3 evaluation of the drug distribution
báo cáo hóa học:" Substitutions in the Reverse Transcriptase and Protease Genes of HIV-1 Subtype B in Untreated Individuals and Patients Treated With Antiretroviral Drugs" potx
... uracil The activity of APOBEC3G is inhibited by the Vif protein.[5,7,8] In the absence of Vif, the synthesis of the negative strand of DNA can result in the insertion of a uracil as a result of the ... (Figure 2); the distribution of treatments in these individuals is described in the Table The mean of GA transitions was 8.1 (95% CI, 7.39), which was similar to the incidence of the AG transition ... Ontario, Canada) The sequencing of RT was limited to positions 38249 due to the type of assay performed Sequencing of both the RT and PR genes was also employed to determine the subtypes of these viral...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Trends in the clinical characteristics of HIVinfected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania between 2002 and 2009" pdf
... in the pharmaco-epidemiology of the roll out over time with reductions in more toxic regimens: the use of D4T in the first regimen fell from a peak of 88% to 58% in 2008-09, and the fraction of ... design of the study, acquisition of data, data analysis, interpretation of data, drafting the manuscript, and critical revisions of the manuscript PWH contributed to conception and design of the ... critical revisions of the manuscript GRS contributed to conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, interpretation of data, drafting the manuscript, and critical revisions of the manuscript...
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Báo cáo y học: "Infliximab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis-induced specific antinuclear and antiphospholipid autoantibodies without autoimmune clinical manifestations: a two-year prospective study" potx
... nonstandard tests; furthermore, the titers of most of the positive sera were very low The difference in sensitivity might also be due to the choice of a different cut-off of positivity for the aPL autoantibody ... Most of the anti-dsDNA autoantibodies detected during infliximab treatment of RA patients, of AS patients and in the control RA population were of IgM isotype (11 of 13 [85%], of [100%] and of ... patients, all the induced ANA were still positive at the end of the study, including in eight of nine patients who discontinued the treatment One RA became negative months after the end of the treatment...
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Báo cáo y học: "Is there an association between anti-TNF monoclonal antibody therapy in rheumatoid arthritis and risk of malignancy and serious infection" ppt
... incidence of around 8/1000 per year, which is at least eight times that seen in the comparison arm patients and is of the same order of magnitude as that seen in the anti-TNF arms of the trials Does the ... captured by the US Food and Drug Administration beyond the end of the trial, it is less likely that the placebo arm patients will have their malignancies spontaneously reported once they enter the unblinded ... coworkers [1], has the ability to overcome some of these issues and has raised the concern of a potentially serious increased risk for malignancy However, the interpretation of the results needs...
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Báo cáo y học: "HIV-1 subtype distribution in the Gambia and the significant presence of CRF49_cpx, a novel circulating recombinant form" pdf
... consensus of breakpoints across the three full genomes Results and Discussion Description of the Cohort The majority of the subjects was female (n = 28, 74%); a higher percentage of women attending the ... of 800 bp of sequence whereas many of the LAHDB subtype designations are provided for sequences of less than 300 bp) Furthermore, of subtype designations, there can be multiple listings for the ... for ease of presentation one reported a blood transfusion and there were no reports of travel to the DRC or Botswana for any of the patients HIV-1 subtype distribution relative to Senegal The most...
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Báo cáo y học: " Distinct expression profiles of TGF-β1 signaling mediators in pathogenic SIVmac and non-pathogenic SIVagm infections" pot
... regulation of inflammation We raise the hypothesis that the early burst of TGF-β1 down-modulates inflammation in AGMs, whereas the long lasting plasma TGF-β1 levels reflect the inability of MACs ... indicates the baseline before infection (n = 42 corresponding to time points for each of the animals) and the following boxes present the gene expression after infection (n = per box) The top and the ... SIVagm infections (p ≤ 0.027) The difference between these both infections consisted in the lack of induction of Th1-associated transcription factor in AGMs The expression of T-bet is known to be suppressed...
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Báo cáo y học: "Bench-to-bedside review: Appropriate antibiotic therapy in severe sepsis and septic shock - does the dose matter" pps
... administration of the right dose at the right schedule, according to the pathophysiological and immunological status of the patient Otherwise stated, the benefit of administering the correct antibiotic ... exceeds the MIC of the infecting pathogen (t>MIC) is equal to 50% to 60% of the dosing interval [11] Of note, a recent Monte Carlo simulation study assessed the theoretical cumulative fractions of ... antimicrobial therapy, it must be considered that the target plasma concentration (Ct) that is achieved with the first dose - loading dose (LD) depends solely on the volume of distribution (Vd) of the drug...
