... measure the effect ofthese stapled peptides on the dissociation ofthe CTD dimer The enhanced dissociation ofthe CTD dimer in the presence of progressively increasing concentrations of stapled peptide ... constant ofthe CTD, thus validating the primary hypothesis that the subunit interaction free energy is dominated by this peptide region The impact of NYAD-203 on the dissociation ofthe CA dimer ... value of Ki = 40 (±5) μM for thebindingof stapled peptide (NYAD-203) monomer to CTD under these conditions This value of Ki is slightly higher, though of comparable order of magnitude to the...
... to the WT* enzyme There are two possible reasons for the low activityofthe Y74W* mutant: (a) introduction ofthe bulkier residue at the interface in place of a tyrosine may destabilize the ... and in the presence of denaturants [27] Extending these studies, we examine here the effect of increasing the bulk ofthe residue at position 74 Surprisingly, the Y74W mutant exhibited loss of both ... structural data on these well-studied enzymes affords an opportunity to evaluate the consequences of mutations In the case of TIM, only nine ofthe 220250 residues present in the sequences ofthe enzymes...
... 42 oftheproteins disagreed The observed differences could be assigned to: deletion ofthe N-terminal Met, truncations at either the N-terminus or C-terminus ofthe protein, and the presence of ... versions ofthe L34 protein are present in a ratio of : 20 Analysis ofthe spectra recorded on the other peaks in the base peak ion chromatogram allowed us to detect and identify 46 ofthe 55 proteins ... set of type z¢Æ ions Ions of type c¢ in thetwo spectra differ in mass by 28 Da These data suggest that the L34 species in (D) is either monomethylated on the N-terminus and the side chain of...
... with the higher inhibitory activityofthe cEL peptide and the very low inhibitory activityofthe cYT peptide compared to other peptides The flanking residue ofthe b-turn, i.e Tyr3 ofthe cVY ... removal ofthesetwo interactions can result in loss of CD2–CD58 interaction This correlates with higher inhibitory activityofthe cVY peptide compared to the cER peptide In the case of cyclic ... Ser5 The rmsd ofthe backbone atoms ofthe 12 structures in the chosen family was compared with the average structure in the same family It was found that the rmsd of all the backbone atoms in the...
... indicate the position ofthe amino acids in the mature proteins b Binding reported below 0.1 no binding for 18–31 [52] c Weak heparin -binding in a competitive assay [50] M NaCl for the larger ... concentrations of 10 lM to 1000 lM and at higher concentrations the peptide precipitated Thus, the index expresses the level of antibacterial activity in relative terms [18] The activities ofthe peptides ... °C for h to allow diffusion ofthe peptides The underlay gel was then covered with mL of molten overlay (6% TSB, 1% Low-EEO agarose in dH2O) Antimicrobial activityof a peptide was visualized...
... stability of a-PEC is strongly correlated to the interactions ofthe N-terminal helices or at least parts ofthese helices (Table 1) The photochemistry of a-PEC peptides The photoactivity ofthe a-subunit ... region ofthe difference spectrum Because ofthe height and the sharpness ofthe peaks, they are assumed to be derived exclusively from the aliphatic residues ofthe distinct chromophore states These ... the NMR data, where the protein peaks ofthe molecule in the E-conformation are much more homogenous than that ofthe Z-conformation On the other hand, the mobility of some aliphatic groups of...
... penaeidin reactivity observed at the site of injury did not allow investigation ofthe close interaction between the haemocytes and the microorganisms and the role of penaeidins in these reactions ... [17] The question remains about the function ofthese intracellular penaeidins and their potential involvement in the elimination of internalized microbes It is attractive to assume that thesetwo ... was evidenced in the cytoplasm ofthese haemocytes, suggesting the release of granule content within the cell (Fig 10F) No evidence of degranulation or exocytosis was found in these experiments...
... separated full-length T-AChE: Theactivityof full-length T-AChE is not significantly enhanced for any of its oligomers Theactivity displayed corresponds to the absolute activity measured for full-length ... detection of early stages ofthe disease were possible even presymptomatically, then early medication might slow the course of deterioration or, at least, give the patient and carer the maximal ... could, therefore, break the pernicious cycle of neuronal selfdestruction Best of all, however, would be to combine thesetwo prospects If it were possible to detect neurodegeneration before onset of...
... of GUS enzyme (Sigma Aldrich) was added to sterile water to give a final volume of 100 lL The contents ofthetwo tubes were mixed together, giving a : peptide ⁄ protein ratio in the mixture The ... permeabilization treatment ofthe immature embryos not only increased the number of embryos carrying GUS enzyme, but also the intensity ofthe blue color was distinctly higher than the nonpermeabilized ... optional step, lg of LipofectamineÔ 2000 (Invitrogen) was added to the mixture and the mix incubated for another 30 for complex formation The mixture (total volume of 200 lL) was added to the sterilized...
... antimicrobial activityof a set of peptides from the heparin- and Zn2+ -binding regions of HMWK domain further substantiates findings obtained with the prototypic AHH peptides Whether peptides similar to the ... demonstrates that the antibacterial activityof histatin is enhanced by Zn2+, thus providing further proof ofthe concept that Zn2+ may regulate the antimicrobial activityof histidine-rich AMPs ... (G469–H488) showed either no binding or weak binding to heparin in the absence of Zn2+ (Fig 3B, upper) However, addition of Zn2+ yielded enhanced binding to heparin for these peptides (Fig 3B,...
