^ ^ N G H l t N CCTU-PHATTRlgNLYLUAN TIEP TUC XAY D I / N G VA HOAN THIEN CO sd PHAP LUAT BAO DAM DAN CHU VIET NAM"" • TS TONG D C C T H A O • TS TRAN VAN THANG Hoc vien Chinh tri quoc gia Ho Chi Minh • Torn tdt: Bdn chu Id nhu cdu tdt yeu cua ngiidi xd hgi ngdy cdng phdt trien Trong hgc thuyet Mdc - Lenin, vdn de ddn chd ludn dtldc de cap vd phdn tich sdu sdc, la muc tieu quan trgng htidng den viic xdy dting mgt nen ddn chu day dd nhdt -ddn chu xa hgi chd nghia Cf ntidc ta, td ddt ntidc ddc lap, xdy dttng Nhd ntidc Viit Nam XHCN, Bdng vd Nhd nttdc ta ludn coi trgng phdt huy ddn chu vd xdy dting the che nhdm phdt huy quyen ldm chd cda nhdn ddn Bieu the Men tntdc hit d viic xdy dting vd hodn thiin cdsdphdp ludt thtic hiin ddn chudcd sd thdng qua viic ban hdnh nhieu ngfii quyet, chi thi cua Bdng vd Nhd ntidc, cdc vdn bdn phdp ludt cda Qudc hgi, cda Chinh phd, cdc bg, ngdnh chdc ndng ve ddn chu vd phdt huy quyen ldm chd cua nhdn ddn qua gdn 35 ndm doi mdi Bdi viet tap trung ldm rd sit cdn thiet xdy dttng vd hodn thiin cd sd phdp ludt ddm bdo ddn chdd Viet Nam hiin • Tdkhda: hodn thiin cdsdphdp ludt ddm bdo ddn chd; moi quan hi gida ddn chu vd phdp ludt M6i quan hf gi&a dan chu vk phap luat Thujtngudanchuradoivaokhoangthgky thii VII - VI TCN Theo danh gia ciaa Aristotle (384 - 322 TCN), thi Solon (khoang 638 - 559 TCN) la nguoi dau tien d4t nen ting cho nguyen ly dan chil Trong ni tuong cua minh, Solon mong muon xiy dung mpt nha nuoc tten co so mpt nen dan chu diong qua tuyen cii vi hoa nhap siic manh doi voi phap luat, phap lujt dong vai tro quanttongttongvi$c thuc thi quyln lam chu ciia nhan dan Dan chuttonglich sir nhan loai la mpt pham trii da nghla va co moi quan he gin bo v6i phip luat Trong bai viet nay, chiing toi tap trung xem xet thuat ngu dan chu khia canh la mpt chinh diS hien diuc - nfa din chii Nghla la • Bii vift li sin pham cua de tai cip Bp: "Giii quySt moi quan he giua thuc hinh dan chil vi tang cucmg phip chS, bio dim ky cucmg xa hpi Viet Nam diSu kien moi' TS NguySn Anh Tuin lim Chil nhiem, Hpc vien Chlnh tri quoc gia Hd Chl Minh li co quan Chu tri LYLUAN CHlNHTR!-So 9/2020 m Trong Cuong linh xay dung dat nudc ttong "dan chu" bao hamttongnd mgi khia canh vat chat va tinh than cua dan chii,tiikinh te, chmh thoi ky qua dp len chu nghta xa hpi (1991), Dang tri, xa hgi cho den van hda Nen dan chu ay chi ta chl rd: "Toan bp td chiic va boat ddng ciia he cd the dugc dam bao thuc hien va dat kdt qua thdng chinh tri nudc ta ttong giai doan mdi la cao nh^t thdng qua phap luat, dac bidt nhdm xay dung va tung budc hoan thien ndn dan dieu kien cua nha nudc phap quydn thi mdi chii xa hpi chii nghla, bao dam quyen luc thudc quan he ayttdnen khang khit hon bao gid hdt vd nhan dan Dan chu gdn hen vdi cdng bdng xa Trong giai doan hien nay, Dang, Nha nudc hdi phdi dugc thuc hienttongthuc td cugc sdng va nhan dan ta dang tidn hanh xay dung va tten tdt ca ede linh vuc chinh tri, kinh te, vdn hda, hoan thien mdt ndn dan chu mdi - nen dan chu xa hpi thdng qua boat dgng cua nha nudc dan xa hpi chu nghia Xet vl ban chat, dan chu cu vd bdng cde hinh thiic dan chu true tidp"'^* XHCN la quyen lam chu cua nhan dan Quan diem tiep tuc