CHỦ ĐỀ READING COMPREHENSION THI HSG ANH VĂN THPT THI OLYMPIC ANH VĂN LỚP 10, 11, 12 CÁC BẠN CŨNG CÓ THỂ ÔN THI THPTQG CÓ ĐẦY ĐỦ TỪ VỰNG VÀ GIẢI NGHĨA PHỤC VỤ CHO CÁC KÌ THI THCSTHPTTHPTQG. MỌI THẮC MẮC XIN LIÊN HỆ QUA GMAIL: NHUNGZOIHEOGMAIL.COM
CHỦ ĐỀ: READING COMPREHENSION TEST Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35 The coronavirus is usually transmitted by droplets, such as those produced when coughing and sneezing, and by direct or indirect contact with secretions infected by the virus The virus may also shed in blood, urine and faeces, and, therefore, there is potential for transmission through contact with a wide range of bodily fluids Certainly, person-to-person spread has been confirmed in community and healthcare settings across Asia and into Europe There is also a possibility that asymptomatic carriers may be able to infect people Public Health England (PHE) has classified the COVID-19 infection as an airborne, high consequence infectious disease (HCID) in the UK The application of infection prevention and control (IPC) principles are already widely used by healthcare professionals within hospital and community settings to both prevent the spread of infections and to control outbreaks when they occur The WHO has issued interim guidance regarding IPC when COVID-19 is suspected This advice is echoed by guidance issued by PHE PHE suggests the coronavirus may pose complications, such as illness pneumonia or severe acute respiratory infection They also suggest that patients with long-term conditions or are immunocompromised are at risk of these complications It is important that as first-line staff, midwives are also familiar with the recommended IPC principles and measures, and ensure they have the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when caring for a patient with suspected COVID-19 Question 31: Which could be the best title for the passage? A Problems Related to the Coronavirus B Epidemic Situation in England by coronavirus C Advice for Those Who Infected with Coronavirus D Coronavirus Transmission and Prevention Question 32: According to the passage, the coronavirus can be found in all of the following except A blood B clothes C urine D faeces mầm bệnh : : : - The coronavirus is usually transmitted by… - The application of infection prevention and control (IPC) principles are already widely used - … familiar with the recommended IPC principles and measures, and ensure they have the appropriate personal protective Question 33: The word “interim” in paragraph mostly means A temporary B everlasting C permanent D effective Question 34: Which of the following is TRUE about those with long-term conditions as stated in the passage? A They can work in the WHO B They are employees of Public Health England C They are at risk of illness pneumonia or severe acute respiratory infection D They can work as first-line staff like midwives Question 35: The word “They” in the last paragraph refers to A IPC B WHO C PHE D COVID-19 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42 A surgical mask is a loose-fitting, disposable device that creates a physical barrier between the mouth and nose of the wearer and potential contaminants in the immediate environment Surgical masks are regulated under 21 CFR 878.4040 Surgical masks are not to be shared and may be labelled as surgical, isolation, dental, or medical procedure masks They may come with or without a face shield These are often referred to as face masks, although not all face masks are regulated as surgical masks Surgical masks are made in different thicknesses and with different ability to protect you from contact with liquids These properties may also affect how easily you can breathe through the face mask and how well the surgical mask protects you If worn properly, a surgical mask is meant to help block large-particle droplets, splashes, sprays, or splatter that may contain germs (viruses and bacteria), keeping it from reaching your mouth and nose Surgical masks may also help reduce exposure of your saliva and respiratory secretions to others While a surgical mask may be effective in blocking splashes and large-particle droplets, a face mask, by design, does not filter or block very small particles in the air that may be transmitted by coughs, sneezes, or certain medical procedures Surgical masks also not provide complete temorary: tạm thời everlasting: mãi permanent: vĩnh cửu …The WHO has issued interim guidance regarding IPC when COVID – 19 is suspected … patients with long-term conditions or are immune compromised are at risk of these complications protection from germs and other contaminants because of the loose fit between the surface of the face mask and your face Surgical masks are not intended to be used more than once If your mask is damaged or soiled, or if breathing through the mask becomes difficult, you should remove the face mask, discard it safely, and replace it with a new one To safely discard your mask, place it in a plastic bag and put it in the trash Wash your hands after handling the used mask (Source: https://www.fda.gov/) Question 36: Which is the most suitable title for the passage? A How to Make Surgical Face