Tài liệu Bài thuyết trình tiếng Anh đề tài: Respiratory Acidosis doc

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSISDefinition:  A Primary increase in arterial PaCO2 leading to decrease in arterial pH..  It could be Acute or Chronic... Ventilation Perfusion Mismatching...  High

Respiratory Acidosis

Done by : Ibrahim Ali Al-Sayegh

ID# 2021040084

Supervised by : Dr Ibrahim Saeed

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

Definition:

 A Primary increase in arterial PaCO2

leading to decrease in arterial pH

 It could be Acute or Chronic

:

Either :

 alveolar hypoventilation

Or

 V/P mismatching

Alveolar hypoventilation

1 -Respiratory Center suppression

: Can be suppressed by many factors like : drugs

2 -Neuromuscular Junction : Ex : mysthenia gravies

3 -Respiratory Muscles: Ex : myopathy

4 -Pleural Cavity: Ex : pneumothorax

5 -Lung Parenchyma and Airways

: Ex: obstructive lung disease ( BA & COPD )

Alveolar hypoventilation

V/P mismatching

 pulmonary embolism

 Pneumonia

 Acute respiratory distress syndrome

 Collapsing of alveoli

 fibrosis

Ventilation Perfusion Mismatching

Alveolar Hypoventilation

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

The Value of “A-a” Gradient:

 Calculation:

1. paCo2 X 1.2 = X

2. 150 – X = “A”

3. A (alveolar O2) – a (arterial O2) = A-a gradient

 Normal A-a Gradient = Up to 15 mmHg

 High A-a Gradient Vent Perfusion

mismatching

 Normal A-a Gradient Alveolar Hypoventilation

ABG finding in repiratory

acidosis PH PCO2 HCO3

Acute

d

Chronic o r

compensated Normal increased increased

Clinical manifestation

:

duration of respiratory acidosis

 Precipitous rise in PCo2 can lead to :

 Confusion , anexity , psychosis , flapping tremor , seizure

 Signs of catecholamines release : diaporesis ,

increase heart rate and high cardiac output,

flushing

 Coma in PCo2 > 60 mmHg ( Co2 narcosis)

 Signs of chronic hypercapnia :

 Fatigue , lethargy in addition to finding in acute

hypercapnia

:

 Treatment of repiratory acidosis aimed

primarily at :

 Correction of underlying cause

( COPD,asthma, pulmonary embolism ….)

 And

 Ensuring adequate ventilation

Roles in management

:

 in management of patient with respiratory

acidosis >>> we don’t give him 100% oxygen to not suppress the respiratory center

 Also , sedatives , narcotics are contraindicated unless we will put the pt on ventilator

below 7.1

posthypercapnic alkhalosis > specially in patient with chronic respiratory acidosis