Ky niem 65 nam Cach mang Thang Tam (1945 - 2010) So 8/2010 NHi^NG ANG HUNG VAN BAT HU CUA NGl/OI NAM BO TRONG HUA THU LICH sH 1945 Gli^A DAT SAI GON NGUYEN LE THAO HA K hi ndi d i n miia Thu Ijeh su' nam 1945 24/8/1945, Bi thy xir uy Nam Ky (Tiln da lam nen mfet nirdc Viet Nam mdi Phong) Trin Van Giau keu ggi ddng bae ciing "vai nhCrng Ddc lap - Tw - Hanh Viet Minh dirng len gianh ehinh quyln tai rap Nguyen Van Hao Dem eung ngay, Ooan vien phiie"^ vilt hoa giCra t h l ky 20, khdng t h l Tdng cdng dean Nam Bg va Thanh nien Tiln khdng ndi d i n nhirng hap hiing khd Pheng chilm Dinh Kham sai, Dinh Ddc ly va quen d Sai Gdn ndi rieng va Nam Bd ndi hang loat cdng sd khae, dyng l l dai tai giae 16 ehung, Trong t h l sdi sue l y , ta nghe dyge Neredem - Blancsube (nay la Pham Ngpc nhCrng ban hiing ca vang vgng met thdi eua Thach va Le DuIn, sau Nha thd Dwc Ba) va nhu'ng ngydi dan phyong Nam treng nhu'ng cpt ghi danh sach Uy ban Hanh chanh lam ljch sir: khdi nghTa (25/8/1945), mirng thdi Nam Bp tai giap Id Bpnard dec lap (02/9/1945) ya _^_^_ ^ ,.„ Charner (nay la dyong Le Lgi dirng len khang chiln "Gi'nfB tiianh thiin bgch nh^ chung toi, Cy ban l&m thdi hanh Nguyin Hue) chong thyc dan Phap bao chdnh, nh&n danh toan thi quSc 13 gid, 25/8/1945, ve n i n ddc lap non tre Mn Nam B$, tuySn bS tru&c m$t khoang trieu ngudi mit tinh (23/9/1945) Sau 65 nam, hoin cau vd trwdc m^ to&n the tryde Dinh Ode iy Sai Gdn (nay dpc lai nhO'ng ang hiing quoc dan rang: Che dg Cgng hda la tru sd UBND Thanh phd H6 D&n chu lgp tgi Nam Bg van nam xira qua bac chi Vift Nam." Chi Minh), Chu tjch Uy ban xult ban d Sai Gdn treng Hanh chanh lam thdi Nam Bp LM kiu gfi cia Cki^UBBCOm thdi nhCrng thang 8/1945, NamSp, ngiy 2SMa94S (Bio sa Gdn) Trin Van Giau dpc Ldl keu goi chiing ta nhir cdn thiy gianh chinh quyln trirde m i t hinh anh hac 02/9/1945, hon trieu cua nhCrng ngydi ngydi dy mit tinh mirng dpc lap tren dudng dan Sai Gdn, Nam Bd dung manh hat vang: eCi) Dean ngudi Cpng Hda (du'dng Nprpdpm "dong Idng di! di! dl! sa gi than sdng" ^ quylt bi met s l tay siing Phap ban, gianh dpc lap cho dan tpc, ty cho nhan 10/9/1945, UB Hanh chanh lam thdi dan Nam Bp cai td Uy ban Nhan dan Nam Trudc hit, xin dilm lai nhCrng thdi dilm Bp (UBND), quan Anh yeu sach chilm lich sir ciia nhu'ng thang 8/1945 d Sai Nam Bd phu (Dinh Kham sai, la Bap tang Gon va Nam Bp cd lien quan: Thanh p h i Hd Chi Minh), 20/8/1945, Mat tran Viet Minh (Xd uy 13/9/1945, dai ta Cedile - dai dien Nam Ky Tiln Phong) cdng khai m i t tai rap quan dpi Phap d Sai Gdn, trep "cd tam tai" Nguyin Van Hao tryde Dinh Tean quyln cu (nay la Hpi trudng 23/8/1945, khdi nghTa cdng d Thing nhit), bj nhan dan phan doi bupe phai Tan An thee chi dao thi dilm eiia Xw uy Nam haed Ky (Tiln Phong) 12 Văn thư lưu trữ Việt Nam Ky niem 65 nam Cach mang T h