AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 4 FROM THE BOOK “MANAGING OF GUEST EXPERIENCE IN HOSPITALITY” BY ROBERT c FORD; CHERRILL p HEATON, 2000

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH  TRAN THI THANH TUYEN AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK “MANAGING OF GUEST EXPERIENCE IN HOSPITALITY” BY ROBERT C FORD; CHERRILL P HEATON, 2000 MAJOR: ENGLISH FOR TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION CODE: K22.701 DA NANG - MAY 2020 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH  TRAN THI THANH TUYEN AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK “MANAGING OF GUEST EXPERIENCE IN HOSPITALITY” BY ROBERT C FORD; CHERRILL P HEATON, 2000 MAJOR: ENGLISH FOR TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION CODE : K22.701 SUPERVIOR: HUYNH VU CHI TAM, M.A Da Nang, 2020 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To teachers in Duy Tan University! To my supervisor – Ms Huynh Vu Chi Tam! During the years of university study with the guidance of a teacher, the care of his family and his friends in cooperation, I gained valuable experience and knowledge I am grateful to all of you for your help, valuable experience, helpful lessons, and advice from everyone who will support me in the future, especially my career First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to all teachers of Faculty of English, who taught me a lot of valuable lessons and skills, not only in English but also in life during the last years In particular, I wish to thank so much to Ms Huynh Vu Chi Tam for her valuable and detailed guidance, comments and suggestions, as well as enthusiasm and whole-heartedness throughout this study This graduation paper could not be finished without the invaluable help, advice, and encouragement from her I also want to take this opportunity to thank to my family and my friends, who give me with encouragements, supports and inspirations, especially when I got in trouble Moreover, the shortcomings in this graduation paper are unavoidable Therefore, I hope to receive the sympathy from teachers and friends At last, I wish all of you good health and success Sincerely, Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in the whole or in part from a thesis by which have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the thesis This thesis has not been submitted for award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Da nang, May 2020 Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A ABSTRACT  This graduation paper is a suggested translation of the chapter “Developing The Hospitality Culture: Everyone Serves!” in the book “MANAGING OF GUEST EXPERIENCE IN HOSPITALITY” (2000) by Robert C Ford; Cherrill P Heaton, 2000 from English into Vietnamese First, I give a general introduction about the reasons for choosing topic, then translating the English version into Vietnamese version Next, I also analyze some necessary issues such as vocabulary and structure in this paper Last, the difficulties in the translation and some essential solutions are suggested at the end of the graduation paper Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A ABBREVIATIONS  S : Subject V : Verb Ex : Example E : English V : Vietnamese O : Object TL : Target Language SL : Source Language Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS .iv TABLE OF CONTENT v PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 RATIONALE .1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES .2 2.1 Aims 2.2 Objectives THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY THE TEXT FEATURES THE TEXT LENGTH .4 THE TEXT ORGANIZATION THE TEXT SOURCE .5 PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1.2 Types of categories 1.2.1 Full and Partial Translation .7 1.2.2 Total and restricted translation Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A 1.2.3 Phonological translation 1.3 Methods and Principles 1.3.1 Methods 1.3.2 Principles .12 1.4 Context in translating 14 CHAPTER 2: SUGGESTED TRANSLATION 15 CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS 47 3.1 Difficult Words and Phrases 47 3.1.1 Words with multi-meaning 48 3.1.2 Untranslatable words and phrases 51 3.2 Synonyms 54 3.3 Idioms 57 3.4 Challenging Structures 60 3.4.1 Passive Voice 61 3.4.2 Complex structure 62 3.4.2.1 Relative Clause 62 3.4.2.2 Noun Clause 63 3.4.2.3 Reduced Clauses .66 3.5 Empty Subject .69 3.6 Compound – Complex Sentence 69 CHAPTER 4: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 71 4.1 Difficulties 71 4.2 Solutions 72 PART C: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 74 Summary of findings .74 Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A Suggestions .75 REFERENCES 77 Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 38 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A hoạt động đủ tốt để coi hợp lệ đó, việc dạy cho thành viên cách xác để nhận biết, suy nghĩ cảm nhận liên quan đến vấn đề đó." Example 31: A belief is how people in organizations make sense of their relationships with the external world and its influence on the internal organization (paragraph 42) The