi cho hd ngheo can ngheo tie'p c, \ife ndng iigbicp ndng dan va ndng thdn ngudn nffdc sach td nddc may nffdc ciiy Id khou Thd lif, lie'p iuc Ihdc hicn edc chinh sdch xa hdi Ben canh dd, can phai cd chinh sdch hd trd ngheo Khmer cdc \ a i dung dff trff nffdc nhdm d Hd ird hoc sinh ngheo: Nhiim ihifc hien miie phd vdi mua k h d ; Tffng bifde lieu chua'n hda c lieu nang cao trinh ddn tri dao tao ngudn nhan diem cap nifdc tap trung cho dia biin ddng b Idc va gdp phan giam ngheo ben vffng thdi Khmer ngheo; Ddng ehd y, can dieu chlnh m gian l d i can phai xay ddng ehinh sdch loan dien hd trd cho hd ngheo Khmer d nhdng viing k hd trd ebo ire em ngheo ndi ehung va tre em khan lidp can ngudn nddc sach ngheo Klimci ndi rieng de tre em cd dieu kien Ve hd ird dien: Ngiinh Dien da gdp phdn i den trifdng dddc hge lap md mang kie'n thffc Idn vao cdng tde xda ddi gidm ngheo, nhdng vi nang eao irinh dd Cho nen can tiep tuc cdi ihien sd dung dien d mot sd' hd hicn cd nhieu v he thdng cung ca'p dich \ u giao due ca \ e cd sd de xdy ra, nhd chay nd Do dd ihdi gi \'at eha'l dpi ngu gido \ ien chu'dng trinh hge Ddc tdi, nganh chdc nang can tdng eu'dng dau tu'cd biet liep tuc md r p n g d a \ hoe song ngff cho ddng lang dien, nha'l la ddu td Iddi dien trdng dd bao Khmer biio Khmer de ba dng dung dien vao sdn xi Hd ird > ic Trong thdi gian tdi de gdp phan va sinh hoat Ben canh d d , can tuyen truyc \ a o edng lae cham sdc \ il bao \ e sdc khde nhan hddng dan eho ba Khmer sff dung dien t dan can phdi thdc hien tdi ehinh sdch ho ird bdo k i e m , an loan Dong thdi Ddng va Nhd nudce hiem \ ic cho cac hd ngheo can ngheo nhd'l la pbdl ed chinh sdch hd trd ho ngheo Khmer diVi \ d i hd Khmer ngheo de tao dieu kien ihuan dien sinh hoal ldi eho bd kham chda benh giam gdnh Ve lie'p can thdng tin: De ngifdi dan nhd'l niing chi p h i ) te Tie'p tuc dau Id ed sd \ at chat, bii Khmer d ndng thdn viini: sdu viing trang thiol bi \ ic cho eac tuyen nha'l la tram > te dUdc lie'p can cung cap d i i \ dii thdng tin ve c \ a \ iini; sau \ u n g \ a : Phdi trien md hinh dpi \ te irddng, chinh sach ciia E)ang phap luai cua N 214 So 9-Thang 5/2020 QUAN T R I - Q U A N L Y nffdc; kinh nghiem sdn xua't; linh hinh phal trien kmh IC - \a hdi ciia linh da'l nddc can phai cd chinh sdi-h dff an hd ird eho cac xa vung sau, viing xa ddng bao Khmer, hd ngheo hg khd khan \c cd sd \d\ chd'l, dieu kien tie'p can thdng tin thdng qua cue kenh truyen hinh, phdt ihanh, bao id rdi pano Dio iao nghe va gidi quyel viec lam: Dd'i vdi ngddi ngheo Khmer Sdc Trang vl hgc va'n tha'p nen khdng lim dddc viec lam, hoiic lam cdng viec lao dpng nilng nhpc thddng xdy lai nan lao dpng nid thu nhap thd'p, khdng ddm bao cudc sdng Vi the can phai diiy manh eong idc ddo tao nghe cho cde hd ngheo, de ngu'di lao dpng Khmer cd mpl Irinh dd, tay nghe, nang life, thdi dd nha't dinh ed the lim dddc cdng viec on dinh Cdng tac dao lao nghe phdi ga'n vdi thi Irddng lao ddng, dio lao Iheo dia chi, theo nhu ciiu cua thi Iru'dng JM.'II khde, Ciin phdi day manh cdng lac gidi thieu giao djch vice Idm Khi ddng bao Khmer cd viec lam, ihu nhdp eiia gia dinh dn dinh, chdc cha'n g.iiih ndng ve an sinh xd hdi se gidm di, Nang eao y thffc td Idc pha'n da'u vffdn len cho hd ngheo, can ngheo: De thdc hien ihanh cdng giam ngheo ben vffng, lien ldi no dii, giau cd ben canh nhffng chu irffdng, ehinh sdch cua Dang va Nhi nffdc ciin phai tuyen iruyen ddng bao Khmer nang cao V ihdc, linh than pha'n da'u, iff vu'dn len y ehi Iff life, id cddng de cho ba eon Khmer khdng trdng chd y lai vao Dang va Nhd nffdc Dong thdi phai thffc hanh liet kiem iff dd ddng bao cd lhe tff \Mn Ien cupc sd'ng ihodi ngheo Mill, dil ihdi gian qua, Tinh iiy Uy ban Nhan dan linh da quan tam \a thffc hien id'l ehinh sdch ddn tpc nen tinh hinh kinh te xd hdi d vung ddng bao Khmer cd bddc phat tnen vffng chiie, ddi sd'ng tdng bddc dddc eai ihien; cdng tde gidodtic - dao tao chdm sdc sdc khde eho nhan dan ed nhieu ehuyen bie'n tieh