adaptive transform acoustic coding andchaptocbreak atrac 2
Báo cáo sinh học: " Research Article Adaptive Long-Term Coding of LSF Parameters Trajectories for Large-Delay/Very- to Ultra-Low Bit-Rate Speech Coding" pdf
... bottom, K = 2, 5, 10, and 20 ; adaptive 2DDCT transform coding (continuous line, grey circles); and adaptive 2D-KLT transform coding (continuous line, grey diamonds) 20 12 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 ... Music Processing 2. 4 20 22 2. 2 14 ASD (dB) 16 1.8 Frame-by-frame quantization 24 18 1.6 1.4 Long-term coding 20 26 28 1 .2 30 32 34 28 36 30 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 120 01300 1400 Average ... LT coding method over the frame-by-frame 10 EURASIP Journal on Audio, Speech, and Music Processing 2D-DCT transform coding 2. 2 Adaptive 2D-DCT transform coding ASD (dB) Adaptive KLT transform coding...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Experimental Evaluation of Adaptive Modulation and Coding in MIMO WiMAX with Limited " docx
... network; physical layer—general description,” Tech Rep 25 .20 1 V7 .2. 0, 3GPP, 20 07, http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive /25 series/ 25 .20 1 /25 201- 720 .zip [5] IEEE, “IEEE standard for local and metropolitan ... components, K = s2 /2 , given pdf(x) = (x/σ ) exp −((x2 + s2 ) /2 )Io (xs /2 ).) Christian Mehlf¨ hrer et al u 30 Achievable throughput 25 Throughput (Mbit/s) Dual TX 20 Single TX (2) 15 Single ... transmitted in a frame duration of 2. 5 milliseconds AMC scheme (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Data bits per frame 422 4 8448 126 72 16896 25 344 337 92 38016 Modulation 2- PAM 4-QAM 4-QAM 16-QAM 16-QAM...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " A Framework for Adaptive Scalable Video Coding Using Wyner-Ziv Techniques" potx
... Processing V × 2l A3 × 2l A2 × 2l A1 10 15 20 25 30 A0 20 25 30 (a) Mixing probability 16.5 2l × 2l × 2l × 2l · · · U 16 −2l A−1 Frame number 2l 2 × 2l −2l 0.6 0.59 0.58 0.57 15.5 10 2 × 2l 15 Frame ... for coding X with SI Y A source X is successively refinable if [ 12] R1 = R∗|Y1 D1 , X R1 + ΔR = R∗|Y2 D2 X (1) Huisheng Wang et al X R1 Enc1 Enc2 ΔR = R2 − R1 Dec1 Dec2 Frame EL1L EL2L ... sequences (BL quantization parameter = 20 , frame rate = 30 Hz) 48 48 46 46 44 PSNR-Y (dB) PSNR-Y (dB) 44 42 40 38 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 36 34 32 28 500 1000 1500 20 00 25 00 3000 3500 300 600 Bitrate (kbps)...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Fine-Granularity Loading Schemes Using Adaptive Reed-Solomon Coding for xDSL-DMT Systems" pptx
... Processing 30 RSNR (dB) 25 20 15 10 800 1000 120 0 1400 1600 1800 20 00 22 00 24 00 26 00 28 00 Subcarrier number (a) Rate (bits) 800 1000 120 0 1400 1600 1800 20 00 22 00 24 00 26 00 28 00 Subcarrier number ... RS (25 5, k j ) on each subcarrier, the input BER Pe,ch (M j , σ j ) is a more meaningful quantity than the M j -ary SER(see (13)) 4 .2 (1 2 s ) M −1 Optimum k j (1 25 5) 24 5 24 7 24 9 25 1 22 9 23 5 23 9 ... carriers: Loop and basic noise: 4096 640 samples U1: 870– 120 5, U2: 19 72 27 82 D1: 33–869, D2: 120 6–19 72 Loop with AWGN(−140 dBm/Hz) + 20 VDSL xTalkers Direction: Total-power constraint: Tx PSD...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Perceptual Coding of Audio Signals Using Adaptive Time-Frequency Transform" pot
