Nghien culi cac nhan to'anh hifofng den SI/ gan bo cua ngu'cri lao dong tai Kho bac Nha nUdfc Kien Giang PHtJCJC MIMH HIEP* VO VIET SINH* Tom tat Bang phuong phdp thu thdp dff lieu so cdp 180 ngifdi lao dong dang ldm viec lgi Kho bgc Nhd nudc (KBNN) Kien Giang, nhom tac gid da tim duoc nhdn td co tde dong den su gan bo cua ngUdi lao dong ddi vdi td chffc tgi KBNN Kien Giang, bao gom: (1) Dgc diem cdng viec; (2) Moi trudng ldm viic; (3) Quan hi dong nghiep; (4) Ccf hoi thdng lien; (5) Thu nhdp; vd (6) Quan hi edp tren Trin ccf sd do, nhom tac gid dd de xudt cdc hdm y chinh sdch nhdm ndng cao sU gdn bd vdi td chffc cua ngUdi lao dgng tgi KBNN Kien Giang thdi gian tdi TH khoa: su gdn bo, ngudi lao dong, Kho bgc Nhd nudc Kiin Giang Summary With primary data collected from 180 employees in Kien Giang State Treasury, the authors identify factors that affect their commimenl to Kien Giang State Treasury, including: (I) Job characteristics; (2) Work environment; (3) Colleague relationship; (4) Opportunity for promotion; (5) Income; and (6) Superior relationship From this finding, the authors propose policy implications to enhance employee's commimenl to Kien Giang Slate Treasury in the coming time Keywords: commiment, employee, Kien Giang State Treasury GIOI THIEU KBNN Kien Giang la cd quan chuyen mon thuoc KBNN, cd chffc nang tham mffu gnip KBNN, Bo Tai chinh, UBND Tinli thffe hi$n quan ly ngan saeh nha nffdc Viec tuyen dung dffdc ngffdi tai da khd, giff chan ngffdi tai cdn khd hdn Do do, dd'i vdi cac cO quan nha nffdc, can ed cae che do, chinh sach phii hop de ddng vien va giff chan can bg cdng chffe, vien chffc lam viee cho cd quan, phat huy nang lffc sd trffdng, yen tam eong tae Ngo^i ehinh saeh ve tien Iffdng, cac che dai ngd, dao tao boi dffdng, thi cae nhSn to'khac lien quan den quan ly nhan Iffe cung khdng kem phan quan trgng De giai quye't tff gd'c va'n de nay, can phai hieu rd dau la nhffng nhan to' hay nhffng nhdm nhan to' anh hffdng tdi sff gan bd vdi td chffc, de tff dffa dffde nhffng d^ xua't mot sd'ham y ehinh sach nham nang eao hieu qua lam viee eho edng chffe KBNN Kien Giang CasdLYTHUYETVAMOHiNH NGHIEN CLfu Cd sot ly thuye't Herzberg va edng sff (1959) cho rang, sff thda man cong viec eua ngffdi lao ddng deu cd dinh nghTa ehung la mffc dd yen thich edng viec hay cd'gang tri lam viSc eua ngffdi lao dgng the hien qua sff nhan thffe (tich cffc hoac tieu cffc hoae ke't hdp tich cffc va tieu cffc) ve cae khia canh khac cong viec anh hffdng den ban than ho Sff thda man cdng viec ddn gian la phan anh mot phan ve thai dd dd'i vdi edng viee ma ngffdi lao ddng y6u thich, eung nhff mffc dd thda man cac thang nhan td' danh gia: Thanh toan lffdng; Cd hoi thang