- LIC b6 di~u khicn giam sat trong m(>t h~ thong dieu khien ph:1n quyen PLC km
5. 9,~u kh'~n lrue
4.1.2. Thiel ke san pham va qua Idoh ph:il Iri~o
Quan ni~m thie" ke·
Thiet ke san ph&m co di¢n Iii phai tuan thll cae buoc thiet ke sau:
s~, cl1n thief. Xuat phat tir nhu cau clla khach hang, thong qua nghien cuu thi trLIang x:1y dlfIJ.g thanh nhu cau eua nhom khaeh hang titm nang.
Phon tfeh rc/n de'. Tim fa duqc ban chat th~t clla van
de
thong qua phan tleh. Xae djnh van d6 thicu chinh xac c6 the dan tai vi¢c lang phf thoi gian.ChuiJ'n bj d(ic die'm
ky
tJiu(j(, Neu r6 van d6, mQi sl! thuc ep d~t trong giai phap va cae tieu chi duqe su dl!ng de xet chat !uqng thiet ke. Khi neU vdn de, tat d cac chue nang dltQ'e yeu cau ella thift ke eung m9i d~e trung mong mu6n phiii dUQ'c xae djnh r6 (nhLI bang ke khai IltQT1g kieh thLIOC, iOZli va ph;:tm vichuyen dQng yeu cau . dQ chinh xac, cae yeu cau nMp/xuilt eua eac thanh pban, giao di~n, yeu cau ve nang sufit, m6i trltong ho'.l! dQng, cac tieu ehuAn lien quan
va cae guy chuan thlfc ti~n, v .. v.).
T(lo ra gidi pluip klld thi. cac giiii phap v':!ch ra duqc chuJn b! va tien hanh
du Cl,l th~ de bi~u I¢ cach lhuc thu duqc tlIng chilc nang duqc ycu cau. Xem xet cac khit nang thay the co- di¢n tii trcn mqi khfa qnh kinh te - ki thu~t.
LI/a ch{m cac gidi phap pilli hq-p. Danh gia cac giiii phap khae nhau
cJe'
chQn ra gdl.i phap phil hqp nhat.Thief ke' chi tier. CI,l tht hoa thiet
ke
d[i ehQn. Co the dn sim xmlt mau thii (prototyping) ho~erna
hinh hoaM
xae cJ!nh eac chi tiet toi uu Clla m9t thiet ke.Thier ke' gia ("(Jng. Chuy~n ban ve d1i ehQn thanh ban ve gia cang, bi~u do m,:!ch, V •• V, sao cho eac chi tiet co the ehe t<,lO dUdC.
Cac xu huang thiet ke
Thi~t ke co khf, phan etlng, m<;lch, phan mem dong 1hOi Iii. d~e diem trong phat trien san pham co di~n tiro Cae xem xct cho fhiit kiF dung thiJi (concurrent design) la:
+
Khd nang /iJp dip: t~o eho san phimkha
nang I&p nipde
dang, giam thai gian ehu ki trang san xuat, dieu nay gam:- Tninh hlp nip eh~t. Can trQng voi dung sai tich 1 uy t<;li cae chi tiet gher n6i. - Thiet ke cae chi tiet dinh huang
M
loi thieu hoa cae d¢ng tac thu congo - Tranh su dl!ng de chi tiet lam roi, nem Ctlng ho~e mat phuang hu&ng. - Ket hqp eh~c che d6i xling. trQng tam thap. cae be m~t dan hucmg. eac d(lc tinh de nh~n d1).ng, cae diem nam va dieu khi~n trong thiet ke ehi tiet.- Xem xet cae 10'ili chuyen d¢ng eua nguai va thiet bi Hlp san phfim, dan giiin hoa dc ehuyen dqng do.
- Thiet k€ dong thai san phfim va quy trinh. - Co gang dua san pham ve d~ng lap nip trl,le.
- T<;lo kh.l. nang dicu chinh de dang ho~e IO,:!i be. vi¢e dieu chinh hoan toano
*
Thiet ke khit nang lap nip la nhi¢m Vl,l eua cae nha thiet ke my thu~t cong nghi¢p theotu
van clla cae nha thiet ke m,:!ch di¢n, thu nghi¢m, ky thu~t cong nghi¢p va che t<)o.+ Khd ming che' ((10. lim kiem giiii pbap toi thicu hoa mue phuc t<)p ehe
t~o thOng qua giam s6 htqng chi tiet . Dieu nay dong nghia vai giam sai sot lap rap, nang cao chat luqng san pham. Ngoai ra con cho d9 tin c~y eao hem, chi phf tuoi thQ thap hem, tiet ki~m sue lao dqng thiet ke; giam khau mua ban, v~n chuyen. hIll kho, chO.