... 0.1 −0.1 −0 .2 Energy curve 0 .2 Energy (a.u.) Amplitude (a.u.) Sample signal 0 .2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 .2 1.4 Time samples 1.6 1.8 0.8 0.6 0.4 2. 2 ×105 99.5% of the signal energy 0 .2 1000 20 00 3000 4000 ... Greece, July 20 01 [5] R Heusdens, R Vafin, and W B Kleijn, “Sinusoidal modeling using psychoacoustic -adaptive matching pursuits,” IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol 9, no 8, pp 26 2 26 5, 20 02 [6] T ... HEv2-high efficiency AAC v2 (AAC, SBR and parametric stereo (PS) coding) Samples — ACDC DEFLE ENYA HARP HARPSICHORD PIANO TUBULARBELL VISIT Average MODE HE HE HEv2 HEv2 HE HEv2 HE HE — HE-AAC v1/2...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Costs and Advantages of Object-Based Image Coding with Shape-Adaptive Wavelet Transform" ppt
... 0.0 32 0 .21 1 0.563 19.3 15 .2 0.95 0.044 0 .22 1 0.589 25 .2 20.6 1.35 0.060 0 .23 4 0. 622 32. 6 27 .3 1. 82 0.083 0 .20 9 0.591 18.5 21 .1 1.33 0.105 0 .22 5 0.611 27 .5 25 .2 1.89 0.0 42 0.197 0.544 11.7 11.3 ... 0.498 4 .2 2.0 0.15 0.005 0.195 0.5 12 10.6 4.9 0.31 0.013 0 .20 4 0.534 15.5 9.4 0. 62 0.005 0.194 0.519 10 .2 6.3 0.37 0.005 0 .20 9 0.5 42 18 .2 11.0 0.60 0.005 0 .24 1 0.590 36.4 20 .9 1.14 0.0 32 0 .21 1 0.563 ... (bit/pixel) 64 × 64 32 × 32 Flat 128 × 128 0.4 30 25 20 30 25 0 .2 0.4 0.6 0.8 20 0 .2 Rate (bit/pixel) Flat 64 × 64 128 × 32 0.4 0.6 0.8 Rate (bit/pixel) 25 6 × 16 5 12 × Flat Map Map Map Figure 6:...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Opportunistic Adaptive Transmission for Network Coding Using Nonbinary LDPC Codes" pptx
... p1 + p2 p2 p2 p1 + p2 p2 p2 p1 + p2 Node (D2) p2 Node p1 p2 Node p1 + p2 p2 Node p1 p1 + p2 Node (G1) p1 p1 Node 10 p1 + p2 p1 + p2 Node Node 14 Node 13 Node 12 Node 11 1st time slot 2nd time slot ... 15.9 480 27 ¯ ¯ Block fading, users, 2 = 0.1γ1 Block fading, users 25 20 R1 , R2 30 Sum rate 400 5/6 17.5 15 10 0 10 15 20 25 30 ¯ Average SNR γ (dB) 35 40 Benchmark Rate -adaptive 10 15 20 25 30 ... = Uncoded 10 2 10−3 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 SNR (dB) Then the LLR-vector of user i for code symbol n is L(i) k ui AWGN channel, N = 480 code symbols 100 WER 6.3 Network Decoding for LLR-Vectors...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " Research Article Adaptive Wavelet Transform Method to Identify Cracks in Gears" pot
... (m/s2 ) 40 30 25 20 0.015 0. 025 0.035 0.045 0.055 40 20 20 −40 Figure 7: Measured signal of vibrations of a faultless gear unit 40 20 20 −40 Time (s) Acceleration (m/s2 ) 30 25 20 0.015 0. 025 ... 1: Test plant Figure 2: Pinion with a fatigue crack in the tooth root [21 ] 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 40 30 25 20 Acceleration (m/s2 ) Frequency (Hz) ×1 02 0.015 0. 025 0.035 0.045 0.055 ... 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 0.005 0.01 0.015 0. 02 0. 025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.05 Time (s) Acceleration (m/s2 ) 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 Acceleration (m/s2 ) Frequency (Hz) ×1 02 30 10 −10...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Adaptive lifting scheme with sparse criteria for image coding" doc
