r lUSH TE VA qjCAX I T HHNH UI TIEU DUNE BiN UONG TIIONG UNH UlfC HN UONG CUR NGHIEN Cdu BO B U N H GDC NHOIIII BINH UIEN TREN fljR BHN HH NOI Pham T\ian Anh Dai hpc ThiroTig mai Email: phamtuananh@tmu.edu.vn Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lan Bai hoc Thirffng mai Email: ngoclannguyen691998@gmaU.com Nguvgn Thi Mv Hanh Dai hoc Thuffng mai Email: nguyenmyhanh2912@gmail.com Ngdy nhgn: 23/9/2019 Ngdy nhgn lgi: 21/11/2019 Ngdy duy^t dang: 26/11/2019 J 'ghiin cicu ndy nham ludng hdnh vi tiiu diing ben vimg cua nhdm sinh vien, sau khdm phd a hay khdng su khde biet Irong lisa chpn hdnh vi tiiu dung bin yicng giiea cdcnh&m sinh viin dang theo hoc tgi cdc truang dgi hgc tgi Hd Ndi, duac phdn theo cdc biin kiim sodl bao gdm gi&i tinh, ndm hpc vdn tdn gido, tinh trgng quan he, tinh trgng cu tni, chi tiiu trung binh Thdng qua phdn tich dd- lieu thu thap duo'c tic 791 sinh vien tic nhung hdnh vi thu&ng ngdy tiiu diing cho muc dich dn udng, kit qud nghiin cuu Idiong tim thdy bdng chung ve su khde biit tieu diing ben vibtg cho muc dich dn udng cm cdc nh&m sinh vien phdn theo gi&i tinh, nam hoc, tdn gido, tinh trgng cu tru vd muc chi tiiu trung binh, nhung cd su khac biit vi lua chon tieu diing bin vicng giiia cdc nhom sinh viin phdn theo tinh trgng quan hi gom- (i) ddc thdn, (ii) co nguai yiu vd (iii) da kit hon nhom sinh viin cd ngu&i yiu c& muc dp lua chon tiiu diing bin vicng dn uong cao han so v&i cdc sinh vien cdn ddc thdn, chua co ngu&i yiu Td' khda Tieu diing bin vicng sinh viin, nghiin cim so sdnh, an uong Gidi thigu nghign cii'u San xuat va tieu dung ben vung la muc tigu thii mudi hai mudi bay myc tieu phat trien ben viing cita Lien hgp qudc nam 2015 va lit van dg duge nhan manh "Dinh hudng chien luge phat trign bgn vung d Viet Nam" giai doan 2011-2020 Tuy nhien doi vdi ngudi tieu dung Viet Nam, tigu diing ben virng van cdn lit khai niem mdi la mac dii himii vi tieu dimg hitng ngity cila ho van ham chua yeu to tieu diing bgn viing va m6i nh6m ngudi lai COraptmiic dp bgn virng khac nhau, do ngudi tieu diing chua hieu duge tam quan trgng va tao dyng thdi quen tieu diing lanli manh Uong cupc sdng hang Tir thyc te do, nhom tac gia da thyc hien nghien cuu vg chii de "Do luang hdnh vi tiiu diing bin 20 khoa hoc thififng m a i ' vdiig ciia sinh vien khu vuc Hd Npi" vdi nhigu khia eanh khac nhu ket qua thdng ke md ta, phan tich nhan t6 khiim pha, phan tieh khang djnh nhan to, phan tich tucmg quan, phan tich bang mo hinh cau tnic tuyen tinh, Tuy nhien biti bao nity tap trung vito viec trinh bity ket qua nghien eiiu thQng kg mo ta, phuong sai mot yeu to va gia tri trung binh eua bien, nham khim pha su khac biet giiia cac nhom ngudi tieu dung khac duge phan theo bign nhin khau hpc de dua nhirng ham y chinh sAch phii hgp De tiii nghien ciiu la tai heu eo gia tri tham khao cho cac nhit nghign ciiu, cae nhit ho^ch dinh chinh sach va cac nha giao dye viec can thiep hinh vk djnh hudng thyc hien hanh vi tigu dung bin viing cua gidi tre ndi rieng va ngudi tigu ddng noi chung So 136/2019 •— KDRH Tfe' vA ^M rt Tong quan nghiSn cuu Trung tam nghien ciiu vit phat frien toan cau GDRC (The Global Development Research