Features of english adjectives denoting characteristics and their vietnamese equivalents in the bilingual novel “david copperfield’ by charles dickens”

2018 - 2020 (I) MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY NGUYỄN THỊ THU HƯỜNG ENGLISH LANGUAGE M.A THESIS FEATURES OF ENGLISH ADJECTIVES DENOTING CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS IN THE BILINGUAL NOVEL “DAVID COPPERFIELD” BY CHARLES DICKENS (Đặc điểm tính từ tiếng Anh tính cách tương đương tác phẩm song ngữ David Copperfield tác giả Charles Dickens) NGUYỄN THỊ THU HƯỜNG Field: English Language Code: 8.22.02.01 Hanoi - 2020 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS FEATURES OF ENGLISH ADJECTIVES DENOTING CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS IN THE BILINGUAL NOVEL “DAVID COPPERFIELD” BY CHARLES DICKENS (Đặc điểm tính từ tiếng Anh tính cách tương đương tác phẩm song ngữ David Copperfield tác giả Charles Dickens) NGUYỄN THỊ THU HƯỜNG Field: English Language Code: 8.22.02.01 Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr Nguyễn Đăng Sửu Hanoi-2020 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled FEATURES OF ENGLISH ADJECTIVES DENOTING CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS IN THE BILINGUAL NOVEL “DAVID COPPERFIELD” BY CHARLES DICKENSsubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language.Except where the reference is indicated, no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi,2020 Nguyễn Thị Thu Hường Approved by SUPERVISOR Assoc Prof Dr Nguyễn Đăng Sửu Date: i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis has been completed with the contribution and assistance from a number of people ,so I would like to send my sincere thanks to all of them First and foremost,I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor , Assoc Prof Dr Nguyễn Đăng Sửu for all of his encouragement and his devoted guidance through the stages of the study.I couldn’t complete this thesis without his advice and suggestions as well as the materials he provided Next,I would like to convey my thanks to all the lecturers and the staff of the Department of Foreign Languages of Ha Noi Open University Institute for granting me a permission to write this thesis as well as their valuable help and ideas Last but not least ,I would like to give my gratitude to my family and my friends ,who always support and encourage me throughout the process of researching and perfecting this thesis ii ABSTRACT In every language,adjectives are important elements of sentences because they are the words used in many contexts to describe the quality of any person or object.However,students not often pay much attention to the features of adjectives in terms of syntax and semantics,so they sometimes have difficulties in expressing their ideas and opinions correctly when using adjectives,especially when they want to use adjectives to describe a person’s characteristics in English without misunderstanding The study focuses on the Features of English adjectives denoting characteristics and their Vietnamese equivalents in the bilingual novel “David Copperfield” by Charles Dickens.” in the hope of contributing the necessary background to assist Vietnamese learners of English with intensive knowledge of adjectives denoting “characteristics” in English and in Vietnamese as well as suggesting some possible implications for teaching and learning adjectives denoting “characteristics’ and possible further research In order to achieve the set goal, the data are collected from different sources such as grammar books, dictionaries, the bilingual novel ‘David Copperfield’ and reliable websites on the Internet The study is carried out through a number of useful methods such as descriptive, quantitative, qualitative and contrastive analysis in order to find out the similarities and differences in terms of syntactic and semantic features between English adjectives denoting characteristics and their Vietnamese equivalents in the bilingual novel “David Copperfield” The findings give the answers to the research questions by the data collected and analyzed as examples for illustrations