Nhan to anh hu'dng den dong lu'c lam viec cua can bo, cong chiJc tai UBND quan Binh Thuy, TP Can Thtf NGOYfiM KIM PHCrdMG' BCII VAM TRIMH" Torn tat Nghiin cffu nham phdn tich cdc nhdn td dnh hudng den dong lite Idm viic cua cdn bg, cong chffc (CBCC) lgi UBND qudn Binh Thuy, TP Cdn Tho Thdng qua khdo sdt 158 CBCC UBND qudn Binh Thuy, nghiin cffu da xdc dinh dugc nhdn td cd arih hudng den dgng Iffc Idm viec cda CBCC, gdm: Hdp ddn cua chinh sdch; Cam ki't lgi ich cdng; Ldng nhdn tff; Su tgn ti^y; Thu nhdp; vd Co hgi thdng tii'n Tff ki't qud nghiin cffu, tdc gid de xud't nhdm hdm y quan tri de tdng dgng luc ldm viic cho CBCC d UBND qudn Binh Thdy Tit khda: dgng Iffc ldm viec, cdn bd cdng chffc, UBND qudn Binh Thdy Summary The paper studies factors affecting work motivation of officials and civil servants in People's Committee of Binh Thuy district Can Tho city Based on a survey of 158 officials and civil servants, the authors identify 06 determinants which are Attraction of policy Commitment to the public interest Compassion Dedication Income Promotion opportunities From the finding, two group of managerial implications are proposed to increase motivation for these officials and civil servants Keywords: work motivation, officials, civil servants, People's Committee of Binh Thuy district GIOITHIEU Ddng Irfc lam vide cua ddi ngu CBCC cd vi tri quan trpng ddng Irfc chung cua da't nrfdc, gdp phin vao srf tang trffdng va pbat Iriln loan bp nen kmh te' - xa hdi Binh Thuy la quan ndi d ciia TP Can Thd, da va dang Ihrfc hien nghiem tuc vide tinh gian bg may gdp phin nang cao nang life quan Iy, theo chu trrfdng eiia cap trdn Dieu anh hrfdng khdng nhd de'n lam ly cua mdt sd'CBCC lam viec lai cae cdquan nha nrfdc Binh Thuy xae dinh muc tidu ehid'n Irfdc phdt trien la cdng nghidp hda, hidn dai hda loan dien D l lam dffdc dieu dd, can cd dinh hffdng khoa hgc va thrfe tidn cdng tac dao tao va phdt trien ngudn nhan Irfc va sd Iffdng CBCC phu hdp vdi yeu cau dd'i mdi mdt each loan didn, cu flie la giai phap tao dgng Irfc Iam viec eua CBCC dang Iam vide tai Quan Day la mdt nhffng dieu kidn tidn quye't gitip quan Binh Thuy thrfe hidn cdc muc tieu de CO S6 LY LUAN VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CLfU Cd sof ly luSn Ly thuyd't nhu clu ca'p bdc cua Maslovv' (nam 1943), chia nhu elu cua ngffdi ca'p bac tang ddn: sinh ly, an loan, xd hgi, trf trpng va tff the hien Sau mdt nhu clu nao dd da drfde thda man, thi nhu cau d cap bdc cao hdn kd' tie'p se xua'l hien Tff ly thuyd't nay, ta cd thd' tha'y nha quan ly can phai bie'l drfdc ngrfdi lao ddng cua minh dang d ca'p bac nhu eau nao de tff ddng vidn bang each dap rfng cdc nhu clu ca nhan dd cua hp Ngoai ra, nghien cu^i \e ddng Irfe lam vide ITnh vrfc ednt, mn hinh PSM (Public Service Motiva!' •ti'-cfc nhieu nha nghien cffu phdt in; ;-, ,1-,^ ^.