duge ghi nhan viec tham gia quan ly dat nudc ve moi mat, hay Cuong linh bd sung va phdt tridn nam 2011 Nhu vdy Dang ta da coi viec xay dung nen ndi each khdc la "quyen luc thuoc vi nhin dan" Chii tich Hd Chi Muih da khing dinh rd dan chu xa hpi chu nghla khdng chi la mpt ttong quan didm vd dan chuttongvide xay dung Nha nhiing npi dung the hien ban chat eua che dp xa nudc Viet Nam la: "Nudc ta la nudc dan chu hdi chu nghla ma edn la quy luat hinh thanh, Bao nhieu lgi ich deu vi din Bao nhieu quyen phat trien va tu hoan thien cua chinh he thdng han deu cua dan Cdng vide ddi mdi, xay dung chuih tri xd hdi chii nghla "Din chu vda li muc la trich nhiem cua din "'^' Ma truoc hdt, quyen tieu, viia li ddng luc cua cdng cudc ddi mdi, di phai dugc thi hien bdng phap luat, dugc linchunghiaxahgidnudcta".X\ia.tphittitv?d phap luat ghi nhan va bao ve Chinh nhd cd trd cua dan ehu Dang va Nhd nudc ta dd phap luat va thdng qua phap luat ma ngudi dan khdng ngung xdy dung va hoan thien co sd phap ndm duoc eac quydn han cung nhu nghla vu ludt de thue hien dan chii, phat huy tdi da quyen eua minh vide thuc hlen dan chu va tu lam chu eua nhan danttongxdy dung va bdo ve gidc thuc hien, tii dd dam bao cho xa hgi vira cd Td qudc Ddn chii vd phdp ludt ludn cd mdi quan he mat thiet vdi nhau, tao dilu kien eho dan ehii, vua cd ky cuong Tham nhuan chii phat trien Viec thuc hien dan chii phai nghia Mdc - Lenin va tu tudng Hd Chi Minh, dua vdo phap luat va thdng qua phdp luat Dang ta ludn di cao dan chii va khdng ngimg Ngugc lai, noi dung eua phdp luat phai hudng phdt huy dan ehiittongsudt qud trinh lanh dao tdi cde muctieudan ehu hay ndi cdeh khac, dan cdeh mang Viet Nam Ngay tii Dai hoi VI - Dai chu la thudc su tien bd cua phdp ludt Cdc hOi dautiendanh dau qud trinh ddi mdi Dang hoat dpng phdp luat nhu xdy dung, thuc hien, ta da xac dinh viec md rpng dan chii xa hdi chu bdo ve phap luat mudn dat dugc hieu qud cao nghia, phat huy quyen lam chii ciia nhdn dan thi can phai duattenca sd dan chii vatidnhanh la nguyen tde quan trpng hoat dpng ciia bang phuang thuc dan ehu Tuy nhien, de cd Ddng: "Trong toan bp boat dpng eiia minh, tiie dua nhiing phuang hudng vd giai phdp cu Ddng phai quan triet tu tuong "lay dan lam the nhdm hoan thien ca sd phap luat thue hien gdc", xay dung va phdt huy quyen lam chii ciia dan chu a Viet Nam, chiing ta can xem xet mdi nhan ddn lao dOng"'^' LYLUAN CHINHTRj-So 9/2020 m^ NGHIEN Cl7U - PHATTRIEN LV L U A N quan he cu the giiia phdp ludt va dan chu mdt phong kien phan tidn bd ehinh la bdi nd chi each ky ludng phue vu cho thieu so nhiing ke ap buc, bdc lot Phap luat ddi va phat trien thdng qua su Mue dieh cua phdp luat thue ddn huong den chi sdng tao ciia y thiic ngudi tten ca sd nhdn la tri su thdng tri, hgp phap hda \iec cha dap thiic ve cdc hien tuong phap ly tdn taittongddi Ien quyen tu do, dan chii cua nhdn dan ma thdi sdng xd hgi, tii dua nhiing quy tdc, chuan Chinh ban chat phi dan chu eua phap ludt thuc muc img xu chung eho cde chu thd, bao gdm cac dan da khien nd phai bi diet vongttongqud trinh cd nhan, cdng ddng va cac td chiic chinh tri xd xa hpitidnlen xay dung chd xd hdi mdi - xa hdi Trong quan he vdi dan chu, phdp