Dd chi diio va didu hanh chicn tranh dugc tap trung, thdng nhat kjp Ihdi Qudc hgi da giao quydn bfnh tilp trung vao Chfnh phii. Ban Thudng true Qudc hdi ludn ludn b ben ciinh Chfnii plui dd ban biic, tham gia y kicn vd cac chii trucmg, chfnh sach ldn va giam sal phe binh Chfnh phii vd mgi cdng viec kluing chicn. Song, chie'n tranh didn ra quycl lict nen vice Irieu tap loan Ban Thudng true Qudc lie)i cd khd kluln.
VI the Ban thudng true Qudc hgi quyet djnh :
- Trong thdi ky kluing chien vl linh the khd khAn nen chi cd Trudng ban Thudng true Qudc hot d cung Chfnh phu de giiip va theo ddi dudng ldi chfnh tri, cung vdi Chfnh plui dii d;.io cuc)c kluing chien loan dAn.
- Ciic ekii bieu Qud'c li()i se luy luing luc va elja vj mil tham gia v;lo mgi cdng uic kluing chicn.
- Ban ihudng true Qud'c hdi ihay miii loan the Qud'c lie)i trieu tiip va nlum cac y nguyen cila nhAn dAn, sira seum trieu lAp Qud'c hdi.
Theo quyet dinh tren, Trudng Ban Ihudng iruc Qudc hdi Biii BAng Doim da ludn luon d ben canh Chinh phii va tham du cac cuc)c hgp eua Hdi ddng Chfnh phu de gdp y kieli vdi Chfnh phii trong mgi cdng tac khang chie'n. DAy la net dac biet eua Nha nude Viet Nam - Nha nude khang chie'n.
NhAm lAng circmg sue manh, dimi biio didu hanh mgi cdng vice kjp thdi nhanh chdng, Chfnh phu Lien hiep da thdng nhat cac luc lugng qudc diln vd phuang dien quAn sir, tuyen truydn, himh chfnh, tu phap.
Nam 1947, Chfnh plui mot hin nua dugc ciii td. NhAm llurc hien khdi doim kel dAn ldc, Hd Chf Minh thay milt Diing Nha nude da mdi mot so nluin sy ganh vac cdng viec khang chicn:
- Phan Anh, giir clulc Bd trudng Bd Kinh te.
- Hoimg Minh Giam, giu chuc Bd trudng Bd NgOiu giao.
- Ta Quang Biru, gitl* chik Bd trudng Bd Qud'c phdng.
- DAng Van Hudng, giu chik Bd trudng Bd khdng bd.
Vd vA'n dd niiy, Tlidng biio cila trung uong vd thay ddi mot so nhAn vien trong Chfnh phu ngay 27-7-1947 cd giai thfch: "VI mudn cho Chfnh phii phiin anh khdi did doan kel toim dAn mc)t ciich rd nlng hem. VI muel'n chd'ng Am muu lAp Chfnh phil bu nhin ciia thuc dAn Pluip. VI muel'n l(;i cho vice luyen truydn qudc le, Trung uong da ciuycl djnh thay ddi m()l sd nhAn vien trong Chfnh plui, bek ngudi ciia Vict minh, mdl them nhAn sy vd diing phai".^'^ Tliang 11-1947, sau khi Bg trueVng Huynh Thuc Khiing qua ddi, Hd Chf Minh da mdi Phan Kc Toai ra lam Quydn Be) trudng Bd Ngi vu.
Nhu vAy, tu tudng nhiil quiin ciia Diing vii Nha nude ta tnrdc dAy cilng nhu khi cudc khiing chieii loan qud'c bimg nd, chfnh quydn pluii pluin iinh cho dugc khd'i diii doim kcl loan dAn, phiii quy lii dugc nlurng ngudi hicn tiii ra giiip nude.
Ngay 19-8-1948 Hd Chf Minh ky siic lenh 206/SL, thanh lap He)i ddng qudc phdng ldi cao. Ihii ddng qudc phdng tdi cao cd Inich nhicm didu khien cac UBKCIIC vd pliuemg dien kluing chien ndi cluing, va phdi he;p didu lulnh lat cii cac nganh liOiit ddng.
Hdi ddng qudc phdng tdi cao cd quydn ra cac vAn bim rieng trong ciua
(I) VKO- T 8-NXbCri QCl - 112002 - Tr 2-18
trinh chi dao khang chien. Ngay 25-7-1949, Hd Chf Minh da bd nhiem dng Pham Van Ddng giii chu'c Phd Tliii tudng va dng dugc cir giu chure Phd Chii tich Hgi ddng Qudc phdng ldi cao. Tir nAm 1950, nhicm vu, quydn hiin dire;c lAp trung vao Hgi ddng Chfnh phii nhAm dap irng yeu ciiu khang chicn trong thdi ky mdi.
