... piece of evidence for the control of the classification bias of this article (with regard to the selection ofthe controls) has been shown in the work Varol et al [27], where the normality of ... interest in the re-cords gathered by the different collaborators. The fruit of that qualitative examination was the rejection of a total of 9 controls and 3 cases at the defining moment of the construction ... the construction ofthe data package. The funda-mental cause was the lack of fulfilment ofthe inclu-sion criteria. The assembly ofthe previous data package with a total of 93 records (53...
... [6].Because ofthe rarity of monochorionic triplet pregnan-cies, there is no established guideline for management. The presence of an anomalous fetus further complicates the management of pregnancy. ... ofthe manuscript. YC was the director ofthe Maternal and Fetal Medicine Unit and par-ticipated in the design and revision ofthe manuscript. AITwas the director ofthe Reproductive Medicine ... to the mother to promotefetal lung maturation. The patient was readmitted to ourunit at 34 weeks for uterine contractions and impairedfetal growth. The size ofthelung lesion remained the same...
... function of the two isoforms, prompted us to analyze the organiza-tion and the promoter sequences (Fig. 4) ofthe two tryptasegenes. The length of both genes, as evaluated from the size of the PCR ... these tissues at the mRNA level. The simultaneous expression ofthe two isoforms could be due tosimilar regulatory mechanisms in these specific tissues. The coexistence in the same organism of ... 60-fold higher in the case of BLT. The tissue-specific expression ofthe two tryptaseswas evaluated at the RNA level by analysis of their dif-ferent restriction patterns. In lung, only BLT was...
... cells ofthe transgenic animals, and thereby promoted the development ofcarcinomaofthe lung. This mouse model should prove useful to the study oflung carcinogenesis and to the identification of ... addition to the increased incidence of spontaneous lung tumor, these transgenic mice were more susceptible to the development oflung adeno‐ carcinoma after exposure to BaP. The risk oflung tumors ... in the lungs of mice allows control ofthe tim‐Oncogenesis, Inflammatory and Parasitic Tropical Diseases ofthe Lung3 4 Section 3 Parasitic Tropical Lung Diseases 141Chapter 7 Tropical Lung...
... diagnosed in the right lung than the left lung. But, survival rates were nearly identi-cal for patients whose tumors arose in the right lung as compared to the left lung (Table 9.7). ‘Other’ category ... laterality).SubsiteOver 40% ofthelung cancers originated in the upper lobe no matter at which stage they were diagnosed. For stage I, 61.6% ofthe cancers originated in the upper lobe and 28.9% in the lower ... II, 53.9% ofthe cancers originated in the upper lobe and 34.1% in the lower lobe. For stages III, IV, and unknown, the origin Table 9.3: Cancer ofthe Lung: Number and Distribution of Cases...
... parameters may have distorted the data weobserved to learn about the target. The distribution of both k inds of parameters can be updated with the help of the Bayesian theorem. The posterior target para-meters, ... ofthe uncertainty of the SMR as a result of confounding can be determined. Weuse the carbon black example to apply and illustrate thismethod. Details ofthe procedure and explanations of the ... data), that is the posterior distribution of the param eters. The factor 1/P(da ta) is often called the pro-portionality factor and this factor links the posteriorwith the product of likelihood...
... uptakeattheeighththoracicvertebraandintheregionofthecoracoid in the right shoulder. Further CT imaging of both regions indicated a fracture through the transverseprocess of T8, though the patient ... metastatic disease to the coracoid asthey may be the first medical provider to encounter evidence of malignant disease.Introduction The coracoid process ofthe scapula is a rare site of involvement ... metastatic breast carcinomaofthe coracoidprocess, one of which presented with a pathologic fracture ofthe coracoid.Conclusions: An orthopaedic surgeon must be aware ofthe potential for...
... stratification of EOC patients with serous ovarian carcinoma. BackgroundEpithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is the second mostcommon and the most lethal malignancy ofthe femalereproductive tract [1]. Etiological ... EOC ofthe serous subtype, high AR expression is a favourable prognostic factor. These results indicate that assessment of AR expression might be of value for treatment stratification of EOC ... Fritsche HA Jr, el-Naggar A, Gray K, Ordonez NG, Luna M, Gershenson D: The induction of benign epithelial neoplasms ofthe ovaries of guinea pigs by testosterone stimulation: a potential animal model....
... treatment. In the past 25 years, adenocarcinoma has replaced squamous cell carcinoma as the most frequent histologic subtype, and the incidence of small cell carcinoma is on the decline. Table ... represents one lung cancer case for every 3 million cigarettes smoked. Thus, primary carcinomaofthelung is a major health problem with a generally grim prognosis. Pathology The term lung cancer ... 60,514 cases of invasive lung cancer involving all races and both sexes obtained from the data for 1983–1987 ofthe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program ofthe National...
... smoking-related, further increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Thelung cancer death rate is related to the total amount (often expressed in "cigarette pack-years") of cigarettes ... clinically localized at the time of presentation may be cured with either surgery or radiotherapy. The beneficial role of chemotherapy in NSCLC is in palliation of symptoms and improving survival ... in the past the different subtypes of NSCLC were rarely treated differently. However, lung adenocarcinomas (often with bronchioloalveolar features) may be responsive to therapy aimed at the...
... cancers other than lung cancer, nor in lung cancers that have KRAS mutations. These EGFR mutations, often associated with amplification ofthe EGFR gene, usually confer sensitivity of these lung ... cases the development of EGFR TKI resistance is associated with the development of another mutation in the EGFR gene (T790M mutation), or amplification ofthe c-met oncogene. However, other ... syndrome) genes may develop lung cancer. First-degree relatives of lung cancer probands have a two- to threefold excess risk oflung cancer or other cancers, many of which are not smoking-related....
... inappropriate palliative rather than curative treatment. Often the paraneoplastic syndrome may be relieved with successful treatment ofthe tumor. In some cases, the pathophysiology ofthe paraneoplastic ... the renal manifestations of nephrotic syndrome or glomerulonephritis (≤1%). Chapter 085. Neoplasms oftheLung (Part 5) Clinical Manifestations Lung cancer gives rise to signs and symptoms ... and 97). Although 5–15% of patients with lung cancer are identified while they are asymptomatic, usually as a result of a routine chest radiograph or through the use of screening CT scans, most...
... Neoplasms oftheLung (Part 6) Diagnosis and Staging Screening Most patients with lung cancer present with advanced disease, raising the question of whether screening would detect these tumors ... (whether the tumor can be entirely removed by a standard surgical procedure such as a lobectomy or pneumonectomy), which depends on the anatomic stage ofthe tumor, and operability (whether the ... diagnosis of epithelial malignancy and distinguish small cell from non-small cell lung cancer. Staging Patients with Lung Cancer Lung cancer staging consists of two parts: first, a determination of...