ludt la su hpi xa hdi chii nghla cu thd hda eiia Hien phdp, nd huong ddn, dieu Khac vdi ndn dan chii dudi chd dp cu, n^n chinh viee thuc hien dan chu d nudc ta Ddng dan chu xa hdi ehii nghia ma phap luat nudc ta thdi, phap luat la phuangtienghi nhan va thuc ghi nhan vd eting co nhdm muc dich phuc vu hien nen ddn chu, la ca sd de td chiic cdc thidt eho da sd nhan lao dpng va duoc the hien tten che dan chti, cdc hinh thiie thue hien dan ehii tdt ca cac Unh vuc: kuih te, chinh tri, tu tirong, xa hpi Khdng the cd dan chu chung van hda, xa hpi Hien phdp dautienciia nuoc ta ehung, triiu tugng, ma ddn chii la cu the Nghla ban hanh nam 1946 ghi nhan: "Tdt ca cdng dan la, quydn lgi phai di Uln vdi nghla vu theo quy Viet Nam ddu ngang quyen vd mgi phuong dinh ciia phdp luat Tat ca quyen dan chu cua dien: kinh td, chinh tri, vdn hda"'^' Cu thd, tren nhan dan phai dugc cu the hda bdng phdp ludt linh vuc Amh ti: phdp luat ghi nhan quyen tu do, va duge hi$n thuc hdattongddi song xa hdi su ngang bdng ve ca hpi giira cdc chu thd san Ngugc lai, dan ehii 1^ la thuoc de danh gid xudt vd kinh doanh, cac phan kinh te sutienbp cua phdp luat vd cung la yeu td ca ban ttong xd hdi Cac don vi kinh tettongva ngoai nhdt dd so sdnh he thdng phap luat giiia cac nuac dugc hoat dOng theo eo ehd tu chu ttong qudc gia, cac chd dp chinh tn khde qua cac sdn xuat, kinh doanh va diu binh ddng trude thdi ky lich su Ndi ve van de nay, Chu tich Hd phdp luat Tren linh vuc chinh tri, phdp ludt tao Chi Minh timg so sanh: "Luat phap cu la y chi mgi dieu kien de nhan dan tham gia vao eac ciia thuc dan Phap, khdng phai la y chi ehung cdng vi$c chung cua Nha nudc vd xa hdi, tdt cd ciia toan thd nhdn ddn ta Ludt phap cii dat de quyen luc deu thudc vd nhan ddn, ddc biet Id giii ginttattu xd hditiiatnhungttattiiay chi cd quydn luc Nhd nuoc (quygn iing cu, bau cii) loi cho thue dan, phong kidn Luat phap dat Ben canh do, phap luat cung ghi nhdn cdc tiTjoc het de trimg tri, dp biic Tu ban ddt ludtquydn dan chii,tijdo ttong sinh boat chinh tri phdp dd trung tri cong nhan va ndng dan lao ciia ngudi ddn (quyln thdng tin va dugc thdng dpng"'*" Qua dd, Ngudi khdng dinh: Phdp luat tin), da d^ng hda cdc hinh thiic dan chii (ddn ciia chiing ta la "phap luat that su ddn chii vi nd chu dtii dien, ddn chu truetiep ),ttongdo ehu bdo ve quydn tu ddn chii rdng rai cho nhdn trgng den viee ddm bao vd thuc hien dan chu dan lao dpng"'^' Nhuvay, dau hieu de Ngudi so truetidpde nhan dan cd the tham gia ddng gop sdnh sg khde giua hai nin phdp ludt: phap y kien vao nhiing cdng viec chung ciia dat nudc luat thye dan va phap ludt xa hdi chu nghia Tren linh vuc tu tudng, vin boa • xa hgi, phap chinh la dan chii Sa di phdp luat ciia thuc dan, ludt bdo vg quyen tu m tudng cua cdng ddn LYLUANCHlNHTRj-So 9/2020 m Ngudi ddn xem bdn guy ho^ch dugc niem yet cong khai tai tru sd UBND phudng Binh Tri T)dng B, TP Ho Chi Minh Anh: nhandan.com.vn gidi phdngtinhthdn vd phdt huy mpi kha ndng thuc hien va dam bao thuc hien Phdp ludt ghi ciia ngudi (phdp luat ghi n h ^ quyen nhan gjiia cdc cdng dan khdng nhiing cdng bdng ngudi, quyln ty tin ngudng, tdn giao, ghi vl quyln ma cdn binh ddng vl nghla vu vd ttdch