whole mount confocal microscopy for vascular branching morphogenesis

... a protocol for preparing the samples for conventional light microscopy, and to later modify it for the confocal instrument if necessary Most of the methods for preparing specimens for the conventional ... years for preparing samples for the conventional wide field micro- 18 Paddock scope (22–25) A good starting point for the development of a new protocol for the confocal microscope therefore is ... lens for resolving individual cell nuclei within embryos and imaginal disks For large tissues, for example, butterfly imaginal disks, the 4× lens is extremely useful for whole wing disks, and for...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 01:50

... data set extends for some considerable depth into a sample, we may therefore have to restrict the displacement artificially, i.e., foreshorten the depth, for the sake of comfortable viewing The ... presenting confocal images, and confocal microscopes all offer stereoscopic views of confocal data sets without requiring additional software Stereo pairs are generally produced in confocal microscopy ... sample, and a pinhole detector, all three confocal with each other That is a confocal microscope.l-3 This confocal microscope has all the features we need for looking at a point inside a thick sample...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 09:38

... Contributors I OPTICAL MICROSCOPY, SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY, ION MICROSCOPY, AND NANOFABRICATION Confocal Scanning Optical Microscopy and Nanotechnology Peter J Lu Introduction The Confocal Microscope ... jianzuo@uiuc.edu I OPTICAL MICROSCOPY, SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY, ION MICROSCOPY AND NANOFABRICATION CONFOCAL SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY PETER J LU INTRODUCTION Microscopy is the characterization ... al., Confocal microscopy with an increased detection aperture: type-B 4Pi confocal microscopy Optics Letters, 1994 19(3): p 222–224 10 Schrader, M., et al., Optical transfer functions of 4Pi confocal...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:24

... nanomaterials in-situ SEM Scanning Microscopy for Nanotechnology should be a useful and practical guide for nanomaterial researchers as well as a valuable reference book for students and SEM specialists ... larger than it is for secondary electrons For this reason the lateral resolution of a BSE image is Fundamentals of Scanning Electron Microscopy considerably worse (1.0 µm) than it is for a secondary ... the arrangement of Fig 1.22b is therefore often employed A standard ET detector is provided as before, for occasions when the sample is imaged at a high WD, or for imaging tilted samples A second...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:41

... Characterization by atomic force microscopy of alzheimer paired helical filaments under physiological conditions Biophys J 2004, 86:517-525 13 Eaton P, West P: Atomic Force Microscopy New York: Oxford University ... detection Ultramicroscopy 2005, 105:215-238 22 Rasool HI, Wilkinson PR, Stieg AZ, Gimzewski JK: A low noise all-fiber interferometer for high resolution frequency modulated atomic force microscopy ... was determined using topography data from 135 × 135 μm2 scan The applied force ranged from 2.5 to 25 nN The threshold force for protein removal from diamond surface was about 10 nN This corresponds...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... Scanning Microscopy for Nanotechnology Scanning Microscopy for Nanotechnology Techniques and Applications edited by Weilie Zhou University ... nanomaterials in-situ SEM Scanning Microscopy for Nanotechnology should be a useful and practical guide for nanomaterial researchers as well as a valuable reference book for students and SEM specialists ... larger than it is for secondary electrons For this reason the lateral resolution of a BSE image is Fundamentals of Scanning Electron Microscopy considerably worse (1.0 µm) than it is for a secondary...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 10:20

... conformal index (CI) and the uniformity index (UI) had been used to evaluate the conformity and uniformity of the plan The volume received the mean dose for PTV generated from the DVH The conformal ... dose for one patient with original whole pelvic helical tomotherapy and giving V10 < 90%, V20

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... performed for a fixed number of injected particles (ntot = 108), to limit the total amount of particles to be used for a diameter of 50 nm The V s - d relation is different from that observed for ... predicted by just gravitation or volume forces For these small particles other forces as colloidal forces (van der Waals, electrostatic) are probably responsible for their margination, which arise ... to the vascular walls, 'sense' any significant biological difference between normal and abnormal endothelium and seek for fenestrations in the case of a passive strategy, or for specific vascular...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 00:22

... form colonies that not branch when co-cultured with HUVEC E Co-culture of VA10 and HUVEC cells, showing extensive branching network formation after 19 days in culture F-I Confocal images of branching ... and branching behavior through secretion of soluble factors Branching morphogenesis is one of the key developmental processes during lung development A recent seminal paper studying branching morphogenesis ... alone in rBM 3D matrix, a condition favorable for distal lung morphogenesis When cultured in 3D-rBM, the VA10 cells formed spherical colonies without branching (figure 1A) We have previously shown...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:23