Finally, it is hoped that the results of the study could equip students with both grammatical and lexical aspects of adjectives denoting characteristics in both languages and help them use adjectives denoting characteristics suitably and accurately as well iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS S: Subject N: Adj N.P Noun Adjective Noun phrase Cs: Co F: Subject complement Object complement Frequence(frequency) %: A.D.C Percentage Adjective denoting characteristics iv LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Adjectives can be used dynamically 19 Table 2.2: Examples showing the contrast between inherent and non-inherent 20 Table 2.3: Semantic sub-classification of adjectives 21 Table 4.1: Syntactic features of adjectives denoting characteristics 33 Table 4.2: Semantic features of adjectives denoting characteristics Table 4.3: ADC functioning as attributive adjectives and their Vietnamese equivalents 34 35 Table 4.4: ADC functioning as subject complement and their Vietnamese equivalents 37 Table 4.5: ADC functioning as object complement and their Vietnamese equivalents 39 v TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT ii iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES TABLE OF CONTENTS v vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION………………………………………… 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aim and objectives of the study 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Methods of the study 3 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Structure of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 4 2.1 Review of previous studies 2.2 An overview of adjectives 2.2.1 Definitions of adjectives 2.2.2 Kinds of adjectives…… 2.2.3 Features of adjectives 2.2.3.1 Semantic functions of English adjectives 2.2.3.2 Syntactic functions of English adjectives 2.2.3.3 Syntactic functions of Vietnamese adjectives 2.3 An overview of adjectives denoting characteristics in English 2.3.1 Definition 2.3.2 Features of adjectives denoting characteristics 2.3.3 Functions of adjectives denoting characteristic 2.4 Summary CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research approach 3.2 Research setting……………………………………………………… 3.3 Research questions 7 18 18 21 24 26 26 27 27 27 28 28 29 29 vi 3.4 Methods of the study 30 3.5 Data collection and data analysis 31 3.5.1 Data collection 31 3.5.2 Data analysis 3.6 Summary 32 32 33 CHAPTER 4: ADJECTIVES DENOTING CHARACTERISTICS IN ENGLISH AND IN VIETMAMESE IN THE NOVEL ‘DAVID COPPERFIELD’ AND ITS VIETNAMESE TRANSLATED VERSION 4.1 An overview of adjectives denoting characteristics extracted from the 33 novel “David Copperfield’ and its Vietnamese translated version 4.2 Syntactic features of adjectives denoting characteristics in the novel 34 “David Copperfield’ by Charles Dickens and its Vietnamese translated version 4.2.1 Adjectives denoting characteristics functioning as attributive adjectives 4.2.2 Adjectives denoting characteristics functioning as subject complement 4.2.3 Adjectives denoting characteristics functioning as object complement 4.3 Semantic features of adjectives denoting characteristics in the novel 35 37 38 40 “David Copperfield’ by Charles Dickens and its Vietnamese translated version 4.3.1 Adjectives denoting positive characteristics 40 4.3.1.1 Adjectives denoting positive characteristics for teenagers 40 4.3.1.2 Adjectives denoting positive characteristics for adults 4.3.1.3 Adjectives denoting positive characteristics for the middle-aged and the aged 4.3.2 Adjectives denoting negative characteristics 4.3.2.1 Adjectives denoting negative characteristics for teenagers 4.3.2.2 Adjectives denoting negative characteristics for adults 4.3.2.3 Adjectives denoting negative characteristics for the middle-aged and the aged 4.4 The similarities and differences of adjectives denoting “characteristics” in English and in Vietnamese in the novel ‘David Copperfield’ and its Vietnamese translated version 4.4.1 Similarities 4.4.2 Differences 4.5 Summary CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION vii 41 44 45 45 46 47 48 48 49 50 51 5.1 Recapitulation 51 5.2 