nhan nguyen tdc edng dan dupe ldm nhirng tat nliiem Nhdn thiie ddy dii dupe tdm quan ttpng cua phap luat ddi vdi viec thuc hien dan chu va cd nhung ^ md phap luat khdng edm), Song song vdi vide ghi nhan quyln tu dan phat huy quyln lam chu ciia nhan dan nen chii ciia nhan ddn, phap luat cdn quy dinh chat tu Nghi quyet Dai hgi VI, Dang ta da khdng dinh: che, chinh xdc cde nhi?m vu va quyln hcin ciia "Quan ly dat nude bang phap luat chii khdng ehi cdc thidt chd quyln l\rc de bao ddm quyln dan bdng dao ly Phdp luat latiieche hda duong ldi, chii ciia nhdn dan Ddng thdi eiing tao ca che chii truong eua Dang, the hign y chi cua nhan bdo dam cho nhan dan thuc hi?n vi§c kiem tta, dan, phai dupe thuc hign thdng nhat ttong ca gidm sdt hoat dOng cua ca quan nha nuac, cac nuoc Tuan theo phap luat la chap hanh dudng t6 chiic xa h^i, cdc ca nhan dupettaoquyen luc ldi, ehii mrong cua Dang Quan ly bdng phap ludt Qua dd, phap ludt gdp phdn han che, ngdn chan doi hdi phai quan tam xdy dung phdp ludt Tiing tuihttanglam dung chiic quyln, ehuyen quyen, budc bd sung vd hoan thien he thdng phdp luat vi ph^un cdc quyen tu ddn chu ciia cae ehii dl dam bao cho bp may nha nudc dugc td chiic vd boat dpng theo phap ludt"'^ thd quyln lue ddi vdi nhan dan Nhu v^y, thdng qua cac chuan mue, quy pham Trong nha nuoc phap quyen XHCN, ddn chu phdp lu^t ma quyen ddn chu ciia nhan ddn dugc duoc bidu hien va thue hien dudi nhidu hinh LY LUAN CHfNH TR!-So 9/2020 EL N G H | £ N c t f u - PHATTRIEN LV L U A N tinie, phuang tien khdc Tuy nhien, hinh vi pham nhilu noi, tren nhieu iinh vyc; tg thiic phd bien nhat, hieu qua nhat hidn la quan heu, menh lenh, ciia quyln, tham nhiing, thdng qua phdp ludt vd hien thue hda bdng phap sdch nhilu, gay phien eho dan vdn dang phd luat Tinh chat dan chu se la thudc danh gia bien va nghiemttgngmd chiing ta chua ddy lui, su tien bg, phdt trien cila mgt nen phdp ludt ngdn chdn dugc Phuong chdm "dan bilt, dan Mgt nen phdp ludt chi dupe eoi la tidn bd bdn, dan ldm, dan kiemtta"ehua dugc cu thi nhiing gid tri dich thuc ciia dan chu duoc the hda va the chd hda ludt phdp, cham di hienttongcdc hoat dpng phap luat: tiihoEit dgng vao cude sdng"'^^ Theo dd,"khdu quanttgngvd lap phap den boat dpng hien thuc hda ludt phdp cdp bach truoc mdt la phdt huy quyln lam chii Nghla la qua tiinh lap phdp phai dugetidnhanh ciia nhan dan a ea s6, Id noi truetidpthuc hien bdng phuang thiie ddn chu, huy dpng su tham mgi chu truong, chinh sdch ciia Dang va Nhd gia tich cue, chii ddng cua nguoi dan vao boat nuac Id noi can thuc hien quyln Iam ehu ciia dgng Dan chu ciing ddi hoi xdy dung he nhdn dan mdt cdch true tilp vd rpng rdi nhat thdng chinh sach vd phdp ludt edn xdc dinh rd Mudn vay, Nha nuac can ban hdnh Quy ehg quyln han vd nghia vu cua cdng dan Ddng thdi, Dan chu d ca so cd tinh phap ly, yeu cdu mpi phap luat dugc phd bien cudc sdng, ngudi, mpi td chiic d ca sa deu phai nghiem thdng qua su phdn dnh tii ca sd, phdp luat dan chinh thue hign"'"" dan cd su dieu chmh cho phu hgp vdi y chi va Vide ban hdnh Chi thi 30 eiia Ddng nhdm myc nguyen vpng ciia nhdn dan Phai lam de tieutidptuc md rOng dan chu xa hpi ehii nghia phap luat nudc ta thd hien day dii y chl