Nhu vAy, vdi sir iham gia ciia Ban thudng true Qudc hdi. Hdi ddng Chfnh phil la co quan quydn lire tdi cao d trung uong dugc kicn toim, cilng co de kip thdi didu hiinh khang chien.
2. Kien toon ccrqnan chuyen nuln, Inrc Ihngc Irong kluing chicn:
Chie'n tranh la su thir sire quyel licl uen lAl ca ciic linh vuc ciia ddi sdng xa hdi ddi vdi mdt dAn te)c. Didu dd ddi hdi phiii nhanh chdng kie:n loan ciic co quan chuyen mdn, true thude de dap irng vdi yeu ciiu chi diio chicn tranh ciui Diing va Nlui nude.
Chi viii ngiiy khi cudc kluing chie'n loan qudc bimg nd, ngay 31-12- 1945, Chfnh phii ra Siic lenh sd 5/SL, llulnh lAp Uy ban tim cu liung uemg va Uy ban tiin cu ciia ciie linh, huyen, plui. She lenh quy djnh ngoiii nhiem vu nghien ciru kc hoach liin cu, di cu, Uy ban luly cdn nghien cilu va d6 nghj vdi Bd Kinh tc ke hoach siin xuAl va ddng vien nhAn dAn.^"
Ngiiy 22-l-1947,Chu lich Uo Chf Minh Uuiy miii D:ing, Nlui nude ky SAc lenh sd 08/SLcir nhAn vien cao cA'p viio Uy ban nay:
- Ong Biii BAng Dohn: Qui tjch - Ong Nguyen VAn Td : Phd Qui lich - Ong Phan Anh: Tliuky
Uy vien dai dien cho cac bd:
- Nguydn Xien, diii dicn Bd Ndi vu - L6 Triin Dik, diii dien Bg Kinh te
- 1 loang vAii Due, diii dicn Bd Canh ndng - Nguydn Viem Hiii, did dicn Bd Y le - Trinh vAn Phii, did dicn Bd Tai chfnh
(l)Vnl>iCl>-s6 I- 1947
- Dao Duy Ky dai dicn Be) Qudc gia Giiio due - Hoang Dao Tliuy diii dicn Bd Qud'c phdng
Trong qua irlnh kluing chien, dc trien khai manh me cudc kluing chie'n loan dan, toiin dien, diiy manh pha hoai kinh te djch, kien quyel liim thilt bai Am muu lA'y chien tranh nudi cliicii tranh ciia thuc dAn Phap, ngiiy 12-10- 1948, Chu ljch H6 Chf Minh ky SAc lenh sd 241/SL,dilt mgt Ban bao vAy kinh te djch. Ban bao vAy kinh lc djch cd nhicm vu theo ddi, ddn ddc kiem tra sir thi hAnli chfnh sach bao vAy kinh te' djch, phdi hgp vdi cac dja phuong thuc hien.
Ban bao vAy kinh tc djch dal direli quydn didu khien ciia He)i ddng Qudc phdng ldi cao Sau mot thdi gian boat de)iig, Nha nude ta cd quycl djnh id chik liii be) miiy Biin bao vAy kinh le djch theo linh ihAn ggn nhe;;, hieu quii. I'lieo y kieii CLia Chfnh phii, nhicm vu bao vAy kinh te' djch do Hdi ddng Qud'c phdng tdi cao trao cho mdl uy vien trong Hdi ddng phu tnich, d dudi liii cd ban Bao vAykinh te dich, nhu vay Bd Kinh te' khdng niim dire;c linh hinh, ciic dja phuong y liii vao co quan chuyen mdn. Hgi ddng Chfnh phii da quyel djnh trao trach nhiem bao vAy kinh le dich cho Bd Kinh te', d cac dia phirong la cac uy ban phai chju tnich nhicm trude Chfnii phii.
Chieii Iranh ddi hdi sir buy ddng sue ngirdi, sik ciui rAl ghe gdm, me)l trong nhirng boat dc)ng hieu quii la phong Iriio thi dua yeu nude. CAn cil vao nghj quyel ciia Hdi ddng Chfnh phii, dugc sir nhat trf ciia Qudc hdi, ngay 1-6-
1948, Chu tjch Hd Chf Minh da ky Sfic lenh sd 195/SL thanh lap Ban van ddng ihi dua iii qud'c. Biin viln ddng thi diui iii qud'c trung uemg gelm diii hicu Qudc hdi, Chfnii phii, vii did dicn Ciic eloiin the qiuln cluing. B;m cd nhicm vu viln ddng, ddn ddc, thu ihiip , phd bicn kinh nghiem vd ihi dua. Ciic Uy hiin khiing chien hanh chfnh ciic cap diii ke hoijch thi dua d dja phuong cd the giao eho Ban van ddng thi dua d dja phuong minh.