Concluding remarks 52 5.3 Limitation of the research 53 5.4 Recommendations for further research 5.4.1 For teaching adjectives denoting characteristics ……………………… 5.4.2 For learning adjectives denoting characteristics………………………… 53 54 55 REFERENCES I APPENDICES IV viii REFERENCES Foreign authors 1/ Alexander, L G (1998), English Grammar Practice Longman 2/Carter, R and McCarthy, M (2006), Cambridge Grammar of English.Cambridge University Press 3/ Dixon, R.M.W, (2005), A semantic Approach to English Grammar 2nd edition Oxford University Press 4/ Dicken, C (1981), David Copperfield, Oxford University Press & and its bilingual document translated by Phan Ngọc in 2000.Ho Chi Minh city Art Publishing House 5/Dixon, R.M.W (1991), A new approach to English Grammar on semantic principles Oxford University Press 6/Greenbaum, S (1996), Oxford English Grammar Oxford University Press 7/Hurford, J.R and Heasley (2001), Semantics.2th edition Cambridge University Press 8/Hatzivassiloglou V, McKeown K (1993), Towards the automatic identification of adjectival scales: clustering adjectives according to meaning Ohio State University, USA 9/Huddleston, R., Pullum, G.K (2002), The Cambridge Grammar of the English language Cambridge University Press 10/Hurford & Heasley (1983), Semantics-a coursebook Cambridge University Press 11/Lobner (2002): UnderstandingSemantics London: Arnold Publishers 12/Lia Litosseliti (2010), Research Methods in Linguistics.Continuum International Publishing Group 13/Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Geoffrey, Svartvik, J (1985), A comprehensive grammar of the English language Long man 14/Raymond Murphy (1996), English Grammar in Use.Cambridge University Press 15/Robert J.Podesva and Devyani Sharma(2014), Research Methods in Linguistics.Cambridge University Press 16/Saeed J (2003) Semantics.2nd edition Oxford Blackwell 17/Sargean, H (2007), Basic English Grammar.Saddleback Educational Publishing 18/Thomson, A.J & Martinet, A.V (1999), A practical English Grammar-the fourth edition Youth Publishing House I 19/Victoria Bull (2008), Oxford Learner’s Pocket Dictionary.Oxford University Press 20/Yule,G (2010), The study of language 4th edition Cambridge University Press Vietnamese authors 1/Diệp Quang Ban (2005), Ngữ pháp tiếng Việt.Nhà xuất giáo dục 2/Hoàng Thị Thanh Tâm (2018),A study on the adjective group denoting the beauty in English with reference to Vietnamese based on the Bilingual novel ‘The thorn bird’ Luận văn thạc sĩ, Đại học Mở Hà Nội 3/Mai Thị Trang (2013),The syntactic functions of English adjectives in comparison with those of Vietnamese ones.Luận văn thạc sĩ, Đại học Mở Hà Nội 4/ Nguyễn Hoà (2004),Understanding English Semantics.Nhà xuất đại học quốc gia Hà Nội 5/Nguyễn Tài Cẩn (1996), Ngữ pháp Tiếng Việt.Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội 6/Nguyễn Hữu Quỳnh(2001),Ngữ pháp Tiếng Việt.Nhà xuất từ điển bách khoa Hà Nội 7/Nguyễn Văn Hiệp (2015),Ngữ pháp Tiếng Việt.Nhà xuất đại học quốc giaHà Nội 8/Nguyễn Minh Phương(2018),A study on syntactic and semantic features of English physical appearance adjectives with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents.Luận văn thạc sĩ, Đại học Mở Hà Nội 9/Nguyễn Thi Thu Hà (2018),Syntactic and semantic features of English descriptive adjectives in some English works with reference to their Vietnameseequivalents”.Luận văn thạc sĩ, Đại học Mở Hà Nội 10/Nguyễn Thị Nga(2008),Semantic and syntactic functions of English adjectives – A contrastive analysis with their Vietnamese equivalents.Luận văn thạc sĩ, Đại học Mở Hà Nội 11/Phùng Thị Thanh Thủy (2016),A study on semantic features of English adjectives denoting “big”with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents.Luận văn thạc sĩ, Đại học Mở Hà Nội 12/ Võ Đại Quang (2005), Một số vấn đề Cú pháp, Ngữ nghĩa, Ngữ Dụng & Âm vị học.Nhà xuất bảnVăn hóa-Thơng tin Hà Nội *Websites: -https://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/adjectives/ -http://partofspeech.org/types-of-adjectives-personality-adjectives/ II -https://7esl.com/types-of-adjectives/ -https://www.fluentu.com/blog/english/english-adjectives/ -https://grammarist.com/grammar/adjectives/ -http://partofspeech.org/types-of-adjectives-personality-adjectives/ III APPENDICES SAMPLES extracted frombilingual novel ‘David Copperfield’ by CharlesDickens” and its Vietnamese translated version by Phan Ngọc ENGLISH VIETNAMESE 1.Mr Copperfield was very kind to me (p.7) 2.He is very patient to teach (p.7) 1.Anh Copơphin cháu tốt (p.41) 2.Anh chịu khó dạy (p.42) “Mr Copperfield”, said my mother, answering with some difficulty,” was 3.Anh Copơphin ý có lịng tốt bảo đảm cho cháu lĩnh phần so considerate and good as to secure the số tiền ấy, mẹ trả lời ngập reversion of a part of it to me” (p.7) ngừng (p.43) I suppose that there was a probability 4.Tơi ơng thấy bà lạ mặt of this unknown lady and himself having to sit there, face to face, for some hours, laid himself out to be xem phải ngồi đối diện hàng giờ, nên ông cố tỏ lịch nhã nhặn (p.44) polite and social (p.8) He wouldn’t have been rude to him and he couldn’t have been quick with him, for any earthly consideration 5.Ơng khơng muốn đối xử thơ bạo với khơng lý đời làm ơng giận (p.44) 6.I was jealous that this hand should touch my mother’s in touching mewhich it did (p.15) 7.She gently chid me for being rude; and, keeping me close to her shawl, turned to thank the gentleman for taking so much trouble as to bring her home.(p.15) I gave him the other, and he shook it 6.Tôi lấy làm tức tối sợ tay ông sờ vào tôi, lại sờ sang tay mẹ tôi, điều thực tế xảy (p.58) 7.Mẹ mắng yêu vô phép, đoạn ôm sát vào khan quàng, quay lại cám ơn ơng khách chịu khó đưa mẹ đến nhà (p.58) heartily and said I was a brave fellow, and went away (p.15) 9.How can you go on as if it was all settled and arranged, Peggotty, when I tell you over and over again, you cruel thing, that beyond the commonest bắt tay tơi, nói bé “ngoan”, (p.59) 9.Sao chị lại nói câu chuyện định đoạt xong xi Trong tơi nói nói lại với đồ ác nghiệt chị ấy, ngồi việc chào 8.Tơi chìa tay trái ông ta thân mật IV civilities nothing whatever has passed hỏi bình thường chẳng có (p.16) chuyện xảy (p.61) 10.If people are so silly as to indulge the sentiment, is it my fault? (p.16) 10.Nếu có người dại dột say mê tơi, lỗi (p.61) 11 What else was it possible to infer from what you said, you unkind 11.Qua lời chị vừa nói, cịn kết luận khác được, chị tàn ác kia? creature (p.16) 12 “Am I a naughty mama to you, Davy? Am I a nasty cruel, selfish, bad (p.61) 12.Mẹ có bà mẹ hư hỏng khơng hở Đêvi? Mẹ có bà mẹ tai mama?”(p.16) quái, độc ác, ích kỉ, xấu xa không? (p.62) 13 That honest creature was in deep affliction, I remember (p.16) 14.Somebody is sharp.(p.18) 15.I looked up, quickly; being curious to know (p.18) 16 I observed all day that Mr Murdstone was graver and steadier than the two gentlement (p.19) 13.Tôi nhớ người chung thủy khổ tâm.(p.62) 14.Có người tinh ranh (p.66) 15.Tơi vội nhìn lên, tị mị muốn biết xem (p.66) 16.Suốt ngày tơi thấy ông Mơcxtôn trầm lặng mực người (p.68) 17.They were very gay and careless (p.19) 18.It appeared to me that he was more clever and colder than they were (p.19) 19.I mentioned what they had said about her, and she laughed, and told me they were impudent fellows who talked nonsense -but I knew it pleased her (p.19) 17.Hai người vui vẻ vơ tư.(p.68) 18.Ơng ta thành thạo lạnh lùng họ (p.68) 19.Tôi nhắc lại câu họ nói mẹ tơi mẹ tơi cười, bảo họ người trơ trẽn ăn nói bậy bạ, tơi biết mẹ tơi thích lắm.(p.68) 20 “What foolish, impudent creatures!” What ridiculous men! Aren’t they?Davy dear ” (p.20) 21 “Is your brother an agreeable man, Peggotty.?”(p.21) 22 “Oh what an agreeable man he 20 “Người đâu mà rồ dại trơ trẽn! ông lố bịch phải khơng Đêvi?” (p.70) 21 “Anh chị có vui tính khơng chị Pécgơti?” (p.71) 22 Ổ, vui tính chứ! (p.71) V is!”(p.21) 23.We were welcomed by a very civil 23.Chúng bà lễ độ mặc woman in a white apron, whom I had seen curtseying at the door when I was tạp dề trắng, đón Ở lưng anh Ham cách độ ¼ dặm, thấy bà on Ham’s back, about a quarter of a mile off (p.24) đứng cửa cúi chào (p.79) 24.I was so curious to know, that I made up my mind to have it out with Mr Peggoty p.26) 24.Tơi tị mị muốn biết định hỏi ông Pécgôti cho đầu đuôi (p.82) 25 “He must be very good, I should think? (p.28) 25 “Mình hiểu rồi, cậu phải tốt nhỉ?” (p.86) 26 “This is your doing, Peggoty, you cruel thing!” (p.35) 27.Davy, you naughty boy! (p.35) 28 Peggoty, you savage creature! (p.35) 29.Mr Murdstone was firm; nobody in his word was to be so firm as Mr Murdstone.