the planter of malata summary

... and the Health of the Public: A Summary of the February 2009 Summit http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12668.html 20 INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE AND THE HEALTH OF THE PUBLIC In addressing the issue of involving ... publication, Integrative Medicine and the Health of the Public: A Summary of the 2009 Summit, provides an account of the discussion and presentations of the two-and-a-half day summit in Washington, ... NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of...

... togetherwithanexamination of keyuncertaintiesandlimitations;andaseries of conclusionsandinsightsgainedfrom the analysis.ItisimportanttorecallthatthisRIA restson the analysisdonein2008;nonewairqualitymodelingorotherassessments werecompletedexceptthoseoutlinedabove. The supplementincludesapresentation of the benefitsandcosts of attainingvarious alternativeozoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandardsin the year2020.Theseestimates onlyincludeareasassumedtomeet the currentstandardby2020.Theydonotinclude the costsorbenefits of attaining the alternatestandardsin the SanJoaquinValleyandSouthCoast airbasinsinCalifornia,becauseweexpectthatnonattainmentdesignationsunder the CleanAir Actfortheseareaswouldplacethemincategoriesaffordedextratimebeyond2020toattain the ozoneNAAQS. InTableS1.1below, the individualrowestimatesreflect the differentstudiesavailableto describe the relationship of ozoneexposuretoprematuremortality.Thesemonetizedbenefits includereducedhealtheffectsfromreducedexposuretoozone,reducedhealtheffectsfrom reducedexposuretoPM 2.5 ,andimprovementsinvisibility. The rangeswithineachrowreflect twoPMmortalitystudies(i.e.PopeandLaden). Rangesin the totalcostscolumnreflectdifferentassumptionsabout the extrapolation of costsasdiscussedinChapter5 of the 2008OzoneNAAQSRIA. The lowend of the range of netbenefitsisconstructedbysubtracting the highestcostfrom the lowestbenefit,while the highend of the rangeisconstructedbysubtracting the lowestcostfrom the highestbenefit. The presentation of the netbenefitestimatesrepresents the widestpossiblerangefromthis analysis. TableS1.2presents the estimate of totalozoneandPM 2.5 ‐relatedprematuremortalities andmorbiditiesavoidednationwidein2020asaresult of thisregulation.  S2‐2  rate of ozonereductionseeninpreviousairqualitymodelingexercisestoestimate the additionalemissionsreductionsneededtomeet the lowertargets. The details of the approachareexplainedbelow,butformostareas of the analysisweusedsimpleimpact ratiostoproject the ozoneimprovementsasarate of NOxemissionsreduced.Use of non‐site‐specific,linearimpactratiostodetermine the non‐linear,spatially‐varying, ozoneresponsewasanecessarylimitationwhichresultsinconsiderableuncertaintyin the extrapolatedairqualitytargets.   ... $47,000 a Estimatesareroundedtotwosignificantfigures.Assuch,totalswillnotsumdowncolumns.  S.2.4.4 Summary of TotalCosts   TableS2.9presentsa summary of the totalnationalcosts of attaining the 0.055ppm and the 0.060ppmalternativestandardsin2020.This summary includes the engineeringcosts of the modeledcontrolstrategy(presentedin the 2008OzoneNAAQSRIAChapter5 4 ), the additionalsupplementalcontrols,aswellas the extrapolatedcosts.ConsistentwithOMB CircularA‐4,costsarepresentedata7%discountrate.  7 The midrangeestimateconsists of usinganMvalue of 0.24for the estimation of the averagecostperton of controlbygeographicarea.Foracompletelisting of averagecostpertonbygeographicareaseeAppendixS2a. S2‐10  FigureS2.2:Map of ExtrapolatedCostCountiesfor the 0.060ppmAlternateStandardand EstimatedPercentageNOxControlsNeededtoMeetthatStandardin2020   S2.3 ... The costs of identifiedcontrolmeasuresaccountsforanincreasinglysmallerquantity of the totalcosts of attainment.Thisisamajorlimitation of the costanalysis.Weassume amajority of the costs of attaining the tighteralternativestandardswillbeincurred throughtechnologieswedonotyetknowabout.Thereforecostingfutureattainment baseduponunspecifiedemissionreductionsisinherentlydifficultandspeculative.  The uncertaintiesandlimitationssummarizedabovearegenerallymoreextensivethan thosefor the 0.075ppm,0.070ppm,and0.065ppmanalyses. The tablebelowcontrastsour level of confidenceineach of the keyresults.  TableS2.1:Keyuncertaintiesandlimitationsin the analysisfor 0.060ppmand0.055ppm Analyticalquestion...

... either the likelihood a loan is repaid (and thus, the cost of a loan) or the availability of credit. These results highlight the distinct tradeoff between 1) limiting the collection and use of ... models explain the evolution of credit bureaus and the lending markets they support? Japelli and Pagano (1999) provide one of the very few attempts to test the predictions of the theoretical models ... retail experience but not the experience of other financial institutions. Tables 5 and 6 display the results of the retail-only simulations. As in the previous discussion of the negative-only simulation,...

... who attended the session with you, with the caveat that the honesty of their opinions (and the useful- ness of those opinions) will depend on the relationship you have with them and the power differential ... involved in the speech — the members of your audience. Spread the Word Much of the mileage you’ll get from your speech is word -of- mouth — from your own mouth to the listeners in the room, and from their ... receiving the information. The common approach looks only at the first two elements, with a focus on the point of view of the sender (the person speaking) and the material being pitched. Whether anyone...

... form on the basis of elastic theory for the case of plane strain problem . In the case of reinforced embankment , to determine the state of stress - deformation of the embankment below the horizontal ... is also the slope of this curve. 3 – In the thesis, the author proposes the dangerous sliding surface of reinforced embankment slope which is in the shape of ellipse. The center of the ellipse ... In the first step to finding solutions is the initial displacement of the system , the stiffness of geotextile to build the stiffness matrix is the slope of the first straight line from the...