i n g Tam (1945 2010) Sd / tuyen bo trwdc mat 22/9/1945, tu'ong Anh hoan ciu va trwdc Gracey (dai dien quan ddng Minh mat toan the qude d Sai Gdn) tha 1400 linh Phap bj dan : ehe cdng Nhat bit tir dao chinh 09/3/1945, hda dan chii da dwac trang bi vu d l lap 12 lap tai Nam Bd dai dpi tac chiln Viet Nam" thi khdng 23/9/1945, quan Phap nd t h l hilu hit ngirdi siing chilm tru sd UBND Nam Sai Gdn, dan Nam Bp Bp va cac cdng sd khac Sau nhCrng dien xin y kiln cua Trung irong, thang Tam Ijeh sir Xw uy, UBND va Uy ban Khang Chinh nhCrng tir ngCr chiln Nam Bp keu gpi nhan dan bai diin van tai dii'ng len chdng quan xam lirgc, cupe bilu tinh gianh cupe khang chiln chin nam gian , chinh quyln d Sai khd ciia nudc Viet Nam mdi Gdn nam xya giiip ta chinh thirc bit dau hilu dygc tai sae lai B§o Sii Gdn thing 8/1945 dSng tin ve Chinh treng bdi canh ljch sir giiinli chfnh quyin t^i Tp Sdi Gdn cd hinh anh dung ly, nhung ang van hao hiing lin manh eiia cua hon lugt ddi d l thyc hien met each L 50.000 nien Tiln Phong (met hinh thirc trpn ven sir menh ljch sir cua nd ciing ngydi mat tran vdi du mpi lira tudi, ting Idp, tdn dan Sai Gdn va Nam Bd kien cydng Cd t h l giap, dp bac sT Pham Ngpc Thach lam Huynh dilm lai nhCrng ang hiing van l y nhy sau: trydng ^), treng bull l l tuyen the l i n vao Van ban thip 1: Ldl keu goi gianh ehinh sang 18/8/1945, tai vu'dn Ong Thygng (nay la quyen tai eupc mit tinh trirde Dinh Ddc ly Sai edng vien Tae Dan) Sau Trang trydng Gon cua Chii tich Uy ban Hanh chanh laiji Huynh Van Tilng dpc Idi t h l : thdi Nam Bp Trin Van Giau, 25/8/1945: Chiing ta the trung vai to quid "Ddng bao! Quoc dan Chiing ta the trung vai nhan Hdm la ve vang nhit lieh dan! sir eua Nam Bd Viet Nam Giwa thien Chung ta the glw gin phim chit eao bach nhwt, chiing tdl, Uy ban lam thai hanh dep! chanh, nhan danh toan the quoe dan Nam Bd, T i t ea dean vien Thanh nien Tiln Pheng tuyen bo trwdc mat hoan ciu va trwac mat cd mat da ciing quy mpt chan, dya tay len va toan the quoc dan rang: Chi dd Cdng hda ddng leat hd 'Xin thi" vang dpi ca mpt gde trdi Dan chil lap tai Nam Bd Viet Nam Nam, Phai chang dd la dang ve chit phac, Chiing tdi tuyen bd khdng thwa nhan che dd dung manh cua Luc Van Tien danh cirdp eiru Nam trieu va cwang quyet chdng chi dd thwc ngirdi That diing tir t h l quylt chiln cua dan Khdng mdt ngoai bang nao ed the vien ly nhO'ng "nguui eiing kho" suit hon 80 gi de bae bd dwac dieu quyit dinh long nam nd le, bat dirng len quylt gianh dpc lap cua dong bao ta hoai bao lau nay: Nwac vdi khiu hieu vd ciing quylt liet: "Dpc lap hay Viet Nam hoan toan dde lap Thay mat eho la chef Tac gia cua khiu hieu ndi tilng Mat tran Viet Nam ddc lap dong minh miin chinh la Chu tjch Uy ban Hanh chanh lam thdi Nam, chiing tdi lanh trach nhiem nam giw Trin Van Giau va cung chinh la tae