cffe; ke't ca'u tang dffdc diiu tif da gdp phan giai quye't dddc nhu cau cd ban ve nddc sinh hoat nhd da'l d viec lam, da gdp phiin vao cdng cudc giam ngheo, ndng cao ddi sd'ng viit cha'l va iinh ihan cho ddng bao Khmer, Tuy nhien ddng bao Khmer hien cdn khdng it khd khdn khoang cdch chenh leeh giau ngheo khd Idn; chd't Iddng, hieu qua gido due dao tao cdn thd'p; edng tac cha m sdc sdc khde edn nhieu ban ehe: phong luc, tap qudn sdn xua'l va ddi sd'ng edn lac hau: tang chda hoan chinh, ddng bp; nang Idc, trinh dp cua cdn bp d cd sd edn ban ehe'; De thuc td't cdng tde dan tde irong linh hinh mdi, dd cd edng idc giam ngheo ben vffng ddng bao Khmer ndi rieng, cdc ea'p uy Dang va he thd'ng chinh trj ttnh Sdc Tiang ciin lap trung ihffc hien ddng bd cac gidi phdp dac biel can quan tdm nhat la cdng idc gido due - ddo tao va ffng dung manh me cdc lien bo khoa hpe k\ thual san xua't va ddi sd'ng, gdp phan ihUe hien mue tieu "ddn giau, nffdc manh, dan chii cdng bdna van minh" • T U L I ^ r THVMKHAO: Ban chii'p hanh Trung Udng Dang Cong siin Vicl Nam (2012) Nglii quyet so IS-NQ/TW Hdi nghi lan ihil nam Ban chdp hdnh Trung Ucmg khda XI mdl sd vd'n de ve chinh sdch xa hgi gicn dogn 2012 - 2020 Diing Cgng siin Viei Nam (2011) Vdn kien Dai hgi dcil bieu lodn qudc Idn ihd XL NXB Chinh iri qude gia, Hii NVi? Diing Cdng san VieiNam (2016) Vdn kien Dcii hoi dcii bieu loan qude ldn thd XII, NXB Chinh in qudc gia, H.i Noi" Tap eht Cdng san (2014) Xda doi gidm ngheo hen vdng dong hao clan tck cdc tinh thdnh phia Nam K\ \L'ii hpi ihao, linh Trii Vinh Chinh phu NUdc CHXHCN Viet Nam (2015), Quye'l dinb sd !6I4 (15/9/2015) ciia Thii lUdng Chinh phu, phe duyxt De cin tcfng the "Chuvcn ddi phifcfng phdp tiep cdn Itfcfng ngheo tif dcfn chieu sang ddclueu dp clung cho giai dogn 2016-2020" So 9-Thang 5/2020 215 lAP CHl CdNG THUONG UBND linh SocTnlng 12020), Bdo cdo Kinh tc - Xd hdi ndm 2019 vd mue tieu, nhiem \u plidl tnen kinb le-xd hdi ndm 21)20 •lai phopcliity L'B.VD dan tinh Sdc Trang (2020) Bdo cdo Tong kci eong idc Ddn tgc nam 2019 vd phiftin: hifdng iiliiem cdng idc ddn lgc nam 2020 Sd Lao dgng Thu'dng binh va Xa hoi tinh Sdc Trang (2020) Bdo cdo cdng tcic ddo too nghe gidi quyet vi lain ndm 2019 vd phucmg hifdng nhiem vu 2020 Sd Ndng nghiep va Phai trien Ndng thon (20201 Bdo cdo Tiing ke't iinh liinh cdng tde nam 2019 vd philo hudng, nhiem vu nam 2020 Ngay nhan bai: 8/4/2020 Ngay phan bien danh gia va sda cbila: 18/4/2020 Ngay chap nhan dang bai: 28/4/2020 Thdng lin idc gid: ThS TRAN THANH TU ThS CO T H V N H TRUNG Trdffng Chinb tri tinh Sdc Triing SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION SOLUTIONS FOR ETHNIC KHMER LIVING IN SOC TRANG PROVINCE • Moser, TRAN THANH TU • Maser CO THANH TRUNG School of Politics - Soc Trang Province ABSTRACT: Sustainable poverty reduction is a major policy of the Communist Party of Vietnam and the Go\'ernment of Vietnam In recenty years, many resolutions and practical programs of sustainable poverty reduclion have been launched in Vietnam Vietnam has achieved many positive results which win widespread praise from inlemational organizations This paper analyzes the guidelines and policies of the Party Committee of Soc Trang Province and the provincial authorities on poverty reduclion for ethnic Khmer Keywords: Sustainable poverty reduction, ethnic Khmer, Soc Trang Province 216 So - T h a n g 5/2020 ... bao Khmer Sdc Trdng tap ehe dd, chinh sach dao tao a phat trien ngu irung chu ye'u d ndng thdn Iam ndng nghiep nhan Idc y te' cho vung ddng bao Khmer; Td Id ndng dan V i a ddng bao Khmer. .. song ngff cho ddng lang dien, nha'l la ddu td Iddi dien trdng dd bao Khmer biio Khmer de ba dng dung dien vao sdn xi Hd ird > ic Trong thdi gian tdi de gdp phan va sinh hoat Ben canh d d , can tuyen... (niim 2019) ddng bao K h m e r t i n h Sdc T r a n g Sdc Trang iii tinh ed ddng ddng bao Khmer Do ba ddng bao Khmer sd'ng ehu ye'u trung d vung sau viing xa ndi cd dieu kiei nhal ea nu'dc Theo kei