Center) da dua djnh nghia day dii ve tieu dimg ben virng Theo do, muc tieu ma tieu dung bin vimg hudng tdi la han che cac tac dpng den moi trudng, cdng bang xa hgi vit phat frien kinh tg frong viec dap irng nhu cau CO ban ciia ngudi Nhung ngudi co sy khae biet vl gidi tinh, ton giao, tuoi, tlnh frang m6i quan he, nai d, co nhSn thiie khae nhau, nhu cau khac nhau, do moi quan tam cita hp tdi cac van dl vl moi tnidng va kinh te - xa hpi co thg khdng giong Mdt sd nha nghign ciiu hien hanh da chi sy khac biet frong m6i quan tiim tdi mdi trudng va cac van de xa hgi d nhimg nhom ngudi co sy khiic biet ve gidi tinh, tdn giao, tudi, tinh frang cu trii, tinh Uang mdi quan he vimg han vi cham sdc thign nhien tuong duong vdi viec cham sdc Thien Chiia, so vdi cac dn dl ton giao phuang Tay, hp tin ring thi gidi chi la nai tam thdi Uen dudng den cupc sing thien dudng (Elizabeth Minton, 2013)._ Nghign cuu cua Ehzabeth Minton t|p trung cy the vao eac giao phai Kito giao c6 sin dir lieu vdi du miu va ket quit thu duge cho thiy rang ngudi tieu dung phi ton giao tham gia vao cac hoat ddng tigu diing bin vung hon so vdi ngudi tieu dimg tulntheo giao phai Kit6 giao Dp tudi Trong nghien cihi ciia Sonika Raj va cpng su (2009) d An Dp da chi ring sinh vien tir 17-19 tu6i cd tong digm frung binh cao nhSt vg dau chan sinh thiii so vdi nhimg ngudi d dp tuoi cao hon Nhiing phat hien nity Uai ngugc vdi nghien ciiu cua Solar d Philippines vao nam 2010 va 2011 Ugn raau la 100 sinh vien dai hgc vit mpt ISn nira trgn 200 sinh Gi&i tinh Cac biti nghien ciiu tign nghiem dii chi rang nii vien, vit ngudi ta thiy rang diu chan sinh thai khong gidi CO xu hudng quan tam den mdi trudng hon nam CO mdi tuong quan vdi tudi gidi (Blocker va Eckberg, 1997; Hunter, et al., 2004; Tinh trgng cu tru Lee, 2009) Nhung frong mpt nghign ciiu d Trung Da s6 cac nghien cicu hien hanh deu chi rang Quoc lai tiet 16 rang phu nu it quan tam dgn mdi hp gia dinh co quy mo cimg Idn thi cang it gay tac tnrdng hem nam gidi (Shen va Saijo, 2008) Tuy ddng dgn m6i trudng th6ng qua viec giam tieu thu nhien nhiing phat hien lai Uai ngugc vdi nghign Theo ket qua nghien cuu Lukas Kala (2015) va cua ciiu cita (Sonika Raj va cpng sy, 2012), noi diiu chan Williams (2005), nhung ngudi song mpt minli c6 sinh thai doi vdi nam vit nir khong khiic ddi vdi muc tieu thu diSn nang nhigu hon cac hp gia dinh co bat ky thimh phan nao bon phan: thyc nhigu ngudi Dong thdi Lukas Kala cung chi mpt pham, di ddng, noi tni an, hang hda va dich vu Mdt bg phan ngudi song dpc than vdi khoi lucmg c6ng so nghien ciiu cung khdng tim diay sy khac biet frong viec Idn, sing d cac trung tiim va kh6ng hanh vi moi trudng dya tren gidi tinh (Chen va Chai, cd xe rigng co loi song than thien vdi moi trudng 2010), phat hien cita (Solar, 2011) cung cho thay nam hon bing viec giam tigu thy doi vdi cac hang hoa va va nii cd nhu cau tuong tu ve tai nguyen thien nhign nang lupng vi hp danh phan Idn thdi gian cho cdng viec va cac hoat dpng ben ngoai nen se giam duge Ton gido Mpt nhiing hpc giit tdn giao sdm nhat da lugng dgu thy Ngoai ra, Royva cpng sy (2001) cung dl cap dgn su sut giam vg dau chan smh thai xae dinh mpt so khac