The vietnamese diaspora in the u s

THE VIETNAMESE DIASPORA IN THE UNITED STATES PRESENTED BY: LE THI NGOC ANH NGUYEN MINH HIEP NGUYEN THI PHUONG THAO The 1st generation The 2nd generation Geographic distribution Performance in the new country (Vietnamese immigrants to the US) (U.S.-born with at least one Vietnamborn parent) OUTLI NE THE 1ST GENERATION (Vietnamese immigrants to the US) Between 1974 and 1977 • more than 200,000 Vietnamese were paroled into the United States Between 1978 and 2013 • approximately 588,000 Vietnamborn people were admitted to the United States as refugees Before 2000 • 72% of immigrants from Vietnam came to the United States, above the average for the U.S immigrant population overall (64%) During this time, to avoid political prosecution from the Northern Communist regime, most Vietnamese who used to work in the old government decided to flee the country THE 1ST GENERATION (Vietnamese immigrants to the US) The US immigrant population before 2000 Characteristics of the Vietnamese Diaspora in the US, 2009-13 Population Characteristics by Generation 28; 28.00% 72; 72.00% Vietnamese immigrants the others Vietnames Total US e populatio Diaspora n in the US First immigrant population 1,095,000 38,468,00 … that entered the US before 200 72% 64% … naturalized as US citizens 72% 44% THE 2ND GENERATION (U.S.-born with at least one Vietnam-born parent) The second-generation Vietnamese population consisted of approximately 689,000 U.S-born individuals with at least one Vietnam-born parent 73% of the 2nd-generation individuals reported having two Vietnam-born parents, the fourth-highest proportion with both parents born in the country of origin in the RAD analysis (after India, Bangladesh, and Haiti) Most of the 2nd generation were born by the 1st generation, not immigrated Highest population in the US + high income = highest remittance PERFORMANCE IN THE NEW COUNTRY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Educational Attainment Vietnames e Diaspora in the US Total US population Total population age 25 and older 1,080,000 201,925,0 00 22% 13% 49% 57% … with a bachelor’s degree 22% 20% … with an advanced degree 7% 11%  22% of those age 25 and older had a bachelor’s degree as their highest educational credential versus 20% of the U.S population overall … with less than high school education  7% of the Vietnamese diaspora age … with high school or some college education 25 and older held a master’s degree, PhD, or an advanced professional degree versus 11% of the general U.S population PERFORMANCE IN THE NEW COUNTRY HOUSEHOLD INCOME  The median annual incomes of Vietnamese diaspora households and all U.S households were roughly equivalent: $52,000 versus $50,000  28% of Vietnamese diaspora households reported annual incomes above $90,000, the threshold for the top 25% of U.S households overall  13% of Vietnamese diaspora households had annual incomes exceeding $140,000, the threshold for the top 10% of U.S households House hold income Vietname se Diaspora in the US Total US populati on Median household income $52,000 $50,000 Average household size 3.3 2.5 Share of household with high income ($90,000+) 28% 25% Share of household with very high income ($140,000+) 13% 10% PERFORMANCE IN THE NEW COUNTRY EMPLOYMENT  Vietnamese diaspora members age 16 and older were slightly more likely than the general U.S population to be in the labor force: 66% versus 64%  Within the labor force, the employment rate was nearly the same for the Vietnamese diaspora and the general U.S population: 92% versus 91%  Members of the Vietnamese diaspora were in professional or managerial occupations at a lower rate than the general U.S labor force: 24% versus 31% Employment Vietnames e Diaspora in the US Total US population Total population age 16 and older 1,319,000 239,386,00 Share in the labor force 66% 64% … that was employed 92% 91% … that was in a professional occupation 24% 31% PERFORMANCE IN THE NEW COUNTRY  According to 1975 US State Department data, more than 30% of the heads of first- wave households were medical professionals or technical managers, 16.9% worked in transportation, and 11.7% had clerical or sales jobs in Vietnam, while only less than 5% were fishermen or farmers  In 1975, President Gerald Ford and Congress both agreed to pass the Indochina Migration and Refugee Assistance Act, as an act of moral obligation, which allowed Vietnamese refugees to enter the United States under a special status and allocated $405 million in resettlement aid  Vietnamese immigrants had more opportunity in the new land than the other GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION  The Vietnamese diaspora was widely scattered across the United States  To minimize their impact on local communities  To restrict the formation of areas inhabited by ethnic minorities GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION  Resettling in California and Texas  Reason:  temperate climate  great job opportunities (agriculture, fishing,…)  Becoming the attractive destinations  Having the high population of Vietnamese immigrants GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION  “Little Saigon” in California  Originated by the first generation Vietnamese HOW VIETNAMESE MIGRATED TO THE U.S Vietnamese boat people were refugees who fled Vietnam by boat and ship following the end of the Vietnam War in 1975 This migration was at its highest in 1978 and 1979, but continued through the early 1990s HOW VIETNAMESE MIGRATED TO THE U.S Vietnamese civilians tried to board a US helicopter at the US Embassy in Saigon 1975 ... likely than the general U.S population to be in the labor force: 66% versus 64%  Within the labor force, the employment rate was nearly the same for the Vietnamese diaspora and the general U.S population:... of the Vietnamese Diaspora in the US, 2009-13 Population Characteristics by Generation 28; 28.00% 72; 72.00% Vietnamese immigrants the others Vietnames Total US e populatio Diaspora n in the. .. born in the country of origin in the RAD analysis (after India, Bangladesh, and Haiti) Most of the 2nd generation were born by the 1st generation, not immigrated Highest population in the US