gia cua chinh quyen Nam Bd, de din trieu tap Ldl keu goi gianh chinh quyln d Sai Gdn ndi xong Quoe hdi, se giao lai cho dai bleu toan tren Dac biet, xet v l npi dung ciia Lai keu qudc" goi nay, van ban d i u tien cua Qua thyc, sau 65 nam, nlu khdng dyge nhu'ng ngydi cen d i t phyong Nam xa xdi, dpc nhCrng ddng van vdi tir ngu' rye lira, hien ngirdi dai dien ciia mdt nirdc Viet Nam mdi d ngang, bilu thi met hanh dpng cdng khai, Nam Bp da nhin manh hai y: chinh nghTa: "giira thien bach nhwt 13 Ky niem 65 nam Cach mang Thang Tam (1945 - 2010) "chi cdng hda dan chii' da dyge "thanh lap a Nam Bd Viet Nam"; "Nam Bd" dl lien vdi "Viet Nam" - Nam Bp la mpt phin lanh thd khdng t h l tach rdi cua nu'dc Viet Nam Dan chu Cpng hda, Phai chang dd la dilu co ban nhit ma ngirdi dan "luc tinh" muln xda di d i u I n cua mpt Nam Ky thudc dia - phin lanh thd cua Td qudc la met xir thupe Phap, khac vdi c h l dp bao hp d Trung Ky va Bac Ky v l ly thuylt thupe quyln quan ly eiiff Nam trilu, Dd la dilu sau nay, Hd Chu tjch cung nhin manh: "Nam Bd la mau eua mau Viet Nam, la thit eua thit Viet Nam Sdng cd the can, nui cd the mdn, song chan ly dd khdng bao gid thay doi So / 2010 "Ddng bao d day cd thira nhan mdt quan toan quyen cai tri xir ta khdng?" "Cd al chiu bd tay de cho ehi thwc dan - mat hay giiu mat - tra lai khdng?" Sau mdi cau hdi, ca trieu ngirdi tham dy d i u dong tra Idi: "Khdng! Khdng! Khdng!" Tilp dd, dng khing djnh: "ehiing ta thi chit (ehir) khdng nhwang bd trwdc bit eie mdt sw ham doa hay khieu khich nao" "Chiing ta the cwang quyit dirng ben canh chanh phil, chdng moi sw xam lang, diu chit cung cam Idng" Va bai diin van kit thiic bang Idi keu ggi: "Quoe dan hay sin sang chien diu!" "Dirng len! Ngay ddc u lap bat diu tirnayl" "Tien tdi, vi ddc lap, vi tw do, tiin tai mai! Khdng mdt luy nao ngan noi chi ciia mudn dan tren dirdng glal phdng!" Van ban thu' 2: Bai dien van irng khiu cd tinh chit tinh thi cua Chii tich Uy ban Hanh chanh lam thdi Nam Bd Trin Van Giau vao 02/9/1945, tai dydng Cpng Hda (dirdng Nprpdpm cu), sau Nha thd Dwc Ba, Khi Viec phat bilu eua ngudi hang trieu ddng bae Sai dirng d i u Ban td ehire bull l l Bio "Sii Gdn", thing 9/1945, Gdn tham dy mit tinh, chd la dilu nam ngpai dy kiln cua dang tin vi l§ dgc l$p 2/9 t^i nghe Hd Chii tich dpc Sai Gdn chuong trinh, Tuy irng khiu Tuyen ngdn dde lap d Ha nhu'ng bai diin van rit Npi qua sdng phat nhung d Sai Gdn lai hdri, hgp Idng ngirdi va ky dieu nhit la ngi khdng bit dugc tin hieu Vi t h l , dng Trin Van dung chinh cua bai diin van budi l l dec Giau dirge Ban t l chirc giae nhiem vu phat lap lai triing khdp vdi met sd npi dung bilu thay t h l , Ngay dd, GS Trin Van Giau chinh eua Tuyen ngdn dde lap 6wac Hd Chu chl kip gach vai y va dang dan vdi bai diin tjch dgc tai Ha Npi dii khdng dygc bilt tryde: van hit sire dae biet Trong Idi phat bilu Dan tdc Viet Nam ed quyen song ddc nhan dec lap, GS Trin Van Giau da lap, tw va sw that da trd mdt nirdc tw thay mat ngydi dan Sai Gdn, nhan dan Nam do, ddc lap; Bg ddng dac tuyen bo: Viet Nam da tw giai phdng bing eudc ehien diu ching phat xit ben canh ddng minh; "Viet Nam tw mdt xir thudc dia trd Khdng chip nhan sw dd hd eiia thwc mdt xir ddc lap" dan Phap dii a hinh thirc nao; "Viet Nam tw mdt di chi da trd Kien quyet bao ve din ciing nen ddc mdt nwac dan chu cdng hda." lap mdi gianh dwcrc.^ "Viet Nam dtrang tiin bwac tren Hdm sau, bai diin van dng khiu dd du'gc dwang sdng" h i u hit bao chi d Sai Gdn dang toan van, Cd Ngay sau dd, GS Trin Van Giau hdi t h l ndi, t i t ca nhCrng td ngu- diing bai nhu'ng ngirdi dy l l : phat bilu d i u t h l hien sy cu'ong quylt, y ehi 14 Ky niem 65 nam Cach mang Thang Tam (1945 - 2010) Sd / 2010 (25/8/1945) xa than vi dpc lap cua dan tpc, vi ty cua va l l dec lap ^istpn&'^kiiiim'MiiJ&Mk nhan dan Dieu dd phai chang da an sau vae (02/9/1945) mau thit cua ngu'di Sai Gdn, cua dan Nam Bp vdi khau hieu va toan t h l dan tpc Viet Nam, Ngudi t h l hien "Dpc lap hay bai phat bilu chi la mpt dai dien phat ngdn, ndi la chit" tilp len y chi va nguyen vpng cua hang trieu ngydi tuc dirge lly bing tinh each chat phac, khang khai cua lam chil d l nhu-ng ngirdi d i t phirong Nam, O mdt chinh nham gdc dp nao do, ngudi phat bilu da ITnh hdi keu ggi "tit ca xult sac y chi ciia ca met dan tdc, dong bao, gia, Nhung khac vdi dec lap tren ca tre, trai, gai, nudc, d Nam Bp, ngay 02/9/1945 tai Sai hay cim vu Gon, quan Phap da ban vap dpan bilu tinh xdng len mirng l l dpc lap, Tilp dd la nhCrng hanh dpng danh duoi gay han ciia quan Anh - Phap Vi t h l , quan xam 23/9/1945, Nam Bp bit d i u cupe khang chiln Iwac" Vi t h l , trudng ky Nam Bd lai di d i u ciru nirdc va lai loan bp CO nhirng ang hiing van bit hii vang len keu Idi keu gpi da toat len tinh thin quat khdi gpi mpi ting Idp nhan dan quylt chiln d l bae "quyit hy sinh din giot mau cuoi ciing di bao ve nin dpc lap non tre mdi gianh dirge, Trong ve ddc lap cua to quoc" nhim biin Sai Gdn nhu'ng d Nam Bg, cd 02 van ban ma met noi phdn hoa, hdn ngpc viln ddng chiing tdi muln ndi d i n Dd la nhCrng ang noi: "khdng dien nwac, khdng chg biia, khdng hiing van cua nhCrng ngudi chinh nghTa, cira han^' NhCrng ddng cudi ciing cua Idi keu nhCrng ngudi chu nhan thyc sy ciia mgt dit nudc dpc lap (du chi duge vai ngay), NhCrng gpi la nhCrng tir ngCr that dirt khpat, manh me, ang hiing van vu'a quylt liet: quylt liet lai vira lich "Tir gia phiit nay, nhiem « I'l llfljIllldllllU fi-Mlir Il4fj vu hang diu eiia ehiing ta la tieu sy, nhan dao khoan ill ^•iJiiiii diet giac Phap va tieu diet tay sal dung, phan rd phai ciia chiing" trai, dung sai; xac "Hay nim chat