noun clause is “how people in organizations make sense of their relationships with the external world” Functions as subject compliment This is my suggested version: Suggested Version: Niềm tin cách người tập thể thấy ý nghĩa mối quan hệ họ với giới bên ảnh hưởng tổ chức nội Example 32: After a few instances of managers saying one thing but rewarding or not punishing another, everyone knows what the real level of service commitment is (paragraph 8) In the sentence, the author used a noun clause “what the real level of service commitment is” work as an objects and modifying the verb “knows” So, I translated it into Vietnamese Suggested Version: Sau vài trường hợp mà người quản lý nói điều khen thưởng hay phê bình người khác, nhân viên biết mức độ cam kết thật việc phục vụ khách hàng Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 39 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A 3.4.2.3 Reduced Clauses (i) Reduced adjective clause As we know, relative clause is a kind of subordinated clause, one of whose argument shares a referent with main clause element on which the subordinate clause is grammatically dependent [11] However, sometimes, to make the writing more fluent and to eliminate the overuse of “that”, “who”, “which”, we reduce them Example 33: “People entering one culture type from another quickly learn that the behaviors and actions rewarded and respected in their former organization may not be respected or rewarded in the new one.” (paragraph 5) In this sentence, we have a reduced relative clause The reduced clause “Entering one culture type from another quickly learn” is reduced adjective clause The relative pronoun was reduced If I reproduce the clause as “… who enter…” and translate the full sentence as “Những người tham gia vào loại hình văn hóa từ văn hóa khác nhanh chóng biết hành vi hành động” This translation verbose and unnatural So, I only translated as: Suggested Version: “Những người tham gia vào loại hình văn hóa từ văn hóa khác nhanh chóng biết hành vi hành động khen thưởng tôn trọng tổ chức cũ họ khơng tơn trọng khen thưởng văn hóa chỗ làm mới.” Example 34: “On the other hand, managers trying to create an open-culture organization constantly encourage their people to grow and develop by interacting with others in the industry, to benchmark against best-practice Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 40 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A organizations wherever they can be found, and to consider ideas and innovations developed outside the organizational boundaries.” (paragraph 34) In the sentence, the reduced clause “managers trying to create an openculture organization” modified the noun “an open-culture organization.” If reproducing this reduced clause, we will have “…organization which constanly encourage ” After analyzing, it is more easyto translate, and this is my translated: Suggested Version: Mặt khác, nhà quản lý cố gắng tạo công ty với văn hóa mở họ khơng ngừng khuyến khích nhân viên họ học hỏi hỗ trợ lẫn nhau, để trở thành tiêu chuẩn so với doanh nghiệp thực hành tốt nơi mà họ tìm thấy, nhằm để khẳng định ý kiến phát triển sang kiến phạm vi bên tổ chức 3.4.2.4 Complex sentences Example 35: “While most people can readily give examples of organizations that fit the two types, few can really explain what makes the two types different.” (paragraph 18) In the sentences, we have a supordinate clause: “While most people / can readily give / examples of organizations that fit the two types” Subject Verb Object Independent clause: “Few / Subject can really explain / what makes the two types different” Verb Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Objects Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 41 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A Suggested Version: “Khi hầu hết người dễ dàng đưa ví dụ doanh nghiệp phù hợp hai dạng, người thực giải thích điều làm cho hai dạng khác nhau.” Example 36: “On the other hand, managers trying to create an open-culture organization constantly encourage their people to grow and develop by interacting with others in the industry, to benchmark against best-practice organizations wherever they can be found, and to consider ideas and innovations developed outside the organizational boundaries.” (paragraph 30) In the sentence, Supordinate clause: “wherever / they / can be found, and to consider ideas Conjuntion Subject Verb and innovations developed outside the organizational boundaries” Independent clause: “On the other hand, managers trying to create an openculture Conjunction Subject organization / constantly encourage / their people to grow and develop by interacting with Verb others in the industry, to benchmark against best-practice organizations, and to consider Object ideas and innovations developed outside the organizational boundaries” Suggested Version: “Mặt khác, nhà quản lý cố gắng tạo công ty với văn hóa mở họ khơng ngừng khuyến khích nhân viên họ học hỏi hỗ trợ lẫn nhau, để trở thành tiêu chuẩn so với tổ chức thực hành tốt Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 42 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A nơi mà họ tìm thấy, nhằm để khẳng định ý kiến phát triển sang kiến phạm vi bên tổ chức.” 3.5 Empty Subject “It and There” is used to replace the subjects which are too long or emph asize the idea that the author would like to express Example 37: “While there are always other things to do, these managers make the time to reinforce culture.”  