... dilutions were 1:500 for laminins α1-α4 , 1:600 for laminin α5, 1:200 for laminin γ1, 1:800 for laminin γ2, and 1:50 for aquaporin-5 Electron microscopy For transmission electron microscopy, lungs ... required for lung branching morphogenesis Page of 12 (page number not for citation purposes) Respiratory Research 2006, 7:28 http://respiratory-research.com/content/7/1/28 Figure In vitro branching morphogenesis ... in branching morphogenesis [14] Because laminin-332 co-localizes with laminin-111, which is a known effector of lung branching morphogenesis in vitro, speculation of a role for laminin332 in branching...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... of those three different kinds of growth factors in a model of vascular formation has showed that VEGF initiates the formation of vascular vessels by vasculogenesis or angiogenic sprouting both ... is one of the most potent mediators of vascular regulation in angiogenesis and vascular permeability to water and proteins [2] VEGF is believed to increase vascular permeability 50,000 times more ... of vascular development though they may also contribute somewhat to the formation of vessel primordia [13] It is important that all of these factors must collaborate in perfect harmony to form...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... Instrumentations of CARS Microscopy 18 2.3.1 Laser sources for CARS microscopy 18 2.3.2 Laser scanning CARS microscope 19 2.3.3 Near-field CARS microscopy 20 ... CARS/SHG/TPEF multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy imaging technique for biomedical imaging High-quality CARS/SHG/TPEF images were acquired on the same platform for qualitative and quantitative diagnosis ... approaches for CARS microscopy need to be developed to improve the contrast of small scatterers 3) It is known that near-field CARS microscopy can achieve higher resolution than conventional CARS microscopy, ...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:54

... and detection schemes, and methods for nonresonant background suppression 2.2.1 Laser sources for CARS microscopy To choose the ideal laser sources for CARS microscopy, several parameters should ... and biomedical applications For example, multimodal NLO microscopy would be a potential approach for cardiovascular disease diagnosis Wang et al utilized multimodal NLO microscopy to image arterial ... liver disease transformations (e.g., fatty/fibrotic liver) This research indicated the great applicable potential of the integrated CARS microscopy and multiphoton microscopy for label-free biomolecular...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:00

... angiographic restenosis was associated with a lower rate of TLR (3.5% for SESs vs 18.5% for BMSs; 3.3% for PESs vs 12.2% for BMSs) More recently, the benefits of DESs have been confirmed in studies ... A) 35% DMF, B) 40% DMF, C) 45% DMF, D) 50% DMF, E) 15% Chloroform/Methanol (70:30), F) 20% Chloroform/Methanol (70:30), G) 25% Chloroform/Methanol (70:30), H) 15% HFIP and I) 20% HFIP solutions ... scaffolds cultured with SMCs for day (a) and 20 days (b&c) 125 Figure 6.1 Three different electrospinning setups for NCS fabrication (a) Direct electrospinning, Setup for random nanofiber covered...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:41

... resolution Confocal microscopy and multi-photon microscopy have been the most important methods for non-invasive, subsurface imaging in cellular level Nevertheless, the penetration depth of confocal ... depth information by evaluating the spectrum of the interferogram The Fourier transformation of the spectrum delivers the depth information For this type of OCT, there are two approaches For the ... reflection coefficient profile Therefore, Axially OCT/OCM is a combination of reflection confocal microscopy with low coherence interferometry, as a result when the confocal gating is matched to the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:10

... npn BJT under forward bias Figure 4.4: Emission spectrum of source/drain-substrate junction of nMOSFET under various forward bias 51 52 54 55 Figure 4.5: Average Peak Wavelength for forward bias ... spectroscopic emission microscopy present in CICFAR, which is valuable for this project Chapter 1: Introduction 1.3 Justification Current capabilities in CICFAR for emission microscopy comprises ... operations use different gratings and detectors for spectral acquisition Therefore, wavelength and spectral response calibration must be performed for both modes This section describes the calibration...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 22:49

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 11:02

... of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology © 2007 JATIT All rights reserved www.jatit.org (1999) E-CELL: Software environment for whole cell simulation Bioinformatics, 15,72-84 15 Tyson, ... settings, which are continuing education for health professionals and skillstraining for all individuals (Locatis, 2002) Continuing education is required for all health professionals in order to ... poses several limitations for it was developed within a short span of time by a small and novice design team Thus, it could be considered a demo for evaluative purposes Formative evaluation of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 13:20

... (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) For immunocytochemistry, cells were fixed on ice with 4% PFA in NaCl ⁄ Pi for 10 min, incubated in methanol at )20 °C for 20 min, and rehydrated in NaCl ⁄ Pi For detection of ... cultured in EBM-2 basal medium with 0.5% serum for 24 h Cells were incubated with growth factors at 33 °C for 10 and harvested for analysis Tube formation of tsA58T-expressing endothelial cells ... University of Tokyo, Japan) for providing pCAG-Cre; Dr Ikuo Yana (Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan) for help in performing endothelial tube formation experiments This work...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... higher resolution (1, )5) lattice line for comparison The phases are better clustered than the amplitudes for both lattice lines; this is expected for electron microscopy- derived structure factors ... transform consists of a noise component and a signal component, with the noise affecting the accuracy of both amplitude and phase components Amplitudes are generally noisier for cryo-electron microscopy, ... and 0.004, respectively, for any given structure factor Thus a redundancy > in an experimental data set is indicative that signi®cant information is likely to be present for a given structure factor...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20