occurrence distribution and function of glycogen

... implications of the cycle of histone acetylation and deacetylation that accompanies cycles of transcription, and highlight the special significance of histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation Active chromatin and ... with binding of both MOF and Tip60 (equivalent to Esa1 in yeast NuA4) [124,130] However, in human cells depletion of MOF, but not Tip60, results in reduced global levels of AcH4-K16 and defective ... acetylation and deacetyla2192 tion, and transient recruitment of remodellers and transcription factors A cycle of transcription commences with the recruitment of transcription factors and co-factors...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 18:20

... domains of Spir-2 and PTPN13 were generated by RT-PCR and inserted into pEGFP-C1 and pGEX-4T-2 The N- and C-terminal regions of the v-KIND KIND2 and the MAP2 CD were generated by PCR and cloned ... series of GST-fused deletions of the CD2-1 region (Fig 3E) and examined the interactions between bacterially expressed proteins of these subregions (Fig S1C) and 1654 Fig Of all members of the ... stability and rearrangement of microtubules in neuronal dendrites [13–15] and is associated with some neurological and psychiatric disorders [16,17] However, the structure– function relationship of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... patterns and processes at different levels of biological organization: from the life histories of individuals, to the structure and dynamics of populations and communities, to the fluxes and pools of ... variety of ecological phenomena, taxonomic and functional groups of organisms, and types of ecosystems Here we apply the metabolic theory of ecology to focus on some important correlates and consequences ... measuring and understanding the roles of different kinds of organisms in the flux and storage of elements in ecosystems The total biomass per unit area, W, is simply the sum of the body mass of all...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 19:20

... 2006 FEBS 3665 Expression and function of Noxo1c R Takeya et al Expression of Noxo1b and Noxo1c in various human tissues To compare the distribution pattern of Noxo1b and Noxo1c, we designed variant-specific ... extent of membrane localization of Noxo1b and Noxo1c The intensities of immunoreactive bands for HA-Noxo1b and HA-Noxo1c in (B) were quantified using a LAS-1000plus (Fuji film) image analyzer and ... compilation ª 2006 FEBS 3673 Expression and function of Noxo1c R Takeya et al Expression of Noxo1b and Noxo1c in various human tissues The expression patterns of the Noxo1b and Noxo1c messengers were determined...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... isoforms by the excision of the prosegment and of most of the PSI [21] Conversely to what has been found in vivo [31], heavy and light chains of the processed forms of recombinant cyprosin are ... by the prosegment, but also by the 13 residues of the N-terminal of the mature enzyme and by the ÔflapÕ The anchorage of the prosegment and of part of the N-terminus in the active site cleft is ... unique feature of the PSI is the swap of the N- and C-terminal portions of the saposin-like domain, where the C-terminal portion of one saposin is linked to the N-terminal portion of the other...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... pharmacological and physiological properties of the channel In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry data show overlapping distributions for a variety of subunits, and electrophysiological and other functional ... domain of each subunit contributes to the formation of the hydrophilic pore ACh binding protein has structural and functional homology to the extracellular ligand binding domain of the nAChR, and ... development of selective drugs is the identification and pharmacological characterization of the various receptor subtypes, and the determination of their precise subunit composition and physiological function( s)...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... Letters denote the five residues of one of the three sides of sbwAFP or six residues of one of two sides of TmAFP The strands that make up the three, parallel b-sheets of the protein are designated ... structure and PDB code shown below each panel (A) Overlap of isoform 337 with the structure of the longer isoform CfAFP-501 using the main chain of residues Thr23fiAsn90 in isoform 337 and residues ... addition of an additional one, two or three b-helical coils compared to the shorter isoforms In the case of one sbwAFP isoform, named CfAFP-501, a detailed examination of the structure and function...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... perform immune functions This mechanism leads to activation of phenoloxidase, which oxidizes catechols, leading to the formation of toxic quinones and melanin [1,2], and to the activation of cytokines ... SPE and Easter [31] Injection of either of these M sexta proteinases into larvae stimulated the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes, suggesting that they might function in activation of ... was demon¨ strated by RNA interference experiments to function in antifungal immunity [20], and injection of the active forms of B mori and T castaneum Spatzle-1 into ¨ insects has been shown...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... agricultural incomes and caused the failure of thousands of banks located in farm states and other rural areas States where farm land values and cultivated acreage had expanded the most during ... Bureau of Labor Statistics Bureau of Economic Analysis Bureau of Economic Analysis Administrative Office of the United States Courts; Bureau of Labor Statistics Quarterly Census of Employment and ... consolidation of the U.S banking industry and the advent of banks with interstate branches The largest U.S banks operate thousands of branch offices across several states For example, as of June 30,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 10:20

... of eRF1 Fig S11 The Ramachandran map plot (/ and w torsion angles for the protein backbone) of all 24 conformers of the NMR families of solution structures of the closed and open conformers of ... minidomain and the zinc-binding domain of the zinc finger protein Ynr046w [25] (Fig 8) The fit of the heavy atoms (Ca, C, and N) from three b-strands and the a-helices of both the closed and the open ... 1H,15N-HSQC spectrum of the C-terminal domain of human eRF1 illustrating the presence of two conformational states of the protein Fig S2 Plot of the number and distribution of the NOEs versus the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 11:20