While Suppordinator there are always other things SF V SR to do, Reduced clause these managers make the time to reinforce culture S V O Suggested Version: “Dù có việc khác để làm, người quản lý ln dành thời gian để củng cố văn hóa.” 3.6 Compound – Complex Sentence Example 38: “Whatever cultural training Disney provides after these people become employed is icing on the cake; they arrive already believing in the Disney standards of excellence.” (paragraph 15) This is the compound-complex sentence As we know, a compoundcomplex sentence is made from two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses In this sentence, the dependent clauses are “Whatever cultural training Disney provides”, “provides after these people become employed is icing on the cake”; the independent clause is “they arrive already believing in the Disney standards of excellence.” The independent clauses and the dependent clause is connected by the semicolon Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 43 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A In the noun clause “Whatever cultural training Disney provides”, the main subject is “Whatever cultural training Disney”, the verb is “provides” In the adverbial clause “after these people become employed”, the subject is “these people”, and the verb “become” This is clause of time because it contains the subordinating conjunction “after” In addition, the adjective “employed” is reduced form of the relative clause “who is employed” modifying the verb “become” In the independent clause “they arrive already believing in the Disney standards of excellence.”, the main subject is “they”, the main verb is “arrive” Suggested Version: “Bất khóa đào tạo văn hóa mà Disney cung cấp cho nhân viên sau họ làm việc quý giá; họ đến với niềm tin tiêu chuẩn tuyệt vời Disney” Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 44 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A CHAPTER 4: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 4.1 Difficulties During my time at the Department of English, I was taught some subjects related to translation, which was really helpful for me However, what I have learned is clearly not enough to deal with all the difficult words, phrases and structures, translating complex structured texts is still my big challenge Because each language has a specific characteristic and expression In addition, grammar, vocabulary, syntax or specific terms are particularly important factors that affect translation quality Therefore, to accurately translate a text from English into Vietnamese is a very difficult task In particular, there are some meaningful words in the dictionary, but there are also many words that cannot be translated and the word itself has many meanings in the text, requiring me to use many dictionaries and books They are sometimes not even defined in any dictionary, so I have to determine their meaning depending on the context of the text Moreover, I also face many problems with idioms in English which are sometimes considered too simple, but in reality it is not Before doing this, I thought that I could become a good translator But now, I know that I need to learn a lot, and learn the knowledge I need to be a good translator Another issue, structure is the most important part of my graduation essay, which I need to pay double attention to The structures in Vietnamese and English are very different There are many structures that are very common in English but they not exist in Vietnamese, for example, empty topics Therefore, when translating this type of structure, it is really a challenge for translators because they must understand the author's intention, then use another structure in Vietnamese to express During the analysis, I had to choose some structures that were really challenging and challenging for me, then translate and analyze them as accurately as possible In all types of Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 45 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A structures, sentences have many different types of clauses, including relative clauses, noun clauses, adverb clauses, and complex phrases Analyzing them requires solid, careful, focused knowledge and requires a lot of effort During the translation process, I also had a lot of difficulties translating text However, I tried my best to find the best solution and recommend the best version The problem can be solved if we really try In conclusion, I think the hardest part for me is still vocabulary and structure, but in my opinion, any problem can be solved if we really try and be determined 4.2 Solutions During the translation process, difficulties are inevitable However, I have my own way to solve these problems I have tried my best to solve by