(p.39) 26 “Đấy, công lao chị đấy, chị Pécgôti, đồ ác nghiệt!” (p.101) 27.Đêvi, đồ độc ác! (p.102) 28 Pécgôti, đồ dã man! (p.102) 30.I thought you were pleased, once, with my being a little inexperienced and girlish, Eward.(p.40) 31.But you seem to hate me for it now, you’re so severe (p.40) 32.Yes, I had a satisfaction in the thought of marrying an inexperienced and artless person, and forming her character and infusing into it some 30.Anh Etuốt, em thấy anh u em tính ngờ nghệch trẻ em (p.111) 31.Nhưng anh lại ghét em tính ấy, anh nghiêm khăc (p.111) 32.Phải, trước anh thích thú nghĩ lấy người đàn bà ngây thơ, non trẻ về, uốn nắn cho amount of that firmness and decision of which it stood in need (p.40) 33.I’m sure I am not ungrateful.(p.40) ta có phần tính cứng rắn, cương nghị cần thiết (p.111) 33.Em dám người vô ơn đâu.(p.112) 34.Dù em có khuyết điểm nữa, em người dịu hiền.(p.112) 34.Whatever I am, I’m affectionate.(p.40) 29.Ơng Mơcxtơn cứng rắn nhà khơng quyền cứng rắn ông.(p.109) VI 35.Now, Davy, try once more, and 35.Nào Đêvi, cố học lại lần don’t be stupid! (p.43) nữa; đừng lẩm cẩm nhé! (p.117) 36.The natural result of this treatment continued, I suppose, for some six 36.Cái lối giáo dục kéo dài đâu tháng hơn, kết làm months or more, was to make me sullen trở thành đứa trẻ lù đù, đần độn, dull, and dogged (p.44) bướng bỉnh (p.120) 37.They had persuaded her that I was a wicked fellow (p.48) 38.You will come here in the holidays, 37.Thì họ thuyết phục mẹ tôi đứa trẻ độc ác.p.132) 38.Đến nghỉ hè lại nhà and be a better boy (p.49) 39 Finding him so very friendly and ngoan (p.132) 39.Thấy anh vui vẻ thân mật thế, companionable, it was then that I asked for the pen and ink and paper, to write to Peggoty (p.54) 40.That cruel man with the wooden beg, aggravated my sufferings (p.62) 41.I recollect that I positively began to have a dread of myself, as a kind of wild boy who did bite (p.63) liền hỏi mượn giấy bút mực để viết thư cho chị Pécgôti (p.142) 42.He was a limp, delicate -looking gentleman, I thought (p.66) 43 I heard that the man with the wooden leg, whose name was Tungay, was an obstinate barbarian who had formerly assisted in the hop business (p.69) 44.I heard that Mr Mell was not a bad sort of fellow (p.69) 45.You are very kind (p.70) 46.He was the merriest and most miserable of all the boys (p.72) 47.He was very honorable (p.72) 48.Though I was much less brave than 40.Con người chân gỗ tàn ác lại làm tơi thêm khổ nhục (p.159) 41.Tơi cịn nhớ tơi bắt đầu cảm thấy đâm sợ tưởng thằng bé rồ dại cắn người ta thật (p.160) 42.Ơng người nhu nhược, tơi thấy ơng tế nhị (p.167) 43.Tơi cịn biết người chân gỗ tên Tungay tên độc ác trước tham dự nghề buôn bán “hốt bốt” (p.172) 44.Tôi biết ông Men người xấu (p.174) 45.Anh tốt (p.174) 46.Cậu học sinh vui tính lại khổ sở (p.179) 47.Anh coi trọng danh dự (p.180) 48.Mặc dầu không can đảm VII Traddles (p.73) Trát đơn (p.180) 49.If I could associate the idea of a bull 49.Nếu so sánh hình ảnh or a bear with anyone so mild as Mr Mell (p.76) gấu hay bị tót với hình ảnh người hiền lành ông Men (p.187) 50.Then he said I was mean and then he 50.Ơng cịn nói xấu xa bỉ ổi said I was base (p.78) 51 If I had been cool, perhaps I shouldn’t have called him a beggar (p.192) 51.Nếu tự chủ có lẽ tơi khơng gọi ơng đồ ăn mày (p.192) (p.78) 52.These are two Yarmouth boat-men- 52.Đây thủy thủ Yácmao-là người tốt ,rất hào hiệp.(p.202) 53.Anh Xtiếcphóoc tốt với cháu.(p.203) 54.Tôi vụng về, anh bạn ạ,nhưng ân cần.(p.204) 55 Tôi kể cho người nghe ông Crichcơn ông thầy độc ác very kind, good people (p.82) 53.Mr Steerforth is very kind to me (p.83) 54.I’m rough, Sir,but I’m ready.