g NH4NO2 N2 + 2H2O
Nj + 0 2 2 N O 2 N O + O2 > 2NO2 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O > 4 H N O 3 5 H N O 3 + P > H 3 P O 4 + 5NO2 + H2O H 3 P O 4 + 3 N H 3 > ( N H 4)3P04 A l + 4 H N O 3 > A1(N03)3 + NO + 2H2O 2A1(N03)3 AI2O3 + 6NO2 + - O 2
2
AI2O3 + 2 N a O H > 2NaA102 + H.Ọ
Itai 5. Cho sd do chuyen hoa sau :
. + d d H N 0 . , ( l ) A t° A - " N H g . t " ^ A + d d H C U 0 2 , A - ^ d d N a O H A ->-đNH;, .
+ d d H 2 S ( 2 ) ( 4 ) + A , , t "
A 3 A 5
V i e t phUdng Irinh hoa hoc cua cac phan iJng xay ra thco sd do chuyen hoa tren. Biet cac chát tiT A | d e n A x la dong va cac hdp chát cua dong.
(TSDH, ct0 II - 2006) Giai
A , : Cu A 2: Cu(N03)2 A3 : CuS A 4: CuO
As : CU2O A f t : C u C b A 7: CuCOH), A x : |Cu(NH3)4](OH)2 (1) 3 C u + 8 H N O 3 loang > 3Cu(N03)2 + 2 N O + 4 H 2 O
(2) Cu(N03)2 + H2S > C u S i + 2HNO3
(3) Cu(N03)2 CuO + 2NO2T + ^ O . t
(4) CuO + Cu -A CU2O
(5) 3 C u O + 2NH3 3 C u + N2 + 3H2O (6) 2Cu + 4HC1 + O2 > 2CuCl2 + 2H2O
(7) CUCI2 + 2 N a O H > C u ( 0 H) 2 i + 2 N a C l (8) C u ( 0 H) 2 + 4NH3 > [Cu(NH3)4](0H)2.
i a i 6, Hoan thanh cac phÚdng trinh phan uTng sau : a) Fe + H N O 3 >? + NO +?
b) F e, 0 , + H N O 3 >? + NO2 +?
c) M + H N O 3 > M ( N 0 3 ) „ + N2O +?
d) Zn + H N O 3 > Zn(N03)2 + N2O + NO + NH4NO3 +?
^e) Fe304 + H N O 3 > F e ( N 0 3) 3 + N.Ô +?
I g) FeS2 +f) R + H N O 3 H N O 3 > ? + N 2 O , + > R(N03)„ + NH4NO3 + ? H 2 S O 4 + ? h) K M n 0 4 + P H 3 + H 2 S O 4 > K 2 S O 4 + ? + H3PO4 + ? Gidi K W A i g f i v i i r r a) Fe + 4 H N O 3 > FeCNOj), + NO + 2H2O b) FẹOy + H N O 3 > F e ( N 0 3) 3 + N O j + H.O
Fe,Oy + (6x - 2y)HN03 > xFe(N03)3 + (3x - 2y)N02 + (3x - y) H 2 0
c) 8 M + l O n H N O j > 8M(N03)„ + n N . O + 5 n H 2 0
d) Z n + H N O 3 > Zn(N03)2 + N j O + N O + N H ^ N O , + H2O
19Zn +,48HN03 > 19Zn(N03)2 + 2N2O + 2 N O + 2NH4NO3 + 2OH2O
+8/3 +5 + 3 + 2 y / x e) FcjÔ + H N O 3 > F e ( N 0 3) 3 + N^Ô + H2O
(5x - 2y)Fe304 + 2(23x - 9 y ) H N 0 3 > ( I 5 x - 6y)Fe(N03)3 + N,Oy + + (23 - 9 y) H 2 0
l^f) 8R + l O n H N O j > 8R(N03)„ + n N H ^ N O , + 3 n H 2 0
g) FeS2 + H N O 3 > F e ( N 0 3) 3 + H2SO4 + N 2 O , + H2O
(10 - 2x)FeS2 + (60 - 6x)HN03 > (10 - 2x)Fe(N03)3 + (20 - 4x)H2S04 +
+ 15N2O, + ( 1 0 - x) H 2 O
+ 7 -3 +2 +5
h) K M n O ^ + PH3 + H2SO4 > K2SO4 + MnSÔ + H3PO4 + H2O
8 K M n 0 4 + 5PH3 + I2H2SO4 > 4K2SO4 + 8MnS04 + 5H3PO4 + I 2 H 2 O .
B a i 7 .
a) V i e t hai phiTdng trinh phan tfng chiJng minh muoi nitrat dong vai trd oxi hoa trong m o i tri/cfng axit va moi trufcfng bazd. trong m o i tri/cfng axit va moi trufcfng bazd.
b) Viét day du bay phiTdng trinh phan xing theo scf do sau :
M u o i ( X ) -
(1)
Riln (X,) > Rdn (X^) + ^ . X3
• H S n h d p k h i > d d ( X , ) X,
Biét ( X 2 ): mau do; hon hdp k h i mau nau do; M la k i m loaị
Gidi
a) M u o i nitrat dong vai tro chát oxi hoa : * Trong m o i triTdng a x i t : * Trong m o i triTdng a x i t :
Cu + 2 N a N 0 3 + 4HC1 > CUCI2 + 2NO2T + 2NaCl + 2H2O
Phan dgng vk phuong ph^p giai H6a hpc 11 V6 cO - B5 XuSn Hifng
* Trong moi IriTcJng bazd :
8A1 + 3 K N O 3 + 5 K O H + 2H2O > 8 K A I O 2 + 3 N H , T b) X : Cu(N03)2 X, : CuO . X2 : Cu M : Ag Xj: F e C l 2 X 4 : HNOj X.,: AgNO, (1) 2Cu(N03)2 2CuO + 4 N 0 2 t + 0 2 t (2) CuO + H2 Cu + H2O (3) Cu + 2 F C C I 3 > 2 F e C l 2 + CuCb (4) 4 N O 2 + O2 + 2H2O > 4 H N O 3 (5) 4 H N O 3 + 3 A g > 3AgN03 + NO + 2H2O (6) 3 C U + 8 H N O 3 > 3Cu(N03)2 + 2N0 + 4 H 2 O
(7) F e C l 2 + 2AgN03 > Fe(N03)2 + 2AgCl4.
Bai 8. Viet cac phiTdng trinh theo sd do sau (moi chiJ cai la mot chat): N H 3 + CuO A,kM, + B + C N H 3 + CuO A,kM, + B + C A _L n 3000" c , p , A + O2 > tJ(khi) D + O2 > E(khi) B + CaO >F C + H N O 3 > D + B + G G CuO + E + O2 F + H N O 3 > CăN03)2 + B. Gidi A : N2 B : H2O C : Cu D : NO E : NO2 F : Ca(0H)2 G : Cu(N03)2 2NH3 + 3 C u O N2 + 3H2O + 3 C u N2 + O2 - ^ 2 ^ 2 N 0 2 N 0 + O2 > 2NO2 H20 + CaO >Că0H)2 3 C u + 8 H N O 3 > 2N0 + 4H2O + 3Cu(N03)2
Cu(N03)2 CuO + 2NO2 +
Că0H)2 + 2 H N O 3 > CăN03)2 + 2H2Ọ
78
jTgna 3.
- Nhgn biet va tach chdt - Tinh C h e c a c chdt