Masks B Uses of Surgical Face Masks C Surgical Face Masks in the Past D Surgical Face Masks Question 37: According to paragraph 1, what could 21 CFR 878.4040 most likely be? A standard to follow B design of masks C mask serial number D mask model number Question 38: The word “They” in paragraph refers to A Physical barrier B Contaminants C Surgical masks D Face shields Question 39: The word "contain" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A reflect B carry C require D protect Question 40: Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage? A All surgical masks have the same thickness and protecting ability B Exposure to saliva and respiratory secretions may be reduced with surgical masks C Surgical masks can block splashes and droplets including very small particles D You have to replace your mask with a new one only when it is damaged Question 41: The word “transmitted” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A transferred B introduced C produced D committed infor: Show information about name, thickness, use, how to discard of Surgical Face Mask A tiêu chuẩn phải tuân theo …Surgical masks are regulated under 21CFR 878.4040… contain (v) chứa đựng Translate pls infor about the true answer: … Surgical masks may also help reduce exposure of your salivia and respiratory secretions to others… transmit = transfer (v) truyền nhiễm TEST Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35 Culture is the lens with which we evaluate everything around us; we evaluate what is proper or improper, normal or abnormal, through our culture If we are immersed in a culture that is unlike our own, we may experience culture shock and become disoriented when we come into contact with a fundamentally different culture People naturally use their own culture as the standard to judge other cultures; however, passing judgment could reach a level where people begin to discriminate against others whose “ways of being” are different than their own—essentially, we tend to fear that which we not understand Cultural diversity is important because our country, workplaces, and schools increasingly consist of various cultural, racial, and ethnic groups We can learn from one another, but first we must have a level of understanding about each other in order to facilitate collaboration and cooperation Learning about other cultures helps us understand different perspectives within the world in which we live and helps dispel negative stereotypes and personal biases about different groups In addition, cultural diversity helps us recognize and respect “ways of being” that are not necessarily our own, so that as we interact with others, we can build bridges to trust, respect, and understanding across cultures Furthermore, this diversity makes our country a more interesting place to live, as people from diverse cultures contribute language skills, new ways of thinking, new knowledge, and different experiences (Adapted from https://www.purdueglobal.edu/) discriminate BETWEEN A AND B discriminate A FROM B discriminate AGAINST: phân biệt đối xử IN FAVOUR OF S.O: thiên vị Question 31: Which could be the best title for the passage? A What is the function of culture? B How people use own culture? C Why is cultural diversity a “good thing”? D How can we learn from one another? Question 32: The word “their” in paragraph refers to A levels B people C others D ways of being Question 33: Which of the following is TRUE about the main reason for discrimination? A Valuating everything is the main reason for discrimination B Immersing in a culture is the main reason for discrimination C Contacting with a different culture may cause discrimination D Making judgment may cause discrimination Question 34: The word “dispel” in paragraph mostly means A eliminate B contain C realize D discuss Question 35: According to the passage, before we can learn from people from other cultures, we need to A understand one another B facilitate collaboration C have different perspectivesD form personal biases Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42 The authors noted that while other forms of pollution are decreasing, noise pollution has been increasing This conclusion is reinforced by the fact that there has been an increase in the number of people who have been complaining about excessive noise in the WHO region Populations that are exposed to high noise levels can be afflicted by other symptoms such as: stress reactions, sleep-stage changes, and clinical symptoms like hypertension and cardiovascular diseases All these impacts can contribute to premature mortality It is important to note that these adverse health problems impact all age groups including children and adolescents In fact, it has been reported that children who live and or study in an area afflicted with noise pollution tend to suffer from stress, impairments in memory and attention as well as difficulty reading “In Western Europe, the guidelines say, traffic noise results in an annual loss of at least one million healthy years” function (n) chức own culture: văn hóa riêng Đoạn văn chủ yếu nói mặt tích cực đa dạng văn hóa nên phương án C phù hợp way of being: cách sống …, passing