va d nudc ta, phat huy quyln lam chii cua nhdn dan nguyen vgng cua eac tang Idp nhan dan Dd Id ttong xay dung va quan iy Nha nuoc, thuc hi0n dudng nhat va hieu qud nhat de nhiing tdt phuong chdm "Ding lanh dao, Nhi nudc quy tdc, chuan muc phdp ludt duoc hien thuc quan ly, nhin din lam chu" Chi thi da neu rd hda mdt each sdng ddng ddi sdng, hinh nhigm vu quan ttpng vd cap bdch trudc mdt Id vdn hda phdp lyttongxa hdi Dang ta da phdi phat huy quyin lim chu cua nhan dan & nhan manh: dieu quan ttgng de phdt huy ddn cap casd: Bdi 1^ ca sa chinh la nin tdng, la t^bao chii la phai xay dimg va hoan thien he thdng tao dung nen mpt xa hpi nhdt dinh Dd la dia ban phdp ludt, tdng eudng phdp che xd hpi chu sinh sdng eu the cua ngudi dan, la noi mgi ngudi nghia, nang cao dan tri, trinh hieu biet phdp lao ddng, san xuat tao eua cai vdt chdt va tinh ludt ciia ngudi dan Ddng thdi "mgi dudng ldi, than ciia xa hdi Co sa chinh la thye tien cuOe chinh sdch eua Dang vd phdp luat ciia Nhd nudc sdng, vi vdy, nd vira Id diem xudt phat cua mgi deu vi Ipi ich ciia nhan dan cd sutiiamgia y kiln chu truang, dudng ldi ctia Ddng, chinh sach, ciia nhan dan"'^' phap ludt ciia Nha nudc, vira Id noi triln khai Ngdy 18-2-1998 Bd Chinh m (khda VIII) da Chi tiii sd 30-CT/TW Vexiy dung vi thuc hien (^uycMDan chii d-casd' Day la ldn ddu tien Ddng ta cd mOt vdn ban neng ve van de Bp Chinh tri chl rd phdi ban hanh Chi thi Id vi: "quyln lam chu ciia nhan dan cdn hi L Y L U A N C H I N H T R I - S O 9/2020 thuc hien, kilm dinh va bd sung, phat triln dudng Idi, chinh saeh ciia Ddng vd Nha nuoc Do dd, thuc hien ddn chii d ca so se dem lai quyln ddn chii true tilp cho ngudi dan Ddy vira la dilu ki?n, vira la tiln dl dl xdy dyng nin dan chii xa hgi chu nghia JI Dltiiuehien Chitiii30-CT/TW ciia Bd Chinh khdi dai doan kit todn dan, tao khdng ehan tii, Oy ban Thudng vg Qudc hOi (khda X) da banhda, eda mo ttong cdng ddng, gdp phdn tao su hanh cdc nghi quylt sd 45/1998, sd 55/1998 va dn dinh chinh tri, xa hpi sd 60/1998 giao cho Chinh phd ban hanh cac Xay dung va thuc hien Quy chl dan chu ca sa nghi dinh vl thuc hidn Quy chl Dan chu d loai ciing dd gdp phan tae ddngtichcue tdi viec cung hmh CO so Chinh phu dd ban hanh nghi dinh ed, ddi mdi, nang cao chdt lupng eiia he thdng bd sung va cu the hda van dl la: Nghi dinh chinh tii d ca so, xdy dung, chuih ddn Ddng va sd29/199BND-CP Quy chi thuc hidn Din chdd thiic day viee ddi mdi phuong thifc ldnh dgo ciia xd (ngay 11-5-1998); Nghi djnh sd 71/1998/ND- Ddng, xay dung ehinh quyen ttong saeh, viing CP Quy chi thuc hign Dan chu trongho^tddngmanh Ben eanh dd, thuc hien quy chl cung cda cic coquan (ngay 8-9-1998); va Nghi dinh thiic day cdi cdch thu tuc hanh chinh, caitilnsu sd07/I999/ND-CP Quy chi th\ic hign Dan chu chi dao, qudn ly, dilu hanh cua chinh quyln, a doanh nghigp nha nudc (ngay 13-2-1999) lam chuyin bien tdc phong cdng tdc ciia can bd, Triln khai Chi thi 30, cdc Ban chi d£io thgc hign dang vien, cdng ehiic; ddi mdi phuong thiic, ngi Quy ehe Ddn ehu tii Trung uong din ca sd da dung boat dpng ciia ca he thong ehinh tri theo dugc thdnh lap Ngdy 2B-3-2002, Ban Bi thu hudng "trgng dan gan dan, hiiu din, hgc dan Trung uong