(p.83) 55 I told them what a hard master Mr Creakle was, and they pitied me very người thương hại (p.216) 56.Tơi kể cho người nghe Xtiếcphóoc tốt (p.216) 57.Cái chị rõ thật ngớ ngẩn, mẹ đáp (p.217) 58 Chị ghen với cô Mocxtôn thực rõ buồn cười (p.218) much (p.89) 56.I told them what a fine fellow Steerforth was (p.89) 57.How absurd you are, Peggoty, returned my mother (p.89) 58.You are as jealous of Miss Murdstone as it is possible for a ridiculous thing, I suppose (p.90) 59.Haven’t you heard her say, over and over again, that she thinks I am too thoughtless and too-a-a.(p.90) 60 I am a weak, light, girlish creature, and that he is a firm, grave, serious man (p.91) 59.Chẳng phải chị thường nghe ta nói nói lại tơi người q ngờ nghệch quá…(p.219) 60.Tôi người yếu đuối, trẻ nhẹ dạ; trái lại anh người kiên quyết, nghiêm nghị trang trọng VIII .(p.221) 61.You are my true friend (p.91) 61.Chị người bạn trung thành 62.I had a sensitive consciousness of (p.221) 62.Tơi có cảm giác đau đớn bao always appearing constrained, boorish, and dull (p.93) tỏ tự nhiên, vụng cau có (p.226) 63.David, I am sorry to observe that you are of a sullen disposition (p.94) 64 “As sulky as a bear!” said Miss 63.Đêvi! Tao buồn thấy mày đứa trẻ tính tình cau có.(p.227) 64 “Cau có gấu”, Mocxtơn nói Murdstone (p.94) 65.”and the boy is, of all such (p.227) 65.Thằng bé thằng bé cau có dispositions that ever I have seen,” remarked his sister,” the most confirmed and stubborn (p.94) 66.I don’t profess to be profound (p.94) 67 “I will have a respectful, prompt, and ready bearing towards myself”, he continued (p.95) bướng bỉnh đời, xưa chẳng thấy Nó bướng bỉnh cứng cổ nhất.(p.227) 66.Tơi khơng tự cho người sâu sắc (p.227) 67.Tao muốn mày tỏ lễ phép, nhanh nhẩu ân cần tao, ơng Mocxtơn nói tiếp.(p.229) 68.She was very kind to me (p.98) 69.The three young women, who appeared to be very industrious and comfortable (p.99) 70 “You are such a comfortable man, you see “said Minnie (p.100) 71.She was a pretty good-natured girl (p.101) 72.I see that good and faithful servant, 68.Bà tử tế (p.236) 69.Ba gái chăm thư thái (p.239) whom of all the people upon earth I love the best (p.104) 73.She never changed to her foolish Peggoty, didn’t my sweet girl.(p.105) trung thành mà yêu tất người gian (p.249) 73.Con bé đáng yêu chị không thay đổi thái độ với Pécgôti ngu xuẩn (p.251) 74.Chị thấy mẹ ngày nhút 74.I think she got to be moretimid, and 70.Đó ba thoải mái, Mini nói (p.239) 71.Cơ gái xinh đẹp, tốt bụng (p.242) 72.Tôi thấy người đầy tớ gái tốt bụng IX nhát, ngày cuối more frightened -like, of late (p.105) lại sợ sệt trước.(p.250) 75.She tried to hold up after that; and many a time, when they told her she 75.Sau điều đó, mẹ cố gắng trấn tĩnh nhiều lần họ nói với mẹ mẹ dại was thoughtless and light-hearted, made believe to be so (p.105) dột nhẹ mẹ giả làm dại dột nhẹ dạ.(p.251) 76.How kind is considerate Mr Copperfield had always been to her (p.106) 76.Ông Copơphin xưa tốt chu đáo mẹ (p.252) 77.Barkis is a good plain creetur (p.111) 77.Anh Báckít người trung hậu, mộc mạc (p.264) 78 “A little puss, it is!” (p.112) 79.But she was so affectionate and sweet-natured (p.112) 80.She was tender-hearted, too (p.113) 78.Con bé lém lỉnh lắm! (p.267) 79.Nhưng người tính dịu dàng dễ thương (p.267) 80.Cô lại người dễ cảm (p.268) 81.Anh ta dũng cảm sư tử ông phải biết anh thực thà, ông Pécgôti ạ(p.269) 81 “He’s as brave as a lion and you can’t think how frank he is, Mr Peggoty.” (p.113) 85.I was as true to them as they were to 82.Anh ta can đảm lắm! (p.269) 83.Chị lung túng nghe anh Báckit tuyên bố việc kết hôn người cách đột ngột (p.276) 84.Tơi cảm thấy dũng cảm tơi nhà độc (p.279) 85.Tơi trung thành với me (p.122) 86 “I suppose you are a pretty sharp fellow still? Eh, Brooks?”(p.122) 87.Some of them were quite ferocious (p.129) 88.I wouldn’t be mean if I was you trung thành với (p.283) 86.Này Brúc, mày tinh quái phải khơng? (p.284) 87.Trong số họ có người thật (p.297) 88.Nếu vào địa vị ơng tơi 82.He is so bold! (p.113) 83.She was a little confused when Mr Barkis made this abrupt announcement of their union (p.119) 84.I felt very brave at being left alone in the solitary house (p.120) X không muốn làm người hèn hạ (p.129) (p.297) 89.Clickett-this was the girl from the workhouse-being of a vulgar mind 89.Clikkét (tên gái nhà tập nghề) tính tình thơ lỗ (p.305) (p.133) 90.Mr Micawber who was thoroughly 90.