^^g •OBHD quan Binh Thuy, TP Can Thd " PGS TS , Trrfdng Dai hgc Can Thd Ngdy nhdn bdi: 25/10/2019 Ngdy phdn bien- 10/11/2019; Ngiiy duyel dang: 18/11/2019 20 pham vi, md rpng hinh thai chinh tri, van hda cua nhieu qud'c gia, nhieu hpc gia ddt va'n d l md hinh PSM cd khde khdng, cd can phai xdy dffng mgt md hinh PSM phil hdp nha't Kim (2012) da de xud't rang, dgng cd dich vu cdng drfa trdn srf hy sinh bdn than va cd the rdi vao Ioai: cdng eu, dffa tren gid tri va nhan dang ddng cd Cac ddng cd cdng cu cd hen quan dd'n hanh vi, ddng life dffa trdn gid tri de'n gid tri va dao dffc va ede dpng cd xac dinh thdi dd Kieh thffdc cua ca'u true PSM dffde tinh chinh, nhrf: thu hut srf tham gia cua cdng chiing, cam ke't vdi eac gia tri cdng cdng, long trac In va sff hy sinh bdn thdn Cde md'i quan hd giffa PSM va kich thrfdc ciia nd cho tha'y hdp Iy hdn dinh nghia PSM la mdt ca'u tnic hinh Nghien effu phdt trid'n mgt bien phap PSM phu hpp hdn, nha't qudn hdn, ddng tin edy d l Iffdng dpng life Iam vide cua nhdn vidn ITnh vffe cdng dd la cac ddn vi hanh chinh sff nghidp Cde nhan td dffdc thu thap dff heu va kiem dinh tai 12 qud'c gia Md hinh va gia thuye't nghien ctfu Kd' thffa ede ke't qua nghidn cffu trffdc day, md hinh nghidn cffu dffpc nhdm tac gia de xud't vdi 06 nhan id' ddc lap nhrf Hinh, gdm: Sff ha'p dan cua chinh sdch; Cam ke't vi ldi ich cdng; Ldng nhan tff; Sff tan tuy; Thu nhdp; Cd hdi thang tie'n va bid'n phu thudc la Ddng Iffc lam viec cho CBCC quan Binh Thuy, TP Can Thd Cde gia thuyd't nghidn effu dffde de xua't nhrf Bang I Phtfdng phap nghidn ctfu Dd' cd so' lieu nghidn cffu, tde gia da thffc hidn khao sat tbanb cdng 158 CBCC cua UBND quan Binh Thuy Khao sat dffdc thrfe hidn Iff thang dd'n thang 09/2019 KET QUA NGHIEN CL/U VA THAO LUAN Kidm dinh thang Thong qua kd'l qua kiem dinh Cronbach's Alpha do'i veil tbanh phan "Ddng Iffc lam vide" cua CBCC loan bo cac bie'n deu dat yeu cau ve tin cay nhff Bang (a > 0,6 va he so' tffdng quan giffa bie'n - long > 0,3 (Hoang Trong va Chu Nguydn Mgng Ngoc, 2008)) PhSn tich nhan t6' kham pha (EFA) Kd't qua phan tich cho tha'y, he so' tai nhan to' (trpng so') cua cac bie'n deu ldn HIMH: MO HINH NGHIEN cUll Si/hSp d i n cua chlnh sich C a m k e t igi ich c o n g Dong lyc lam vi|c CBCC tai UBND quan Binh Thuy Thu nhap BANG 1: TONG H0P CAC GIA THdYET NGHIEN CCfd G i a thuyg't NhSnt3^dOcl$p P h a t bie^u Kj- v g n g H, Stf ha'p d a n chi'nh s a c h Str ha'p dSn cjhinh s a c h a n h hu'dng t h u a n c h i e u d e n d o n g li/c l a m v i e c M H, C a m k e l vl Itii ich c o n g C a m ke't vl l d i ich c o n g a n h hiidng t h u a n c h i e u de'n d o n g lu'c l a m v i e c '+) HJ L o n g n h a n id L o n g n h a n til a n h hu'dng t h u a n c h i e u dfin d g n g lu'c l a m v i e c (+) ^4 Su-tan Sif t i n luy a n h hu'dng t h u g n c h i l u de'n d o n g life l k m v i e c (+) H^ Thu n h a p T h u n h a p a n h hu'dng thuSn c h i e u d e n d o n g life l a r a v i e c (+) H^ Ctf hoi t h a n g tie'n C o h o i t h a n g t i e n a n h hu'dng t h u a n c h i e u d e n d o n g life l a m v i e c (+) B A N G 2: CRONBACH'S ALPHA CQA c A c K H A I NIEM NGHIEN CtfU TT Thang SS* big'n quan sat Cronbach's Alpha H ^ sd'ttftfngquan bi^'n tf^ng n h o nha't Stf ha'p d a n c u a chi'nh s a