tie'n; Giam sat; Quan he dong nghiep va thang nhSn td'khae, ma hg mong ddi 'PGS, TS., Tap chi Cong san "Kho bac Nha nifdc Kien Giang Ngdy nhgn bdi: 16/01/2020; Ngdy phdn bien: 14/02/2020; Ngdy duyel ddng: 24/02/2020 31 BANG 1: DIEN GIAI CAC BIEN TRONG Mo HINH H I QUY STI MA BIEN TEN BEN CO sd CHON BIEN KY VONG DAU +/- Xi Dac diem Iam viec Trinh Que Loan (2016) Nguyin Phu'ang Nam va Cao Viet Hieu (2018) HB Hoang Phiic (2015) II X2 Moi irirSng lam viec Trinh Que Loan (2016); Ho Hoang Phuc (2015) 111 X3 Quan he v(ii Nguygn Phuong Nam va Cao Viet dong nghiep Hieu (2018).Trmh Que Loan (2016) Ho Hoiing Phuc (2015) +/- Nguyen Phifdng Nam va Cao Viet Hieu (2018): Trinh Qu^Loan (2016); Ho Hoang Phuc (2015) ,- Nguyen Phu'dng Nam va Cao Viel Hie'u (2018); Trinh Que Loan (2016); Ho Hoang Phiic (2015) - Trinh Que Loan (2016); Nguyin Phu'dng Nam va Cao Viel Hieu (2018); Ho Hoang Phiic (20!5) +/- Trinh Que Loan (2016) NguySn Phurtng Nam va Cao Viet Hie'u (2018); Ho Hoang Phiic (2015) « IV V VI Co lioi Ihang X4 X5 X6 Y Thu nhap Quan he vHi Sir gan bo cua ngu'di Iao dSng *'- Mguon Mhom tac qia tong hnp Hackman va Oldham (1974) da xay dffng md hinh nham xac dinh each thie't ke'cdng viec cho ngffdi lao ddng cd dffdc dgng lffc lam viec tff ben ho, cung nhff tao dffdc sff thda man cdng viec ndi chung va tao dffde hieu qua cong viec td't nhS't De xSy dffng dffdc thie't ke' eong viec nhff the', theo hai nha nghien Cliff nay, cdng viec trffdc bet phai sff dung nhieu ky nang khac nhau, ngffdi nhan vien phai nam ro cdng viee tff dau de'n eud'i va cdng viee phai cd tam quan trgng nha't dmh Smith, KendaU va Hulm (1969) cua Trffdng Dai hge Cornell da xay dffng eac ehi sd' md ta cong vi^c (Job Descriptive Index - JDI) di danh gia mffc dp thoa man dd'i vdi cdng viec eua mdt ngffdi thdng qua nhan to' Dd la: Ban chat cdng viec; Cd hoi dao tao va thang tien; Lanh dao; Dong nghiep; Thu nhap Gia tri va tin_eay_ciia JDI dffOe danh gia ra't cao ca thffc tiln iSn ly thuyet Luddy (2005) da su" dung JDI de tim hid'u sff thda man cong viec cua ngffdi Iao ddng d vien y te'edng edng d Western Cape, Nam Phi Ke't qua nghien cffu eho tha'y ed nhan to' anh hffdng tdi sff thda man cua ngffdi lao ddng Dd la: Thu nhap; Thang tie'n; Sff giam sat eua cap tren; Dong nghiep; va Ban cha't edng viec Ho Hoang Phuc (2015) da thffc hien nghien cffu eac nhan td' anh hffdng de'n sff gan bo edng viec cua cdng ehffc, vien ehffc dd'i vdi cd quan nha nffdc d huyen Giong Rieng, tinh Kien Giang Ke't qua nghien cffu eho tha'y, ed nhan to' anh hffdng de'n sff gan bd vdi to chffc ciia cdng chffc, vien chffc, gom: (1) Quan he cdng viec (q"\^';,tf2)M6^ tren, quan he vdi dong ngmep;, ^ / trffdng lam viec; (3) Cdhd, tiiang ien, (4) Trinh