Ơng Micôbơ vốn người good-natured man, and as active a creature about everything but his own affairs as ever existed (p.136) tốt bụng tích cực việc trừ việc than ông (p.313) 91.Your conduct has always been of the 91.Bao cậu tỏ ân most delicate and obliging description cần chu đáo (p.321) (p.141) 92.Being a very honest little creature (p.143) 93.That Peggoty was the best, the truest, the most faithful, most devoted, and most self -denying friend and servant in the world (p.161) 94.I thought him a very nice gentleman 92.Vì tơi đứa trẻ trung thực (p.326) 93.Chị Pécgôti thực người đầy tớ người bạn tốt vô tư đời (p.360) 94.Tôi nghĩ ông người dễ 96.He is the friendly and amenable creature in existence (p.167) 97.A good creature, and very kind to him (p.167) 98.He has a sullen, rebellious spirit; a violent temper; and an untoward, thương (p.369) 95.” Thằng cha ngốc nghếch hợm hĩnh!” (p.371) 96.Chú người hiền lành dễ thương đời (p.371) 97.Một người đàn bà hào hiệp, tốt (p.372) 98.Nó đứa trẻ cau có, đầu óc bướng bỉnh, ngang ngạnh, tính khí intractable disposition (p.171) 99.I believe this is the worst boy (p.171) 100.Oh yes, bless us! Who so smoth and silky as Mr Murdstone at first (p.173) chất ngỗ ngược bất trị (p.379) 99.Tôi tin đứa trẻ hư hỏng (p.380) 100.Ơi, lạy chúa! Trước có hiền lành mềm mỏng cho ông Mơcxtôn (p.385) (p.166) 95 “A proud fool!” (p.166) XI 101.You don’t suppose, I hope, that 101.Chắc hẳn ông không cho you are the only plain dealer in the người trung thực trái world? (p.180) 102.He is a quiet fellow (p.181) đất (p.399) 102.Em hiền lành (p.401) 103.He looked like a young clergyman, in his white cravat, but he was very 103.Với cà vạt trắng có dáng ông mục sư trẻ tuổi affable and good-humoured (p.187) 104.I should certainly be happy under Doctor Strong, who was one of the dịu dàng niềm nở (p.411) 104.Tôi sung sướng trường học bác sĩ Xtrong ơng ta gentlest of men (p.187) 105.He is the least suspicious of người hiền lành đời (p.415) 105.Ông người tin mankind (p.187) 106.I see her with her modest, orderly, placid manner (p.189) 107.Your aunt is a sweet lady, Master copperfield! (p.192) 108.I’m perfectful honest and outspoken (p.196) 109.As you were too generous (p.197) đời (p.415) 106.Tơi thấy có thái độ khiêm tốn, bình tĩnh chu đáo (p.419) 107.Cậu Copơphin ạ, cô cậu thực người đàn bà dịu dàng (p.424) 108.Tơi thẳng thắn trung thực (p.434) 109.Vì ông người nhân từ (p.436) 110.She’s so faithful and tender110.Nhà chung thủy dịu dàng hearted! (p.200) (p.442) 111.Mr Dick was convinced that my 111.Ơng Đích n trí tơi aunt was the wisest and most wonderful người đàn bà khôn ngoan tuyệt of women (p.203) diệu đời (p.449) 112.Yet you didn’t mind supposing I 112.Thế mà sáng anh bảo was proud this morning (p.206) tự kiêu (p.457) 113.I thought Mrs Heep an agreeable 113.Tôi nghĩ bà Hip người woman (p.208) 114.You are very good (p.209) 115.You are very obliging (p.210) 116.You are a true friend (p.215) 117.I’m surprised to find him a meeker đàn bà dễ chịu (p.460) 114.Anh thực tốt bụng (p.464) 115.Bà thực tử tế (p.465) 116.Cậu người bạn chân thành (p.470) 117.Tôi lấy làm ngạc nhiên thấy XII cậu người bình dị tơi man than I had thought (p.220) tưởng (p.481) 118.Agnes-my sweet sister (p.220) 118.Acnet, cô em gái hiền hậu (p.482) 119.I’m a sensible fellow (p.221) 119.Tôi nghĩ người biết điều (p.485) 120.You are so good and so sweettempered (p.225) 121.You have such a gentle nature 120.Cậu tốt bụng dịu dàng (p.495) 121.Bản tính cậu dễ thương (p.495) (p.226) 122.He is often very nervous (p.226) 122.Ông cụ nhiều hay gắt gỏng (p.497) 123.My dear, you absolutely are, on some subjects, one of the most ridiculous persons in the world (p.229) 124.But he looked such a very obdurate butcher (p.231) 125.My son’s tutor is a conscientious gentleman (p.239) 126.He is really conscientious (p.239) 123.Con ạ, số điểm, thật người lố bịch đời (p.503) 127.They are not to be expected to be as sensitive as we are (p.240) 128.They are wonderfully virtuous (p.240) 129.He was very generous and noble to me in those days (p.241) 130.Such a self-contained man I ever saw (p.244) 131.You are very good-natured to me 127.Họ không dễ cảm (p.525) 128.Họ đạo đức (p.526) once (p.247) 132.She has been as good a girl as ever was (p.249) 133.I’m rough, sir (p.255) (p.542) 132.Cô tỏ cô gái tốt đời (p.547) 133.Cậu à, người thô lỗ (p.554) 134.Tơi thơ lỗ nhím 134.I’m as rough as a Sea Porkypine 124.Nhưng anh ngổ ngáo (p.506) 125.