NhAm lAng cue^tng quan ly boat dgng cua bd nuiy nhii nude tir trung
uang deii dja phu<ifng, d a p ung yen Ciki cuii llnii hinh dAl n u d e , n g a y 18-12-
1949 Chfnh phii da ban himh vSiic lenh sd 138B/SL llulnh lAp Ban Ihanh tra Chfnh plui. Ban 'llumh lr;i Chfnh plui cd nhicin vu xem xcl thi lulnh chfnh s;ich, chil truong ciia Chfnh plui, thanh tra cac uy 'Icn kluing chicn lulnh chfnh, thanh tra sir khicu niu ciia nluin dAn. Ban llianh tra cd nhicm vu thanh tra c;ic
CO quan Chfnh phu cd quydn chal van ciic uy vien UBKCHC vii ciic vien d u k trong irudng he;p khrin cap, Ban Tlianh ira cd quydn lc7m huydn chirc nhung uy viCn vtl viCn chdc pham ldk
Cung ngay. Ho Chi Minh ky Siic lenh sd I38C/SL cir cac thanh vien ciui BanThanh tra gdm cac dng:
- H6 Tung MAu: Trirdng ban
- Trdn Dang Ninh: Phd trudng ban - Td Quang Dilu: Thanh tra *'*
Trong quii trinh kluing chieii, dd giiip Dimg va Nlui nuck cd nhung hoach djnh kinh te, ngiiy 14-05-1950 Hd Chf Minh ky Siic lenh sd 68/SL thanh lAp Biin Kinh te' Chfnh plui. Ban Kinh lc Chfnh plui cd nhicm vu nghien cilu, khdi thilo de dc Irlnh Chfnh phii nliuiig du An vd chfnh sach kinh le, hoac nhung vAii dd lien qium vd kinh te'. Thanh pluln gdm Tlui tudng Chfnh phii lu)ilc Phd Thu tudng Chfnii phii lam ehu tjch. Bg trudng hoac thil trirdng cac be):
Kinh le', Giao thdng Cdng chfnh, Tiii chfnh, Canh ndng, Lao ddng, Qud'c phdng la uy vien. Ngoiii ra cdn cd dai dicn Tdng Lien doim Lao ddng, He)i Ndng dAn, Mat tnln.^^*
Dc giiip Diing va Nlui nuck chuyen lo cdng lac nc)i trj, tiii ky hgp ciia Hdi ddng Chinh plui tluing 9-1950, da quyel dinh thimh lap Ban Ngi chfnh Chfnh plui. llico quyel dinh nay, nhicm vu ciia Ban ndi chfnh gdnu
- Nghien cilu, khdi thiio dd de trinh Chfnii phii nhung vii'n dd vc chfnii sach, chuong trinh hoac nhung vil'n dd quan trgng vd ndi chfnh.
- Theo ddi, kiem dicm linh hinh thuc hien chfnh sach, chuong trinh ngi chfnh ciia Chfnh plui.
Thiinh phan Biin Ndi chfnh phii gdm: Tlui tudng hay Phd llui tuekig lit chil tjch. Bd tnreuig hay Thu trireVng Bd Ndi vu va Bd Tu pluip la ihanh vien, ngoiii ra cdn cd Tdng thu ky Hdi ddng Chfnh phii va did dicn mat tran tham du.
Tir nam 1951, khi bru tiiy vao diiy m;mli phat trien kinh te. Vdi muc dfch quy dinh ro rang chik nAng nhicm vu va tranh nhung sai li1m lech hic trong hoiit ddng san xuAl, iheo dd nghi ciia Bd irudng Bd kinh te, Qui lich Hd Chf
f n T a p . ^ i c M u i a m l - m lll;iQ(illl (2)TapS.kienh 1950 TrLTe^Cilil
Minh da ky siic lenh 21/SL ngiiy 14-5-1951 ddi len Bg Kinh lc thimh Be) Cdng thucmg.
Ngay 6-5-1951, sau khi xem xet dd nghi eiia dng Be) IrUc^ng Bd Tai chfnh v^ dugc su thoa thuAn ciia Ban Tliudng true Qudc hdi, Chu tich Qifnh plui nude VNDCCH dil ra sde lenh 15/SL IhAnh lAp NgAn hang Qud'c gia Viet Nam.
NgAn hang Qudc gia Viet Nam thanh lAp cd nhiem vu phat hanh giA'y bidC, didu hoa luu hanh tidn tc, buy ddng vdn ciia nhAn dAn, didu hoii vil md rdng tfn dung de nAng cao siin xuAl ciia nliAn dAn vii pluil tricn kinh te nhii nude; Quan ly ngAn hiing Qudc gia Viet Nam, quiin ly ngoai te va thanh toiin che khoan giao djch vdi nuek ngoiii, quiin ly kim dung bfmg the lc himh chfnh, da'u tranh tien te vdi djch.