biet khac giiia hpc thuygt ton giao phuang Tay (vi dy: Kitd giao va Kinh cua m6i ngudi quy mo ho gia dinli tang len, thanh, Do Thai giao va Ngii thu, Hdi giao va Thien nghTa la nhu ciu ciia mii ngudi ddi vdi thign nhien kinh Qur'an) va hpc thuygt tdn giao phuang Ddng se giam xu6ng, (vi du An DO giao va Vedas, Phiit giao va Tam tang Tinh trgng moi quan hi va Jataka) bao g6m cac quan diem khac vg tinh v l sy khac biet frong m6i quan tam dgn mdi ben vung (James, 1902/2004) Cac ton giao phuang trudng, Natalia Melgar vit cpng sy (2013) da chi Tay tin rang Thien Chiia tao thien nhign, cdn cac ring nhimg ngudi da ket h6n thudng quan tiim nhiiu t6n giao phuang Ddng lai co quan dilm ring Thien han din vin dl moi tnrdng va co nhiing hanh dpng Chiia la mot vdi thien nhien (James, 1902/2004, tich cyc din mdi trudng hon, hg co sy san sang cao Saue, 1995) Do do, nhimg sy phin biet cung hem viec tham gia cac hoat dpng xa hpi vii hp c§p ho frg ve mat ly thuyet rang cIc tin t6n giao cung quan tam hon den nhu cau cua nliiing ngudi phuang Ddng ngn tham gia vao cac tieu chi bgn khac va cac thg he tuong lai ~S6136/2019 khna hoc thifffng'mai ^ 21 f>"" • -—: ; r^ ^^JIVH TE YA ftUAJg l Y l " Nhin chung, cac biti nghien ciiu ve su khac biet comsumption behaviour - SCB (Geiger va cpng sy giiia cac nhom ngudi khac Uong su quan tam 2017) va Young Consumers's Sustainable consumpdoi vdl m6i frudng vit cac van dl xa hpi tuong doi tion behaviour - YCSCB (Fisher va cong sy 2017), ph6 bign, nhign su khac biet dd duge the hien ding thdi dya vao nghign ciiu dinh tinli va nghign hanh vi tigu dimg ben virng nhu the nito cdn ciiu so bd dii vdi dii tugng nghien cuu la cac ban tuang d6i han che Do dd, day se tiip tuc la mpt de tai sinh vien, nhom tac gia dl xuit mo huih nghien ciiu; Hinh Md hinh nghien Gi6i tinh Ton giao Lua chon mua ben viing (FP) Lua chpn tiet kiem va hieu qua (FF) Y thuc va hanh dgng bao ve moi tru'OTig (FE) Nam hoc van —\ Tinh trang quan he Hanh vi tieu dung ben viiTig chi tieu cho an uong (SCf) Tinh trang cxrtru Chi tieu trung binh Ngudn: Thiit ke nghien cicu cua nhdm tdc gid can duge nghign cim nham bo sung tligm nhirng nhan djnli va gia thuyetfronghanh vi tieu diing ben viing Cac nghien cuu ve tieu diing bgn virng tai Viet Nam da s6 tap frung chii yeu vito cac ygu t6 trudc himh vi ma chua ludng hanh vi tieu diing ben vicng mpt each cy the, dac biet la sy khiic giira cac nh6m phan theo bien nhan khau hpc Tren ca sd da xac dinli duge cac ygu t6 itnh hudng den lya chpn hanh vi tigu dung ben viing cua gidi Ue (sinh vien khu vue Ha Npi), nghign cdu va Uen hiuih so sanli tim sy khac biet giira cac nhom cua sau bign kiem soat bao gom: gidi tinh, t6n giao, siiili vien nam, noi d, tinh Uang quan hg, chi heu trung binh Mo hinh nghien cdu M6 hinh nghign cim cac yeu to anh hudng den hanh vi tieu dung ben viing cua sinh vign duac xay dyng tren ca sd tham khiio mo hinh Sustainable 22 •ttioa hoc thififtig'nial Vdi m6 hinh nghign ciru fren, cac gia thuygt nghign cuu bao gdm: HI: Co su khac biet co y nghia thing ke vl gia trj tnmg binh cua SCf giiia cac nliom sinh vien phan theo Gidi tinh H2: Cd sy khac biet cd y nghia thong kg ve gia Uj trung