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Báo cáo y học: "Hormone replacement therapy in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with lower serum levels of soluble IL-6 receptor and higher insulin-like growth factor 1" doc
... and, interestingly, the change of ESR during the course of the study was highly correlated with the change of IL-6 and to a lesser degree was inversely correlated with the change of IGF-1 However, ... increased Both of these results — the effects on the IL-6/ sIL-6R pathway and on IGF-1 in the endocrine system — may be involved in the mechanisms mediating the beneficial effects of HRT There is a ... Assessment of outcome variables The aim of this study was to assess the effects of HRT on serum levels of the osteoclast-stimulating cytokines, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-Iβ, IL-6, on their...
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Báo cáo y học: " Effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy and development of drug resistance in HIV-1 infected patients in Mombasa, Kenya" doc
... http://www.aidsrestherapy.com/content/6/1/12 selected in the presence of the drug, their detection excludes the poor-intake of medication as the main reason for failure The combinations of AZT/d4T+3TC+EFV/NVP are extensively ... are of concern with regard to the risk of disease progression and potential transmission of drug resistant virus to partners The aim of this study was to assess, in a cross-sectional survey, the ... with the results of other studies, the 3TC mutation M184V and the NNRTI mutations K103N, 190G and 181C are frequently observed in case of treatment failure [8,12] The high percentage (62.5%) of...
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Báo cáo y học: " Pre-treatment mortality and loss-to-follow-up in HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 dually infected patients eligible for antiretroviral therapy in The Gambia, West Africa" doc
... co-ordinated the HIV clinical and field activities, performed the statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript IP contributed to the design of the study SJ conceived of the idea and participated in the ... many of these patients who could not be traced or relocated outside of The Gambia may have died The median CD4 T cell count of the ART-eligible individuals is 150 cells/μL indicating that many of ... patients Page of 8 10 Acknowledgements We thank the field workers and nurses of the MRC HIV clinic We also acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of Gilleh Thomas in acquisition of the data and...
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báo cáo khoa học: "The efficacy of computer reminders on external quality assessment for point-of-care testing in Danish general practice: rationale and methodology for two randomized trials" pot
... baseline period before the start of the intervention and up to three fourmonth follow-up periods after the start of the intervention During the study periods, the number of specific POCT tests ... the data manager of the Research Unit of General Practice without knowledge of the individual practice identification Data from the capital region and Copenhagen general practice laboratory The ... [14] The data manager conducted the randomization without knowing the practice code The participating practices are unaware of their randomization group allocation up to the point when the first...
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báo cáo khoa học: "Regulation of cell cycle transition and induction of apoptosis in HL-60 leukemia cells by lipoic acid: role in cancer prevention and therapy" ppt
... in the prevention of carcinogenesis, in non-cancerous animal- and cell-based studies [22-24] These studies support the potential utility of LA as an anticancer agent and the importance of the ... most of which is rapidly effluxed from the cell to the culture medium [5] Experimental and clinical studies have indicated the potential usefulness of exogenous LA as a therapeutic agent for the ... the importance of the elucidation of the detailed mechanism of its antitumor activity Because of its widespread use and therapeutic potential of LA, however, the mechanism by which LA elicits...
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Báo cáo y học: " Co-receptor usage and prediction of v3 genotyping algorithms in hiv-1 subtype b’ from paid blood donors experienced anti-retroviral therapy in chinese central province" pps
... ART Note: a: the number of cases; b:it is the net charge of V3 loop according to the formula (V3 net charge=(R+K)-(D+E)); c:it is the frequency of b in the a bold: No of net charge of V3 for R5-tropic ... suggesting the number of net charge of V3 is not available for co-receptor prediction of HIV-1 B’ subtype exposed to drug V3 loop, as the major determinant of viral tropism, is a base of lots of prediction ... exception, there is not any X4-tropic viruses which the number of net charge of V3 is below in treatment-naïve group, whereas there is 18.2% X4-tropic viruses which the number of net charge of V3...