... 0.6 25 24 PSNR (dB) 23 22 NSLS (2, 2) NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−L2 NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−GM NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−L1 NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−WL1 21 20 (o) NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−WL1 (κj+1=1) 19 0.1 Figure 0 .2 0.3 0.4 Bitrate (bpp) 0.5 0.6 25 24 ... (κj+1=1) 28 0.1 Figure 11 0.15 0 .2 0 .25 0.3 Bitrate (bpp) 0.35 0.4 0.45 29 28 .5 PSNR (dB) 28 27 .5 27 NSLS (2, 2) NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−L2 NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−GM NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−L1 NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−WL1 26 .5 26 25 .5 NSLS (2, 2)−OPT−WL1 ... 0.7 12 0.790 0.780 0. 825 0. 821 0.855 17.54 17 .22 21 .55 21 .10 23 .74 23 .40 25 .80 27 .51 27 .58 29 . 12 29 .24 29 . 92 30. 12 30.50 einst 0.603 0.601 0.654 0.655 0.687 0.689 0.710 15.33 15 .25 18. 62 18.71 20 .37...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Research Article An Optimal Adaptive Network Coding Scheme for Minimizing Decoding Delay in Broadcast " doc
... COMmunications NEWCOM++ (Contract no 21 6715) References [1] A Shokrollahi, “Raptor codes,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol 52, no 6, pp 25 51 25 67, 20 06 [2] T Ho, M Medard, R Koetter, et ... Magazine, vol 25 , no 5, pp 57–80, 20 08 [ 12] M Mushkin and I Bar-David, “Capacity and coding for the Gilbert-Elliot channels,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol 35, no 6, pp 127 7– 129 0, 1989 ... network coding, ” in Proceedings of the ACM Computer Communication Review (SIGCOMM ’06), vol 36, pp 24 3 25 4, ACM Press, October 20 06 [14] P Sadeghi, D Traskov, and R Koetter, Adaptive network coding...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Dynamic Quality Control for Transform Domain Wyner-Ziv Video Coding" ppt
... sequence 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 50 100 150 QP(QM6 ) 32 31 31 QP(QM7 ) 29 29 30 QP(QM8 ) 25 24 26 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 50 100 150 20 0 25 0 Frame 300 350 400 450 QM1 QM4 PSNR = 27 .11 dB PSNR = ... 29 .25 dB Without quality control: QM4 , predefined With quality control: fixed PSNR = 32. 28 dB 50 100 150 20 0 25 0 Frame 300 350 400 450 PSNR = 26 .22 dB PSNR = 29 .25 dB PSNR = 32. 28 dB Figure 12: ... [dB] — 26 .28 29 .25 29 .21 32. 28 32. 2 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 PSNR (dB) PSNR (dB) Without quality control: QM not available With quality control: fixed PSNR = 26 .22 dB Without quality control:...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Adaptive Transmission of Medical Image and Video Using Scalable Coding and Context-Aware Wireless Medical Networks" potx
