... Spcoq7-b, were used to amplify coq7, and the amplified fragment was then cloned into pT7Blue-T to yield pTPC7 The SalI–SmaI fragment containing coq7 was cloned into the SalI–SmaI site of pREP1 to yield ... measured using a YSI model 53 oxygen monitor Staining of mitochondria and fluorescence microscopy Mitochondria were stained withthe mitochondria-specific dye, MitoTracker Red FM (Molecular Probes, Inc., ... constructed and used to disrupt the chromosomal cyc1 allele inthe haploid wild-type PR110 strain The disruption was verified by PCR using appropriate primers To obtain the mutants inthe same genetic...
... changes inthe interaction of HNF-4a withtheother HNFs HNFs bind independently tothe TTR promoter To identify the potential mechanism underlying the interaction of HNF-4a withtheother HNFs in ... treatment with cytokines HepG2 cells were treated with or without cytokines for 18 h The interaction of HNF protein withthe DNA binding site was determined by ChIP assays with antibodies against ... DNA–protein binding assays to detect whether HNFs affect each other s binding ability A biotinylated DNA probe encompassing the TTR promoter with WT or individually mutated HNF binding sites was incubated...
... shown to be positive for the BRAF V600E mutation The patient was treated and achieved an excellent clinical responseto PLX4032, associated with substantial reduction inthe tumor burden and pain ... those of others reported inthe literature, indicate that the incidence of BRAF V600K mutations in melanoma patients appears to be higher than is commonly assumed It can be present in up to 30% ... RH, in charge of analyzing tumor specimens and participated in writing the manuscript All authors have read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they...
... The main finding of this study is the identification of a metabolic gene switch from fatty acids to glucose inthe murine female heart at baseline linked to enhanced mitochondrial respiratory capacity ... MO] containing luciferin and luciferase The reaction of the luciferin ⁄ luciferase mixture, energy donor (ATP) and oxygen results inthe emission of light The intensity of the bioluminescence ... (decrease in fatty acid utilization, increase in glucose utilization) inthe murine female heart Moreover, our data suggest that these changes occur in an Akt-independent manner Further studies are therefore...
... ending at the 5¢-end of binding site III, and containing a deleted binding site II) To determine whether SenR had already been in a phosphorylated form within E coli, the obtained protein was incubated ... eluted with buffer W containing 2.5 mM desthiobiotin (lane 3) SenSCH199A was purified inthe same manner (lane 4) To obtain SenR, a cytoplasmic protein extract (lane 5) containing SenR obtained ... DNA-binding characteristics Discussion The designed cloning procedures allowed us to obtain the cytoplasmic domain of SenS carrying a Strep-tag (SenSc) and the full-length SenR protein with a...
... 3-fold increase in glucose and a more than 30-fold increase in lactate, whereas the levels in controls remained constant The arginine kinase gene (AK) and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor ... whereas the rest were located in trunks Two types of cells were observed: the majority of cells showed homogeneous CHH staining inthe cytoplasm (Fig 4C) with a visibly large nucleus, whereas others ... during summer, in combination withthe changes in salinity, are associated with high mortality in this species [25–27] In view of CHH involvement inresponseto stress inother crustacean species,...
... dissociation from the cytoskeletal protein GKAP, therefore releasing it from the cytoskeleton into the cytoplasm [3] Our aim in this study was to gain a better understanding of the role of hDlg ... protein from cytoplasm and membrane fractions were immunoblotted using the antibodies indicated (C) CaCo-2 cells were preincubated with or without the kinase inhibitor BIRB0796 (1 lM) and inthe ... recognizes total hDlg (anti-hDlg) (B) HeLa cells were preincubated for h with or without the pankinase inhibitor staurosporine at the concentrations indicated, and treated with 0.5 M sorbitol for 60 min,...
... transfection, cells were split and plated in media containing Geneticin to select for cell containing vector DNA After three weeks, the number of cells were determined by fixing cells and staining with dye ... lines to determine whether the gene product had protective effects from DCA damage in vitro Cellular stress protein responses play a key role in minimizing cell injury and maintaining tissue integrity ... (p53-null) were transfected withthe indicated DNA vector (1 lg) and one day after transfection, cells were split and plated in media containing Geneticin to select for cell containing vector DNA (as in...
... expected to increase We observed an increase in HIF-1a protein, and thus were confident that the cells were being maintained in a low-oxygen environment and were responsive to low oxygen There is ... epithelial cells, we sought to determine whether TRAIL was involved inthe localization change First, we assessed whether there was a change in TRAIL expression in MDAMB-468 cells inresponseto ... TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells by inhibiting the translocation of Bax from the cytosol tothe mitochondria, thereby preventing the release of cytochrome c and progression...
... the APX apoprotein Identification of the heme-binding amino-acid residue in H2O2-inactivated stromal APX To determine which amino-acid residue inthe apoprotein was cross-linked to heme, the inactivated ... of the apoprotein of the catalytic site ˚ (Fig 4B) Because the indole ring of Trp35 is 3.18 A from the porphyrin ring in tsAPX (the distance between nitrogen of the indole ring and C6 of the ... transfer of the radical inthe reaction intermediate of tsAPX Theoretically, the propionate side chain is also involved in electron transfer from amino-acid residues tothe porphyrin [24] The tendency...