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Báo cáo y học: "Endogenous TGF-β activation by reactive oxygen species is key to Foxp3 induction in TCR-stimulated and HIV-1-infected human CD4+CD25- T cells" docx
... representative histogram profile of DHE staining on the different days The filled histogram is the un-labeled cells (negative control) B The values are displayed as the Mean ± SD of the MFI of DHE between ... involve the production of TGF-β by TCR and CD28 engagement and the activation of TGF-β by ROS produced from the activated T cells Biologically active TGF-β then engages in the induction of Foxp3 The ... (MFI = 30–50, Fig 6B) During the course of cell culture, from days through 5, the MFI of ROS of the live cells in the cultures with medium alone was stable Page of 16 (page number not for citation...
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Báo cáo sinh học: "A dual function fusion protein of Herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase and firefly luciferase for noninvasive in vivo imaging of gene therapy in malignant glioma" ppsx
... conversion of prodrug by HSV-TK was however not measured in either of the above studies Ponomarev et al [24] did not present data on the correlated expression of the three reporters within the triple ... mouse prior to sacrifice The tumor was cut in the middle and placed with the cut side facing the CCD camera One part of the tumor was obviously hemorrhagic while the other part looked vital Photon ... monitoring the therapeutic effect of HSV-TK, U87MG cell clones stably expressing the HSV-TK-Luc fusion protein were generated by selection of transfected cells with geneticin Comparison of 18 of these...
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Báo cáo y học: "HIV DNA and Dementia in Treatment-Naïve HIV-1-Infected Individuals in Bangkok, Thailand"
... assess the importance of HIV DNA in the pathogenesis of HAD Other limitations of the current study include the assumption that the CD14- subsets were composed mainly of CD4 lymphocytes The calculations ... with the diagnosis determined by our Thai colleague on 100% of the ND cases Among the HAD cases, the consensus panel was congruent in 70% of the cases with the remaining cases felt to be either ... association of HIV DNA with HAD before starting HAART would further implicate HIV DNA in the neuropathogenesis of HAD likely due to the presence of virus in M/MФ that traffic to the CNS The work...
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Báo cáo y học: "Antiviral therapy of HCV in the cirrhotic and transplant candidate"
... in the absence of SVR? The National Institutes of Health sponsored HALT-C trial (Hepatitis C Antiviral Long Term Treatment against Cirrhosis), is a multicenter study of the potential benefit of ... patients, even with the latest combination therapy However, existing data support therapy of the patient with compensated cirrhosis Cirrhotic patients may tolerate therapy less well, given the propensity ... assess their value and impact on efficacy of therapy although they are now widely used in patients receiving interferon therapy Treatment of advanced liver disease Chronic HCV infection is the leading...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Mixed lineage leukemia: roles in human malignancies and potential therapy pdf
... different drugs to the outside of the cell, and thus are hard to address pharmacologically The mode of proliferation – resulting in large numbers of tumor cells – is presumably the target of current ... Meis1 results in the establishment of a unique gene-expression signature that is further enhanced by the presence of the HoxA9 protein [20] Men1 binds directly to the N-terminus of MLL fusions ... suppressing the typically observed HOXA signature [24] Is this also the case for other genetic rearrangements of the MLL gene? With the exception of t(11;19) translocations, where 50% of all patients...
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Tài liệu IMPLANT AND REGENERATIVE THERAPY IN DENTISTRY A GUIDE TO DECISION MAKING docx
... crown-lengthening surgery would require removal of approximately mm of bone at the area of the entrance to the mesial furcation of the first molar Such therapy would compromise the prognosis of the ... fixed prosthesis has been inserted Note the ideal positions of the screw holes in the prosthesis patient’s satisfaction with the esthetic outcomes of therapy (Figure 1.30) The influence of patient ... of these teeth ◦ The prosthesis rests upon the implants rather than the hard and soft tissues, thus lessening bone atrophy beneath the prosthesis ◦ The lever arm of the prosthesis is significantly...
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Tài liệu ACCOUNTING FOR HETEROGENEITY, DIVERSITY AND GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM IN EVALUATING SOCIAL PROGRAMS pptx
... comparing the integrals of the empirical CDFs of the control and treatment group earnings distributions for various values of o Table displays the re- sults of tests of the null hypothesis of equality ... of self selection These narrow the range of dependence across outcome states (4) The range of the estimated proportion of people benefitting from the program in the sense of gross outcomes (the ... the case of perfect negative dependence, where q1 = 100— q The first and last rows of Table display estimates of quantiles of the impact distribution and other features of the impact distribution...
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