seven layers of the osi reference model
The OSI Reference Model
... the relationship The obvious result is the increase in the data that needs to be transmitted 5.5 Advantages of the OSI Reference Model The major advantage of the OSI Reference Model lies in the ... substantial 5.6 The Seven Layers of the OSI Reference Model 5.6.1 Layer 1: The Physical Layer The Physical Layer is responsible for the actual transmission of the data and the provision of the necessary ... control The Transport Layer The OSI Reference Model 45 checks the consistency of a message, when a message is composed of several pieces The task of the Transport Layer in the OSI Reference Model...
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Tài liệu The OSI Model: Understanding the Seven Layers of Computer Networks ppt
... combination of the two The nature of these stacks is that the lower layers their work in hardware or firmware (software that runs on specific hardware chips) while the higher layers work in software The ... TCP/IP model uses four layers to perform the functions of the seven- layer OSI model The network access layer is functionally equal to a combination of OSI physical and data link layers (1 and 2) The ... standards for this layer Note: The Physical Layer of the OSI model is only part of a LAN (Local Area Network) Layer – The Data Link Layer Layer of the OSI model provides the following functions: •...
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SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD
... A group of students were asked to list what they thought were the present "Seven Wonders of the World." Though there were some disagreements ,the following received the most votes: Egypt's ... up my mind because there were so many." The teacher said, "Well, tell us what you have, and maybe we can help." The girl hesitated, then read: "I think the 'Seven Wonders of the World' are: To ... China's Great Wall While gathering the votes, the teacher noted that one student had not finished her paper yet So she asked the girl if she was having trouble with her list The girl replied, "Yes,...
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SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD
... the pyramids at Giza, Egypt Located on the west bank of the Nile River on the outskirts of Cairo, the pyramids at Giza, Egypt, rank as some of the best-known monuments in the world The ancient ... other spectacles, and is one of the most famous pieces of architecture in the world The Great Wall The Great Wall stretches across northern China It consists of a series of walls built by the ... Hanging Gardens of Babylon Technically, the gardens did not hang, but grew on the roofs and terraces of the royal palace in Babylon The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus,...
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Tài liệu OSI Reference Model & Layered Communications docx
... token? A The node has the ability to transmit the data to the network B The node has the right to pass the data to the network C The node has the right to retain the token D None of the above ... transmit, then: A The node does nothing B The node waits for data to be transmitted C The node converts the token into a start -of- frame field D None of the above 277 What is the main purpose of the ... errors, then the data packet is discarded and the sender notified B The destination device notifies the source only if it receives all of the data C The destination only notifies the source if the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Improving the Performance of the Random Walk Model for Answering Complex Questions" pptx
... cases where the query is composed of two or more sentences, we compute the similarity between the document sentence (s) and each of the query-sentences (qi ) then we take the average of the scores ... although the two STs of Figure share most of the subtrees rooted in the ST node, the kernel defined above computes no match The critical aspect of the TK function is that the productions of two evaluated ... v)) The denominators in both terms are for normalization C is the set of all sentences in the collection The value of the parameter d which we call “bias”, is a trade-off between two terms in the...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Predictors of quality of life: A quantitative investigation of the stress-coping model in children with asthma" pptx
... aspects of the extended stress-coping model Despite the exclusion of some of the aspects of the model, the power to detect a model without a good fit remained small; < 0.20 [27] As a consequence, the ... illness are described by several theories of stress and emotion [7] One of these theories is the cognitive-appraisal model of Lazarus and Folkman [8] With their theory they show that a person confronted ... decided to keep the non-significant associations in the model In the present study, most support was found for the axis of the stress-coping model Disease characteristics, appraisal of the disease,...
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Consumer Acceptance of online banking: an extension of the technology acceptance model
... Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without ... permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without ... permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "The effect of light acclimation of single leaves on whole tree growth and competition – an application of the tree growth model ALMIS" doc
... carbon than the first leaves of either of the other types Subsequent differences between the carbon gain of the first leaves of the sun type and the adaptive type reflected the interplay between increasing ... parts of the environment and the plant, and between the plant parts themselves, are ensured by a system of mutual references This system of reference variables is used to manage the exchange of ... than the shade type, so that mutual shading within their crowns increased more than in the crown of the shade type Therefore, the first leaf of the shade type still assimilated more carbon than the...
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Báo cáo y học: "Preliminary study into the components of the fear-avoidance model of LBP: change after an initial chiropractic visit and influence on outcome." pps
... follow up Page of Several models exist to explain the influence of nonphysical factors on the development of chronicity and treatment resistance Amongst the more widely investigated is the fear-avoidance ... prognosis Despite the wide confidence intervals, probably as a result of the small sample size, the results presented here suggest that the persistence of higher psychological scores, beyond the ... that has made all the difference This has advantages over other outcome tools in asking about the impact of any improvement within the context of individual patient’s lives It therefore measures...