binli cua SCf giira cac nhdm sinh vign phan theo Ton giao H3: Co sy khac biet co y nghia th5ng ke ve gia tri trung binh ciia SCf giira cac nhom sinh vien phan theo Nam hpc van H4: Co sy khac biet co y nghta thing kg ve gia Uj trung binh cua SCf giiia cac nhom sinh vien ph§n theo Tinli trang quan he H5: Co sy khac biet c6 y nghia thing ke vl gia tri trung binli cita SCf giira ciic nliom sinh vign phiin theo Tinh tr^ng cu tru H6: Co su khac biet cd y nghia thing kg vl gia =,^=^^^=^=^^^^= So 136/2019 KSSH T^' vA ^M ht in binh ciia SCf giiia cac nh6m sinh vien phan den cac tnrdng dai hpc tren dja ban Ha Npi dl phat theo Miic chi tieu frung binh ^ phieu vdi quy mo 1000 phiiu va thu vl duge 791 Thang cac bien dpc lap va bign phuc thupc phiiu hap le Bang cau hoi co 18 cau hoi giai quyit mo hhih nghign ciiu duge ma hda nhu dudi day: van dg vl thuc phim td qua frinh mua vao - su dyng Bang 1; Md hoa cdc thang IWa Diln giai chi tilt bien FPl Toi uu tien mua thuc pham co ngudn g6c ro ritng, chimg nhan sach/huu co FP2 Toi che bien cac mon an tic thuc pham tuai, song Lya chpn mua FP3 Toi cd chg dp an uong lanh manh (han che u6ng co con, ,.) bin vung FP4 Toi mang do nhit nu6i,tr6ng duac tir que Ign dg su dung FP5 Tdi mua ciic san pham co HSD vua dii (gan hgt HSD) vi gia giam FFl T6i una tien hon viec tu nau an FF2 T6i mua dii lugng thuc pham can thiet cho bua an dg tranh lang phi Lua chon tilt kiem FF3 Toi xii ly thuc pham tnrdc nau (ra dong, ) FF4 Toi de thiic an nguoi trudc bo vao tu lanh vii hieu quii FF5 Tdi de lai thiic an kliong an het biia va diing cho bira tiep theo FEl Tdi nau an theo each tiet kigm nang luong (gas, nudc, dien,,.,) Y thiec vit hanh FE2 Toi franh su dung d6 an san mit sau de lai rac thiti nhua dpng biio vg FE3 T6i su dung hop dung thay vi mitng boc thuc phlm/tui ni long moi trudng FE4 Toi phan loai riic thiti vd ca va htiu eo frudc dem viet SCf Toi mua thyc pham dam bito ve mat an toan va thnh dudng SCf Tdi lua chgn tigu diing tiet kiem vit hieu qua cho muc dich an uong Hitnh vi tigu dung ben viing an uong SCf T6i tigu diing co y thiic bao ve moi trudng cho myc dich an uong SCf T6i quan tam va hudng theo xu hudng tieu diing bin viing cho muc dich an uong Ngudn: Thiit ki nghiin cuu cda nhom tdc gid Nhom nhan to Phvong phap nghien ciru Du lieu nghien cuu duge thu thap bang ky thuat khao sat su dyng bang hoi ban ciu tnic Nhom nghign ciiu sii dyng ky thuat chpn mau phi ngau nhien thuan tien Dii lieu duge thu thap bang ca hai phuang phiip: (1) dilu tra true tiep va (2) dieu tra qua internet De danh gia so bp thang do, nhom nghien ciiu da phat 450 phiiu dilu tra tai Dai hpc Thuong mai, Dai hpc Cong nghiep, Dai hgc Bach Khoa, Hpc vien Tai chinh, Hpc vien Ngan hang Ket qua nhom da thu vl duge 387 phiiu dieu tra hgp le Sau danh gia so bp thang vdi 387 phiiu hpp le nity, nh6m tac gia da thiet kl lai bang cau hdi va dieu ya true tuyen qua internet duge thyc hipn thpng qua cong cu docsgoogle bang each j^hat trien mam CO mau (Nguyin Dinh Thp, 2011) kit hgp vdi viec So 136/2019 - tai su dyng Dir lieu duge phan tich thong ke m6 tit, hdi quy da biln va phuong sai mpt yeu to (Oneway ANOVA) Kit qua nghien cuu va thao luan 