... b-1,3-Glucan binding protein 3e-6 Procathepsin L 1e-12 Meningioma expressed antigen 7e-19 Lipoprotein receptor related protein 2e-24 Fucolectin-1 6e-4 Cytoskeleton Tubulin alpha chain 4e-40 Tubulin beta ... function inthe respiratory chain, cell communication, the immune system, or the regulation of protein or the cytoskeleton Only a few are specific to xenobiotic detoxification One, the glutamine synthetase ... receptors and immune system b-1,3-Glucan binding protein 3e-6 Putative senescence-associated protein 5e-46 Cavortin 1e-5 Cytoskeleton Tubulin alpha chain 4e-17 Tubulin alpha chain 5e-20 Tubulin...
... substantial loss in nicotinic receptors in cortex and striatum According tothe growing amount of findings, accumulation of amyloid plaques which are the baseline indicator inthe brain for AD is interfered ... brain tissue were made using the vibratome followed by transverse sectioning to create tissue containing hippocampus and entorhinal cortex All Sectioning was done while the tissue was under the ... needed in these cases [24] Inthe current study, we have investigated the effect of nicotine on the complexity of the neurons and the activity of the gamma oscillations inthe Schaffer CA1 cell line...
... according to manufacturer’s instruction (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) Control staining consisted of replacing the primary antibody with PBS containing 1% BSA The HRP was reacted with diaminobenzidine ... surface staining was more intense than inthe cytoplasm In addition to elevated expression of mesothelin in ovarian tumors, there was evidence of circulating mesothelin antibodies in hens with ovarian ... vaccine, our objective was to determine if the hen expresses mesothelin, if mesothelin expression is increased in ovarian tumors and if circulating mesothelin autoantibody is associated with...
... (in cm respectively)) and the dry mass of the main stem (DMshoot) at the end of the experiment, the dry mass of the main stem at the start of the experiment and after 50 days was estimated using ... On theother hand, in contrast to beech, height growth of oak seedlings inthe first years is known to be highest in moderate shade [18, 55] As even the oak seedlings under the black nets were ... on forest reproductive material The seeds were sown into a permeable pot of 2000 cm3 in size and the seedlings stayed there tothe end of the experiment The rooting substrate consisted of a mixture...
... decreased inthe following order: Q pubescens, Q frainetto, Q ilex and Q robur The same trees were sprayed again in 1991: initial data revealed structural degradation of the leaf waxes similar to that ... difference in tube length be- germination was containing no lower in tween the windward and leeward sides of exposed trees The addition of ABS tothe culture reduced germination in all trees The extent ... species (5 for the spray treatment and controls) were maintained in a plastic chamber where, during each growing season, they were treated twice weekly for 10 weeks with 50 mg/l ABS in a fog-type...
... NRT1.1 is induced at 20 minutes (compared to KCl controls, and in comparison to gene expression at time minutes) The timing of induction of other sentinel genes involved inthe ‘primary NO3 response ... nitrate signaling withother hormone signals is likely to involve the genes regulated by nitrate after minutes This leads tothe hypothesis that, from to minutes, the genomic reprogramming concerns ... gamma, the kinetic time constant (in minutes) and the parameter regularization coefficient lambda, based on the quality of fit tothe training data (from to 15 minutes), as measured by the signal -to- noise...
... targeting determinants for chloroplasts and mitochondria are usually located at the N-terminus of the protein; therefore, a fusion protein with GFP fused tothe C-terminus of TSPO was made Using ... membrane of the mitochondria [6,20] However the localization of TSPO in plants remains controversial Lindenman et al [19] used immunogold staining to show that TSPO is localized inthe outer membrane ... TSPO tothe C-terminus of YFP resulted in YFP:TSPO being found inthe endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi stacks [23] The Arabidopsis genome contains a single TSPOrelated gene (AtTSPO) The predicted...
... discriminate between the Arabidopsis and grape MYB60 proteins and other closely related proteins from subgroup 1: a distinctive PHEEG signature inthe MYB domain, located inthe loop connecting the ... closure of the pore, inresponseto internal signals and environmental cues, allows the plant to cope withthe conflicting needs of ensuring adequate uptake of CO2 for photosynthesis and preventing ... pVvMYB60:GUS seedling (E) Magnification of leaf primordia in (D), showing staining of differentiating stomata (F) Detail of a pVvMYB60:GUS mature leaf, showing staining of fully differentiated stomata (G)...
... processes DNA or RNA binding hydrolase activity kinase activity nucleic acid binding nucleotide binding other binding other enzyme activity other molecular function protein binding structural molecule ... processes DNA or RNA binding hydrolase activity kinase activity nucleic acid binding nucleotide binding other binding other enzyme activity other molecular function protein binding structural molecule ... processes DNA or RNA binding hydrolase activity kinase activity nucleic acid binding nucleotide binding other binding other enzyme activity other molecular function protein binding structural molecule...
... method were collected at each time point Elicitor treatment Elicitors were sprayed to run-off using a hand-pumped atomizing sprayer Elicitors were diluted in water and were applied to hours into the ... young growing shoots, through the activity of insects, wind-driven rain or hail The second method, slicing the young leaf lamina on both sides of the mid-vein, was used to try to maximize the number ... parallel tothe midvein with scissors contaminated with bacteria The third inoculation method, snipping off the distal approximately 1/3 of the young leaf with contaminated scissors, proved to be the...