c h 0,831 C a m ke't Id: ich c o n g 0,895 0,554 L n g n h a n iff 0,782 0,510 Su'tan 0,763 0,.323 Thu nhap 0,869 0,652 Ctf h o i t h a n g tie'n 0,979 0,925 DQng life l a m v i c e 0,766 0,549 Tong cong 27 X X 0,632 hcfn 0,5, nen cac bien co y nghTa thffc lien (Bang 3) He so KMO = 0,732 > 0.5, nen phan tich EFA phu hop vdi dff lidu Thong kd Chi-Square cua kiem dinh Bartlett's dat gia In 3119,941 vdi mffe y ngbia Sig = 0,000 < 0,05 cho tiiay rang, cac bid'n quan sat tffdng quan vdi Phffdng sai trich dat 71,563% > 50% the hidn rang to rut trich giai thich dffdc 71,563% dff lieu Diem dffng Eigenvalue = 1,605 > I, thang dffdc cha'p nhan Nhff vay, thong qua phan tich EFA va kiem dinh Cronbach's Alpha, cd the ket luan rSng cac thang 21 BANG 3: KET QUA SAU PHEP XOAY MHAN VA DAT TEN N H A N TO Tr^ng % bie'n d^ng % phtftfng sai NhSn to Bie'n giai thich trich dat 20,1K8 X,-Cam ke't icfi ich cong CKLI5 0,888 20,188 CKLII 0,875 CKLI2 0,867 X,-C«yh6i thang ti&'n CKL13 0.850 CKL14 CHTT2 0,648 CHTT3 X,-Thu nhap CHTTl TN4 0,954 TN3 0.805 0,797 TN2 TNI X^-H&'p dan chinh siich HDCS3 HDCS4 X.-L6ngnhan tif X,-Stf t^ntuy 0,980 0.972 HDCSl HDCS2 LNT2 LNT3 LNTl LNT4 STT4 STTl STT2 STT3 0,910 0,773 0,845 15,252 35,440 12,011 47,450 10,078 57,528 7,349 64,877 6,686 71,563 0,785 0,783 0,747 0.845 0,764 0.726 0.711 0,771 0.765 0,742 0.730 B A N G 4: CAC THONG SO CUA TtfNG BIEN TROMG PHtfdNG TRINH H I QUY M& hinb (HiMigso) Cam ke't lOi ich cong C((hi">i ihanj! tie'n Thil nhap Ha'p dSn chinh sach Ldng nhan lit Su'ian H6sa' H&stf VIF Sig chifa chuan hda chuan hoa DO I^ch Beta P chuSn -0.882 0.330 0,008 0,054 0,144 0,013 1,114 0,135 0,048 0,102 0.069 1.053 0,087 0,065 0,388 0,358 0,000 1,227 0.047 0,247 0,000 1,207 0,193 0,045 0,275 0,000 1,163 0.214 0,072 0,183 0,002 1,113 0,230 rncjuon i^et qu.i nynr cuu ^Oiy bieu thi Dong Iffc lam vide va eac tbanh phan cua Ddng Iffc lam vide da dat gia tri hoi tu Hay ndi each khae, cae bie'n quan sat da dai dien dffde cho cac khat niem nghien cffu can phai Phan tich h6i quy De xac dinh tam quan trpng cac ydu to anh hu'dng dd'n "Dgng Iffc Iam vide" cua CBCC, ehung ta can eff vao he so' Bela Nd'u he so' Bela ctia I nhan to nao cang ldn, tht nhan lo dd ed anh hu'dng dd'n bid'n phti thuoc cang ldn 22 Kd't qua Bang cho tiiay- "'\"" 5"^ "Thu nhap" ed anh hffdng ldn nhal den bid'n phu thuoc, lid'p theo '"Long nhan tff", "Hap dan chinh sach" "Sff/an t^y va "Cam kd'l ldi ich cong" la ydu to anh hirdng nhd nha't Ngoai ra, thong qua phan tich phffdng sai ANOVA mdt chieu (Oneway ANOVA), cd the thay, khong co sff khac biet Irong vide cam nhSn mffc dd lac dpng cua eac nhan id' anh hffdng ddn "Dpng Iffc lam viec" eua CBCC phan theo cae dac diem nhan khau hoc, nhff: Nhdm luoi; Thu nhap; Tnnh chuyen mdn/hpc van Hay ndi each khac la Ddng lu'c lam viec giffa nhffng CBCC phan theo cac dac die'm tren la nhff KET LUAN VA HAM Y Kd'l qua nghidn cu'u eho thay, mffc anh hffdng cua cac nhan to den "Dong Iffe Iam vide" eua CBCC d UBND quan Bmh Thuy, TP Can Thd Nhin ehung, thffc Irang cam nhSn cae nhan to' lao "Dpng