... directspeechacts
motivated by directspeech acts, indirectspeechacts motivated by directspeech acts,
direct speechacts motivated by indirectspeechactsand finally indirectspeechacts
motivated ...
speech acts motivated by indirectspeechactsand finally indirectspeechacts
motivated by indirectspeech acts.
The proportion of individual types in the play is outlined in the following table: ... point of view of indirectness.
The play contains four types of exchanges: directspeechacts motivated by
direct speech acts, indirectspeechacts motivated by directspeech acts, direct
speech...
... may include the
speaker/wrlter holding certain beliefs about the
world,
and having
certain intentions as to how it should
change
([Austin, 1962], [Searle, 1969]).
In
Cohen [1978] and ...
intuitive level, an extension to the work in Cohen
[1978] to account for indirectspeech acts. Because of
space constraints, we will
need
to
depend
explicitly
on
the intuitive meanings ... conditions in the second
inference above. S might also infer that A ham a
goal of achieving not P. This is another
possible inference. Which applies in a given
setting is detemlned by the rating...
... 2. They said, “We are coming back to our country” à……………………………………………………
3. They said, “Our flight will arrive in a few minutes.” à
……………………………………………………
4. Mary said to ... + (TO + O), “V + ……”
Gián tiếp: S + TOLD + O + TO INF….
ASKED
ADVISED
ORDERED
BEGGED
REQUESTED
INVITED
ENCOURAGED
URGED
WARNED
REMINDED
Trực tiếp: S + SAID + (TO + O), “DON’T/NEVER ... this again.” à
………………………………………………………
3- Questions
a- Wh-questions:
b-Yes-No questions:
EX:
1. He said, “Where do you live?” à ……………………………………………………………
2. She asked, “What are you doing, Ann?”...
...
xix
that in children’s drawings and paintings, the sun is painted yellow. And perhaps in reality the
colour of the sun is not as yellow as that in children’s paintings. Therefore, in most
dictionaries, ... meaning in Europe than in Asia. One stands for outcast and jealousy,
the other for divine and royal (and other contradictory meanings). In Vietnam, yellow is a
good colour representing wealth and ... symbol of happiness and ultimate joy, thus all Chinese weddings include the colour red.
English find many meaningful definition for colours used in wedding but Vietnamese don’t.
English consider...
... andindirectspeech acts, the data indicated that most
speech actsin the film were direct ones. It is argued that the setting of the film (war
film) influences the use of directspeechactsin ... misunderstanding if
speech acts are uttered indirectly, most training simulation is effected by employing
specific types of speechacts such as direct commands.
5.1 Directspeechacts
There ... greeting, thanking,
accepting (acknowledging an acknowledgment.
3.2 Conventional speechacts
Effectives: Speechacts effecting a change of status, including appointing,
nominating, suspending,...
... Among
knowledge involved in the complex sentence, there are nominal clauses,
adverbial clauses, directandindirect speech. This report looks into these matters
by including two main sections. ... contrasts the use of
nominal clauses and adverbial clauses, directandindirectspeechin the financial
theme by analyzing five financial articles to help you thoroughly understand the
theory. Moreover, ... definition and usage of nominal clauses, adverbial clauses, directand
indirect speech. The other section deals with practical applications of these
theories in finance- an aspect of business....
... computers inEnglish as a foreign
language (EFL) teaching and learning and computers in ESP teaching and learning.
I.1. Theoretical backgrounds of computers and EFL teaching and learning
I.1.1. Introduction
This ... teaching
and learning (in general) and teaching and learning FL (in particular). As far as this study is
concerned, certain applications of computers in teaching and learning FL are going to ... language teaching and learning and computer uses in EFL teaching learning are
investigated.
I.1.2. Educational Technology and EFL teaching and learning
Thanks to the achievements of international...
... missed in
communication. There are a lot of types of question inEnglish but in this paper I would like to
devote all my interest inEnglish negative questions in order to get more understanding ... mistakes and shortcomings are unavoidable. All the constructive criticism and
valuable comments are highly appreciated.
2. Implication for teaching and learning
Teaching and learning English, ... meaning
In English, some verbs have negative meaning and make up negative sentences without
using negative words, which is used to distinguish other verbs having negative meaning by
adding...
... noticeable in the use of indirectspeech acts. According
to Yule (1996), indirectspeechacts are generally associated with greater politeness in
English than directspeech acts. Hence, interlocutors ...
use of indirectness. An utterance with indirectacts always has multiple meanings with
interpretation of the indirectacts based on the direct act and the context. They require certain
extent ... the indirectacts are used
purposefully, but mostly for politeness/ regard of “face”. Grice (1975) states that indirect
speech act the speakers say what s/he means, while inindirectspeech acts...
... Englishand Vietnamese, is expected to be an
interesting and helpful material for foreign language teachers and learners and for people who
are interested in idioms in both Englishand Vietnamese.
2. ... distinction between idiomatic variants and
synonymous idioms.
- Gain an insightful look at idioms in general and idiomatic variants and synonymous
idioms in particular in both Englishand ... During the process of investigating materials from various sources, the forms,
characteristics and meanings of idioms and their variants and synonyms inEnglishand
Vietnamese are described and...
... comparing and contrasting
linguistics became popular thanks to the emergence of new lands, new
communities, and new languages. Sine 1970s, comparing and contrasting
linguistics has been playing ... thông?
On the other hand, in English, a rising intonation is important when using
tag questions. In fact, rising intonation is the only feature that makes this type of
questions distinct from declarative ... nào?
b) Types of questions inEnglish
In English, there are many ways to categorize and define questions. In
“Practical English Usage”, questions are classified into 4 main types (Swan,
2003):...