... region ofthe bilayer, with the helical axis nearly parallel to the bilayer surface Interestingly, the tilt ofthe MSI-594 helix varied from 15° to 25° from the Insights from NMR structures of antimicrobial ... bilayer surface, whereas that ofthe MSI-78 helix varied from 5° to 10° The difference in the tilt angle between thesetwo peptides could be due to the difference in their oligomeric size: MSI-78 ... On the other hand, the presence of cholesterol reduced the tilt ofthe MSI-594 helix to within 5° and that ofthe MSI-78 peptide to < 5° This observation on the reduction in the tilt angle could...
... lowered the Tm ofthe peptide by 3.3 °C When 3(S)fluoroproline was incorporated, a further decrease in the Tm was found [30] As the pKa ofthe carboxyl group of 3(S)Hyp is lower than that of Pro, these ... the excess heat capacity ofthe peptides as a function of temperature Replacement of Pro by 3(S)Hyp decreases the transition enthalpy The first replacement of Pro by 3(S)Hyp in the middle ofthe ... Pro (1.92) The hydrogen bond between the amide of Gly and the carbonyl group ofthe residues in the Xaa position is the only direct inter-chain hydrogen bond in the triple helix Another explanation...
... dimerization by covalent linkage oftwo monomers [22] Therefore, we investigated whether dimerization of TPO receptor -binding miniproteins would result in agonistic activity From the characterized miniprotein ... supplemented with equal amounts ofthe miniproteins or control peptides and grown in the presence or absence of rhuTPO Whereas neither the control peptides AF12193 and AF12505 nor the miniprotein constructs ... practice, due to the immunogenicity ofthe protein [20,21] Two approaches have been used to overcome the antigenic problem of recombinant TPOs: either the use of dimeric antibody fragments that...
... modification ofthe rigidity ofthe lipid environment in proximity to the fluorescent probe; and alteration ofthe amount and mobility of water molecules at the probe area [30,35,38] The effects ofthe ... that the presence ofthe conjugated polymer does not affect the SR properties of Patman These results also indicate that the phospholipid moieties retain their dynamic properties in the presence of ... w0 is the radius ofthe beam in the focal plane, D is the lateral diffusion coefficient, n is the refractive index of medium, k represents the wavelength ofthe excitation light, and Dz is the distance...
... binding was determined with synthetic NPFF (100 pmol per assay) The limit of detection of NPFF-IR material was estimated to be between and 12 fmol Analysis ofthebinding characteristics ofthe ... fragment ion generated by the fragmentation ofthe double-charged ion at m/z 990.0 ofthe expected hNPAF (Fig 4E) shows a peak at the retention time of synthetic hNPAF (Fig 4D) The corresponding MS/MS ... corresponding to the NPFF-IR peak from COS-7 cell extract The capillary HPLC/nanospray MS/MS analysis ofthese fractions allowed to detect the y4 fragment ion at m/z 546.3 in the MS/MS spectrum ofthe double-charged...
... judge the comprehensiveness ofthe analysis: the relative quantity oftheproteins present and the molecular weights oftheproteins In general, proteins can be readily identified when they are ... spectrum ofthe unseparated digest Although the isotopic pattern of labeled peptides is relatively complex, the high resolution ofthe QqTOF instrument allows a determination ofthe charge on the ... turn influences the success ofthe subsequent database search The mass accuracy ofthe data has a significant influence on the success ofthe program Since there are a number of amino acids that...
... evaluated the correlation between the number of emitted photons and the amount of FITC by measuring the FITC volume using AFM Finally, we estimated the quantity of Aβ peptides ofthe cells placed on the ... follows: # of emitted photons , (3) Φ≡ # of absorbed photons the number of emitted photons indicates the multiplication ofthe quantum yield and the number of photons absorbed within the fluorochrome ... amount of FITC by measuring the FITC volume using AFM Finally, we estimated the quantity of Aβ peptides ofthe cells placed on the p-FET sensing area on the basis ofthebinding ratio between FITC...
... with a single number, we then count the number of users doing the job in minutes for the first task, and in minutes for the second task There are of course many other ways of ending up with a few ... not user interfaces since the user doesn’t interact directly across them – The user interacts indirectly with them through the user interface to the computer Design of user interfaces • In principle, ... Importance of usability • Who is responsible for the usability ofthe final system? – Programmers and other developers take responsibility for the technical correctness ofthe system and for the necessary...
... all products ofthe rat VCSA family members, the C-terminal TDIFEGG sequence is absent due to mutation or truncation ofthe C-terminus [27] With the absence ofthe VCSA subgroup of genes in non-rodent ... (Figure 1) These results indicate that the submandibular gland elaborates factors that protect against acute hypotension induced by endotoxin and that these factors are under the control ofthe cervical ... and speaking, and results in sores ofthe soft tissues ofthe mouth and periodontal disease These pathologies also manifest in human patients with a variety of systemic diseases including - Sjögren’s...