Iffc Iam vide" cua CBCC d mffe tffdng do'i thap VI vay, de cai thidn va nSng cao "Dpng Iffc liim vide" cua CBCC, Lanh dao can phai irie'n khai thffc hidn mot he tho'ng cac giai phap dong bp, cu thd' la: (i) Nhdm nhan to' vl quyin IgTi - Day manh eong tae thong tin, tuydn truyen, nang cao nhan thffc ve cai each chinh saeh lien Iffdng dong bd vdi doi mdi sap xd'p to chffc bp may cua hd thd'ng ehinh in tmh gpn, hoat dong hidu life, hieu qua; dd'i mdi he Ihd'ng to ehffe va quan ly, nang cao chat Iffdng va hidu qua boat dpng cua cae ddn vi sff nghidp cdng ISp - Nang cao nhSn thffc cua CBCC ve cdng lac tien Iffdng, thi dua khen thffdng va thffc hidn nguyen tac khen thffdng "ehinh xac, cdng khai, cdng bang, kip thdt" Cdng lac khen thu'dng, nang Iffdng, nang ngach can phai dan chu, cdng khai, minh bach, chu cae ca nhan iff yd'u kem, da nd lu'c pha'n dau khdng ngffng vffdn len cd tich id'i uii ddn vi - Thffc hidn id'l nha't ehd' dai ngp, lao dpng life nang cao ehai kfong, hieu qua edng vide, dao dffc i_(" :u ,iao dffe nghe nghiep, gdp phan ,a , sach va nang cao hieu Iffe com: vice Bieu dffdng, khen thffdng kip th;.i cho cac lao the', ca nhan cd IILII vua'i sac de tao khong tbi dua tror, ^uii "i (ii) Nhdm nhan t6' ve nghta vu va traeh nhi^m Nhdm nhan to' gom cac nhan Id': "Long nhan tff", "Sff ha'p din cua chinh sach", "Sff t|n tuy" va "Cam ke't Idi ich cdng vu" dSy cung la cac nhan td' tao "Ddng Iffc lam viec" cho CBCC Dac tnAig cua boat ddng edng vu la hoat ddng mang tlnh quyen Iffc nha nffdc cac CBCC lid'n hanh theo quy dinh cua phap luat nham ihifc hien cac ehffe nang, nhidm vu cua Nha nffdc, phue vu tdi ich nha nffdc vii xa hdi Dd' nang cao trach nhidm cdng vu dd'i vdi CBCC, tac gia dffa mdt so' giai phap, nhff sau: - UBND Quan tie'p luc d£y manh eae phong trao thi dua, CBCC tich ci^c phat huy sang kid'n, hid'n kd'de xay dffng va phat trien, nha't la chffdng trmh cai each hanh chinh, pbiic vu trffc tid'p cho nhan dan, bang sff nang ddng, sang tao, chu dpng doi mdi, cai each thu tuc, quy trinh hanh chinh lal ea cac khau, eae cdng vide hang eung nhl/ cac quy trinh nghidp vu Tff dd, khdng ngffng nang cao hidu qua chuydn mdn, giam bdt phien ha, khd khan eho ngffdi dan, ddng thdi phai khiem td'n, ren luydn va thffc hanh thai dp an can, hda nha, chu dao tid'p xuc, giai quyd't cdng vide cua ngffdi dan, chan lang nghe y kid'n ddng gdp eua nhan dan - Hoan thidn che' dp, ehinh sach dai ngp phiJ hdp vdi CBCC dffa trdn nguydn tac ve sff cdng bang giffa cd'ng hid'n va hffdng thu, giffa quyen Idi va trach nhiem Nham khuyd'n khich sff tan tam thffc hien cdng vu, khen thffdng thich dang ve vat chat va tinh than dd't vdi CBCC Iam vide td't, tan va sach - Hoan thien quy chd' cdng vu, dao dffc cdng vu thdng qua he thd'ng cae van ban quy pham phap luat cho tffng loai, tffng chffc danh cdng chffc Phat huy dan ehu tren cd sd nhffng quy dinh va chuan mffc dao dffc, tao dieu kidn de nhan dan tham gia xay dffng va giam sat hoat ddng cua ddi ngu CBCC - Tang cffdng cong tae tuydn truyen, giao dye cho dpi ngu CBCC, khdng ngffng