4.1 Phdn tich tliong ki mo td cdc biin nghien cuu Nghign cuu cho thiy miic chi tigu ben virng an uIng ciia sinh vien d muc thinh thoang vdi gia tri tnmg binh nim Uong khoang tir 2.5 dgn nho hon Trong do; Kit qua khiio sat cho thiy digmfrungbinh chung doi vdi nhan tl "Lya chpn mua ben viing" cua sinh vign d miic trung binh la (Mean = 3.55, SD _= 1.199) Trong chi tigu duge danh gia nhieu nhit la "Toi chi biln mon an tir thyc pham tuai, song" (Mean = 3,65, SD = 1.191) va danh gia thip nhit d chi tieu • khoa hoc thifdRB'mal ^ 23 KESH TE VA ^VAX ht Jang Thong ki md td cdc biin doc lap vd phu thupc hang mgc dn udng Gia tri trung binh (Mean) Sai so cliuan (S.E Mean) Trung vi (Median) Yeu vi (Mode) Dd lech chuan (Std.Deviation) FPl 3.53 0.046 1.297 FP2 3.65 0.042 1.191 FP3 3.60 0.042 1.178 FP4 3.41 0.040 3 1.130 FFl 3.72 0.041 1.153 FF2 3.84 0.040 1.135 FF3 3.84 0.039 1.096 FF4 3.82 0.040 1.128 FF5 3.61 0.041 1.158 FEl 2.70 0.051 1.436 FE2 2.56 0.048 1.352 FE3 2.76 0,044 3 1.241 FE4 2.99 0.049 3 1.377 SCfl 3.16 0.043 3 1.217 SCf2 3.70 0.037 4 1.051 SCO 3.42 0.050 1.403 SCf4 3.19 0.040 3 1.116 Ngudn: Ket qud xu ly dti lieu khdo sdt eua nhdm tdc gid I khia hoc thifdngmai ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^,^^^,„^^^^ So 136/2019 fiJQSra l € Tk Q H i K I X 'Toi mang dd nha nuoi, frong duge tir qug Ign dl su dung" (Mean = 3.41, SD= 1.130) Kit qua ddi vdi nhin to "Lya chpn tiet kiem va hi?u qua" cho thay digm tmng binh chung ciia sinh vign d miic kha cao lii (Mean = 3.766, SD = 1.134) Trong do, nhiing chi tigu duge danh gia nhieu nhit 1^ "T6i mua du lugng thyc pham can thiet cho biia an de Uanh lang phi", "T6i co gang xir ly thuc pham trudc nau (ra ddng, )" (Mean = 3.84) vit chi tigu duge danh gii thap nhat lit "Tdi de lai thirc an kh6ng an hgt biia va diing cho biia tigp theo" (Mean= 3.61, SD = 1.158) Kit qua doi vdi nhan td "Y thuc va hiinh dpng bao ve mdi trudng" cho thay diem trung binh chung ciia sinh vien la 2.75 (_SD = 1.3515) Trong chi tieu duge danh gia nhieu nhit la "Tdi phan loai rac thai vo ca va hiiu co frudc dem vut" (Mean = 2.99, SD = 1.377) va danh gia thip nhit d chi tieu 'Toi Uanh sir dyng an san ma sau dd dg lai rac thai nhya" (Mean = 2.56, SD = 1.352) Nghign ciru' ciing ghi nhan ket qua yeUfjtd'lua chpn mua ben vung vii yeu td su dyng tigt kiem va higu qua c6 khoang 396 sinh vien thyc hien d mirc dp khong bao gid, higm khi, thinh thoang hoac thudng xuyen; 395 sinh vien cdn Isii thuc hign d mdc thudng xuyen hoac ludn ludn (vdi trung vi = 4) Ygu to y thiic va himh dgng bao ve moi tnrdng cd khoang 396 smh vien thuc hien d miic dp khdng bao gid, hiem hoac thinh thoang; 395 sinh vign lai thyc hien d miic thinh thoang hoac thudng xuygn, luon lu6n (vdi trung vi = 3) Sinh vign chii yeu chi tieu ben viing cho viec mua thuc pham co ngudn goc ro rang, che biln mon an tir thyc pham tuai/sing, che dp an uong l^nh manh va sit dung thuc phim tiet kiem, hieu qua Hp ludn ludn cd thdi quen su dung an san khign cho vigc rac thai nhya thai cang nhieu 4.2 Phdn tich hdi quy Ket qua danh gia sa bg thang do, phan tich nhiin tl kham pha EFA, phin tich khang dinh nhan td CFA va m6 hinh ciu friic tuyen tinh cua