... You could compile the class unchanged in C+ +/CLI with the following command line: cl /clr atom.cpp and it would be a valid C+ +/CLI program That’s because C+ +/CLI is a superset of C+ +, so any C+ + ... requires compilers to make ISO C+ + code “just work”—no source code changes or extensions are needed to compile C+ + code to execute on CLI, or to make calls between code compiled “normally” and code compiled ... the term classic C+ + Hogenson_7 05- 2C0 1.fm Page Friday, October 13, 2006 2:11 PM CHAPTER ■ INTRODUCING C+ +/CLI The /clr Compiler Option If you use Visual C+ + 20 05, you have to let the compiler...
... representing a character of classes Mn or Mcdecimal-digitcharacter: A Unicode character of the class Nd A unicode-character-escape-sequence representing a character of the class Nd underscore-character: ... unicode-character-escape-sequence representing a character of classes Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm, Lo, or Nl combining-character: A Unicode character of classes Mn or Mc A unicode-character-escape-sequence ... identifier-part-character identifier-part-character: letter-character combining-character decimal-digit-character underscore-character letter-character: A Unicode character of classes Lu, Ll,...
... Pronounce these words by your self September November primary chemistry algebra engineer December October physical politics statistics volunteer careful cinema computing academic secondary entertain ... difficult 9…… calculations can be done very quickly on computers 10…… NOW, CHECK! A The world’s first electronic computer was built 1……… by the university of Pennsylvania in 1946 However, computers ... However, computers sold commercially 2… … for the first time in the 1 950 s Much progress on computers are making since 1 950 computers are …… now much smaller and more powerful and they can be bought...
... or Nl combining-character: A Unicode character of classes Mn or Mc A unicode-character-escape-sequence representing a character of classes Mn or Mc decimal-digitcharacter: A Unicode character ... in 'a' character-literal: ' character ' character: single-character simple-escape-sequence hexadecimal-escape-sequence unicode-character-escape-sequence single-character: Any character except ' ... of the class Nd A unicode-character-escape-sequence representing a character of the class Nd underscore-character: A Unicode character of the class Pc A unicode-character-escape-sequence representing...
... public class Stack { public static Stack Clone(Stack s) { } public static Stack Flip(Stack s) { } public object Pop() { } public void Push(object o) { } public override string ToString() { } } class ... static fields: class Color { public static public static public static public static readonly readonly readonly readonly Color Color Color Color Red = new Color(0xFF, 0, 0); Blue = new Color(0, ... 53 2 .5. 3 Declaration directives 53 2 .5. 4 Conditional compilation directives 54 2 .5. 5 Diagnostic directives 57 2 .5. 6 Region directives ...
... 10 Excellent Economics and Business programmes at: Please click the advert “The perfect start of a successful, international career.” CLICK HERE to discover why both socially and academically ... Introduction to programming and the C# language Part Part Introduction to C Introduction to C# A computer program is a family of commands executed in a speciic order that together solves a speciic ... programming and the C# language Basic program architecture Basic program architecture he above example shows in principle the overall architecture of a C# program which is a class that has a Main()...
... and collections CLI — Common Language Infrastructure CLS — Common Language Specification IEC — the International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE — the Institute of Electrical and Electronics ... 398 25. 5.4 Members of a constructed type 399 25. 5 .5 Accessibility of a constructed type 399 25. 5.6 Conversions 400 xii Table of Contents 25. 5.7 Using ... 10 .5 Member access 90 10 .5. 1 Declared accessibility 90 iv Table of Contents 10 .5. 2 Accessibility domains 91 10 .5. 3 Protected access for instance members...
... the three commands cc -c x .c cc -c y .c cc -c y .c would compile x .c, y .c, and z .c and create object files x.o, y.o, and z.o Then, the three object files could be linked together using cc -o myprog ... the Microsoft C compiler comes with a CL (``compile and link'') command, which works almost the same as Unix cc You can compile and link in one step: cl hello .c or you can compile only: cl /c hello .c ... string containing one character is distinct from a lone character.) A character constant is simply a single character between single quotes: 'A', '.', '%' The numeric value of a character constant...