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Báo cáo y học: " Advantages of the single delay model for the assessment of insulin sensitivity from the intravenous glucose tolerance test" doc
... estimate an index of IR is, of course, crucial for any model aiming at being useful to diabetologists Part of the problem of the lack of identifiability of the SI from the MM may reside in the MM being ... degree of variability in the estimation of the parameters of the MM, compared with a very good numerical stability in the corresponding estimation of the SDM parameters The instability of the SI ... [13], the effect of avoiding the above sources of error is discussed in detail The appropriate mathematical behaviour of the SDM itself has also been the object of a previous paper [15] The SDM...
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NEUTRALITY EFFECTS ON THE PHASE STRUCTURE OF THE LINEAR SIGMA MODEL WITH THE NON ST ANDARD SYMMETR y BREAKING TERM
... THU the renormalization prescription, the thermodynamic consistency and the preservation of the Goldstone theorem Besides, in [18], making use of this method we considered the phase structure of ... considered the neutrality effects on the phase structure of the linear sigma model with the non-standard symmetry breaking term by means of the CornwallJackiw-Tomboulis effective potential The paper ... NEUTRALITY EFFECTS ON THE PHASE STRUCTURE OF 73 In the tree approximation u and v are determined from the minimization of the potential energy of (4), namely, they fulfill the equations −m2 +...
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Mô hình chuẩn hóa OSI (OSI reference model)
... Mô hình OSI sở dành cho việc chuẩn hoá hệ thống truyền thông, nghiên cứu xây dựng ISO Mô hình dùng làm sở để kết nối hệ thống mở phục vụ cho ứng dụng phân tán Mô hình OSI chia giao thức ... Có loại ARQ bản: idle RQ (hoạt động theo chế độ bán song công, kiểm soát lỗi đc dùng với lược đồ truyền số liệu thiên hướng ký tự), continuous RQ (hoạt động theo chế độ song công, đc dùng chiến ... network addresses): định tuyến gói tin theo mạng cụ thể liên mạng; đảm bảo địa mạng phải liên mạng định • Các địa dịch vụ (service addresses): định tuyến gói tin theo tiến trình cụ thể chạy thiết...
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SANS Institute InfoSec Reading Room: Applying the OSI Seven Layer Network Model To Information Security pptx
... Occupying the top-end of the stack, the Application Layer is the most openended of all of the layers, and can be considered the catchall for any issues not addressed within the other six layers ... how they contribute to the communication of data over the network ut ho rr eta ins An alternate way of organizing the seven- layer model is by concentrating on the borders of the layers rather ... a key area of data networking theory - The Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) Seven Layer Network Model This paper demonstrates the application of the model s concepts into the context of information...
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Hình ảnh Protocols in relation to the OSI model.doc
... Across WAN May I call 2111 with a bandwidth of 384K? Call flow H.323 RAS signaling yes you can! IP WAN zone zone Admission Control Via Zone BandWidth in the Cisco IOS MCM Gatepeer H×nh4: Admission...
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Báo cáo y học: " Experimental ablation of the pancreas with high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in a porcine model"
... monitoring the energy deposition and the therapeutic effect, and also controlling the US exposure based on the feedback digital data from the ultrasonograms in the process of HIFU treatment The therapeutic ... leading the coagulation necrosis of the whole target regions During the therapeutic process, real-time estimation of the therapeutic effect was carried out by the computer system through the graphic ... with the guide for the care and use of laboratory animals from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China Instruments HIFU ablation was performed with a HIFU tumor therapy...
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Báo cáo y học: "Multivariate explanatory model for sporadic carcinoma of the colon in Dukes’ stages I and IIa"
... part of the study were the same as for the first part of the investigation [18] The diagnostic criteria for inclusion of the cases were positive endoscopy and biopsy; those of exclusion were the ... collaborators The fruit of that qualitative examination was the rejection of a total of controls and cases at the defining moment of the construction of the data package The fundamental cause was the lack ... statistical model with the controls gathered in primary care and the cases, and later, by constructing another model with the controls gathered in the hospitals and with the same cases Finally, both models...
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Application of house’s model for translation quality assessment in assessing the english version of the vietnam’s law on investment no. 59/2005/qh11
... 247), or for the discovery of ‘mismatches’ between the TT and the ST on the same three levels 2.1.2 Operation of the model A key concept in the operation of House’s model is the context of situation ... Translation of legal documents 24 CHAPTER APPLICATION OF HOUSE’S MODEL FOR TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT 2.1 Presentation of the model 27 27 2.1.1 An overview of the model 27 2.1.2 Operation of the model ... the addressees - Position role of addresser: the National Assembly of Vietnam, the highest representative office of the people and the sole law-making body of the country, where the addressees are...
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