... in the connections It isn’t the letters, it’s the way they’re strung together into words It isn’t the words, it’s the way they’re strung together into phrases It isn’t the phrases, it is the ... beneath the covers of our traditional Web In the previous chapter, we discussed the “what” ofthe Semantic Web This chapter examines the “why,” to allow you to understand the promise andthe need to ... been rewarding because ofthe importance ofthe topic, the quality of my coauthors, andthe utility of our approach to provide critical, strategic guidance At the same time, there were difficulties...
... the countries that had the largest contributions tothe total of sexual and reproductive health and rights including AIDS were the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Norway, Denmark, Finland, and ... a further interpretation ofthe quantity of public donor expenditures by Europe andthe USA, it is important to consider the size ofthe respective populations and economies Between 2000 and 2008, ... participated in the design ofthe study FTMVD and WHMJ participated in the design ofthe study and commented on the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors...
... group I, was lost in parallel with the loss of photosynthetic activity in the ancestor of apicomplexans Given this scenario andthe existence of ylmG in non-photosynthetic bacteria, it is suggested ... leaf cells andthe basal part of expanding leaf cells ofthe wild type (WT) andthe AtYLMG1-1 knockdown line (AS#1) are shown Bars = 10 μm (E) Localization of FtsZ in the wild type andthe AtYLMG1-1 ... similar to those in the wild type In the basal part of expanding leaf ofthe antisense line, chloroplasts were pale and smaller than those ofthe wild type (Figure 3D) We compared the localization of...
... dislocations ofthe face, head, neck, complex fractures ofthe hand and some ofthe fractures ofthe thoracic and lumbar spine) The primary catchment area has an urban: rural ratio of about 5:1 ... protocol, which includes the history, the aim, the definitions, andthe variables ofthe FDR Any given change will be listed in the protocol Ahead ofthe digital introduction the surgeons went through ... fissures tothe nose, ribs, fingers and toes are not considered in the current study Rather, the indication for surgery is a crucial criterion for the recording rate tothe FDR Ofthe inpatient and...
... beneath the covers of our traditional Web In the previous chapter, we discussed the “what” ofthe Semantic Web This chapter examines the “why,” to allow you to understand the promise andthe need to ... need to have proof that we can indeed trust the information, and then we need to be able to correlate it with the other information that we have Finally, we need the tools to take advantage of ... source UML tools in addition tothe familiarity of most programmers with UML will simplify the creation of ontologies Therefore, a UML profile for OWL will significantly expand the number of potential...
... of your operations in fulfilling the sale andthe ability to anticipate the needs of your customers by understanding their life and needs The general rule is this: The more computers understand, ... validation tools knows that developers are at the mercy ofthe maturity ofthe tools and specifications they implement Validation, andthe tool support for it, is still evolving Until the schema ... for the technologies of Web services, and using HTTP as the underlying protocol, the world of Web services involves standard protocols to achieve the capabilities of access, description, and...
... another message tothe hotel finder Web service Based on the user’s frequent flyer information on Party Airlines andthe date ofthe trip to Maui, the client application sent a message tothe ... wouldn’t want the user to authenticate four times Also, between the points in the figure, the back-end applications have to authenticate, validate integrity, or encrypt data to each other to maintain ... framework, andto provide scalable Web service mediation Together, both of these technologies have the potential to increase automated usability of Web services As we build ontologies (models of how...
... two types of employees and their associations tothe artifacts they write andthe topics they know Understanding the Resource Description Framework Trust Proof Rules Ontology Encryption Signature ... isolates the awkward parts ofthe syntax but also future-proofs your applications via a tool to mediate the changes TIP Most RDF authors write their RDF assertions in N3 format and then convert the ... success of what is called the Model-View-Controller (MVC) paradigm The act of separating the data (the model), how the data is displayed (the view), andthe framework used between them (the controller)...