dd chuyen mon va nang l^^J,^ nhan; (5) Cam nhan rni ro khi/h^y^" viee: (6) Cam nhan sff phat tnen tffdng lai Ciia td chffc Trinh Que'Loan (2016) da chira nhan td'anh hffdng de'n sff thoa man cong viec cua nhan vien tai hB thong KBNN Trk Vinh, g6m Thu nhap; Cap tren; Dao tao thang tie'n; Dong nghiep; Dac diem cdng viec; Dieu kien iam viee; va Phiic Idi Nsuyiii Phffdng Nam va Cao Viet Hie'u'(2018), da chi nhan to deu anh hffdng tich cffc va cd ^ nghTa thong k6 de'n mffc cam ket gin bd cua ngffdi Iao dgng vdi to chffc, bao g6m: Sff cdjig bang va nha't quan; Dao tao va phat trienj PhSn thffdng va sff cdng nhan; Hieu qua viec quye't dinh; Lam viec nhdm; Chap nhan nii ro; Giao tie'p to chffc; Sff gffdng mSu ciia lanh dao; Dinh hffdng va ke hoach tffdng lai Md hinh nghien cu'u Ke thffa nhffng nghien effu trffdc va nhffng yeu cau ca'p thie't, Einh hinh Ehffc tiln tai KBNN Kien Giang nhdm tae gia Iffa chon cac nhan to' anh hffdng de'n sff gan bd vdi td chffc, gom: Dac diem cong viec; Lffdng, phu cap va thffdng; Quan he ddng nghiep; Sff quan Earn cua lanh dao; Cd hgi dao tao va thang tien; Mdi trffdng va dieu kien lam viec Sff gan bd la bien phu thugc chiu sff tae dong ciia bien ddc lap la cac nhin to' tac dong de'n sff gan bd vdi td chffc cua ngffdi lao dpng vdi KBNN Kien Giang, sff thay ddi cua cac nhan td' theo chieu hffdng tdt hay xau se lam tang hoae giam mffc g^n bd cffa ngffdi lao ddng vdi td chffc Phffdng trinh hoi quy dl xuat cd dan'^' Trong dd: X^: bidu hien gia tri cua bien ddc 13D thff tff thff p tai quan sat thff i '^ ^k-he so'hoi quy rieng phan Cac bien md hinh dudr diln giai nhff Bang "^ ^'*^" De ed dff lieu nghien ci'rii t 2019, nhom tic g d t t a c S T u I " ' " tryc tiep 180 nhan vien d a KBNN F ' - " Giang.Saudo.stUdtangmohtahhgf"" la dll doan mtic cia ca"c h ' ^"^ thuockhibie-ttt^dcg.atridabStJ'' lap theo (Hoang Trgng Chu va Nguyin Mdng Ngpc, 2008) " B A N G : K E T Q O A P H A N TICH HOl Q O Y Kg't qua phSn tieh hoi quy tuye'n tinh Bang eho tha'y, he sd' xac dinh dieu ehinh R^ la 0,470, nghia la Sff gan bd cua ngffdi lao dgng dffdc giai thieh 47,0% bdi cac nh&n id' md hinh, edn 53,0% Ket qua d Bang eho tha'y, ed nhan td gdm: Quan he dong nghiep; Cd hdi thang tien; Thu nhap; va Quan hS cfi'p tren cd quan hd tuyen tinh va eiing chieu vdi sff gan bd cua ngffdi lao ddng dd'i vdi td ehffc tai KBNN Kien Giang Phffdng trinh hdi quy cd dang sau: SGB ^ 0,248 + 0,190*QHDN + 0,183'^CHTT+ 0,272*TN+0,325*QHCT Theo dd, cd the dffa cac nhan dinh sau: - Nhan to' Quan he ddng nghiep ed anh hffdng cung chieu vdi Sff gan bd eua ngffdi lao ddng dd'i vdi to ehffc tai KBNN Kien Giang Bang cho tha'y, mffc y nghia ciia nhan td' Quan he ddng nghidp md hinh hdi quy la 