*
K Y su chc t<:Lo co anh huang Ian t6i dc kysu
thiet k6 my thu~t cong nghiep. ky su di¢n til trong qua tflnh thiet ke de t6i tru hoa s61uQllg chi tiet trung san phfim CC1 di¢ntlr'
cuoi cung.+
Klld Jl(lllg kf/m: thiet k€ san philm sao cho co the thu nghi~mde
va hi¢u qmt. Khii nang thil nghi~m clla thiet ke tht hi¢n hang so phan trilm clla cac chuc nang duqc phu hCii cac mlli kitm. Oic yeu t6 d~c bi¢tde
thiet ke cho khi nang kiem Ii:- nnh toan d¢ phu thu nghi¢m va cac yeu cau v~ thai gian. - Sir d1,lng cac thanh phan kiem gan li~n vao san phAm. - Phfln chia, ngan m<:Lch de d~t duqc hi~u qui ki~m cao nhat. - Thit~t k€ di~m truy c~p kiem.
- Thic't ke' thanh philn truy c~p.
- Thict k€ m<;lch va phan cUng. - Thi6t ke phan hien th! neu co sl! co.
- Can doi thiet
bi
kiem hi¢n c6 voi kha nang kitm cac thict ke.- NAm viiog khii. nang xay fa sai sot c6 the chap nh~n va thai gian de sua chua. - Trien khai trang che' l~O cae vectc1 kiem nghi~m tuemg thieh.
- "Tbict k€ cac cong cl,l co lht ket hqp trq giop
him
nghi¢m.*Ki su phan mem, ky su thiet k6 m<:Lch va ky su thir nghi¢m cung lam vi¢c
d6 toi uu hoB. khii nang thi'r nghi¢m clla thiet kc v6i. sl! giop dB va tU van cua ky
su cang nghi¢p.
+
Klld /lang dich vlJ. Xem xet kha nang dich vl,l doi vai san pham trang chu ki song clla no. Doi vai siin pham cC1 di¢n tir gia thap (low cost mcchatronics) vande
nay khong dn chuy
VI phuong an thay mai c6 the Iii tiet ki¢m hem. M¢t s6thanh ph:in d~e bi¢t cho thie"tk.e'
kha nang djeh v1,lla:- Thiel ke hien thi sl! co. - Thiet ke chfto doan liT xa.
- Xet dQ phil chu~n doan va khii. nang thL!c hi¢n, lam baa cao. - Xac djnh de yeu cau ve khil nang cl;lm thay the.
- Toi thieu hoa thOi giao sua chua.
- Tilog thai gian trung blnh clla cac CW?C gQi VI sl! c6.
- Thiel ke ph~c v1,l cho khil nang ket noi trong truang hqp khan. - Thiet kc d~ thao rai.
*
Chiu tfach nhi¢tn thiet k6 phan nay Iii ky SII kiem nghi¢m va ky su phftn m~m ket hqp vai ky Sl1 tiCp th~.+
Thief ke' qu{/c tl Thiel ke sao eho khong nhfrng dUQe .chap nMn a thi tnrang nuoe chu nha rna con co th~tai
thieu Juqe giac;:i
theo yeu cau khach hang ngoai nuoe. D6 IiI each thiet ke thea madun,de
tich hqp thea yeu cau cua quac gia mua san ph.:1rn. Oic chi tiet va cae tuy eh9n dLIge kct hgp ch~t che trang thiet ke de de chuyen d6i tir nuoc nay sang nuoc khac. Cac tham so tae dQng Jen thiet kc' qu6c te iii.:- Tieu ehudn khac nhau giiIa eac nuoc. - Cac yeu cau khac nhau v6 nang luqng.
- Cac van de ban quyen. Cae ticu chu<1n da d~ng ve an toan va moi truOng. - Giao di¢n voi nguai su dl:mg d6i voi cac chuin van hoa khac nhau.
- Rao dn ngbn ngiI va cae kh6 khan giao tiep khac.
Thief ke' xanh. Thiet ke san pham chu
y
dcn tac d¢ng cua no Jen m6i truemg. Giam thieu tac dQng thong qua giai phong baa goi, Slr J~ng v~t li¢u c6 the tai Slr dl)ng v ... v.A A'~ > A ' '"' A ' > "