hang muc an uong Nghign ciiu nity kg thiia cac ket qua phan tich nhan tl kham pha, phin tich khang djnh nhan tl va kSt qua md hinh cau tnic tuyen tinh cua bai nghien cihi: "Cac yiu to anh hudng den lya chgn tigu diing ben viing frong ITnh vuc an uIng: Nghign ciiu trudng hgp sinh vien cac tnrdng dai hpc tai khu vyc So 136/2019 Ha Npi", nhom tac gia thuc hign (9/20183/2019) Ket qua mo hinh hii quy tuyen tinh sau dit loai bd cac biln quan sat FP5, FP4, SCf4 kh6ng thoa man cae dilu kien chay kilm dinh Cronbach alpha, EFA, CFA Phuong trinh hii quy sau loai bd cac bign fren duge viit nhu sau: SCf= 0.465*FE + 0.267*FF + 0.208*FP 4.3, Phdn tich s^ khde biet giira cdc nhdm sinh vien ve tieu dung ben vung ITnh vuc dn uong Phin tich phuang sai mpt yiu td nhim kilm dinh su khac bigt giiia cac bien kigm soat bao gIm gidi tinh, sinh vien nam, tdn giao, tinh Uang, noi d, chi tieu trung binh Doi vdl cIc bign kiem soat gidi tinh, sinh vign nam, tdn giao, nai d, chi tieu trung binh dgu co gia tri Sig cua phan tich ANOVA Idn hon 0.5 nen cd the kit luan phuang sai giira cac nhom la khong khac Sy khdng khac biet giiia cite nhdm phan theo cac bien kiem soat ndi fren cd the duge ly giai nhu sau: D6ng thuan vdi kit qua nghien cdu ciia Sonika Raj va cOng su (2012), Chen va Chai (2010), Solar (2011), nghien ciiu kh6ng tim thay sy khac biet frong hanh vi tieu diing ben virng dua frgn gidi tuih Digu nly cd thi la phu nii cd nhieu nhu cau chi tigu hon nhu siim quin ao thdi frang, lam dep, cham soc sue khde, Chinh vi vay, hp tinh toan hon, can nhic ky hem, lua chpn lau hon frong vigc tieu dimg Hp cdn la nhiing ngudi ngi frg chinh frong gia dinh, vi thi dl bao ve siic khde cho minh va ngudi than ho se mua sam vl tieu diing san pham than thien vdi moi trudng Trong m6t bao cao tu Fidelity - tap doitn tai chinh hang dau t^i My, nii gidi cd xu hudng tigp nhan th6ng tin vii sy tu vin hi cIc chuyen gia tai chinh ban nam gidi (niirgidi: 55%; nam gidi: 44%) Dilu dd cd thi thiy hp rat can trgng vit suy nghT thiu suit vin dl trudc dua quyit dinh ca frong kmh doanh lin viec quan ly ngIn quy ciia mmh Ciing theo cac kit qua nghien ciiu, nii gidi thudng ti mi, cin frgng va ciu toan han nam gidi Dilm cpng Idn cho hoat dpng quan ly chi tieu thudng duge thiy d nu gidi hon lit thoi quen dg cac muc tieu tai chinh th6ng qua danh sach nhinig_ mdn hang cin mua ma hp het ke tnrdc mua sam Con doi vdi nam gidi, thilu kinh nghigm mua hang, thilu hiiu bilt vl mdn hang, nen hp phu thupc va tiep thu nhiing Idi khuyen ciia ngudi ban nhiiu hon nii gidi Nhung tam ly cua nam gidi thudng la da mua thi hhpa hoc "ihirdng mai ^ 25 KKSH TE VA QHAK IX Bang3 ,• Kit qua tdng hop ph in tich phieang sai mot yeuto ciia hgng muc dn udng STT Y I U to Cac nhdm quan sat Gia tri Sig cua S6 lu'ffng Gia trj Sig phan tich mau cua ciia thong ANOVA giira mdi nhom ke Levene cac nhdm 324 Nam NCr 467 184 Nam nhat 228 Nam hai Sinh vien Namba 297 nam Nam bon 68 14 Khac Dao Phat 57 23 Dao Tin Ianh 17 Ton giao Cong giao 24 Khac Khong 670 443 Tinh frang Ddc than Co nguoi yeu 336 mdi quan he Da kSt hon 12 C) cung gia 174 dinh/ngudi than Tinh frang tro mot minh 94 cu tni trg Cling ban be 433 90 ky tiic xa