approach to automatic synonym identification

... similarity-based approach would be essential, as pattern-based approach is enhanced with the supervised machine learning. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automatic synonym identification ... step to truly practical lexical knowledge acquisition. Setting our future direction on the com- pletely automatic construction of reliable thesaurus or ontology, the approach proposed here is to ... paper, we proposed a novel approach to au- tomatic synonym identification based on supervised machine learning and distributional features. For this purpose, we re-formalized synonym acquisition as...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 23:20

... of Distributed Listening research is to take a unique approach in order to enhance the success of the traditional approaches to speech recognition. The approach of Distributed Listen- ing directly ... speech recognizers in an effort to improve speech recognition, as discussed next. 2.1 Enhanced Majority Rules Barry (et al., 1994) took three different Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) ... unigram grammar is stored in a phrase database. The grammar is organized according to individual words and phrases. Each phrase is placed in a table. The phrases are broken down into their individual...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... Computational Linguistics An HMM-Based Approach to Automatic Phrasing for Mandarin Text- to- Speech Synthesis Jing Zhu Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University zhujing@sjtu.edu.cn ... Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University lijh888@sjtu.edu.cn Abstract Automatic phrasing is essential to Mandarin text- to- speech synthesis. We select word format as ... high-level syntactic features due to two reasons. Firstly, it is very challenging to parse Chinese sentence because no grammar is formal enough to be applied to Chinese parsing. In addition,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... revised 17 October 2007, accepted 19 October 2007) doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06156.x Groups of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were exposed to 25 °C for 24 days (controls to 13 °C) to explore the ... used to formulate hypotheses as to how different tissues and whole organisms respond to particular biotic or abiotic stresses. Few studies have addressed changes in gene expression in response to ... proliferation, apoptosis Cellular communication, signal transduction Cellular stress, inflammation, immune function Cytoskeleton, structure, matrix and cellular trafficking Detoxification Energetic...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... in the cytosol. Collectively, we assume that cytosolic CgLeu2p has the ability to utilize NADP and that it supplies cytosolic NADPH, whereas cytosolic ScLeu2p cannot provide NADPH due to its specificity ... the mitochondrial matrix and to be important to several NADPH-requisite mitochondrial processes, e.g. resistance to a broad range of oxida- tive stress, respiration, arginine biosynthesis, mito- chondrial ... unexpectedly found to be viable, for UTR1, YEF1 and POS5 demonstrated the critical contribution of Pos5p to mitochondrial function and survival at 37 °C and the critical contribution of Utr1p to growth...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... for using to elucidate new potential molecular targets in tumour biology or to highlight the mechanism of action of our cytotoxic GT oligonucleotides. In this article, we report the identification ... 10 min to a 302 nm UV light, added to SDS/PAGE loading buffer and separated by SDS/PAGE (12% gel). The arrows indicated the specific cytotoxicity-related complex. Ó FEBS 2003 eEF1A binding to aptameric ... corresponding to the N-terminal region of eEF1A, were present; this region is totally deleted in PTI-1. Similar considerations were taken into account to exclude the possibility that P1 corresponded to...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... induced by PYM, expecting to reveal new molecules related to PYM resistance, and to provide candidate biomarkers to predict the clinical response to PYM-based chemo- therapy in tongue cancers. Results Biological ... agent for 48 h. Then, Hoechst33258 was used to detect apoptosis according to a standard procedure, a fluo- rescence microscope was used to observe apoptotic cells, which were typically identified ... microarray screening to correlate gene expres- sion profiles with sensitivity of human cancer xenografts to anticancer drugs. Cancer Res 62, 518–527. 13 Pastorekova S, Zatovicova M & Pastorek J (2008) Cancer...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 22:21