judgment could reach a level where people begin to discriminate against others whose “ways of being” are different than their own …We can learn from one another, but first we must have a level of understanding about each other in order to facilitate collaboration and cooperation Traffic noise is currently ranked second among environmental threats to public health The danger of noise pollution is more present to us when we are asleep Because the human ear is so sensitive, it never rests, it is always working, picking up and transmitting sounds for our brains to interpret This always on working process is where the danger lies, though you may be sleeping, sounds are still being picked up and processed The most common side effects of this phenomenon are sleep disturbance and tiredness, impaired memory, judgment, and psychomotor skills The other more serious outcomes of this can be the triggering of the body’s acute stress response, which raises blood pressure and heart rate as the body and brain go into a state of hyperarousal According to the European Environment Agency, at least 10,000 cases of premature deaths from noise exposure occur each year, although incomplete data mean this number is significantly underestimated (Adapted from https://www.encida.dk/) Question 36: Which is the most suitable title for the passage? A Noise in the WHO region B Increase in noise, Increase in risk C Health problems and Age groups D Side effects of tiredness Question 37: The word “afflicted” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A assumed B illustrated C described D affected Question 38: The word “premature” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A early B quick C late D slow Question 39: According to paragraph 2, what is the reason for the annual loss of at least one million healthy years in Western Europe? A guidelines B public health C environmental threats D traffic noise Question 40: Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage? A Many forms of pollution, except for noise pollution, are decreasing B Adverse health problems impact children and adolescents only C The danger of noise pollution is less serious when we are asleep Bài đọc chủ yếu nói gia tăng nguy sức khỏe người ô nhiễm tiếng ồn tăng lên nên phương án B phù hợp side effect: tác dụng phụ → afflicted = affected: bị tác động/ ảnh hưởng assume (v) giả định illustrate (v) minh họa … In Western Europe, the guidelines say, traffic noise results in an annual loss of at least one million healthy years… … The authors noted that while other forms of pollution are decreasing, noise pollution has been increasing D At least 100,000 cases of premature deaths from noise exposure occur each year Question 41: The word “This” in paragraph refers to A side effect B sound C human ear D the danger Question 42: According to the passage, what is the reason for the body’s acute stress response? A Sleep disturbance B Excessive noise exposure during sleping C Impaired memory D Psychomotor skills … Because the human ear is so sensitive, it never rests, it is always working, picking up and transmitting sounds for our brains to interpret This always on working process is… \ TEST Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35 Most Americans have at least some daily interaction with people who not share their race or ethnicity, but relatively small shares say they have a lot of interaction This is particularly the case for whites interacting with racial or ethnic minorities and nonwhites interacting with minority groups other than their own About a quarter of white adults say they interact with blacks and Hispanics a lot in their day-to-day life Among blacks, 26% say they have a lot of interaction with people who are Hispanic, while one-in-five Hispanics say they have frequent interaction with people who are black About one in-ten whites, blacks and Hispanics say they interact with Asians a lot in their daily life A majority of Asians say they have frequent daily interaction with whites, more than the share of blacks and Hispanics who say the same About one-in-four Asians say they have a lot of interaction with people who are Hispanic and 15% say the same about people who are black Asians are less likely than whites, blacks and Hispanics to say they have a lot of interaction with people in their own group The extent to which Americans interact with various racial or ethnic groups reflects, at least in part, the shares of each group in the population (Adapted from https://www.pewsocialtren ds.org/) Question 31: Which could be the best title for the passage? A Americans’ everyday interaction B Interaction between people from other racial and ethnic groups C Hispanics’ frequent interaction D What does Asians’ interaction reflect? Question 32: The word “their” in paragraph refers to A whites B ethnic minorities C nonwhites D minority groups Question 33: According to the passage, the percentage of white adults saying they interact with blacks and Hispanics a lot in their everyday life is A 50% B 26% C 20% D 25% …This is particularly the case for whites interacting with racial or ethnic minorities and nonwhites interacting with minority groups other than their