Dang (khda DO dd Chi thi sd 10- vi cd trich niiiem vdi dan" CT/TW vl Tiip tuc diy manh vide xiy dung vi Tuy nhidn, so vdi ylu cau ciia Chi thi 30, nhiing kdt quattongviec xay dung va thuc hien thuchien QuychiDin chd dcosd Cdtillndi, Chitiii30 ciia Bd Chinhtilla mdt Quy chl ddn chu co sd nhirng ndm qua cdn chua chii truong dung ddn, hpp ldng ddn cua Dang ta ddng diu vd vung chdc Tren thuc tl, khdng it Chi thi dupe ban hanh diing luc, dap iing su cdp dy dang, td chiie, chinh quyln, MdtttanTd mong dgi ciia nhan dan nen dupe todn ddn qudc va doan the nhdn dan chua ndm viing tinh hudng ling rgng rai, da nhanh chdng di vao cude than Chi thi ciia Ddng va cac nghi dinh ciia Nha sdng, dugc thi;c hignttendien rdng dhdu khdp nuac ve van dl Mdt sd bp, nganh, dodn till loai hinh ea sb (xa, phudng, thittdn;ea quan; trung uong cdn cham ban hanh cac vdn bdn chi doanh nghidp nha nudc) nhiing noi lam tot dao va huong dan viee thuc hien Quy chl dan vi$c xdy dung va thuc hien Quy chl ddn chii a ca chuttongHnh vuc, ngdnh, doan thi mmh Nhilu sd dd tao ndn su chuyen bien ddng kl vl nhan nai cdn tinh ttang "khoanttdng"viec xdy dung thiie ciia ede vienttonghe thdng chinh tri va thue hien quy ehe ddn chii ca sd cho ban chi ciing nhu ciia nhan dan vl dan chu, lam cho mpi dao, khdng cd su kilm tta thudng xuyen de cd chu tniong va gjai phdp ddng bo, thiet thuc nen ngudi quan tam vd tham gia thuc hien tdt viec viec thuc hien quy che dan chii ca so cdn mang phdt huy quyln lam chii cua nhan dan tu co sa ndng tinh hinhtiiuc.Tinhttangvi pham quyln Theo dd, cdc chu truang cua Dang vd Nhd nudc ldm chii ciia nhan dan van cdn nhieu, nhiing vl phdt triln kinh tl, vdn hda, xd hdi, bao ddm bilu hiin quan lieu, tham nhung,tieueye vdn an nmh - qudc phdng dirge nhan dan hiiu bilt dien kha phd biln a "mot bp phan khdng nhd rd, hdng hai tham gia gdp y kidn va thi dua thue edn bp, dang vien" Thuc trang dy neu khdng hign Phdn ldn ede vudng mdc giiia nhan ddn va duoc phat hien va dau ttanh ngdn ehan, khdc chinh quyln dugc hda giai gdp phan cung cd LY LUAN CHiNHTR!-S6 9/2020 Q^ NGHIEN curu - PHATTRIEN LY L U A N phuc kip thdi thi se ddn den hdu qua lam giam uong Ddng khda DC, Phdp lenh thuc biln ddn ldng tin, gdy bdt binhttongnhdn ddn chu xa, phudng, thi ttan Qua nang eao Truoc tinh hinh do, ngdy 20-4-2007, Liy ban nhan thiie cho cac edn bp, ddng vien va todn till Thudng vu Qudc hgi da ban hanh Phap lenh so nhan ddn vl van dl ddn chii va ma rdng dan chu 34/2007 PL-UBTVQH khda 11 ve Thuchien dan xd hdi ehu nghla a nude ta Ddc biet la mdi quan chu dxa, phudng, thi tran he chat che giiia dan ehii vdi phdp ludtttonggiai Cd thi ndi, truoc yeu cau ciia edng cudc ddi doan hien moi, cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda dat nuoc, hdi Thiihai, nang cao trinh dp ddn tri ndi ehung nhap kmh te qudc te, ban lue nao het chiing ta va nhiing kien thiic vl phdp ludt ndiriengeho phaitieptuc xdy dung va hoan thien ea sd phap nhan dan Hinh ldi sdng va vdn hda phdp luat thue biln ddn chu dcosd, ma rdng ddn chii ly cho ngirdi dan Bdi se khdng cd mot nin vdn hda phdp ly tiln bp, khdng cd mpt nen dan ehii ttong mgi linh vuc ciia ddi sdng xd hdi Phap lenh ve thye biln dan chii