... referring to all of them as caveolae, was demonstrated by their content of both caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 The coexistence of caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 in all three caveolae subclasses is in line ... (Fig 2G), but increased in response to insulin in both the LD-caveolae and HD-caveolae, with the increase being particularly pronounced inthe LD-caveolae (Fig 4C) The presence ofthe triacylglycerol-hydrolysing ... the uptake and hydrolysis of cholesteryl ester from HDL The involvement of SR-B1 in this uptake was indicated by the inhibition ofthe uptake by the SR-BI inhibitor BLT-1 Conclusions In conclusion,...
... important inthe literature and have roles assigned [12–18,20]: *, CTP-binding residue ofthe P-loop; (*), CTP-binding residue; ^, Neu5Ac-binding residue; #, Neu5Ac-binding residue forming part ofthe ... subunit, and we therefore investigated whether its mutation (K142A) had affected either the folding or dimerization ofthe polypeptide chain The CD spectrum ofthe mutant was identical to that ofthe ... al [14] inthe related enzyme, L-CKS, because mutation would interfere with both Neu5Ac binding as well as playing a role inthe re-orientation of Mg2+ binding during the re-opening ofthe active...
... Buchnera genome includes genes involved in biosysnthesis ofthe nine amino acids that are known to be essential to animals (histidine, iso leucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threo ... annotating the pea Page of aphid genome to determine the presence or absence of immune- and stress-related genes found in other insects, such as Drosophila, then performing RNA and protein expression ... ine, tryptophan and valine), but very few genes n involved in synthesis of non-essential amino acids [8] Manual annotation ofthe pea aphid genome indeed shows that it lacks machinery to synthesize...
... PiT1-binding immunoadhesin generated by fusing the aminoterminal residues ofthe GALV (SEATO strain) Env, comprising the signal peptide, the RBD andthe proline-rich region, to the rFc tag, herein, ... distribution in basal conditions With HRBD, the GLUT1 ligand, we observed a staining of GLUT1 inthe corpus callosum andthe basal ganglia apparently weaker than inthe cerebellum andinthe cortex These ... distinct binding ofthe GLUT1 ligand was detected, with the structure rather presenting a diffuse staining (data not shown) PiT1, on the other hand, showed a reticular pattern with several stained...
... testing of these models [reviewed in 58] and further broad comparative studies, including normal and aberrant flowers in a range of species, will aid understanding ofthe mechanisms underlying the ... characteristic of euAP1 proteins The predicted AG protein was clustered inthe C lineage ofthe angiosperm AG subfamily (Figure 1), but the C andthe D lineages are closely related and often difficult ... petal identity On the other hand, the role of euAP1 genes in specification of sepal and petal identity in plants other than Arabidopsis is unclear andthe concept ofthe A function in flower Varkonyi-Gasic...
... within the ruptures of a temporary cavity inthe gelatin block revealed a deposition of particles along the entire bullet path for both types of projectiles examined Inthe case ofthe soft point ... and reproducible method of systematic examination inthe field of terminal ballistics The model permits the infiltration depth of exogenous particles leading to contamination in relation to the ... were found 6.0-10.0 cm behind the point Page ofof impact ofthe projectile on the gelatin block In this area, the gelatin blocks at which shots were fired with soft point bullets showed significantly...
... structure of a Ca2+ ⁄ CaM ⁄ peptide complex The N-terminal domain is in blue andthe C-terminal domain is in pink The peptide is shown as a green helix andthe termini are indicated with N and C ... (1992) High and intermediate affinity calmodulin binding domains ofthe alpha and beta subunits of phosphorylase kinase and their potential role in phosphorylation-dependent activation ofthe holoenzyme ... Val358 Interestingly, the three peptides from MLCK, CaMKI and eNOS each have a large aromatic residue inthe N-terminal part ofthe peptide that binds inthe with the C-terminal domain in CaM...
... experiment, the indicated proteins were incubated together in NaCl ⁄ Pi containing 250 mM NaCl at °C for h, and then incubated with Talon beads The amount of protein present inthe fraction bound to the ... OsRPA70b is increased inthe presence of OsRPA32 To determine the functional significance ofthe interactions among the RPA subunits, we tested the effect of RPA32 on the ssDNA-binding activity of OsRPA70a ... may function inthe sensing of DNA damage [22] In contrast with the intensive study of RPA in animals and yeast, little is known about this protein in plants In 1997, an ortholog ofthe RPA70-kDa...
... the dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of insulin B-chain (Fig 7, curve 4) At the : (w/w) ratio of insulin to Bt-Lon, Bt-Lon suppressed the dithiothreitolinduced aggregation of insulin B-chain ... 4, insulin + Bt-Lon (100 lg) The protein concentration of insulin was 300 lgÆmL)1 in NaCl/Pi buffer (pH 7.4) The ratios (w/w) of insulin to Bt-Lon are given inthe inset used as a measure of protein ... 4–6) The N-terminal aminoacid sequenceofthe recombinant protein as determined by Edman degradation was identical with the deduced sequenceof Bt-Lon The native molecular mass of recombinant...
... marginal frequency (MF) of each citing journal as the sum ofthe observed values inits row, andthe marginal frequency of each cited journal as the sum ofthe observed values inits column The ... space inthe cardiac domain for the kind of broad-reaching translational research seen inthe cancer domain Possible hypotheses can be assessed by evaluating the semantic content ofthe interfaces ... differences inthe relationships of journals in oncology and cardiac medicine Do these differences arise from the nature ofthe clinical problems andthe research they require? For most ofthe late...
