... hierarchy of types, the amount of data
stored in the bilingual lexicon is minimal. The bilin-
gual lexical rules presented here will further refine the
idea of a
tlink
by minimizing the number of ...
matches found in English-Spanish translationof PP's
can be dealt with using ideas from cross-linguistic stud-
ies of lexicalization patterns, and suggested a use of the
relevant linguistic ... implementation of
the mechanism to drive the bilingual lexical rules, the
refining and testing of the semantic classification, the
isolation of further regularities and the investigation of
other...
... number of
(non-linguistic) phrases, translate each phrase using
a phrase translation table, and allow for reordering
of phrases in the output. No phrases may be dropped
or added.
We use a phrase translation ... Phrase Translation as a Subtask
In this work, we consider both noun phrases and
prepositional phrases, which we will refer to as
NP/PPs. We include prepositionalphrases for a
number of reasons. ... Properties of NP/PP Translation
We will now discuss the properties of NP/PP trans-
lation that we exploit in order to improve our NP/PP
translation subsystem. The first ofthese (compound-
ing of words)...
...
cification of the G. These criteria include the deverba-
tive character of members of the preceding noun series,
the deverbative character of the dependent of the P,
the nominative case of a preceding ... knowledge of
the syntactic function of word combinations is required,
including a better understanding of noun/genitive noun
combinations and of the differing functions of preposi-
tional phrases. ... part -of- speech of words in con-
text. Leaving aside the question of meaning, it is im-
portant to take into account both the function of the
prepositional phrase itself and the function of the pre-...
... and since one of the major foci
of the study was to try to find general means of
deciding attachment of PPs, individualization of
these PPs was, at first, discounted. In some of
the prior ... out of the 90 instances of locative PPs (this
excludes those PPs that are called for by LP words) 8 re-
quire further elaboration. Examples of further elaboration
are permitting gapping out of ... Boston with ARRIVAL TIMES in Boston.
27
Empirical Study of Predictive Powers of Simple Attachment
Schemes for Post-modifier PrepositionalPhrases
Greg Whittemore Kathleen Ferrara
Electronic...
... the issues relating to translation theory such as the definition of translation,
translation strategies and translation procedures, technical translation, and translationof
Neologisms will be ... issues relating to the translationof the terms. Firstly is the great usefulness of the
methods of the translationof technical terms and Neologisms in the translationof the
economic terms ... theory oftranslationof technical terms or translationof non-
equivalence. The translator should take into account the appropriate procedures and strategies
to gain the purpose of terminology translation.
3.2....
... 8
1.1. Translation theory 8
1.1.1. Definition oftranslation 8
1.1.2. Translation equivalence 8
1.1.2.1. The nature of equivalence in translation 9
1.1.2.2. Types of equivalence in translation ... translation Adaptation
Literal translation Free translation
Faithful translation Idiomatic translation
Semantic translation Communicative translation
Word-for-word translation
PART B: DEVELOPMENT
Chapter ...
common types of equivalence in translationof Vietnamese cultural words.
It also studies the translationof Vietnamese cultural words and translation
methods employed in their translation by...
... procedures used in the translation
of health insurance terms of non-equivalence group 19
II.3.1. The translationof single terms – Old words with new senses 23
II.3.2. The translationof compound terms ... The translation strategy which involves the deletion ofOF 26
II.4. Concluding remark 26
CHAPTER III: THE TRANSLATIONOF HEALTH INSURANCE TERMS
OF NON-EQUIVALENCE GROUP 28
III.1. The source of ... plans 29
III.2.1. The translationof terms by transference procedure
(the use of loan words) 30
III.2.2. The translationof terms by paraphrase 32
III.2.3. The translationof terms with communicative...
... content without the form of the original.
3.7. Idiomatic translation
This type oftranslation conveys the “message” of the original text. And with idiomatic
translation, nuances of meaning are transmitted ... correlativeness of text, discourse and
translation, method oftranslation and equivalence and technical translation. Chapter 2, the
writer draws out some kinds of technical text she often translates, ... technical translator from institutional
translation “Technical translation is one part of specialized translation; institutional translation,
the area of politics, commerce, finance, government...
... Engineering is one of the most basic engineering sciences and technical
translation makes much contribution to its development. Technical term translation is part of
technical translation, so ... to draw out common translation strategies which can be
applied in the English-Vietnamese translationof terms in materials for mechanical
engineering.
Hopefully, the result of the study would ... translation, so it plays an important role in the development of Mechanical
Engineering.
The thesis studies the English – Vietnamese translationof terms in the materials for
Mechanical Engineering....
... 23
CHAPTER II – THE TRANSLATIONOF EXHIBIT LABELS IN THE VIETNAM MUSEUM OF
ETHNOGRAPHY 24
I. THE CURRENT CONTEXT OFTRANSLATIONOF EXHIBIT LABELS IN THE VIETNAM MUSEUM
OF ETHNOGRAPHY 24
II. ... TRANSLATIONOF EXHIBIT LABELS IN VME 25
II.1. Translation using loan words 25
II.2. Translation by a more general word (superordinate) 26
II.3. Translation by cultural substitution 27
II.4. Translation ... UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
DEPARTMENT OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES
Nguyễn Thị Nhàn
A STUDY ON THE VIETNAMESE-ENGLISH
TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT LABELS IN THE
VIETNAM MUSEUM OF ETHNOGRAPHY
(Nghiên...
... thought of the problem (=He brought the problem to his mind)
13. Ingredient, material: with, of, out of
After verbs of “making”:
with indicates an ingredient: You make a cake with eggs
of and out of ... character of these
propositions is shown
off = ‘not on’; out of = ‘not in’
c. Relative position: by, over, under, etc
Prepositions may express the relative position of two objects or groups of
objects:
He ... consist of more than
one word, including 3 sub-groups:
Adverb of prep + prep
( along with, as for, away from, out of, up to)
Verb/adj/conjunction/etc + prep
( owing to, due to, because of )
Prep...
... are different levels of equivalence: equivalence in respect of
context, of semantics, of grammar, of lexis. For the reason that the paper aims at
studying the translationof terminology on credit ...
English-Vietnamese translationof terminology on credit card
- 29 -
In face of these terms, Communicative translation can be taken as a good
alternative for Literal translation. Communicative translation ... also plays an important role in the translationof
credit card terminology. Most of terms rendered by the use of Sino-Vietnamese
words are of standards required of Vietnamese terminology.
...