d xa, phudng, thye sy mattongxa hgi, nhan dan khdng cd thittanda vd dang dl vao cugc sdng, ehiia dyng thdi quen sdng va lam vile theo Hien phdp, nhiing gia tri ly luan, thyetidnsdu sde Phdp lenh phap ludt va thieu bilu bilt vl dan chii dugc ban hanh dd tao mdt ludng sinh mdi, Thu ba, edn xdy dung he thdng ehinh sdch va bdu khdng dan chu va y thiic dan chii, y thiic phdp ludt theo yeu cdu ddn ehii Xae dinh rd chap hanh phdp ludt cua ngudi dan dupe ndng quyln va nghia vu aia cdng dan ttong cdc Iinh len rd ret Tuy nhien, viec xdy dung va thuc hlen vuc khac cua ddi sdng xa hpi, ma trudc hit Phdp lenh dan chii d xa, phudng, thittdnla cdng la dan chuttongcac linh vuc kinh tl, chinh tri va vile ddi hoi phai dugetienhdnh thudng xuyen, tu tudng Xay dyng hg thdng phap lu?it hoan lau dai nhung ciing khdng kdm phdn edp thilt thiin, cd nhiing quy dinh chdt che ve chdng Igng ttong ddi sdng xd hgi nudc ta Do vay, tiep tuc quyln, ehdng tham nhiing ddi vdi cdc ed nhdn nghien eiiu, nit kinh nghiem vigc thuc hien, dupettaoquyln luc, tao long tinttongnhan ddn ndng cao gid tri phdp ly ciia Phdp lenh ve thuc ddi vdi Dang vd Nha nudc biln dan chii b loai hinh ca sd, qua mo rdng Thiitu, thuc hien Phip ldnh din chd dcosd mdt sd loai hinh ea sdkhdc la viec lam rdt cdn can cd sy phdi hpp ddng thoi, thdng nhdt ttong thietttonggiai doan hien boat ddng giiia Ddng, chinh quyen, MgtttilnTd Quan diem va giai phap xay dung va qudc va cdc doan thi nhan dan nhdmtieheye hoan thien cv stf phap luat dam bao dan chu xdy dyng he thdng chinh tri d ca sottongsach viing manh Tilp tyc dan chu hda cde boat dOng ff Vift Nam hien Thd nhat, cdntieptyc day manh cdng tac gido eua Nha nudc vd xd hOi, thu hut vd tao dieu ki§n due, tuyen ouyin cho cdc cdn bO chii ehdt ttong eho mpi ngudi, mgi tang ldp nhan dan tham gia eae ea quan Dang, Nha nudc MatttdnTd qudc vao edng viec chung ciia Dang, Nhd nuoc va xa va cdc td ehiic chinh tri - xd hdi va nhan dan vl hpi Tuy nhiln, vigc md rdng ddn chii phai di liln nhiing chii truong chi dao cua Dang, Nhd nuoc vdi phdp chl, vdi ttat ty xd hgi cdn thiet Cdn ve dan chu ndi chung va viec thye hien ddn chu dam bao nguyen tdc phdp chlttongtd ehiic va a ca so ndiriengnhu Chi thi so 30 ciia Bg Chinh boat ddng ciia tdt cd cdc ca quan nha nudc cdc tti khda VIII, Chi thi sd 10 cua Ban Bi thu Tnmg td chuc xd hdi va xii sy ciia cdng dan LYLUANCHINH TRI-569/2020 m ThU nim, de viec thuc hien dan chii ed hieu qud, cdn gdn vile xdy dyng va thuc hi§n dan ehu voi vigc thye hien eac nhiem vu chinh tri, phdt triln kinh te - xd hdi, xay dyng he thdng chinh tri, ddc bilt d cdp ea sd Cd ehinh sach dpng vien, khen thudng kip thai nhiing dia phuang, ca nhdn ldm tdt; ddng thdi giai quylt tdt moi quan h$ giiia ddn chii va k^ cuong, kien quylt xu ly nhung phdn tu lgi dung dan chii gay mdt doan kit nOi bp, gay rdi, vi pham phap luat va vl pham quyln lam chu ciia nhdn dan Day cilng la thdi dilm phu hgp d l nang cap Phap lenh sd 34 tiianh Lugt thuc hanh dan chii a c a sd Dilu se tao ca so phap ly viing chdc cho viec dam bao dan chii nuoc ta hign Thii siu, viec xay dyng va thye hien dan chu d CO sd d nudc ta da dugc thye tiln khdng dinh la mpt ehii truang diing