own …About a quarter of white adults say they interact with blacks and Hispanics a lot in their day-to-day life… Question 34: The word “frequent” in paragraph mostly means A regular B reliable C angry D sincere Question 35: Which of the following is TRUE about Hispanics’ daily interaction? A They have the same daily interaction with Asians and blacks B They have no interaction with blacks C They have the same daily interaction with whites and blacks D They have no interaction with Asians Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42 There are several ways to measure how often men and women appear in news photos One way is to think about all the photos together as making up one big crowd of people and estimating what share are women versus men Women made up 33% of all the 53,067 individuals identified in news post images, while men made up the other 67% Another way to look at the data is to examine the mix of people who appear in each image Across the 22,342 posts with photos containing identifiable human faces, more than half of them exclusively showed men, while less than a quarter showed exclusively women The remaining images show at least one man and one woman All 17 news outlets included in the study showed more men than women in news images on Facebook during the study period The share of individuals who were identified as women by the model ranges from 25% to 46%, by outlet While these findings are striking, there is no perfect benchmark or “true ratio” for how often men and women should be portrayed in news images on social media Yes, the U.S population is divided nearly in half, male versus female But, for example, all the representational coverage of professional football teams would return results overwhelmingly dominated by male faces Coverage of the U.S Senate – currently 25% female – might the same In addition, the analysis did not address whether the content of the news stories that accompanied the images was more focused on men or women The analysis also reveals other ways that men are more prominent in news images on Facebook In photos that showed two or more people, men tend to outnumber women reliable (adj) đáng tin cậy sincere (adj) chân thành … A majority of Asians say they have frequent daily interaction with whites, more than the share of blacks and Hispanics who say the same… And men’s faces take up more space when shown, with the average male face being 10% larger than the average female face across all photos with people (Adapted from https://www.pewresearch.o rg/) Question 36: Which is the most suitable title for the passage? A Big Crowd of People and the Share of Women and Men B Men and Women in News Images by Outlet C Men Appear Twice as Often as Women in News Photos on Facebook D The analysis of news images on Facebook Question 37: According to paragraph 2, how many of the 22,342 posts with photos containing identifiable human faces showed only women? A 25% B 33% C 75% D 46% Question 38: The word “exclusively” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A perfectly B uniquely C honestly D naturally Question 39: The word “striking” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A impressive B impartial C creative D inactive Question 40: Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage? A Women accounted for 67% of all the 53,067 individuals identified in news post images B More than half of the 22,342 posts with photos show at least one man and one woman C Currently 25% of the U.S Senate are female D Women’s faces take up more space when shown Question 41: The word “that” in paragraph refers to A the analysis B the content C the images D the news stories Question 42: According to the passage, what may be the reason why men are more prominent in news images? A Women are whiter than men B Men’s face was bigger than women’s C Women didn’t like taking photos D Men didn’t make up …more than half of them exclusively showed men, while less than a quarter showed exclusively women exclusively (adv) riêng uniquely (adv) striking = impressive (adj) ấn tượng impartial (adj) vô tư inactive (adj) không hoạt động … Coverage of the U.S Senate – currently 25% female – might the same… … In addition, the analysis did not address whether the content of the news stories that accompanied… … with the average male face being 10% larger than the average female face across all photos with people… TEST Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35 Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier “The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind The work will be there in the morning.” If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life (Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/) Question 31: Which could be the best title for the passage? A Get Your Best Work Done B Co-workers Makes Everything Easier C Put off Your Work until Tomorrow Morning D Keep Clearly Defined Working Hours Question 32: The word “accountable” in paragraph mostly means A colourful B responsible C proficient D exclusive Question 33: According to the passage, if you work on the same schedule as your co-workers, your work may be A easier B more regular C readier D more