tu dffdng, ren luydn dao dffc, tich cffc hpc tap nang cao tnnh dd, nang Iffc, ludn bam sat thffc lidn, bie'l van dung kie'n thffc vao thffe lien Dong thdi, tich luy kie'n thffc, kmh nghidm va ky nang edng tae, ren luyen ban lmh va nang Iffc lanh dao, quan ly, kha nang hdp tac, to chffc thffc hidn va sff chiu trach nhiem Dac bidt, ehu trpng md'i quan he mSt thie't giffa quy pham phap Iuat va cac quy pham dao dffc - Hoan thien ed che' quan Iy CBCC, tang cffdng hidu Iffc, hieu qua kiem tra, giam sal, ngan ngffa va xff pbat hanh vt vi pham nghTa vu cdng vu Phat huy vai trd giam sat cua nhan dan dd'i vdi CBCC va boat ddng edng vu, dam bao quydn dan chu cd sd de nhan dan ibifc hien quyen kiem Ira, giam sal boat ddng cdng vu Kien quye't xff ly nghidm mmh, kip thdi va cdng bang nhffng sai pham cua CBCC ed nhffng hanh VI gay nhung nhieu, phien ve thu tuc hanh chinh giai quyd't cdng viec cua edng dan Dac biet la cic trffdng hdp tai pham, cd to chffc, cd tinh tid't nghiem can phai dffpc xff ly kidn quyd't, nghiem minh, kip thdi va cdng bang nham gdp phan giao due, randeCBCC.a TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tran Kim Dung (2011) Qudn tri nguon nhdn Iffc, Nxb Tdng hdp TP Ho Chi Minh Dao Duy HuSn, Nguyin Tid'n bung, Vd Minh Sang (2014) Gido trinh Phuong phdp nghiin cffu kinh doanh, Nxb Dai hpc Can Thd Nguydn Dmh Tho (2014) Phuangphdp nghien cffu khoa hgc kinh doanh, Nxb Lao dpng Xa hpi Hoang Trpng va Chu Nguydn Mpng Ngoc (2008) Phdn tich dff lieu nghien cffu vdi SPSS tap I & tap 2, Nxb Hdng Dffc Tran Kim Dung va Nguydn Ngpc Lan Vy (2011) Thang ddng vien nhSn vidn, Tgp chi Phdt triin Kinh te, TrUdng Dgi hgc Kinh te TP Ho Chi Minh so' Nguydn Minh Hid'u va Nguydn Tri Khiem (2019) Nhan td'anh hu'dng den ddng Iffe lam vipe cua ngffdi lao ddng d Tap doan Dau - Chi nhanh Hau Giang, Tgp chi Khoa hgc & Phdt inen kinh li' Trudng Dai hoc Nam Can Tha, so' 5+6, 166-176 Huynh Thi Thu Sffdng (2017) Cac nhan td'anh hffdng de'n ddng Iffc lam vide cua cong ehffe tai Van phong Uy ban nhan dan phd' Ho Chi Minh", Tgp chi Cffu Long, so'05,29-39 Kim, S and Vandenabeele, W., al el (2012) Investigating the structure and meaning of public service motivation across populations: Developing an intemational instrument and addressing issues of measurement invariance, Joumal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23(1), 79-102 Maslow, A H (1943) A Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review, 50, 370-96 23 ... Binh Thuy, TP Can Thd Cde gia thuyd't nghidn effu dffde de xua't nhrf Bang I Phtfdng phap nghidn ctfu Dd' cd so' lieu nghidn cffu, tde gia da thffc hidn khao sat tbanb cdng 158 CBCC cua UBND quan... nghidn cu'u eho thay, mffc anh hffdng cua cac nhan to den "Dong Iffe Iam vide" eua CBCC d UBND quan Bmh Thuy, TP Can Thd Nhin ehung, thffc Irang cam nhSn cae nhan to' lao "Dpng Iffc Iam vide" cua... NGHIEN cUll Si/hSp d i n cua chlnh sich C a m k e t igi ich c o n g Dong lyc lam vi|c CBCC tai UBND quan Binh Thuy Thu nhap BANG 1: TONG H0P CAC GIA THdYET NGHIEN CCfd G i a thuyg't NhSnt3^dOcl$p