Báo cáo của Ủy ban Giao dịch và Chứng khoán Hoa Kỳ năm 2008 này đã xem xét các hoạt động của 3 tổ chức xếp hạng tín dụng (NRSRO): Fitch Ratings, Moody’s Investors Services và Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, sau khi thị trường chứng khoán hỗn loạn do các khoản cho vay thế chấp dưới chuẩn (subprime) năm 2007. Báo cáo kiểm tra các chính sách, quy trình, hoạt động của 3 NRSRO, cũng như các vấn đề tiềm ẩn trong mỗi công ty. Một số vấn đề chung được phát hiện trong quá trình xem xét bao gồm: * Sự gia tăng đáng kể về số lượng và mức độ phức tạp của các giao dịch RMBS và CDO kể từ năm 2002, một số NRSRO dường như phải vật lộn với sự tăng trưởng đó. * Các khía cạnh quan trọng của quá trình xếp hạng không phải lúc nào cũng được tiết lộ đầy đủ. * Các chính sách và quy trình cho việc xếp hạng RMBS và CDO có thể được lập thành văn bản rõ ràng hơn. * Các NRSRO đã không luôn lập thành văn bản các bước quan trọng trong quá trình xếp hạng, bao gồm lý do cho việc chệch hướng khỏi mô hình hoặc hành động và quyết định của ủy ban xếp hạng, đồng thời không phải lúc nào cũng lập thành văn bản những người tham gia chính trong quá trình xếp hạng. * Các quy trình giám sát được các NRSRO sử dụng kém chặt chẽ hơn so với các quy trình xếp hạng ban đầu. * Những vấn đề đã được xác định trong việc quản lý xung đột lợi ích và có thể cải thiện được. * Các thủ tục kiểm toán nội bộ của các NRSRO khác nhau đáng kể.
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:20
... annual increment (MAI) the total increase of volume growth of trees per unit area (ha) up to the end of the rotation period, divided by the number of years in the rotation monopsony a structure ... NGO local of? ?? ces at District and Sub-District levels of North Sumatra, Riau, Jambi and South Sumatra. I am especially thankful to the Dutch Government and its Associate Professional Of? ?? cers ... at CIFOR during the time of this research. vii Abstract In the late 1980s, large amounts of money and areas of Indonesia’s forestland were allocated for the development of fast-growing pulp plantations.
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:21
Education Pays2004: The Benefi ts of Higher Education for Individuals and Society ppt
... at the age of 40 • If the calculation of the value of cumulative earnings is based on a simple sum of annual earnings without taking account of the lesser value of earnings ... twelfth year of full-time work, the value of the cumulative earnings of the median earner with a bachelor’s degree surpasses the value of the sum of four years of. .. quartile, ... picture of the value of our investment in higher education. Another caveat necessary to the accurate interpretation of the information provided here is that not all of the benefi ts of higher
Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20
Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Appropriate Algorithms for EstimatingFrequency-Selective Rician Fading MIMO Channels and Channel Rice Factor: Substantial Benefits of Rician Model and Estimator Tradeoffs" ppt
... l2 are independent of each other Hence, the elements of the matrix H are also independent of each other Using (2), the mean value and the variance of the elements hr,t (l) of H can be computed ... The SSLS channel estimator of [33] is an optimally shifted type of the presented scaled LS (SLS) method of [7, 21] The motivation of using it is the further reduction of the error in the MIMO frequency-selective ... independent of κ The channel will be no fading or AWGN when κ → ∞ 6.3 The Rician Fading Model with a Higher Number of Antennas In Figures and 9, the effect of both the channel 6.5 Substantial Benefits of
Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20
The Do’s and Don’ts of Entering a Relationship
... things off to a good start from the word go The perfect relationship would consist of 100% trust, amazing communication and openness, the desire to push each other to the limits in all aspects of ... will just it more This can be in the form of projection, which is when we are in denial of our own faults and so project them onto others as a form of defence for ourselves So when someone is ... their partner of cheating because they are in denial of doing it themselves Another reason for cheating leading to a person believing their partner must be cheating is because they often think
Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 14:02
Securitization Accounting: The Ins and Outs (And Some Do’s and Don’ts) of FASB 140, FIN 46R, IAS 39 and More . . . ppt
... Of? ??ce of Deloitte & Touche LLP and serves as the Professional Practice Director for the Firm’s securitization practice Table of Contents Introduction Chapter Chapter What’s New in 2005? Is Off-Balance ... founding partner of Deloitte & Touche LLP’s securitization practice and an Executive Vice President of the American Securitization Forum Jim Johnson is a partner in the National Of? ??ce of Deloitte ... or an Affiliate (Beneficial Interest Holder) Summary of Monthly Activity* Servicing Fees Reimbursements of Servicer Advances Servicer Advances to Cover Delinquent Loans Principal & Interest on Receivables