... institution, and so on Another way to look at this taxonomic structure is with the “root” ofthe taxonomic tree at the top, and note that we have reversed the arrow to
... which together are used to prove theorems about the domain represented by the ontology-as-logical-theory The whole set of axioms, inference rules, and theorems together constitute the logical theory ... Listing 7.1, the topic map is enclosed by theand delimiters The topic is identified by the id=”Front Royal” The topic is an instance of another topic, identified by the ... Royal (indicated by the URI that is the value of one topicRef ) and Virginia (indicated by the URI that is the value ofthe other topicRef) The specification ofthe semantics of located-in is not...
... shown to follow by applying the inference rules tothe assertions, then the theorem is derived (validated or shown to be true) Understanding Ontologies 207 Theory Theorems Axioms Possible other theorems ... component, at the lower left, is the terms, that is, the symbols (the labels for the concepts) or the words of English andthe rules for combining these into phrases and sentences (the syntax of English) ... Father (nonreflexive) If X is the Father _of Y, Y is not the Father _of X (antisymmetric), though of course if X is a Father andthe Father _of Y, Y can be a Father There will probably be additional...
... argument ofthe property is specified Think ofthe relation/property hasFather(Child, Father): Child is the domain ofthe property hasFather, Father is the range ofthe property hasFather This ... instance/individual in the domain must be a member ofthe Child class; any instance in the range must be a member ofthe Father class If there were a defined inverse property fatherOf(Father, Child), then the domain ... is important that they understand the “whats” andthe “whys”—not necessarily the “hows” —so they may want to understand the Semantic Web vision and application (Chapters andof this book) Your...
... 2003 “Topic Maps and RDF.” Chapter 12 in XML Topic Maps: Creating and Using Topic Maps for the Web, edited by Jack Park and Sam Hunting Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 283–325 Guha, R V., and R ... “Integrating Applications on the Semantic Web.” Journal ofthe Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 122, no 10 (October): 676–680 Horrocks, I 2002 “DAML+OIL: A Description Logic for the Semantic ... http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/geolang/ Obrst, L., and H Liu 2003 “Knowledge Representation, Ontological Engineering, and Topic Maps.” In XML Topic Maps: Creating and Using Topic Maps for the Web, edited by Jack Park...
... understood that the British is the strong, the winner (top dog) andthe Indian is the weaker, the loser (underdog) Instead of using “winner” and “loser”, he used “top dog” and “underdog” to make ... peacefully people ofthe same sort are found together together The bird has flown The birds andthe bees the wanted person has escaped the basic facts about sex, especially as told to children You ... not to fight with each other It comes from a divine song for children by Isaac Watts and advises people need to live together in harmony “Birds of a feather flock together”, on the other hand,...
... improvements in the performance of obstetric andneonatal incidents The strategy The process adopted in the introduction ofthe Flying Squad model is significant for understanding its success The engagement ... from the initial discussion with the receiving facility to what they referred to as the ‘first look’ They however provide an indication ofthe time frames involved in executing these transfers Neonatal ... high demand, further hampering a speedy execution ofthe transfer request This aspect, together with the high incidence of adverse events, has meant that services need to adopt a ‘stay and play’...
... cells were released from their “chambers” in the ovarian surface epithelium and started to change into hypertrophic/necrotic cells (Figures and 6) and further into autofluorescent necrotic malignant ... antibodies), the markers of pluripotency, to search for the presence of putative stem cells The analysis confirmed the presence of round, SSEA-4 and SOX-2-positive primitive oocyte-like cells in the ovarian ... cells (arrows) in the ovarian surface epithelium and cortex (A, B) Smaller cells with diameters ofto μm in the epithelium (C-F) Bigger cells with diameters of 10 μm in the epithelium (G, H) Rare...
... criteria to find entities and relations put into the metamodel pass through the analysis ofthe level of configurability and reconfigurability ofthe set ofthe addressed manufacturing applications ... providing services and products—requiring services—, and a generic unique executor able to read these data, to find the match between supply and demand, and then to control the production The proposed ... to define the second layer In this way, it can be decomposed into metamodel and model ofthe roles and metamodel and model of agents The role metamodel defines the types of roles, activities, and...