... (ms) I P B 3 02. 85 339.87 973.86 323 .45 322 .89 9 62. 32 I P B 3 02. 85 340.81 9 42. 43 323 . 32 323 .59 969.36 Packet jitter (ms) Video sequence A 6 .23 7.14 9.31 Video sequence B 6.71 7 .29 7. 62 (a) the network ... Skin lesion ( 520 Kb) 8.6 | 35 .2 8.1 | 27 8.3 | 28 MRI ( 525 Kb) 8.8 | 41.3 Image type (file size) Video snapshot (1 Mb) 14 .2 | 54 8.4 | 29 .3 Wavelet (lossless) 3.6 | 20 4.3 | 21 .3 5.1 | 22 Wavelet ... Statistical decoding Figure 1: The structure of the DLWIC compression algorithm S S A2 A1 B2 C2 B1 A2 B2 C2 A0 B1 C1 20 A1 C1 A0 RMS error versus compression factor for different image sets 18 16 14 12 10...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Cross-Layer Design for Video Transmission over Wireless Rician Slow-Fading Channels Using an Adaptive Multiresolution Modulation and Coding Scheme" pptx
... transmission over wireless fading channels with adaptive FEC,” in Proceedigns of the 22 nd Picture Coding Symposium (PCS ’01), pp 21 9 22 2, Seoul, South Korea, April 20 01 M J Ruf and J W Modestino, “Operational ... curves shown in Figure 35 12 14 16 18 20 ES /NI (dB) 22 24 Figure 8: PSNR as a function of ES /NI in dB for 2- layer system with adaptive modulation scheme without channel coding for AWGN channel ... 14.09 dB, PSNR = 19 .21 dB, PSNR = 36 .26 dB, PSNR = 36 .26 dB, SIR = 20 dB SIR = 30 dB SIR = 60 dB SIR = 70 dB Uncoded scheme with fixed QPSK Original sequence (frame 12) PSN = 29 . 82 dB, PSNR = 34.05...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Link-Adaptive Distributed Coding for Multisource Cooperation" potx
... side of (21 ) can be bounded as E Q αn γ(N+1) n κ3 ≤ k2 γ for some constant k2 Combining (22 ), (20 ), and (19), we could deduce that Pr {x → x} := E[Pr {x → x | H (s) , H (d) }] ≤ (k1 k2 γ)−|C ... ⎢ ⎣ − p(1) k ⎥ ⎥ ∗⎦ (2) pk 1 ∗ (1) pk (33) ∗ , p (2) k ∗ 4.1 .2 Repetition coding and distributed complex-field coding Figure shows the BER when employing DCFC, repetition coding, and the PL detector ... blocks of size K = 52 bits encoded through a rate 1 /2 convolutional code (K = L) with Alfonso Cano et al 100 10 2 10−1 10−3 10 2 BER BER 10−1 10−3 10−4 10−4 10−5 10−6 10 10−5 15 20 25 10 SNR Figure...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Block-Based Adaptive Vector Lifting Schemes for Multichannel Image Coding" doc
... Tunis4-166 4. 520 3 3.6833 4 .27 13 3.5784 5 .23 12 4.4807 4.1879 3.6788 4.7143 3.9075 4.1944 3. 620 5 4. 120 8 3.8544 3. 621 1 3 .21 98 3 .29 88 3. 022 1 Average 4.1708 4.0138 4.8680 4.0699 4.3469 3.8651 3.8596 3. 526 9 ... 3.7991 3 .29 88 3. 724 3 3.5543 3.5 322 3. 321 9 3.4 822 3.0554 Tunis3 Kair4 5.0404 4.0581 4.6586 3.9104 5.7741 4.6879 4.7718 3.85 72 5 .25 13 4.1966 4.4771 3.8005 4 .20 38 3.6999 3.9 425 3. 524 0 3.0998 3.1755 ... β( j+1) /2 ) This leads to the maximization of ( j+1) /2 ( j+1) /2 (b,c) (b,c) L p(b,c) ; α( j+1) /2 , β( j+1) /2 j /2 (b,c) ( 12) K j /2 = k=1 log f x(b,c) (k) − x(b,c) (k) p(b,c) j /2 j /2 j /2 Thus,...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Joint Source-Channel Coding for Wavelet-Based Scalable Video Transmission Using an Adaptive Turbo Code" doc