Trong ciuii Irlnh kicn loan chfnh quydn trung uemg, Diing, Nha nude ludn quan triet quan diem ggn, nhc, phii hgp ihdi chie'n. Tir nAm 1950 ira di do yeu cSu phat trie'n cua cudc khang chicn, Chfnh phu da ban hanh nhidu quy djnh nhAm tinh gian bg may chfnh quydn, dam bao hoat de)ng hicu quii. Chfnh vily da lAm ihay ddi co ban td cluic cac Bd va cac co quan thugc Bd.
Tren tinh thiSn dd, ngay 20-1-1950 Chfnh phii da ra SAc lenh sd 7/SL id chile tai Van phdng cac Bd va cac eo quan thugc Bd.
Theo SAc lenh, VAn phdng cac Bd va cac ea quan true thude Bg nay id chile lai nhu sau :
Dung driu vAn phdng cd mot Ddng ly vAn phdng vh ed ihcm 1 hay 2 Phd Ddng ly.
Nhung cluk Ddng ly su vii, phd Ddng ly sir vu, Cluinh vAn phdng, Tluim chfnh lir nay bai bd.
Van phdng Be) dugc chia thiinh nhidu phdng, bdn phdng diui ddu chung cho till cii ciic Bd ihco Ihu tu phdng 1, phdng 2, phdng 3 va phdng 4. Ngoai 4 phdng tren, cac Bd cd the td chile them mdt sd phdng phu trach nhu'ng cdng viec dilc biel ciui Bd. Mdi phdng se du mdt Trudng phdng luiy Phd phdng phu trach. Clie Be) trirdng luiy Tlul trudng cd thd cd mdt ihu ky giup vice.
Ddi vdi cac Nha, Sd,Vu, Vien due;c ciuy dinh nhu sau:
Nha : Mdt td chdc phu trach mot ngAnh cdng tac cua bd, cd he Ihd'ng dgc xudng dia phuong.
Sd : La mgl td chuc chuyen mdn vd quan ly kinh doanh. Sd phu trach mgt nganh cdng tac khong cd he Uidng dgc xudng dia phuong.
Vien : Lii mdl id chik ed tfnh chAl khao curu.
Dc thuc hicn nguyen tiic lAp trung dAn chu, biio diim tfnh thdng nhiil va tranh chdng cheo ciia bd may chfnh quydn trung uong, ngay 10/4/1952 Chfnh phii ra thdng tu sd ISS/Tlg vd chA'n chinh bd may chfnh quydn.
Thdng tu kluing djnh, Chfnii phii Irung uong la mc)l khdi thdng nluil, cac bd la bd phAn ciia khdi il'y. llcuit ddng ciia cac bd phiii khdp vdi hoiit ddng ciia Chfnh phii. Toiin be) cdng tac ciui Chfnh phil duge chia liim 4 bd phAn quAn sir, ndi chfnh, ngoai giao, kinh lc tai chfnh va vAn hoa xa hdi.
- Vd mill qiiAii sir do Bd Qud'c phdng, Tdng tu lenh phu trach.
- Vd mat Ndi chfnh, Chfnh phii da thanh lap Ban Ndi chfnh gdm cd Bd Ndi vu, Bd Tu phap va cd did dicn Ban thudng true Qud'c hdi va mru tran Lien Viet tham gia.
- Vd mat kinh tc' cd Ban kinh te gdm cac Be) Cdng thuong, Canh ndng, Giao thdng, Lao ddng, Tai chfnh, NgAn hang qud'c gia Vict Nam va cd dai dicn Ban Ihudng true Qud'c hdi, Miit IrAn Lien Vict, Tdng lien doan lao de)ng va Ndng hgi tham gia.
- Vd mill vAn hoa xa hdi ed Ban van hoii xa h()i gdm cac Bd tnrdng Bd Giiio due, Y te, Nha luycn truydn vAn nghe, cd diii dicn ciia Ban thudng trirc Qud'c hdi. Mat tnln Lien Viel vii Hdi lien hiep phu nu, Tdng doan Ihanh nien lluim du.
Tlii hiinh nhiJng vAn biin lren dAy, cac co quan chuyen mdn da ra Nghi djnh td chuc lai ciic bd, ciic ban chuyen mdn, true thude.
Nhu vAy, tn)ng tinh hinh kluing chicn bet sue gay go vii ac lict nhung dudi sir lanh diio ciia Diing, dihig dilu la Qui tjch Hd Chf Minh, Nha nude Trung uemg da dugc cimg cd va hoan thien tirng budc, phil hgp vdi linh hinh dAl nuck va tao dicu kicn dc xAy dung chfnh quydn each miing d cac dia phuong.