ddn, tde ddng tich cue tdi nhilu mat ciia ddi sdng xd hdi, tryc tidp thiie day kiiih t l - xa hdi phdt triln, tdng eudng mdi quan he mat thilt giiia Ddng, Nhd nudc va Mdt ttgn Td qudc Viet Nam Tuy nhien, d l thye biln chii truang dd cang cd hieu qua hon, mang tinh ben viing va lau dai, ddi hoi phai cd su ldnh dgo, ehi dgo thudng xuyen cua cdc cdp iiy, su thye thi nghiem tiic cua chinh quyen, Mdt ttdn Td qudc va su tham gia tich cue, tu gidc ciia todn thi nhdn dan Thubiy, can tao mdi trudng xa hdi ldnh mgnh dl md rOng dan chii, tdng eudng phdp e h i thong qua viec xay dung vd eiing ed nhd nudc phap quyen va xa hdi ddn sy ttdn tiiyc te Dang ta nhan manh: "Xay dung mOt xd hdi dan chu, ttong cdn bg, ddng vien va cdng ehiie phdi thye sy la cdng bde ciia nhan ddn Xdc dmh cdc hinh tiiiic td ehirc va ed eo ehe d l nhan ddn thuc hien quyln dan chii tten cde liiih vyc kmh tl, chinh tri, vdn hda, xd hpi De eao ttach nhiem ciia cac td chiic Ddng, Nhd nuoc ddi vdi nhdn dan"" " Tdm lai, la mdt bd phan ciia hinh thdi y thtrc xd hpi, phap luat cd vai ttd quan ttpng ttong viee dieu chmh thdi do, hanh vi ciia nguoi ttong qua tiinh gjai quyet cac mdi quan he xa hgi ciing nhu thuc hien cac nhiem vu chinh tti ttong thye tiln Nd la mdt ttong nhiing ylu td bdo dam quyln ty dan ehu eua nhan dan, true tiep dilu ehinh, bd sung, hodn thien cac gia tri dan chii Dong thdi, thdng qua phap luat va bdng phdp lugt, quyen dan chu eiia nhdn dan dupe ghi nhan vd bao dam thye hien Do vdy, ttong giai doan hien nay, mudn phdt huy quyen lam ehii eua nhdn dan, d l nhan dan tu quyet dmh lay van menh eua mmh thi can phai phdp ludt hda cdc quyln ddn chii va viec thuc hien dan ehu phai dya ttin eo sa ciia phdp lugt Hay ndi each khac la can phai tilp tyc xdy dung va hodn thien CO s6 phap ludt thuc hien dan chu d nudc ta • (1) Hd Chi Minh: Toan f^p, t.5, Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia,HaNgi, 1996,tt.698 (2) DCSVN: Van kien Dai hgi dai biiu toan qudc lan £hu'W,NxbSutiigt.HaNgi, 1987,tt.29 (3) Cuong iinh xiy dung dat nudc thai ky qui len chii nghia xa hdi, Nxb Suthat,HaNgi, 1991, tt.l9 (4), (5) Hd Chi Minh - Nhi nudc va phap luat, Nxb Phdp Iy, Ha Ngi, 1985, tt.l85.187 (6) Hiin phap Vigt Nam qua cic thdiky Nxb TP Hd Chi Minh, 2005, tt.l5 (7) DCSVN; Van kien Dang Toan tap, t.47 Nxb Chinh tii qudc gia Ha Noi, 2006, tt.455 (8), (11) DCSVN: Van kien Dai hgi dai bieu toin qudc lan didX, Nxb Chinh tii qudc gia Ha Ngi 2006, tt.l25,125 (9), (10) Cic van kien cua Dang va Nhi nuoc vS Quy chi dan chu dcosd, Nid) Chinh tri qudc gia, Ha Ngi, 2004, tt.9,10 LfLUANCHlNHTRhSo 9/2020 ... ehung, triiu tugng, ma ddn chii la cu the Nghla ban hanh nam 1946 ghi nhan: "Tdt ca cdng dan la, quydn lgi phai di Uln vdi nghla vu theo quy Viet Nam ddu ngang quyen vd mgi phuong dinh ciia phdp luat... didm vd dan chuttongvide xay dung Nha nhiing npi dung the hien ban chat eua che dp xa nudc Viet Nam la: "Nudc ta la nudc dan chu hdi chu nghla ma edn la quy luat hinh thanh, Bao nhieu lgi ich... dan ehiittongsudt qud trinh lanh dao tdi cde muctieudan ehu hay ndi cdeh khac, dan cdeh mang Viet Nam Ngay tii Dai hoi VI - Dai chu la thudc su tien bd cua phdp ludt Cdc hOi dautiendanh dau qud