Ông giáo sư đỡ đầu Xtiếcphóoc người trung hậu (p.524) 126.Ơng ta trung hậu (p.524) 129.Anh cao thượng tử tế thời gian (p.529) 130.Tôi chưa thấy kín đáo (p.534) 131.Trước cụ tốt XIII (p.255) (p.560) 135.An honest sort of a chap (p.255) 135.Một anh chàng trung thực (p.560) 136.He’s big enough, but he is bashfuller than a little un (p.256) 136.Cậu ta to lớn nhát trẻ (p.561) 137.He is such a good fellow (p.256) 138.He was honorable and manful 137.Anh người tốt (p.561) 138.Anh tỏ người (p.256) 139.You are a thoroughly good fellow (p.257) xứng đáng trọng danh dự (p.562) 139.Ông người tốt (p.564) 140.When I asked her is she recollected how I used to be devoted to her (258) 140.Khi tơi hỏi xem có nhớ lúc tận tụy với cô 141.They are quaint company (p.258) 142.That’s rather a chuckle headed fellow for the girl (p.258) 143.David, I wish to God I had had a judicious father these last twenty years (p.261) (p.566) 141.Họ người ngộ nghĩnh (p.567) 142.Cu cậu vụng thô lỗ so với bé (p.567) 143.Đêvi ạ, giá 20 năm trời cho người cha nghiêm nghị tốt (p.573) 146.Don’t be impudent (p.267) 147.He couldn’t, kind-natured, tenderhearted as he is, see them two together (p.274) 148.That’s because you’re good; not 144.Cậu ta hiệp sĩ trung thành (p.580) 145.Chú tay tinh quái đời (p.585) 146.Đừng có táo tợn đấy! (p.585) 147.Tuy người tính nhân từ,dịu dàng khơng thể người ngồi cạnh nhau.(p.601) 148.Đó anh tốt khơng phải because I’m (p.278) 149.Someone was never vain and changeable like me (p.278) 150 Oh, I’m not as good a girl as I ought to be (p.278) 151.I want to be a better girl than I am em tốt (p.606) 149.Một người không lố lăng hay thay đổi em (p.606) 150.Tôi người đàn bà tốt lẽ phải (p.606) 151.Em muốn làm người đàn bà tốt 144.He is a true knight (p.264) 145.You are a downy fellow (p.266) XIV (p.278) em (p.607) 152.He was a mild man (p.287) 152.Ông người hiền lành.(p.626) 153.She looked so quiet and good.(p.299) 153.Nàng lặng lẽ hiền hậu.(p.650) 154.That mean, fawning fellow, worm himself into such promotion (p.301) 154.Cái thằng hèn hạ đê tiện lại ngoi lên cao đến à.(p.655) 155.He is subtle and watchful (p.301) 155.Hắn tinh ranh khôn khéo (p.656) 156.He was an excellent fellow (p.304) 156.Anh người bạn tốt (p.662) 157.Traddles is a good fellow (p.304) 157.Trátđơn người bạn tốt 158.Traddles was shy, but agreeable, (p.662) 158 Trátđơn bẽn lẽn dễ thương and the same good-natured creature still (p.307) 159.And I assure you she ‘s the dearestgirl! (p.331) 160.I board with the people downstairs, who are very agreeable people indeed (p.331) 161.We became in a moment the người tốt bụng xưa (p.668) 159.Và cam đoan với cậu dễ thương vơ (p.721) 160.Mình ăn với người tầng Họ người dễ thương (p.721) 161.Trong chốc lát trở thành meekest of the meek (p.337) người hiền lành đời (p.735) 162.Việc phục vụ chị hầu phịng nhỏ nhắn khiêm tốn (p.762) 163.Vì tơi biết tính đơi cau có bướng bỉnh (p.769) 164.Cơ có bớt đồng bóng khơng? (p.780) 165.Con bé Emili dại dột (p.784) 162.That we were attended by a modest little parlor-maid (p.350) 163.For I knew that she was sometimes jaundiced and perverse (p.354) 164.Has she become more settled? (p.359) 165.A foolish little Emly! (p.360) XV ... misunderstanding The study focuses on the Features of English adjectives denoting characteristics and their Vietnamese equivalents in the bilingual novel “David Copperfield” by Charles Dickens.” in the. ..MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS FEATURES OF ENGLISH ADJECTIVES DENOTING CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS IN THE BILINGUAL NOVEL “DAVID. .. syntactic and semantic features 1.5 Scope of the study The study only focuses on the features of English adjectives denoting characteristics and their Vietnamese equivalents in the bilingual novel “David