collaborative proficent (adj) thành thạo exclusive = unique (adj) … Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier Question 34: Which of the following is TRUE about advice for those who work from home at night? A People should try to work more as they are free at night B People should continue working, they are at home C People should take a rest and come back tomorrow D People should finish thier work now or it will not be there tomorrow Question 35: The word “whom” in paragraph refers to A separation B boundaries C people D attention Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42 Today, Snyder is seeing the fruits of the collaboration In a recent issue of the Journal of Comparative Psychology (Vol 117, No 3), the research group published the first study of giant panda cub-rearing and separation The study is the first step in examining the impact of a common breeding practice in China: separating captive cubs before they are six months old so that the mothers will be able to reproduce again sooner Cubs in the wild stay with their mothers for 1.5 to 2.5 years Snyder and her co-authors, including Maple and psychologist Mollie Bloomsmith, PhD, theorize that separating cubs from their mothers too early may harm their social development, and could underlie why so many captive pandas fail to breed Captive males often show little sexual interest in females or are too aggressive The research team has also conducted urinary and behavioral analyses of female giant pandas during the breeding season, which is generally in the spring, and is examining the behavior of giant panda mothers Graduate student Megan Wilson, who also has worked in Chengdu, is investigating sequences of play-fighting for her dissertation And former graduate student and Chengdu researcher Loraine Tarou, PhD, examined giant panda cognition Tarou, now an assistant professor at Grand Valley State University in Michigan, is the first to examine how captive pandas forage for food and learn to adapt to changes in their environment She compared her findings with the cognition of the spectacled bear and found that while both use spatial memory to find food, the spectacled bears used visual cues the pandas did not pick up on tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind The work will be there in the morning … Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries… C get on The finding indicates that giant pandas' reliance on spatial memory alone may cause them to have difficulty when their food sources are abruptly changed or moved - a big problem for an animal that consumes nearly 30 pounds of bamboo a day While such basic research may not have immediate application, says Tarou, it is contributing to scientists' growing knowledge of the species (Adapted from https://www.apa.org/) Question 36: Which is the most suitable title for the passage? A Learning about pandas B Understanding breeding practice of pandas (Tìm hiểu thực hành nhân giống gấu trúc) C Snyder and her co-authors’ theory D How captive pandas forage for food Question 37: The word “underlie” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A obtain B generate C explain D develop Question 38: According to paragraph 3, what analyses has been done on female giant pandas during the breeding season? A spatial memory analyses B environment interaction analyses C food analyses D urinary and behavioral analyses Question 39: The word “conducted” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A look for B carry out D set off Question 40: Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage? A Captive panda cubs in China are often separated from mothers before they are six months B Separating cubs from their mothers early may be beneficial to their social development C Megan Wilson and Loraine Tarou examined panda breeding season D A panda consumes nearly 300 pounds of bamboo a day Bài đọc chủ yếu nói gấu trúc bị ni nhốt, cụ thể việc tách khỏi mẹ sớm ảnh hưởng underlie (v) sở của… obtain (v) thu generate (v) tạo … The research team has also conducted urinary and behavioral analyses of female giant pandas during the breeding season… conduct (v) tiến hành get on: trèo lên set off: khởi hành … The study is the first step in examining the impact of a common breeding practice in China: separating captive cubs before they are six months old so that… Question 41: The word “them” in paragraph refers to A difficulties B memories C food sources D giant pandas Question 42: According to the passage, why is it difficult for giant pandas to forage for food? A They use visual cues only B There are so many changes in their environment C They depend too much on spatial memory D They often pick up on unimportant information … The finding indicates that giant pandas' reliance on spatial memory alone may cause them to have difficulty… The finding indicates that giant pandas' reliance on spatial memory alone may cause them to have difficulty when their food sources are abruptly changed or moved… ... pollution tend to suffer from stress, impairments in memory and attention as well as difficulty reading “In Western Europe, the guidelines say, traffic noise results in an annual loss of at least