Diing ve mat cau tao cung nhu ve mat to churc cac bo phan, chung ta co the chia vo nao ra lam nhieu vung khac nhau, m6i vung co mot nhiem vu khac nhau, co kha nang tiep nhan va phan tich cac kich thich nhat dinh (vi du: anh sang, am thanh, ap luc, nhiet do, siic manh. v...) va duoc goi la phan tan cung hay la phan trung tam cua co quan phan tich. Theo Paplop, thi moi co quan phan tich la mot he thong hoat dong thong nhat gom co 3 phan :
a. Phan ngoai bien hay la phan thu cam;
b. Phan d in truyen gom ca cac trung khu than kinh trung gian,
c. Phan nao hay la phan trung tam tiic la vo nao. Chii y : hoat dong ciia cac co quan phan tich, chung ta hay lay co quan phan tich anh sang lam vi du. Gia su co mot ngon den chieu sang vao mat, chung ta se nhan thay rang, truOc het cac tia sang do duoc tiep nhan ngay tai vong mac la phan ngoai bien cua co quan phan tich anh sang. DuOi tac dung cua anh sang, trong vong mac se phat sinh qua trinh hung phan va hung phan nay se lap tuc duoc truyen truoc het den trung khu thi giac nam duOi vo nao, sau do se truyen den vo nao vao phan trung tam cua co quan phan tich anh sang (hinh sau,vung 17, 18, 19).
Phan ngoai cung cua co quan phan tich anh sang (la mat) co cau tao vo cung phiic tap. Trong vong mac ciia mat co nhiing yeu to cam giac anh sang, no co hang tram trieu te bao hinh que va chung 7 trieu te bao hinh non. Cac te bao hinh que tiep nhan anh sang m o va anh sang
trang con cac te bao hinh non tiep nhan cac anh sang mau den, vang, do, xanh ...
Trong vong mac con co cac te bao hinh hach, nhanh cua chung hop lai thanh day than kinh thi giac. Theo day than kinh thj giac, cac kich thich anh sang duoc truyen vao cac phan trong cua co quan phan tich thi giac. Phan trung tam cua co quan phan tich thi giac duoc ket cau tu hang trieu te bao than kinh noi ket voi nhau nhO cac nhanh va cac tri
Ban do cau true cua bo ban cau dai nao theo Brotman