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20
Economic benefits of standardization Summary of results Final report and practical examples pdf
... benefits of standardization: Summary Economic benefits of standardization: Summary Page Contents Foreword Preface Part A: Benefits for business The effects of standardization: Results of the company ... competitiveness Comparison of the results of the macroeconomic analyses with those of the company survey As a final step, the results of the sectoral and macroeconomic analyses on the basis of official statistics ... experts (with references to examples) Technical University Dresden, Faculty of Economics and Business Management Prof Dr Armin Töpfer, Chair of Coorporate Management and Marketing Prof Dr Ulrich
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:20
Báo cáo hóa học: " Normalization Benefits Microarray-Based Classification" potx
... a sys- tematic study of the effect of normalization on classification. Classification errors are computed at different stages of the processing so as to quantify the influence of each processing stage ... to typical normalization methods and passed through a set of classification rules, theobjectivebeingtocarryoutasystematicstudyoftheeffect of normalization on classification. Three normalization methods ... what we consider here. Assessment of the effectiveness of normalization has mainly been confined to the ability to detect differentially expressed genes. A major use of microarrays is phenotype classification
Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20
Psychology of selling summary Personal MBA
... time and money? Do you think your employees will find our software easy to use? What is your impression of the range of colours we offer? © 2001 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd All rights reserved 2-10 ... ! Feeler: Decorated warmly with pictures of scenes or people Antiques ! Senser: Usually a mess with piles of papers, etc Action pictures or pictures of the manufacturing plant or products on ... drives © 2001 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd All rights reserved 2-7 Examples of Benefits (favourable results) Will make you a high profit Saves 10 percent in energy costs Reduces your replacement costs
Ngày tải lên: 25/09/2016, 15:10
Explanation of a Summary of Aqeedat Hamawiyyah
... THE TRUTH? ?OF? ?THE METHODOLOGY? ?OF? ?THE SALAF AND THE FALSEHOOD? ?OF? ?GIVING PRECEDENCE TO THE METHODOLOGY? ?OF? ?THE KHALAF IN KNOWLEDGES & WISDOM CHAPTER 6: SOME STATEMENTS? ?OF? ?MODERN AUTHORS AGAINST THE METHODOLOGY? ?OF? ?THE SALAF ... PART TWO: COMBINING BETWEEN THE TEXTS? ?OF? ?THE ‘ULUWW (HIGHNESS)? ?OF? ?ALLAAH & HIS DESCENDING CHAPTER 15: AFFIRMING THE ATTRIBUTE? ?OF? ?ALLAAHʹS FACE CHAPTER 16: THE TWO HANDS? ?OF? ?ALLAAH CHAPTER 17: THE TWO EYES? ?OF? ?ALLAAH ... PART FOUR: THE TAFSEER? ?OF? ?THE QUR’AAN CHAPTER 25: THE DIVISION? ?OF? ?THE PEOPLE? ?OF? ?THE QIBLAH REGARDING THE AAYAAT & AHAADEETH? ?OF? ?THE ATTRIBUTES CHAPTER 26: THE EVIL NAMES WITH WHICH THE PEOPLE? ?OF? ?INNOVATION REFER TO
Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2018, 20:11
CFA 2018 level 3 schweser practice exam CFA 2018 level 3 question bank CFA 2018 r06 the behavioral biases of individuals summary
... four sources of availability biases: retrievability, categorization, narrow range of experience, resonance (overestimating the probability of an outcome that matches with one’s way of thinking) ... advantages of diversification and proper asset allocation www.ift.world 17 Regret-aversion bias refers to tendency of people to avoid making decision due to the fear of experiencing the pain of regret ... • • • • Anchoring & Adjustment Bias Incorrect use of psychological heuristics Mental Accounting Bias Treat one sum of money (or source of return) as different from other Framing Bias Answer
Ngày tải lên: 14/06/2019, 17:17
Doctoral dissertation of law summary completing legal foundation of communist party’s leadership on current state of vietnam
... example, Article 49 of Constitution of the Republic of Italy, in 1947; Article of the Constitution of the Republic of France in 1958; Article of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, in 198, ... and interests of the people 2.2.2 The content and forms of the legal foundation of the Communist Party of Vietnam’s leadership on the State of Vietnam In terms of content, the LF of the CPV’s ... THEORETICAL BASIS OF COMPLETING THE LEGAL FOUNDATION OF COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIETNAM’S LEADERSHIP ON CURRENT STATE OF VIETNAM 2.1 THE NECESSITY, CONTENT, METHODS OF LEADING OF COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIETNAM
Ngày tải lên: 11/01/2022, 00:07
University-of-Oklahoma-Summary-Presentation-10-12-18
... Research and Development on Critical (Sonic) Flow of Multiphase Fluids through Wellbores in Support of Worst-Case-Discharge Analysis for Offshore Wells Project Overview and Deliverable Status ... pressure drop ‒ Lack of theoretical models and experimental data of two-phase flow at high Mach number (Ma > 0.3) ‒ Subsonic/supersonic conditions lead to the generation of shock waves in the ... calculation Distinct IPR curves and discharge points for each layers of reservoir Comparative study of the new tool with Prosper software shows good agreement Sensitivity analysis shows the expected
Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2022, 10:12
THE DO’S AND DON’TS OF WRITING AN ABSTRACT 10 ĐIỂM
... work It is a mini-version of your paper.Condensed version of a longer piece of writingHighlights the major points coveredConcisely describing the content and scope of the work General information:100-350 ... 3Purpose of an AbstractAllows a reader to quickly and accurately identify the basic content of your paper Readers should be able to read your abstract to see if the related research is of interest ... San Ysidro, California, and the 1997 death of Ezequiel Hernández in Redford, Texas These cases are indicative of the politically charged environment of a border region that in becoming an increasingly
Ngày tải lên: 17/05/2024, 14:07
Summary of unique ISO TS 16949 2009 requirements
... importance of their activities and how they contribute to the achievement of quality objectives (see 6.2.2.d) 6.3 Infrastructure © 2009 Whittington & Associates Page of 22 July 2009 Summary of Unique ... and references to its technical specifications must be included in the planning of product realization as a component of the quality plan © 2009 Whittington & Associates Page of 22 July 2009 Summary ... Page 11 of 22 July 2009 Summary of Unique ISO/TS 16949:2009 Requirements The use of customer-designated sources, including tool and gauge suppliers, does not relieve the organization of the responsibility
Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2017, 10:56
Summary of Arbitrage Pricing Theory
... (3.5) CHAPTER 22 Summary of Arbitrage Pricing Theory 231 Example 22.4 (Continuation of Example 22.3) Xt = exp , Z t ru; Y u du vt; St;... CHAPTER 22 Summary of Arbitrage ... IP . With this choice of , dS t=rS t dt + St dB t CHAPTER 22. Summary of Arbitrage Pricing Theory 227 and IP is the risk-neutral measure. If a different choice of is made, we have ... Chapter 22 Summary of Arbitrage Pricing Theory A simple European derivative security makes a random payment at a time fixed in advance. The value at time t of such a security is the amount of wealth
Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 02:20
Summary of accounting standards
... requirements of the Corporations Act 2001: • a public authority of a State or Territory or an instrumentality or agency of the Crown in right of a State or Territory; • a public authority of the Commonwealth ... statement of financial position and statement of financial performance, opening and closing retained profits, dividends provided for or paid, and transfers to and from reserves, of certain groups of ... special purpose needs of the users. Identification of reporting entities A “reporting entity” means an entity in respect of which it is reasonable to expect the existence of users dependent on
Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 11:36
Tài liệu Summary of Commentary on __ Current Economic Conditions doc
... Federal fiscal indecision also pushed sales of heavy trucks, construction equipment, and buses at the end of 2012, ahead of the possible expiration of bonus depreciation According... seasonal ... continued to lift tourism activity and advance reservations of international travel have exceeded expectations The outlook... little soft ahead of Christmas, while other retailers noted little change ... are getting a great deal of work from storm-related repairs and reconstruction during a typically slow season Office markets were relatively stable in the final months of 2012 A commercial real
Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20
Tài liệu SUMMARY OF RESPONSES GREEN PAPER AUDIT POLICY: LESSONS FROM THE CRISIS ppt
... of the Big 4" Academics Group auditors should have access to the reports and other documentation of all auditors of components of the group 22 4 SUPERVISION The Profession Professional ... and structure of audit firms (Q.21, 22, 23) Profession Professional bodies and associations linked to the profession... say, the last three years, the length of tenure of the audit ... reappointment of the auditor often hinges on the quality of their long-term... a full cessation of non -audit services, as the best guarantee for independence, or the prohibition of non
Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 05:20
Tài liệu ISS AN MSCI BRAND: 2012-2013 Policy Survey Summary of Results pptx
... of disclosure of the financial impact of the issuance Investors Very relevant Somewhat relevant Not very relevant Not applicable (my organization... purchase shares of new issuances of ... Survey Summary of Results - 18 - © 2012 Institutional Shareholder Services Inc As part of its pay-for-performance analysis, ISS measures CEO pay based on the proxy statement's Summary ... the class they own in an amount equal to the percentage of the class they already own 2012-2013 Policy Survey Summary of Results - 30 - © 2012 Institutional Shareholder Services
Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 21:20
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