... (2007) Hepatic IGFBP1 is a prosurvival factor that binds to BAK, protects the liver from apoptosis, and antagonizes the proapoptotic actions of p53 at mitochondria. Genes Dev 21, 3095–3109. 6 Lang ... influences the propensity of IGFBP-1 to proteolysis. Abbreviations IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, insulin-like growth factor binding protein; LC-ESI-MS, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization- mass ... shown that a portion of intracellular IGFBP-1 localizes to mitochondria, where it acts as a prosurvival factor and protects the liver from apoptosis [5]. IGFBP-1 repre- sents a minor IGF binding...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... such as dithiothreitol (DTT), Fe 3+ catalyses the reduction of O 2 to H 2 O 2 , which is further converted to OH • by the Fenton reaction [18]. The MCO system causes damage to DNA by producing OH • , ... cause damage to all major classes of biological macromole- cules, leading to protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, DNA base modifications and strand breaks [1]. In order to protect against toxic ROS, ... 2006 FEBS 721 2 Storz G & Zheng M (2000) Oxidative stress. In Bacter- ial Stress Responses (Storz, G & Hengge-Aronis, R, eds), pp. 47–59. ASM Press, Washington, DC. 3 Touati D (2000) Iron...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, GalNAc-T8, and analysis as a candidate autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) gene. Gene 246, 347–356. 13.Toba,S.,Tenno,M.,Konishi,M.,Mikami,T.,Itoh,N.& Kurosaka, ... is totally insen- sitive to DFP treatment, and thus appears not to contain any serine residues important for enzyme function. By contrast, all three serine mutants were inactivated by DFP to ... analysis of the UDP-N-acetyl- D -galactosa- mine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. Essential residues lie in a predicted active site cleft resembling a lactose repressor fold. J. Biol....

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... intends not only to per- form a certain communicative act that contributes to a coherent dialogue (in the literature referred to as dialogue act), but also to perform that act to- ward the particular ... purposes: to control communication, to provide a visual feedback, to communicate emotions and to communicate the nature of relationships (Kendon, 1967; Argyle, 1969). Recent studies into multi-party ... interaction (Traum, 2004). In the context of automatic anal- ysis of multi-party face -to- face conversation, Ot- suka et al. (2005) proposed a framework for automating inference of conversational structure that...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... with the numbers attributed to them above. 5 Experimental Work To integrate AR in the OM algorithm, we add the antecedents of the pronouns annotated as opinion targets to the target candidate list. ... de- pendency paths. In our experiments, we require a dependency path to be found to each word of a multiword target candidate for it to be extracted. Furthermore, Zhuang et al. (2006) do not state whether ... for opinion target identification summed up over all folds. In Table 4, a true positive refers to an extracted pronoun which was annotated as an opinion target and is resolved to the correct antecedent....

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... was transferred into a binary vector pGWB2 downstream of the CaMV35S promoter to give pGWB2–PfGST1 for plant transformation. The resulting binary vector pGWB2– PfGST1 was introduced into A. tumefaciens ... two genes, PfGST1, was subjected to further analysis as described below. With respect to the regulatory genes, in addition to the previously isolated two regulatory genes, bHLH-F3G1 [18] and Myb-P1 ... dA residues were attached to the amplified fragment by Ex Taq polymerase (Takara, Japan), and then the resulting frag- ment was cloned into pGEM-T Easy (Promega, KK, Tokyo, Japan) to give pGTE-PfGST1. Construction...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... would want to apply it to a sentence such as “In 1368 Han rebels drove out the Mongols”, but to avoid applying it to a sentence like “The history of the Han ethnic group is closely tied to that ... infor- mation within a 10-token window. Each dimension i in the vector corresponds to a single word w i in the vocabulary, and a single dimension was added to represent any number token. The value in ... similarity is too high, it might be better not to simplify the original word. Context Similarity The second factor has to do with ambiguity. We wish to detect and avoid cases where a word appears...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... classified into 19 semantic categories and on a good-bad rating scale to evaluate how the markets reacted to good and bed news: he found that mar- kets do react to news with a tendency to overreact to ... computer-aided objectivity which en- tails determining linguistic features to be used to automatically categorise text into positive or nega- tive news. Davis et al (2006) investigate the effects of ... returns up to 4 weeks around story re- lease. The studies establish a relationship between affective bias in text and market activity that market players and regulators may have to address. 3 Approach 3.1...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20