0,000 < 1%, he sd beta=0,178 Dieu cd nghTa la: trffdng hdp cac nhan td'khae khdng ddi, mdi trffdng lam viee tang them ddn vi, thi Sff gan bd ciia nhan vien tang them 0,190 ddn vi Nhff vay, mdi trffdng lam viec anh hffdng de'n 19% Sff gan bd cua nhan vien tai KBNN Kien Giang, vdi mffc y nghia 99% - Nhan td Cd hdi thang tie'n co anh hffdng ciing ehieu vdi Sff gan bd ciia ngffdi lao dgng ddi vdi td ehffc tai KBNN Kien Giang Bang eho tha'y, mffc y nghia eua nhan to' Cd hgi thang tie'n tno hinh hdi quy la 0,010 < 5%, he s5' beta=0,155 Dieu chffng td, ne'u eac nhan to'khae khdng ddi, tang nhan td'Cd hdi thang tig'n trung binh len ddn vi, thi Sff gan bd eua nhan vien tang len 0,183 ddn vi Nhff vay, Cd hdi thang tie'n anh hffdng den 18,3% Sff gan bo ciia nhan vien tai KBNN Kien Giang, vdi mffe y nghia 95% - Nhan to' Thu nhSp ed anh hffdng cung chieu vdi Sff gan bd ciia ngffdi lao dgng dd'i vdi td chffe tai KBNN Kien Giang Bang cho tha'y, Thu nhap rad hinh hdi quy la 0,000 < 1%, he sd' beta=0,253 Dieu chffng td, ng'u cac nhan td' khae khdng ddi, tang nhan td' Thu nhap trung binh len ddn vi, thi Sff gan bd tang len 0,253 ddn vi Nhff vay, Thu nh$p anh hffdng den 25,3% Sff gan ThSngke c$ng tuy^n H^sd'chifa He so' da chu^n hoa chuSn hoa KET QUA NGHIEN CLfu t B Std Error Sig Tolerance VIF Beta (Consiant) 0,241 0,346 0,697 0,487 Dac diem cong viec 0,040 0,048 0,053 0,834 0,405"'^ 0,738 1,354 Moi tru'dng lam viec -0,046 0,048 -0,056 -0,950 0,343"^ 0,840 1,190 Quan he dong nghiep 0,190 0,069 0,178 2.738 0.007* •I'* 0,704 1,420 Co hoi ihang tien 0,183 0,070 0,155 2,613 0,010*''' 0,841 1,189 Thu nhap 0,272 0,066 0,253 4,127 0,000*** 0,790 1,266 Quan he v6\ cap tren 0,32.^ 0.061 0,366 5,334 0,000*** 0,629 1,590 rSgu6n- Ke't qua bo cua nhan vien tai KBNN Kien Giang, vdi mffe y nghia 99% - NhSn to' "Quan he cap tren" cd anh hffdng cung ehieu vdi Sff gan bd eua ngffdi lao dgng dd'i vdi to chffc tai KBNN tinh Kien Giang Bang cho tha'y, nhan td' Quan he cap tren md hinh hdi quy la 0,000 < 1%, he so' beta=0,366 Dieu ehffng to, ne'u cae nhan td khac khdng ddi, tang nhan td' Quan he ca'p tren trung binh len ddn vi, Ehi Sff gan bd tang len 0,366 ddn vi Nhff vay, Thu nhap anh hffdng dd'n 36,6% Sff gan bd cua nhan vien tai KBNN Kien Giang, vdi mffc y nghia 99% HAM Y CHINH SACH Tff ke't qua nghien eifu, nhdm tac gia de xua't cac ham y chinh sach nham nang eao sff gan bd vdi to chffe eiia ngffdi lao ddng tai KBNN Kien Giang thdi gian tdi, nhff sau: Thu* nha't, nang cao sff gan bo ciia ngUcfi lao ddng bang vi^c tang cffcfng sif quan t§m cua ca'p tren - Xay dffng mdi trffdng lam viec than thien phat huy tinh than dan chu, dam bao eae quyen ldi chinh dang dffdc ndi len ehinh kie'n, tuyet dd'i