... different packet sizes 100 S 10−1 (0, 2, 1) 60 (0, 2, 0) (1, 2, 1) (1, 2, 0) (0, 1, 1) (1, 2, 2) (2, 2, 2) (2, 2, 1) (2, 1, 2) (2, 2, 0) (1, 1, 1) Pe / P p (0, 2, 2) (2, 1, 1) (0, 1, 0) (1, 1, 0) (0, ... impulse method dmin by proposed method 1/3 1 /2 2/3 3/4 1 /2 1 /2 1 /2 188 188 188 188 53 110 21 2 31 19 13 18 16 19 33 19 12 17 16 20 33 19 12 18 16 20 Table 2: Minimum distance of different interleavers ... Processing 38 43 AWGN channel Eb /No = dB 42. 5 34 PSNR (dB) PSNR (dB) 36 43.5 AWGN channel Rs+c = 720 kbps 32 30 42 41.5 41 28 26 0.8 40.5 1 .2 1.4 1.6 1.8 40 20 0 25 0 Eb /No (dB) ODBTC SCTC RS + TC 300...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Warped Discrete Cosine Transform-Based Low Bit-Rate Block Coding Using Image Downsampling" pdf
... channel 11 12 13 17 22 35 64 92 10 14 16 22 37 55 78 95 16 19 24 29 56 64 87 98 24 26 40 51 68 81 103 1 12 40 59 57 87 109 104 121 100 51 60 69 80 103 113 120 103 61 55 56 62 77 92 101 99 26 .5 PSNR ... proposed EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 24 .5 PSNR (dB) 25 .5 26 PSNR (dB) 27 25 24 23 .5 22 .5 21 .5 23 0.05 0.1 0.15 0 .2 0 .25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.05 0.1 Bit-rate (bpp) DS-WDCT-Qu ... 5 12 × 5 12 33 PSNR (dB) 32 31 30 29 28 0.05 0.1 0.15 0 .2 0 .25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 Bit-rate (bpp) JPEG DS-DCT DS-WDCT-Qu DS-WDCT-Qp Figure 4: PSNR versus bit-rate for the Lena image of size 5 12 ×...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Video Coding Using 3D Dual-Tree Wavelet Transform" potx
... 0.14 5 10 10 15 15 20 20 25 25 0. 12 10 15 20 25 10 15 20 25 Relative energy 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 (a) Foreman (QCIF) 0. 02 5 10 10 15 15 20 20 25 25 0 10 15 20 Subband index 25 30 25 30 (a) Foreman ... 38 40 36 38 34 PSNR (dB) PSNR (dB) 36 32 30 34 32 28 30 26 24 2. 5 3.5 4.5 5.5 Number of nonzero coefficients 6.5 28 0.5 ×104 DDWT NS DDWT MP DDWT w/o NS 1.5 2. 5 Number of nonzero coefficients ×105 ... significant descendants for “Forman.” PSNR (dB) 29 28 27 26 25 800 1000 120 0 Bit rate (kbps) 1400 1600 DWT-SPIHT DDWT-SPIHT DDWTVC (b) Stefan (CIF) 29 28 PSNR (dB) video sequence which has many edges...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Temporal Scalability through Adaptive M-Band Filter Banks for Robust H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Video Coding" pptx
... 40.19 40.41 40.33 40. 32 40. 32 32. 19 32. 54 32. 36 32. 48 32. 28 27 .94 28 . 32 28 .26 28 .30 28 .27 43.09 43.36 43.15 43.34 43 .25 33.35 33.71 33.38 33.58 33 .28 29 .66 30.30 29 .96 30. 12 30.03 It can be observed ... Processing 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 PSNR (dB) PSNR (dB) 15 30 45 Frame number (in the display order) 60 Normal Normal with 6th frame lost PSNR (dB) 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 15 30 ... z 1 /2 ¯ ht M-BAND HIERARCHICAL FILTER BANKS ¯ x2t Q xt Figure 1: Open-loop prediction scheme: one level of decomposition x2t x2t z Q z 1 /2 x4t +2 Q − ¯ x4t ¯t h2 + x4t+1 z 1 /2 Q − ¯ h1 t,1 x2t+1...
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