using all the knowledge and what I have learned for four years, besides I also search the Internet, look up the dictionary and and asking for my supervisor’s support In order to translate words and idioms that could not be translated correctly, I had to consult some reliable dictionaries such as the Oxford Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary, etc and then choose the most accurate and appropriate meaning With polysyllabic words, I had to read the entire original text to get the author's main idea before translating and I could cover the content of the text to get an overview In the process, I also rewrote the words, phrases and idioms that I felt would cause difficulties in my translation process After that, I had to consider carefully in a given context and made my decision about what meaning was the best option for the context in my text If I feel that my translation is not correct, I will ask my supervisor to give me some advice and solutions, she will show me how to analyze these challenging structures or how to choose the best meanings for difficult words Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 46 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A Being the same as vocabulary, structural analysis also requires me to focus as much as possible To be honest, it is not too difficult to have an accurate analysis of the structure if we master the knowledge and are truly distracted To this, I had to review all the common structures that I had learned and choose the exact types of sentences and clauses In particular, for sentences with many types of clauses, distinguishing them is extremely important but also complicated, so I asked a lot of theoretical questions and examples of clauses and also wrote them on the handbook of difficult words or terms Besides, I also look up the Internet for analysis based on available examples I also look up the Internet for analysis based on available examples Then put them in the appropriate context and compare with the meaning mentioned in the dictionary However, with words that are not in the dictionary, I have to follow the context of the text and select the appropriate meaning Last but not least, I think my supervisor's enthusiastic support is the most reliable She gave me lots of advice and helpful explanations for what I couldn't translate and how to analyze the sentences to fit the context Moreover, this is the first time I have done such a big and difficult task, so the translation process cannot avoid shortcomings So she is really my savior During the translation process, translators often face many difficulties and challenges Without a solid knowledge of structure and style of writing, they are very likely to make mistakes and I am no exception I had a lot of difficulties translating this text However, I tried my best to find the solution and proposed the best version I also realized that to become a good translator, I needed to know more, and have a deeper knowledge in many fields, to be able to translate text meaning as smoothly as possible Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 47 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A PART C: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS Summary of findings In the process of completing this graduation essay, I realized that I still had many mistakes and omissions After four years of studying at university, I was taught the knowledge and skills needed to become a translator But until I started doing my final assignment and in the process of completing it I knew t hat what I had learned was just a grain of sand in the desert This graduate ess ay has helped me improve my analytical and verbal skills Moreover, in the pr ocess of completing the graduation paper, I also accumulated a lot of new and useful knowledge for future work While translating, I realized that I lacked vocabulary in both SL and TL There are so many words that I don't know what they mean, they confuse me and make it difficult to switch languages Moreover, the lack of Vietnamese v ocabulary makes me confused when expressing an idea from English to Vietn amese Therefore, improving vocabulary is very important and necessary for me at the moment Besides, when I started translating an area of hotel and restaurant, I real ized that specific knowledge of that field played a very important role to help me get an accurate translation Therefore, when starting to translate, translator s must study many fields to prepare the background and capture the ideas that the author wants to express However, as you may know, even though the doc ument I translated is the hotel restaurant document, I know nothing about this area Therefore, I faced many different difficulties After a while I tried to sear ch and research information on this field through articles and the Internet, as well as many books at the school library I was able to successfully convert so me terms exactly Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 48 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A This graduate document also showed that my grammar was not good, many sentences