tranh viec ap dat dffdi moi binh thffc Tao didu ki6n eho mgi nhan vien deu dffdc quyen tham gia ddng gdp dd'i vdi cac ehinh sach phat trien ciia ed quan nhSm phat huy tri tue tSp the, tao sff ddng thuan, ddng thdi the hien stf tdn trgng Qua do, nhan vien cam tha'y cd traeh nhiem hdn dd'i vdi sff phat trien cua cd quan - Phai thffc sff cdng minh khaeh quan, khoa hgc danh gia nhan vien, tao mdi trffdng lam viee edng b&ng, cdng khai minh bach mgi boat dong de xay dffng khd'i doan ket thd'ng nha't, mgi ngffdi nhan vien se xay dffng md'i quan he vdi nhau, vdi lanh dao b3ng niem tin va sff tdn trgng - Lanh dao phai bid't lang nghe va gop y, phe binh, hffdng dan nhan vien tren tinh than xay dffng de nhan 33 vien ed dinh hffdng dieu chinh va thay ddi theo hudng tieh cffe Thu" hai, nang cao sff gan bo cua ngffdi iao dpng thdng qua thu nhap Mud'n nang cao sff gan bd cua ngffdi Iao dong dd'i vdi td chffc thong qua thu nhap, thi trffdc tien can phai cai thien tien Iffdng cho hp Phai dam bao dffde eac nguyen tac: tra Iffdng theo cd che thi trffdng; tra iffdng theo vi tri cdng viec; tra Iffdng theo ket qua cdng viec Thffc tiln thu nhap cua ngffdi lao dong hign ndi chung, thu nhap tien Iffdng do'i vdi ngffdi lao ddng tai KBNN Kien Giang edn nhieu khd khan bdi phu thugc nhilu vao dieu kien kinh te' - xa hgi Cai cieh tign Iffdng, nang cao thu nhap eho ngffdi lao dgng ttong giai doan hien de thffc sff trd nhan td thtic d^y cdng chffc lam viec td't hdn la va'n de khdng de, can sff quan tam, tham gia cua ca he thd'ng chinh tri va cua Nha nffdc Thff ba, nang cao sff gSn bo cua ngfft(i lao dfing thong qua quan he ddng nghiep - Can tao sff ehia se, phd'i hdp nhip nhang, hieu qua cdng viec giffa nhffng ngffdi ddng nghiep - Tao ngn bau khdng eiia tap the lao dong ludn vui ve, doan ke't; Xay dffng tinh than tffdng than, tffdng ai, ddng nghiep giup dd cung tien bd edng viec va cude sdng; - Cdng doan KBNN Kien giang to ehffc phd'i hdp Doan Thanh nien; Ban Nff cdng; Ban vi sff tie'n bg eiia phu nff td chffe them cae chffdng trinh thi dua khen thffdng, nhff: sinh hoat chuyen de hang thang; cdng chffc gidi mdt viec, bie't nhieu viee; hdi thi sang tao, ehuyen mdn nghigp vu KBNN, chffdng trinh TAI LIEU THAM KHAO _ cam hoa, na'u an, ' -g gan bo cho thd' thao de tao md: ngu'di lao ddng Thu" tuT, ndng cao su' lao dgng thong qua ccf • Mhangtien Cd hgi Ehang tie'n cO , la nhan to co sff anh hffdng ldi ddng )^ c Iam viSc cua cdng chffc KBNN Kien ni,nne Be tao ddng lffc cho cdng chffe, tlii cdng t^c quy hoach, de bat, bd nhiem can bd cung la mdt Erong nhffng nhan td'quan trgng bdi nd Eao dich den '0 trinh lam viec va phan da'u cua cdng chffc KBNN Kien Giang can tao cho eae can bd, cdng chffc nhu'ng c