vu djnh ro rang tinh (f fcf i-»lHllt- Itf l*!lllJlliE tay, xdng len, danh duoi chinh nghTa, nghTa vu IRikiiiii^il UII thwc dan, eiru nwac" thieng lieng ciia hanh dpng chdng tra bgn Cd met khac biet treng cupe thyc dan xam lugc khang chiln chdng thyc dan Ph.gp D P la Ldi keu goi d Sai Gen so vdi cac noi khac nhan dan khang tren dit nirdc Viet Nam sau nay, chien va Thw girl dd la thai dp vira quylt liet nhirng nhO'ng ngwdl Phap a v i n lich sy ciia nhCrng ngirdi dan Sal Gdn eua Uy ban Sai Gdn va Nam Bp vdi nhCrng Khang chiln Nam ngudi Phap dang hien dien tai Sai Bd, Gdn liic biy gid Thay mat ngu'di dan Sai Gdn, Nam Bp, Chu tjch Sang 23/9/1945, Uy ban khang chiln Trin Van Ldi keu goi ciia Uy Giau da chuyin tai y chi ciia ban Khang chiln ngirdi dan khang chiln qua mdt Nam Bp du'gc phat thdng diep bing tilng Phap, Cd di Tilp theo t h l t h l ndi, t i t ea nhO'ng gi eua tinh hdng hyc ciia 'Gd/ nhin din Phip d Sii Gdn", thin van hda va nhan van cao ea gianh chinh quyln nhin ngiy 23/9/1945 "S^^TKTTEP^^SS 15 Ky niem 65 nam Cach mang Thang Tam (1945 - 2010) dirge hun diic tir van hda eiia dan tpc Viet, chit khing khai hao sang cua mien d i t phuong Nam va ca each hanh van "rit Tay" ma tac gia thira hu'dng tir nin giae due cua Nha nu'dc bao hp d i u cd ang hiing van nay, Ngay cau md d i u , mpt phpng thai ljch sy, dang hoang ciia ngirdi chu nhan dit nu'dc dugc t h l hien qua viee sii' dung eac dai tir nhan xirng ljch sy, trang trpng, diing vdi quy t i e giao tilp ngeai giao d l ndi ehuyen vdi nhirng ngirdi cd ly tri, bilt le phai: "quy vi va "chiing tdi Gipng van khac hoan tean vdi each hanh van cua Idi keu gpi dirng len gianh chinh quyln hay cam vu bao ve nin dde lap non tre Ngay sau dd la sy se sanh vd ciing chinh xac, sau sac nhyng rit ngin gpn, khiic chiit v l ban chit eiia cupe khang chiln ma ngudi dan Sai Gdn va Nam Bp dang tiln hanh vdi "cuoc khang chiin eua ngwdl Phap chdng lai Hit - le" Hang leat cae se sanh v l nghTa vu cua mpt ngudi dan vdi Td qudc eiia minh, v l hanh dpng chiln tranh d l bao ve Td qudc nhu: "Cung nhw quy vl, ehiing tdl cd quyen va nghTa vu phai bao ve, giai phdng To quoc cua chung tdi Cung nhw quy vi, chung tdi loai bd tat ca nhirng al toan diing vu Iwc de khuit phuc chiing tdi Dac biet, cupe chiln mpt mit mdt nay, birc thdng diep vin dua nhCrng khang dinh rit rd rang, nhan van va kien quylt: "Chiing tdl khdng phai la nhirng ke sat nhan chuyen nghiep" "Giit hit nhirng ngwai Phap" khdng phai la mue dich ciia chung tdi "Trwng thu tai san ciia ngoai kiiu" khdng cd chwang trinh ciia chiing tdi Ly don gian ma nhCrng ngydi dan Viet "ndp vdl giao mang tren vai la vi "giau ldng yeu nw&c" Vdi vu thd so, hp s i n sang dirng len chong lai xe tang, may bay quan thii vi "chinh nhirng ten cam diu phat xit ciia quy vi e l tinh muln dd hp Viet Nam