... identification and distribution of TLP genes in nature, the structural and functional characterization of the TLP from various organisms, and the evolution of TLP and transthyretin The identification of TLPs ... S dublin TLP and zebrafish TLP are found in the flexible portions of strands B and C that protrude towards the solvent and in the conformation of the long loop connecting strands D and E [17] Greater ... structures as a result of alterations to the formation of hydrogen bonds between strands The carbonyls of residues V104 and P105 (zebrafish TLP numbering), in the middle of b-strand G, not form hydrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... steps of ribosome biogenesis and ⁄ or ribosome function Indeed, a systematic study of the incorporation of RPs into preribosomes led to the identification of the in vivo assembly pathway of the ... activity of RP mRNA for adjustment of the biosynthesis of ribosomes to the requirements of cell growth and differentiation In addition, a relevant contribution of protein turnover to the regulation of ... sclerosis complex (TSC)1– TSC2, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) C1 complex (composed of raptor, mLst8, and mTOR) The role of TSC1–TSC2 in the translation of TOP mRNAs has been recently...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 01:20

... in which the b1-strand and b2-strand are adjacent and parallel to each other, and the b¢-strand is adjacent and antiparallel to the b1-strand (Fig 1) The length and sequence of the variable loop ... al Structure and function of KH domains A B C Fig 10 Crystal structure of tandem type II KH domains of NusA in complex with RNA The tandem KH1–KH2 domains of NusA recognize RNA ligand 5¢-GAACUCAAUAG ... composed of three antiparallel b-strands is abutted by three a-helices (a1, a2, and a¢) The b-sheet in type I KH domains consists of three b-strands in the order b1, b¢ and b2 The b1-strand and b2-strand...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... effect of FMN, but not of FAD or riboflavin, has been noticed earlier [36,37] Figure shows the effect of the FMN concentration on the reconstitution of the activity of the reduced SH Addition of about ... part that holds two of the Fe-S clusters in the small subunit of the D gigas enzyme is missing in HoxY of the SH, suggesting an exposure of part of the hydrophobic surface of the HoxH subunit ... showed that reduction of the SH by NADH leads to a rapid decrease of the H2-NAD+ activity, presumably due to the release of the FMN-a group Figure shows that addition of a thousand-fold excess FMN...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... catalytic mechanism of GlcNAc kinase Kinetic characterization of GlcNAc kinase and cysteine mutants In order to get a more detailed insight into the functions of specific cysteine residues of GlcNAc kinase, ... III, a-helix (B) Top view of the threedimensional structure of GlcNAc kinase The relative positions of cysteines are labeled with a star Ó FEBS 2002 Structure and function of GlcNAc kinase (Eur ... functional groups of the kinase reaction, the c-phosphate of ATP and the hydroxyl group at C6 of GlcNAc, or they may even be involved in the catalytic mechanism DISCUSSION The most reactive functional...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... product distribution of the UPPS and OPPS reactions is that, when the Ó FEBS 2002 Structure, mechanism and function of prenyltransferases (Eur J Biochem 269) 3347 concentration of the UPPS and FPP ... condensation kinetics and mechanism of trans-IPPS and cis-IPPS for the production of linear polyprenyl pyrophosphates, and the reaction mechanism and structures of protein prenyltransferases and isoprenyl ... diagram of Ras FTase and (B) the molecular ruler mechanism for substrate specificity of FTase and GGTase (A) The heterodimeric enzyme consists of two subunits, a and b, colored in cyan–blue and yellow–green,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 22:20

... covered by trees and spontaneous plants The land in the zone is made of alluvial deposits The top layer of the soil, down to a depth of from 0.6 to m, is composed of sand with silt and clay, with ... made of sand and silt Groundwater flows at a depth of about m The contaminated area, whose estimated extension and volume are 5000 m2 and 17,000 m3 respectively, is made up of a mixture of industrial ... One of the pieces of material analysed (A15) has concentrations similar to ones of the relief, whereas the other (A16) has a very high copper level and low content of Fe and of La, Sc, Ti, V and...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:56

... 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, and the amount of covalently bound SDTG was determined by subtraction of the total number of carboxy and amino groups in the modified and unmodified enzyme The results of this experiment ... course of inactivation of wild-type GST I and mutant Phe51Ala by SDTG Wild-type (r) and mutant Phe51Ala (j) were incubated in the presence of 72.7 and 92 lM SDTG, respectively, at pH 6.5 and 25 ... residual activity of the partial active enzyme intermediate, and kfast and kslow are Affinity labelling of maize GST I (Eur J Biochem 271) 3505 the rate constants for the slow and fast phase of the reaction...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... demands are imposed on the sensitivity and selectivity of the methodology, which should provide molecular structure and dynamics information In this article, we present the potential of Raman and ... spectroscopy: since the electronic transitions of most of the protein cofactors (e.g haem) of proteins are at shorter wavelengths, the combination of molecular RR and the surface-enhanced Raman effect ... the physiological processes of cytochrome c Methodology Raman and IR spectroscopy are molecular structuresensitive techniques, as the frequencies and band intensities of vibrational transitions...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:20

... digestion and primer extension ´ analysis at C1400 and C1411 of the 3-minor domain of 16S rRNA, at positions located in the central loop of domain V, and in helices H42-H44 and H95 of 23S rRNA ... subunit of type IC restriction modification enzyme EcoR124I E Sisakova and M Weiserova Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Bacteria, Division of Cell and Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, ... Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran E-mail: divsalar@ibb.ut.ac.ir One of the most widely studied and fascinating proteins of...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:20