... marginal frequency (MF) of each citing journal as the sum ofthe observed values inits row, andthe marginal frequency of each cited journal as the sum ofthe observed values inits column The ... space inthe cardiac domain for the kind of broad-reaching translational research seen inthe cancer domain Possible hypotheses can be assessed by evaluating the semantic content ofthe interfaces ... differences inthe relationships of journals in oncology and cardiac medicine Do these differences arise from the nature ofthe clinical problems andthe research they require? For most ofthe late...
... The natural range of silver fir is discontinuous It grows inthe mountains of Southern Europe, from the Pyrenees to the Balkans The main centres ofthe range are situated in Central ... Map of sampling sites 382 al (2004), Bäumler et al (1995), andin France by Pinto et al (2008) The paper presents the results ofthe nutrient balance and content ofthe stress elements inthe ... needles of fir taken in 2006 and 2007 inthe Bohemian Forest, inthe mature stands growing predominantly above 1,100 m a.s.l Material and methods Samples of silver fir needles were taken inthe Bohemian...
... as judged by the differential staining of their walls, were seen in each radial file to the inside ofthe former initials (i.e., within the domain ofthe xylem) The non-enlargement of one, or occasionally ... than 95% ofthe variation inthe sets of data The number of fusiform cells inthe radial files on the xylem side ofthe cambium varied with the time of year, increasing to a maximum of about ... when the threshold is crossed once more as the season ofthe year changes Inthe context ofthe inter-relationship between the tree andits environment, it is of interest to discover which of the...
... Fuenteguinaldo, and 570 l m –2 y –1 and 11.3 °C at Navasfrías The MAT ofthe sites under study is similar, being precipitation the differentiating factor ofthe climate [30, 31] The dominant soils ... were determined after ignition (550 °C, 17 h) and dissolution ofthe residue in 0.1 M H2SO4 Inorganic P inthe NaOH extract (P i) was measured directly inthe extracts, and organic P inthe NaOH ... that the quality of SOM decreases when the C/N ratio increases Schneider [23] found for these forest soils that an increase ofthe rainfall causes a decrease ofthe quality of SOM as a consequence...
... Variations of orthologous disease and drug-target genes One ofthe primary goals ofthe Chinese macaque genome resequencing is to maximize the use ofthe rhesus macaque genomesequenceinthe context of ... position inthe reference genomeand 95.95% ofthe bases inthe reference genome are covered, resulting in an average 11.56-fold coverage The relatively lower genome coverage in macaque resequencing ... aligned onto the reference, a mated pair of reads should be inthe correct orientation andthe distance between them should be in an allowed range depending on the insert size ofthe sequenced library...
... motor vehicle crash The remaining 16 patients reported various other mechanisms of trauma, including falls and sports injuries Preoperative complaints and clinical findings Only "pain" was identified ... describes the procedures, findings, and long-term outcome in a series of patients undergoing spinal accessory nerve decompression in combination with excision of tender points for chronic pain following ... anesthetized generally thickened fascia, including septae between bundles ofthe muscle, are excised from the painful area ofthe muscle according to preoperative skin markings corresponding to the...
... process of bone healing and remodeling, indicating return to normal ofthe ostectomized region (Magnification 40×) C, C + cavity, Occlusion ofthe roof ofthe ostectomized cavity, with integration of ... conducted inthe Laboratory of Experimental Surgery ofthe Oral and Max- Page of illofacial Surgery and Traumatology Discipline, School of Dentistry of Universidade Federal Rio Grande Sul (UFRGS) The ... Committee/GPPG/HCPA The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee ofthe School of Dentistry of Universidade Federal Rio Grande Sul The animals were anesthetized andthe right hind leg was shaved and...
... refutes the idea of mixing SVC and IVC blood as the mechanism for development of Δ[Lac] The finding of greater SO2 and [Lac] in IVC and SVC than in pulmonary artery indicates that further dilution of ... position ofthe catheter at each sampling site andthe blood sampling procedure was performed within a span of min, with no changes noted in heart rate or blood pressure in any ofthe patients Finally, ... answered by further clinical studies Conclusion The development of ΔSO2 and Δ[Lac] inthe patient population studied cannot be explained by the mixing of SVC and IVC blood The development of these gradients...
... be misleading – but of keeping the severity details in mind This study is a serious contribution to the better usage ofthe feeding routes On the basis of this study and others [2,8], the good ... good news is that the simplest feeding method is always worth trying Feeding should be started by the gastric route, and given the extra workload and costs involved in gaining PP access, this ... were not fed according to random assignment (10 failures in tube placement and failures in gastric feeding) Not surprisingly, the nutritional efficiency differences in favour ofthe gastric route...
... nearly anything else inthe history of humanity The timeline of disease extends as far back as recorded history The oldest known example of TB was found inthe tubercular decay inthe spines of an ... The mycobacterial infection is initiated when the infected individual exhales the pathogen inthe form of aerosol droplets during coughing, sneezing, spitting or even while talking Each sneeze ... liquefaction that climaxes inthe release of infectious bacteria into the airways36 1.1.5.3 Latency stage The granuloma formation limits the dissemination of infection and regulates the environment to...