Pesticide Residues in Coastal Tropical Ecosystems: Distribution, fate and effects - Chapter 2 ppsx

... small landholders. Ghana’s land use includes 12 percent in arable land, 7 percent in permanent crops, 22 percent in permanent pastures and 35 percent in forests and woodlands with the remaining 24 ... Ghana. PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN BIOTA AND NON BIOTIC MATRICES IN THE INLAND, COASTAL, AND MARINE ECOSYSTEMS OF GHANA OC residues in the interior of Ghana Osafo Acqua...

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... 2, 227 0 .27 2, 239 0.33 2, 259 0.40 2, 497 0.60 Chittagong 1,900 0.50 1,936 0.63 1,985 0.78 2, 289 0. 92 Rajshahi 2, 565 0. 32 2,600 0.39 2, 751 0.54 2, 964 0.74 Khulna-Barishal 1,957 0.34 1,995 0.39 2, 178 ... kg –1 p,p´-DDE 2. 19–7. 62 mg kg –1 p,p´-DDD 0.08 mg kg –1 Mymensingh Sediment 1993 p,p´-DDT 0.71–10.05 mg kg –1 Narsinghdi o,p´-DDT 0.38 2. 43 mg kg –1 (paddy field) p,p...

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... Pesticide residues in marine, estuarine, and fresh waters of India 98 5 .2 OC pesticide residues in plankton samples from Indian waters 100 5.3 Pesticide residues in marine, estuarine and freshwater sediments ... from Indian waters 1 12 5.7 OC pesticide residues in marine, estuarine, and freshwater organisms of India 114 5.8 OC pesticide and PCB residues...

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... 40. 02 SN 1 65.70 10.500 0.16 34.70 2. 23 0.8 82 SN 2 ND ND ND 51.50 16.10 0.019 RZ 1 13.64 9.340 0.68 2. 27 ND 2. 660 RZ 2 16.60 ND 32. 70 25 .50 ND G 3 5. 62 ND 20 .50 12. 00 3.590 G 1 20 .04 0.3 92 0. 12 ... Island 14/F 5.66 0 .20 20 .31 – 1.49 1. 62 23. 62 Nyaodza River 15/M 55. 32 0.69 23 .39 – 2. 28 4. 12 30.48 16/F 58.04 8 .23 21 .97 – 13.50 12. 47 88.71 17/F 35....

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... 3 12. 1 74.4 6 82. 6 776.4 1994 479.3 28 6.5 84.5 4 32. 8 1 ,28 3.1 1993 428 .7 27 2 .2 64.1 441.8 1 ,20 6.8 19 92 505.0 22 8.5 101.7 457.1 1 ,29 2.3 1991 20 2 .2 146.8 41.8 22 3.8 614.6 1990 26 0.3 159.4 55.6 169 .2 ... 644.5 1989 20 8.1 154 .2 30.7 328 .8 721 .8 1988 158.9 145 .2 28.5 329 .9 6 62. 5 1987 1 82. 3 173.4 28 .1 357.3 741.1 1986 134.9 121 .3 42. 6 28 1.3 580.1 ©...

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... 0.1–1.8 Sediment Dieldrin 0.8–4.7 β-HCH 0.6–8.0 γ-HCH 0.4–0.8 Aldrin 0.1 Rice-field Dieldrin 6.6 2. 49 fish α-Chlordane 2. 8–17.1 β-HCH 3.3–8 .2 Aldrin 0.3–1.1 Tanjong Karang, 19 82 Water α-HCH 0.5 Soon and Hock, Selangor ... in Various species of 1984 α-HCH 0. 02 5.3 Goethe et al., 1987 the coastal waters off marine fish 1986 β-HCH 0. 025 –3.1 the Malay Peninsular and 1987 γ-HCH 0...

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... 36.01 1980 35,481 24 .91 26 ,22 7 22 .77 1981 35,147 24 .68 21 ,100 18. 32 19 82 32, 9 42 23.13 20 ,28 4 17.61 1983 50,796 35.64 25 ,658 22 .27 Note: a Mean of usage for 1970– 72 equals 100 percent. © 20 03 Milton ... 74, 828 Volatile 519 0.69 475 0.64 21 1 0 .28 CO 2 31,534 28 .78 33,0 42 44.16 42, 559 55.54 Bound 0 0 965 1 .29 19,198 25 .66 BHC 118 ,29 4 Volatile 22 ,...

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... than 2, 000 km 2 – include Grande de Térraba (5,000 km 2 ); Tempisque (3,400 km 2 ); Reventazón- Parismina (3,000 km 2 ); Sixaola (2, 700 km 2 ); San Carlos (2, 650 km 2 ); Grande de Tárcoles (2, 150 ... near coastal areas Pre-planting runoff, erosion non-point weed control: herbicides soil insects: insecticides Post-planting aerial drift non-point soil and stem insects: runo...

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... 6– 12 12 18 Ametryn 2 0.8 22 77.1 4 3.04 17 79.8 7 4.83 22 .4 72. 6 Prometryn 2 0.9 20 .2 78.9 4 1.8 21 .4 76.8 7 5.1 25 .3 69.6 Simazine 2 0.57 15 84.3 4 2. 42 17 80.5 7 8.11 28 .8 62. 9 Bromacil 2 9.78 ... 62. 9 Bromacil 2 9.78 42. 1 62. 9 4 56.0 23 .8 48.0 7 48.1 42. 5 20 .0 Atrazine 2 17.7 40.5 41.8 4 25 .7 33.5 40.8 7 48.3 22 .2 31.95 Atrazine 7 1.69 5 .20 93.1...

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... Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla 3 52 16 13 2 13 196 16 ,20 0 4,050 St Lucia 620 8 21 5 13 158 21 ,060 2, 835 St Vincent and the Grenadines 389 10 18 5 36 84 18 ,22 5 810 Trinidad and Tobago 5, 128 15 9 2 46 3 62 139, 320 6,075 Source: ... 2, 025 Grenada 340 15 18 3 9 121 16 ,20 0 810 Guyana 21 4,970 2 0 3 84 459 833,895 2, 430,000 Jamaica 10,990 14 6 24 17 1, 022 24 1,380 24 7,050...

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