mpt l i n nira Culi birc thu, Idi le vira chan tinh nhirng cung rit dirt khoat: "Hdi nhirng ngwdl Phap: Hay suy nghi Them bai hoc mdi chang dem lai loi ldc gi cho quy vi dau." Va kit thiic thdng diep bang viee danh thirc gia trj luong tri, Idng ty hae eua nhCrng ngudi da tirng lam nen mpt cupe dai each mang vdi nhCrng my tir Tw - Binh dang - 16 So 8/2010 Bac "Hai nhwng chau ciia cude Dai each mang Phap, cae anh chj se khdng chju' twde doat tw cua mdt dan tdc da gianh dwgc bang nhirng hy sinh to lan" Rd rang, birc thdng diep cua ngudi dan Sai Gdn, Nam Bp da dat nhCrng ke dang c l tinh ap dat ach thdng tri len met dan tpc khac vao nhCrng trang sir hao hiing cua chinh hp d l ly giai v l tinh chinh nghTa va chinh dang ma nhan dan Nam Bp va toan t h l ngudi dan Viet dang nhit t l dirng len bae ve dec lap dan toe da gianh dygc tir tay phat xit Nhat, Sau 65 nam, dgc lai nhCrng ang hiing van bit hu cua ngydi dan Sai Gdn, Nam Bg, ehiing ta eang ty hao khdng ehi bdi nhCrng chiln tieh tren chiln trudng, ma ty hao hon treng khdi lira eua chiln tranh vin vang len nhirng tilng ndi hae sang vdi Idi van mgc mac nhyng rit nhan van, dam chit tri tue, NhCrng ban hiing ca l y t h l hien rd net chit van hda - lich sir ciia nhCrng ngudi dan Viet d d i t trdi phuong Nam "mdt thud mang gwam di ma nwac" v l tu lieu, d l thyc hien bai vilt, met sd dilu kien khach quan, ehiing tdi chf cd t h l tim dygc nhCrng van ban ndi tren qua bao ehi xult ban tai Sai Gdn d thdi dilm dd (liru tru dydi dang Microfilm '') va cung cd t h l coi: day la tal lieu cd tin cay cao nhat hien cd vi each mang thang 8- 1945, vi le dde lap va Nam Bd khang chiin a Sal Gdn va Nam Bd ndi chung./ Sac lenh 49/SL cua Hd Chu tich quy dinh \/4 Quoc hieu tren cac loai van ban, giSy ta "Tiing goi nien" Luu Hiru Phwac, Hoang Mai Lwu To chwc nien hoat dong dwai sw lanh dao cua Xw uy Nam Ky (TiSn Phong), dai 01-6-1945, BS Pham Ngoc Thach to chwc theo goi y cua Ida, quyin Tong tnrang Thanh nien The thao Dong Dwang Day la Iwc luong nong cot cho khai nghia gianh chinh quyen a Sal Gon vao thang 8/1945 l^lcrofilm bao chi Miin Nam 1930 - 7945 Bao Sai Gon tw 19 - 27/12/1945 Phong twileu (bao chi) han chi Thw vien khoa hoc tdng hap Tp HCM ... khai, Nam Bp da nhin manh hai y: chinh nghTa: "giira thien bach nhwt 13 Ky niem 65 nam Cach mang Thang Tam (1945 - 2010) "chi cdng hda dan chii' da dyge "thanh lap a Nam Bd Viet Nam" ; "Nam Bd"... 09/3 /1945, hda dan chii da dwac trang bi vu d l lap 12 lap tai Nam Bd dai dpi tac chiln Viet Nam" thi khdng 23/9 /1945, quan Phap nd t h l hilu hit ngirdi siing chilm tru sd UBND Nam Sai Gdn, dan Nam. .. xir thupe Phap, khac vdi c h l dp bao hp d Trung Ky va Bac Ky v l ly thuylt thupe quyln quan ly eiiff Nam trilu, Dd la dilu sau nay, Hd Chu tjch cung nhin manh: "Nam Bd la mau eua mau Viet Nam,