... concentration of mM at pH 7.4 On the other hand, the CaADPase activity is 80% ofthe MgADPase activity at a divalent ion-ADP concentration of mM (data not shown) The ATPase and ADPase activities ofthe ... in the apical membranes ofthe oxyntic-peptic cells [37] The distribution ofthe ectoATPDase on these epithelial cells is distinctly different from the other ATPDase in the E-ATPase family, the ... numbers are on the right side ofthe figure The transmembranous domains ofthe protein at the N- and C-terminus are shaded The five apyrase conserved regions (ACRs) are underlined and in bold The 10 cysteine...
... amino acids and cysteines Tagging of Ntcp mutants by the FLAGÒ motif To determine whether the wild-type andthe mutant proteins are expressed and located on the surface ofthe oocytes, the cDNA ... domains model), is involved in taurocholate transport ofthe human isoform [21] We therefore looked for the role of each ofthe eight cysteines ofthe rat Ntcp for taurocholate transport Finally, ... humans and rats begins by uptake across the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes via the high affinity, Fig Detection ofthe presence of Ntcp proteins in the cell membrane of X laevis oocytes by the...
... whereas the serum enzyme andtheliver enzyme belong to the groups of glycoproteins with a glycostructure ofthe complex type To substantiate the notion that the TRH-DEs from liver, serum and brain ... concentration of albumin andthe activity ofthe TRH-DE in the culture medium increased in a correlative manner (Fig 2) Purification ofthe TRH-DEs from serum andliverThe membrane-bound liver TRH-DE was ... activity of this enzyme in some species Nevertheless, these results support the notion that the serum TRH-DE, like most serum enzymes and proteins, is derived from theliverThe decrease ofthe activity...
... on the surgical aspects ofthe management of CLM and restrict discussion of chemotherapeutic agents to the context of their use in conjunction with surgical management Impact of Margin Status The ... limited extent of resection, assessment of tumor biology and response to chemotherapy Four other studies support the conclusions ofthe EORTC study supporting the use of chemotherapy as a bridge ... disease in which the management of these patients is complex These patients often receive chemotherapy given the extent of disease and this is valuable in patient selection because chemotherapy may...
... to the skin into theliver substance and extracted This is the quick part ofthe procedure The tip ofthe needle is now placed on sterile paper and some ofthe remaining saline flushed through the ... to a compartment of uncoupling of receptor and ligand (CURL) The receptor and ligand separate The receptor returns to sinusoidal plasma membrane andthe ligand enters a lysosome and is degraded ... Anatomy ofthe biliary tract, Development oftheliverand bile ducts, Anatomical abnormalities ofthe liver, Surface marking, Methods of examination, Hepatic morphology, Electron microscopy and...
... especially the hypothenar and thenar eminences and pulps ofthe fingers (fig 6.12) Islets of erythema may be found at the bases ofthe fingers The soles ofthe feet may be similarly affected The mottling ... diameter and is not obliterated by pressure Venous stars are seen on the dorsum ofthe foot, legs, back and on the lower border ofthe ribs Palmar erythema (liver palms) The hands are warm andthe ... benzodiazepines and barbiturates (fig 7.9) The binding of any of these ligands opens a chloride channel and after the influx of chloride there is hyperpolarization ofthe postsynaptic membrane, and neuroinhibition...
... veins ofthe caval system Deviation of blood into these channels leads to varicosities in the submucous layer ofthe lower end ofthe oesophagus and fundus ofthe stomach (b) At the anus, the superior ... bypass the block and return blood towards theliver These enter the portal vein in the porta hepatis beyond the block They include the veins at the hilum, venae comitantes ofthe portal vein and ... by the union ofthe superior mesenteric vein andthe splenic vein just posterior to the head ofthe pancreas at about the level ofthe second lumbar vertebra It extends slightly to the right of...
... one another to form septal bile ducts and so on until the two main hepatic ducts emerge from the right and left lobes oftheliver at the porta hepatis Small bile ducts distal to the canals of Hering ... with other variations ofthe A(TA)nTAA allele have also shown elevated serum total bilirubin levels, including the alleles 5/6, 5/7 and 7/8 [5] In Asians andthe Japanese, the frequency ofthe ... continuity with the space of Disse Disruption ofthe tight junction leads to free passage of solute and larger molecules into the canaliculus with loss ofthe osmotic gradient and cholestasis...
... serum IgG anti-HDV is found There may be a window period between the disappearance of one andthe detection ofthe other Loss of IgM anti-HDV confirms the resolution of HDV infection, whereas persistence ... both as monotherapy, and, on the basis of recently completed large trials, in combination with ribavirin The cost and availability makes all these treatments out of reach ofthe millions of sufferers ... introspection by the patient Antiviral therapy The aim is to control infectivity, eradicate the virus and prevent the development of cirrhosis However, permanent loss of HBeAg and HBV DNA are unusual and...
... lipids synthesized in theliver itself The origin depends upon the dose of ethanol ingested andthe lipid content ofthe diet After an acute, isolated ingestion of a large dose of ethanol the fatty ... redox state oftheliverThe hydrogen generated replaces fatty acid as a fuel and is followed by triglyceride accumulation and fatty liverThe redox state oftheliver changes, protein synthesis is ... related to the severity oftheliver disease [72] The extent ofthe nutritional defect depends on the type of alcoholic, whether of low socioeconomic status where protein-calorie malnutrition often...