I misunderstood, so it led to the translation One of the reason s is that I forgot and also during the course of learning I neglected, so I only re member a few knowledge of grammar and syntax Through this graduation th esis, I realized the shortcomings that I needed to improve, but at the same tim e it was also a good opportunity for me to prove my understanding In the process of translating and analyzing this graduation document, I l earned and found many useful things for myself My translation skills have al so improved through the translation process Now, I know how to handle the p roblems in the original document for a better proposed version Moreover, I al so know how to translate the author's ideas into Vietnamese more smoothly Besides, I also learned how to use equivalent meanings in TL to express ideas of text Complex structure is also one of the difficulties that I need to pa y more attention to Therefore, after completing my graduation papers, I was a ble to easily analyze them to get the best results After all, I know that I still have a lot of shortcomings in translation to be a good translator Therefore, in order to become a good translator and master the knowledge, I will have to constantly try to learn and improve my knowledge and skills for my job Besides, I will spend more time practicing and improving my ability and understanding to serve my future work Suggestions I have some suggestions for Duy Tan University in general and the Faculty of Languages in particular, and I hope that my proposals will gain a consensus and contribute a little something to the school and the Faculty of English First, I would like to suggest that the number of credits for a graduation pro ject should be increased to at least four credits as this is the biggest mission an d turning point in four years of student study I firmly believe that increasing t Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 49 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A he number of credits will help students work harder and be motivated to comp lete the graduation exam in the best way Secondly, like most students, I would like to have more translation-related s ubjects in different fields such as educational translation, economic translation, social translation, etc To add foundation knowledge and a stepping stone for students after graduation I was a trainee at an English center so I realized ther e were many things I had never learned at school Therefore, teaching specific knowledge for each major of translation during the course of university will e quip students with some of the knowledge necessary to overcome difficulties With these designated subjects, the quality of graduates will also be significan tly improved My final suggestion is that the department should provide students with mo re options for a second language in the curriculum such as Korean and Japane se, etc If students learn and work with their true passion, I am sure that they will feel more confident in expressing themselves, and will achieve better resu lts In summary, I hope that all of my suggestions will play a useful role in the improvements of the English Department, and even of Duy Tan University Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 50 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A REFERENCES I BOOKS Vietnamese [1] Bùi Tiến Bảo - Đặng Xuân Thu, (1999), Interpreting & Translation Course Book [2] Hữu Ngọc, (2010), A handbook for the English language translator, World Publishing House [3] Trần Chí Thiện, (2002), 1000 câu hay tiếng Anh, Ho Chi Minh City Publishing House [4] Nguyen Manh Quang, (2013), Translation theory, Department of Foreign Languages of Duy Tan University English [5] Catford J C (1965), A Linguistic Theory of Translation, Oxford University Press [6] Blackwell Duff A, (1990), Translation, O.U.P [7] Roger, T Bell, (1991), Translation, Cambridge University Press [8] Tudor Ian, Dr, (1965), About translation theory, Cambridge II WEBSITES [11] http://www.academia.edu [12] http://www.vndic.net [13] https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com [14] https://www.phrases.org.uk Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328 Graduation Paper 51 Supervisor: Huynh Vu Chi Tam, M.A III DICTIONARIES [13] Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, Oxford University Press [14] Cambridge Dictionary | English Dictionary, Translations & Thesaurus [15] Free Online Vietnam Dictionary Student: Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen Code: 2220316328  INSTRUCTOR’S COMMENT  ...MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH  TRAN THI THANH TUYEN AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK “MANAGING OF GUEST EXPERIENCE. .. developing and maintaining a service culture It also shows many angles of the managerial performance and importance of the manager, including handling situations, ways of communicating information... ABSTRACT  This graduation paper is a suggested translation of the chapter “Developing The Hospitality Culture: Everyone Serves!” in the book “MANAGING OF GUEST EXPERIENCE IN HOSPITALITY” (2000) by