... Slide Dynamic type dynamic myDynamicVar; Regardless of the value that myDynamicVar actually contains, this code will compile If the requested member does not exist, you will get an exception ... exception when this code is executed Example: private dynamic TrungBinh(dynamic s1, dynamic s2) { return (s1 + s2) / 2; } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { dynamic tb = TrungBinh(2, ... to existing types without creating a new derived type, recompiling, or otherwise modifying the original type Syntax: public static class ExtensionClass { public static (...
... semicolon (;) 11 Basic concepts in C# (cont.) • Namespace (p .51 ) • Namespaces are used as a means of categorizing items • Within a namespace, you can declare: • • • • • • another namespace class ... class interface struct enum delegate • C# is case sensitive 12 Console Application (try it out p.18) • Basic Console Application structure using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; ... is C# ? • C# is one of the languages included in the NET Framework – C# is an object-oriented programming language • Applications you can write with C# – – – – Windows applications Web applications...
... representing a character of classes Mn or Mcdecimal-digitcharacter: A Unicode character of the class Nd A unicode-character-escape-sequence representing a character of the class Nd underscore-character: ... unicode-character-escape-sequence representing a character of classes Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm, Lo, or Nl combining-character: A Unicode character of classes Mn or Mc A unicode-character-escape-sequence ... identifier-part-character identifier-part-character: letter-character combining-character decimal-digit-character underscore-character letter-character: A Unicode character of classes Lu, Ll,...
... private declared accessibility Struct members cannot have protected or protected internal declared accessibility • Interface members implicitly have public declared accessibility No access modifiers ... which the declaration occurs 52 Copyright Microsoft Corporation 1999-2000 All Rights Reserved Chapter Basic concepts • The scope of a parameter declared in a constructor-declaration is the constructor-initializer ... Chapter Basic concepts Basic concepts 3.1 Declarations Declarations in a C# program define the constituent elements of the program C# programs are organized using namespaces (§9), which can contain...
... Explicit reference conversions • Explicit interface conversions • Unboxing conversions • User-defined explicit conversions Explicit conversions can occur in cast expressions (§7.6.8) The explicit ... integral type, the processing depends on the overflow checking context (§7 .5. 13) in which the conversion takes place: • In a checked context, the conversion succeeds if the source argument is within ... Reserved 79 C# LANGUAGE REFERENCE • Boxing conversions (§6.1 .5) • Implicit constant expression conversions (§6.1.6) The standard implicit conversions specifically exclude user-defined implicit conversions...
... struct Color { public static readonly Color White = new Color( ); public static readonly Color Black = new Color( ); public Color Complement() { } } class A { public Color Color; // Field Color ... of type Color void F() { Color = Color.Black; Color = Color.Complement(); } } // References Color.Black static member // Invokes Complement() on Color field static void G() { Color c = Color.White; ... ) 7 .5. 13 checked and unchecked operators The checked and unchecked operators are used to control the overflow checking context for integral-type arithmetic operations and conversions checked-expression:...
... switch-block switch-block: { switch-sectionsopt } switch-sections: switch-section switch-sections switch-section switch-section: switch-labels statement-list switch-labels: switch-label switch-labels ... 2; } 8 .5. 2 Local constant declarati ons A local-constant-declaration declares one or more local constants local-constant-declaration: const type constant-declarators constant-declarators: constant-declarator ... constant-declarator constant-declarators , constant-declarator constant-declarator: identifier = constant-expression The type of a local-constant-declaration specifies the type of the constants introduced...
... specific-catch-clauses: specific-catch-clause specific-catch-clauses specific-catch-clause specific-catch-clause: catch ( class-type identifieropt ) block general-catch-clause: catch block 154 Copyright ... try block catch-clauses try block finally-clause try block catch-clauses finally-clause catch-clauses: specific-catch-clauses general-catch-clauseopt specific-catch-clausesopt general-catch-clause ... considered a match A general catch clause is considered a match for any exception type If a matching catch clause is located: • If the matching catch clause declares an exception variable, the exception...