... throughout the world except in New Zealand, Australia and some parts ofthe west Pacific The Borrelia multiply in the liver, invading liver cells and causing focal necrosis Just before the crisis the ... abscess in the left lobe oftheliver may show a crescentic deformity ofthe lesser curve ofthe stomach US is the most useful (fig 29.7) CT shows the abscess with a somewhat irregular edge and low ... theliver parenchyma The lesions produced are single or multiple andof variable size The amoebic abscess is usually about the size of an orange The most frequent site is in the right lobe, often...
... laterally over the gallbladder down to the duodenum, to the hepatic flexure ofthe colon and even to the right lobe ofthe liver, perhaps closing the foramen of Winslow In a milder form, a band of tissue ... anomaly the gallbladder lies under the left lobe ofthe liver, to the left ofthe falciform ligament This may be caused by the gallbladder migrating to a position under the left lobe oftheliver ... lesions oftheliverand bile ducts are increasingly being diagnosed This can be related to the improved methods of imaging theliverand bile ducts, andofliver biopsy Application of such methods...
... usually used The left lobe ofthe donor liver is excised andthe right lobe anastomosed to the portal vein, inferior vena cava and aorta ofthe recipient The donor liver hypertrophies andthe recipient’s ... depends on the clinical state ofthe patient andthe staging ofthe tumour derived from radiological imaging Difficulties in removal arise because ofthe inaccessibility ofthe pancreas on the posterior ... which there is no acceptable, alternative therapy The patient andthe family must understand the magnitude ofthe undertaking and be prepared to face the difficult early postoperative period and...
... (arrow) and a perfusion defect in the entire right lobe Page of a c b Figure A) Macroscopic view ofthe resected liver including the metastatic liver tumor (arrowheads) andthe tumor thrombus in the ... according to the TNM classification [15], and lymph node metastasis was found in most ofthe cases (12 of 14, 86%) In 12 ofthe 15 cases (80%), liver metastasis was accompanied by PVTT, andtheliver ... tumor of approximately 25 mm in diameter consisting of two components: an apparently solid part and a cystic component The solid component ofthe tumor was enhanced in the early phase ofthe CTA and...
... structured a large part ofthe Discussion section AV was the primary resident involved in the radiologic studies for this case and handled the write-up ofthe radiologic portion ofthe manuscript WD ... to theliverand to compare these changes to those found in other carcinoids A complete and thorough autopsy is the only way to prove definitively that a carcinoid is truly primary to the liver, ... reports have shown the added benefits of systemic chemotherapy and hepatic artery chemoembolus injection [10] When given as the only form of therapy, chemotherapy drugs such as 5-FU and streptozocin...
... in the right lobe oftheliverand part ofthe left lobe with ruptured capsule andthe ruptured part adhered to pleura Tumor resection was performed and about 70% ofthe total liver was resected ... shows that, with the advent of modern surgical procedures andthe use of pre and post operative chemotherapy, there has been an increase in the overall survival rate A recent review of published ... Reports 2008, 2:20 free of disease more than years after complete surgical excision ofthe tumor and chemotherapy.[3] The clinical features of ULS are often non-specific and may have varied presentation...
... infusion The study by Krejci and colleagues therefore raises the question of whether AVP compares favorably with catecholamines In a complementary investigation the same group compared the regional ... Krejci and colleagues confirm that the unrestricted use of even ‘low-dose’ AVP may result in ‘overconstriction’, in particular in the hepato-splanchnic region andthe kidney Furthermore, the authors’ ... activation ofthe inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase) probably did not assume major importance Finally, as the authors themselves acknowledge, although labelled ‘low dose’, the infusion...
... Background Theliver sinusoids are lined by endothelial cells that have a unique structure and function essential for hepatic and systemic homeostasis Much of our understanding ofthe biology ofthe ... IM and BS conceived ofthe study IM carried out most ofthe experimental work andthe writing AW and DGL participated in the determination of fenestration parameters, statistical analysis and ... arteriole andthe portal venule [10] In average, the oxygen content of hepatic blood is rather low (~55 mmHg) However, oxygen gradients normally exist between the periportal andthe perivenous areas of...
... case of MZ with mirror-imaging of AC in the literature In this case, we describe the second case of MZ with mirror-imaging of AC and discuss the possible clinical implications First, Helland and ... lack of systematic monitoring and follow-up Therefore, a large percentage of patients with AC are probably undiscovered Mirror images, on the other hand, are present in approximately 25% of MZ Therefore, ... consider that it is mandatory to monitor the counterpart ofthe symptomatic patient with AC as early as possible, irrespective ofthe absence of symptoms Conflict of Interest The authors have declared...
... craniotomy because ofthe proximity ofthe sinus to the orbit andthe anterior skull base [5] The frequency of bilateral absence ofthe frontal sinus has been reported in 3-4% to 10% of several populations ... reliability between observers and was 0.86 Fig Unilateral absence ofthe frontal sinus; on the right, the absence ofthe frontal sinus, and on the left, the limited aeration ofthe frontal sinus; axial ... sinuses, although there is only one frontal sinus ostium The size ofthe sinus and, therefore, its anatomic relationships also depend upon the extent of pneumatization [11] The extent of pneumatization...